Diyarbekir Eyalet
{{Short description|Administrative division of the Ottoman Empire from 1515 to 1846}}
{{Other uses|Diyarbakir Province (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
|_noautocat = no
|native_name = {{langx|ar|إيالة ديار بكر}}
Eyālet-i Diyār-i Bekr
|common_name = Eyalet of Diyarbekir
|subdivision = Eyalet
|nation = the Ottoman Empire
|year_start = 1515
|year_end = 1846
|date_start = November 4, 1515[https://www.tasavvufdergisi.net/indir.php?tur=1&no=1123 II. Uluslar Arası Osmanlı'dan Cumhuriyet'e Diyarbakır Sempozyumu]{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (Türkçe). Diyarbakır Valiliği ve TOBB ETÜ Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi.
II. International Symposium on the Ottoman Empire Republic of Diyarbakir TOBB ETU Diyarbakir Governor's Office and the Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
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|p1 = Safavid Diyarbakr
|flag_p1 = Flag of Shah Tahmasp I.svg
|p2 =
|flag_p2 =
|s1 = Kurdistan Eyalet
|flag_s1 = Ottoman Flag.svg
|s2 = Diyâr-ı Bekr Vilayet
|flag_s2 = Ottoman Flag.svg
|image_flag =
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|image_coat =
|image_map = Diyarbarik Eyalet, Ottoman Empire (1609).png
|image_map_caption = The Diyâr-ı Bekr Eyalet in 1609
|capital = Amid (modern Diyarbakır)
|today =
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The Eyalet of Diyarbekir ({{langx|ar|إيالة ديار بكر}}; {{langx|ota|ایالت دیاربكر|Eyālet-i Diyār-i Bekr}}){{cite web|title=Some Provinces of the Ottoman Empire|url=http://www.geonames.de/coutr-ota-provinces.html|publisher=Geonames.de|access-date=25 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928180044/http://www.geonames.de/coutr-ota-provinces.html|archive-date=28 September 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. Its reported area in the 19th century was {{convert|20332|sqmi|km2}},{{Google books|zSNUAAAAYAAJ|The Popular encyclopedia: or, conversations lexicon, Volume 6|page=698}} slightly larger than the original Abbasid province in Upper Mesopotamia. In 1846 it was succeeded by the Kurdistan Eyalet.{{Cite book|last=Aydın|first=Suavi|title=Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915|last2=Verheij|first2=Jelle|publisher=Brill|year=2012|isbn=9789004225183|editor-last=Jorngerden|editor-first=Joost|pages=18|editor-last2=Verheij|editor-first2=Jelle}}
Government
The 17th-century traveller Evliya Çelebi reported on the organization of the eyalet: "In this province there are nineteen sanjaks and five hakumets (or hereditary governments) [...] eight [sanjaks] were at the time of the conquest conferred on Kurdish begs with the patent of family inheritance for ever. Like other sanjaks they are divided into ziamets and timars, the possessors of which are obliged to serve in the field; but if they do not, the ziamet or timar may be transferred to a son or relation, but not to a stranger.
The hakumets have neither ziamets nor timars. Their governors exercise full authority, and receive not only the land revenues, but also all the other taxes which in the sanjaks are paid to the possessor of the ziamet or timar, such as the taxes for pasturage, marriages, horses, vineyards, and orchards. [...]
The officers of the divan of Diarbeker are the defterdar of the treasury with a ruz-namji (journal writer); a defterdar of the feudal forces an inspector (emin), and a lieutenant kehiya of the defter, and another for the chavushes; a secretary (katib), a colonel, and a lieutenant colonel of the militia".{{Google books|66hCAAAAcAAJ|Narrative of travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa in the ..., Volume 1|page=94}} By Evliya Çelebi, Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall
History
After Reşid Mehmet Pasha assumed as Wāli in 1834, he led military campaigns against the local Kurdish tribes of the Garzan, Bedir Khan and Milli as well as the Yazidi in Sinjar. In 1835 he also subdued the Milli tribe in Mardin{{Cite book|last=Aydın|first=Suavi|title=Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915|last2=Verheij|first2=Jelle|publisher=Brill|year=2012|isbn=9789004225183|editor-last=Jorngerden|editor-first=Joost|pages=31–32|editor-last2=Verheij|editor-first2=Jelle}} and in 1836, he defeated the ruler from the Emirate of Soran. After his death in 1836, his successor was Hafiz Mehmet Pasha who continued to subdue the Kurdish tribes and the Yazidi in Sincar. In the 1840s, the Eyalet ceded the Sanjak of Cizre, which before was part of the Emirate of Bohtan in the Diyarbekır Eyalet, to the Mosul Eyalet, which led to a Kurdish revolt led by Bedir Khan Beg.{{Cite book|last=Özoğlu|first=Hakan|title=Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman State: Evolving Identities, Competing Loyalties, and Shifting Boundaries|publisher=SUNY Press|year=2004|isbn=978-0-7914-5993-5|pages=60|language=en}}
Administrative divisions
:Sanjaks between 1515-1526Yılmaz Öztuna "Başlangıcından zamanımıza kadar Büyük Türkiye tarihi" cilt 13, sf. 279, Ötüken Yayınevi (1977).
| :Sanjaks between 1526-1560
| :Sanjaks after 1560
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See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord missing|Turkey}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Diyarbekir, Eyalet of}}
Category:Eyalets of the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia
Category:History of Batman Province
Category:History of Diyarbakır Province
Category:History of Elazığ Province
Category:History of Malatya Province
Category:History of Mardin Province
Category:History of Siirt Province
Category:History of Şanlıurfa Province
Category:History of Tunceli Province