Dibrugarh district

Dibrugarh derived its name from Dibarumukh (as a renowned encampment of Ahoms during the Ahom-Chutia war). Either the name “Dibru” evolved from Dibaru river or from the Tibeto Burman word “Dibru” which means a “blister” and “Garh” meaning "fort". The Tibeto Burman add the prefix “Di-” (which means “water”) wherever there is small stream, a river, or a large river in a town or city.{{Cite web|title=About Dibrugarh – Dibrugarh University|url=https://dibru.ac.in/about-dibrugarh/|access-date=2021-08-22|language=en-US}}

The region was part of the Chutia Kingdom until the Ahoms occupied it in the year 1523 AD. The Chutia army under the generals Kasitora, Alangi Chetia and Borpatra fought against the Ahoms at Dibrumukh,Deodhai Assam Buranji, p.1 but were defeated. After the Ahoms captured Sadiya in 1524 AD, bringing an end to the Chutia kingdom, the Ahom king Suhungmung placed an official named Chaolung Shulung to control the region.{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.450867|title=Ahom-buranji|date=12 November 1939|via=Internet Archive}}

Since the defeat of the royalists troops at Amaratali of Dibru in 1787 A.D. in the reign of Gaurinath Singha, during the Moamoria rebellion this region came under the Moamarias who also formed there a dominant religious community.{{better source needed|date=March 2022}} Dibrugarh became a separate district when it was split from Lakhimpur on 2 October 1971.{{cite web | url = https://drive.google.com/open?id=1CUN2_25eEhvyY1I0e3FKkPkE8zvGLS6E | title = Govt Order No. AAP 110/70/169 dtd 24th Sept/1971 | access-date = 2019-11-28 | last = Government of Assam | first = Govt of Assam | date = 2019-11-28 | work = RKG Dibrugarh}} On 1 October 1989 Tinsukia district was split from Dibrugarh.

Dibrugarh district occupies an area of {{convert|3381|km2|sqmi}},{{cite book|title=India 2010: A Reference Annual|publisher=Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India|year=2010|isbn=978-81-230-1617-7|edition=54th|location=New Delhi, India|pages=1116|chapter=States and Union Territories: Assam: Government|last1=Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.)}} comparatively equivalent to Russia's Vaygach Island.{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 1998-02-18 | publisher = United Nations Environment Program | quote = Vaygach Island 3,329 | archive-date = 1 December 2015 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20151201081219/http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | url-status = dead }} The district extends from 27° 5' 38" N to 27° 42' 30" N latitude and 94°33'46"E to 95°29'8"E longitude. It is bounded by Dhemaji district on the north, Tinsukia district on the east, Tirap district of Arunachal Pradesh on the south-east and Sibsagar district on the north and south-west. The area stretches from the north bank of the Brahmaputra, which flows for a length of 95 km through the northern margin of the district, to the Patkai foothills on the south. The Burhi Dihing, a major tributary of the Brahmaputra with its network of tributaries and wetlands flows through the district from east to west. There is a large tract of Tropical Rainforest in its eastern and southern regions, which is a part of the Dehing Patkai wildlife sanctuary.

File:White-winged.wood.duck.arp.jpg, found in Dibru-Saikhowa National Park]]

In 1999 Dibrugarh district became home to Dibru-Saikhowa National Park, which has an area of {{convert|340|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment |title=Protected areas: Assam |url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |access-date=25 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |archive-date=23 August 2011 }} It shares the park with Tinsukia district. It is also home to the Padumani-Bherjan-Borajan Wildlife Sanctuary, which was established in 1999 and has an area of {{convert|7.2|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}. In 2020 Dibrugarh district became home to Dehing Patkai National Park, which has an area of {{convert|231.65|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}. It shares the park with Tinsukia district.

Tea and oil are the major revenue earners for the district. Beside these many rice and oilseed mills exist. Also there are some coal mining and petroleum production industries.

The majority of the population are occupied in farming of rice, sugar-cane, pulses, and fish farming.

Dibrugarh has the world's largest area covered by tea gardens. The entire district is surrounded by tea plantations and has tea factories. Many tea gardens are more than 100 years old.

The world's oldest running oil refinery is situated in Digboi (Tinsukia District). The entire district has many oil and natural gas rigs owned by the Oil India Limited and Oil and Natural Gas Corporation.

The headquarters of Oil India Limited is located in Duliajan,{{cite web|url=http://www.oil-india.com/OOffices.aspx |title=Oil India Limited :: A Navratna Company |publisher=Oil-india.com |access-date=2011-05-20}} 50 km from Dibrugarh Town.

Namrup is known for its 3 main industries viz. BVFCL (Brahmaputra Valley Fertilizer Corporation Ltd.), APL (Assam Petrochemicals Ltd.) and NTPS (Namrup Thermal Power Station).

The Administrative System is divided into:

1. Village (1361)
2. Block (7)
3. Gaon Panchayats (93)
4. Zilla Parishad (1)

In the lower-house (Lok Sabha) of the Indian Parliament, Dibrugarh is one constituency and represented by one elected Member of the Parliament.

• Chabua
• Dibrugarh
• Duliajan
• Jamirah Patra Gaon
• Moran
• Naharkatia
• Namrup

• Dibrugarh East
• Dibrugarh West
• Chabua
• Tengakhat
• Naharkatia
• Tingkhong
• Moran.

{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|

• Borboruah (City) PS
• Chabua PS
• Dibrugarh Sadar Town (City)
• Duliajan PS
• Joypur PS
• Khowang PS
• Lahowal (City) PS
• Moran PS
• Naharkatia PS
• Rajgarh PS
• Rohmoria, Ghoramora PS
• Tengakhat PS
• Tingkhong PS

}}

There are seven Assam Legislative Assembly constituencies in this district: Moran, Dibrugarh, Lahowal, Duliajan, Tingkhong, Naharkatia, and Chabua.{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Revenue & Election District wise break - up |url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website |access-date=26 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074811/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf |archive-date=22 March 2012 }} Chabua is in the Lakhimpur Lok Sabha constituency, whilst the other six are in the Dibrugarh Lok Sabha constituency.{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Parliamentary Constituencies wise break - up |url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website |access-date=26 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074903/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf |archive-date=22 March 2012 }}

Dibrugarh is well linked by roads, railway (Dibrugarh railway station), airway (Mohanbari Airport) and waterway.

There are four airfields, which were used by the British against Japanese forces in Burma during World War II.

File:Bridge on Brahmaputra river,Bogibeel Bridge, Dibrugarh district.jpg

{{bar box

|title=Religions in Dibrugarh district (2011){{cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population By Religion: Assam |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11365/download/14478/DDW18C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=census.gov.in |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}}

|titlebar=#FCD116

|left1=Religion

|right1=Percent

|float=left

|bars=

{{bar percent|Hinduism|darkorange|90.35}}

{{bar percent|Islam|green|4.86}}

{{bar percent|Christianity|dodgerblue|3.99}}

{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.80}}

}}

According to the 2011 census Dibrugarh district has a population of 1,326,335,{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Dibrugarh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/210/download/490/DH_2011_1811_PART_A_DCHB_DIBRUGARH.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}} roughly equal to the nation of Mauritius{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Mauritius 1,303,717 July 2011 est.

}} or the US state of Maine.{{cite web

|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php

|title=2010 Resident Population Data

|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau

|access-date=2011-09-30

|quote=Maine 1,328,361

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php

|archive-date=2013-10-19

}} This gives it a ranking of 367th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of {{convert|393|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.04%. Dibrugarh has a sex ratio of 961 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 76.05%, 82.82% in males and 68.99% in females. 18.38% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.44% and 7.76% of the population respectively.

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Languages of Dibrugarh district (2011)

|label1 = Assamese |value1 = 76.01 |color1 = purple

|label2 = Bengali |value2 = 5.93 |color2 = orchid

|label3 = Hindi |value3 = 5.80 |color3 = orange

|label4 = Sadri |value4 = 4.83 |color4 = burlywood

|label5 = Nepali |value5 = 1.72 |color5 = lightcoral

|label6 = Bhojpuri |value6 = 1.13 |color6 = gold

|label7 = Odia |value7 = 1.00 |color7 = saddlebrown

|label8 = Others |value8 = 3.58 |color8 = grey

}}

Dibrugarh is a multi-cultural district. According to the 2011 census, 76.01% of the district speaks Assamese, 5.93% Bengali, 5.80% Hindi, 4.83% Sadri, 1.72% Nepali, 1.13% Bhojpuri and 1.00% Odia as their first language.{{cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-16 Population By Mother Tongue: Assam |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10195/download/13307/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}}

The district is the pivot of higher education in the entire North East India. Right from the British India period the district has been a center for learning. The Assam Medical College was established by a personal grant from Dr. John Berry White after he retired as the civil surgeon of Lakhimpur district. The medical school, "John Berry White Medical School" was set up in 1900 at Dibrugarh, and thus this premier institute started its history, and marked a new era in education.{{cite web|title=Assam Medical College|url=http://www.assammedicalcollege.net/history.html|access-date=19 May 2011}} Assam Medical College has the pride of having the first Radiology department in India, as in 1910 two X-ray machine (One 10MA and another 15MA) was bought from England, only 15 years after the discovery of X-rays by Professor Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895–96. These two were the first X-ray machines in India.

Apart from medical, the other higher fields of learning in the district are Pharmacology, Geology and Applied Geology and Petroleum Technology. All these courses are offered by Dibrugarh University, which was established in 1965.

Beside the university, other centres for learning are:

• Dibrugarh Poly-technique, offering various diploma courses in electrical, civil and mechanical fields
• Regional Medical Research Centre - RMRC, a centre for scientific and research in bio-medical sciences where major health problems and its causes are studied

The district came to national prominence for education in 2009 with Gaurav Agarwal of the Assam Valley School topping the country in the Class XII board examinations conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.{{cite news |url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/details.asp?id=may2409/State9 |location=Guwahati, India |work=The Assam Tribune |title=Dibrugarh boy earns laurels |date=23 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014173309/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/details.asp?id=may2409%2FState9 |archive-date=2013-10-14 }}{{cite news |url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/details.asp?id=nov2009/State9 |location=Guwahati, India |work=The Assam Tribune |title=14th founders' day of Assam Valley School concludes |date=19 Nov 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014173306/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/details.asp?id=nov2009%2FState9 |archive-date=14 October 2013 }}{{cite news| url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090522/jsp/northeast/story_11002109.jsp | archive-url=https://archive.today/20140622055825/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090522/jsp/northeast/story_11002109.jsp | url-status=dead | archive-date=22 June 2014 | location=Calcutta, India | work=The Telegraph | title=Women power in ICSE feat | date=22 May 2009}}

The Dibrugarh district is part Dibrugarh, and Lakhimpur parliament constituency. Vidhan Sabha constituencies are Moran, Dibrugarh, Lahowal, Duliajan, Tingkhong, Naharkatia, Chabua

{{Main | Category:People from Dibrugarh district}}

• Arun Sharma: Dramatist
• Biju Phukan: Assamese actor
• Dipannita Sharma: Indian actress and model
• Jyoti Prasad Agarwala: Indian playwright, songwriter, poet, writer and film maker
• Jogendra Nath Hazarika: former chief minister of Assam
• Kesab Chandra Gogoi: former chief minister of Assam
• Moloya Goswami: Indian actress
• Nilmoni Phukan: Assamese writer, poet, freedom fighter and politician
• Nagen Saikia: Indian writer
• Paresh Barua: leader of militant group ULFA
• Parineeta Borthakur: Indian actress
• Prahlad Chandra Tasa: Indian writer and educationist
• Ranjan Gogoi: 46th Chief Justice of India
• Rameswar Teli: MP, Lok sabha from Dibrugarh
• Shamin Mannan: Indian actress
• Sarbananda Sonowal: former chief minister of Assam

• Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council
• Matak Autonomous Council

{{Reflist}}

• {{Citation|last=Scott|first=James George|year =1967|title=Hsenwi State Chronicle}}

• [https://dibrugarh.assam.gov.in/ Dibrugarh District official Website]
• [http://www.assammedicalcollege.net/ Assam Medical College]
• [http://dibru.ac.in/ Dibrugarh University]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110426141428/http://iiic.info/dibrugarhonline/ Dibrugarh Online website]

{{Geographic location

|Centre = Dibrugarh district

|North = Dhemaji district

|Northeast =

|East = Tinsukia district

|Southeast = Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh

|South = Sibsagar district

|Southwest = Jorhat district

|West = Lakhimpur district

|Northwest =

}}

{{Districts of Assam}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dibrugarh District}}

Category:Districts of Assam

Category:1971 establishments in Assam