Drugchu language

{{Short description|Endangered Tibetic language spoken in China}}

{{distinguish|Hbrugchu dialect}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Drugchu

|altname=

|state=China

|region=Gansu

|speakers=ca. 1000?

|date=2005

|ref=

|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan

|fam2=Tibeto-Kanauri ?

|fam3=Bodish

|fam4=Tibetic

|iso3=none

|glotto=hbru1241

|glottorefname=Drugchu

|glotto2=hbru1242

|glottoname2=Hbrugchu

}}

Drugchu (Hbrugchu, Zhugchu) is an endangered{{Cite book |title=The Tibetic Languages: an introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan |last=Tournadre |first=Nicolas |publisher=LACITO |year=2023 |isbn=9782490768080 |location=France |pages=83–88 |last2=Suzuki |first2=Hiroyuki |chapter=The geography and the people}} Tibetic language of Gansu spoken by a few hundred or thousand people.{{cite journal |last=Tournadre |first=Nicolas |author-link=Nicolas Tournadre |year=2005 |title=L'aire linguistique tibétaine et ses divers dialectes |journal=Lalies |volume=25 |pages=7–56 |url=https://www.nicolas-tournadre.net/wp-content/uploads/multimedia/2005-aire.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803090337/http://www.nicolas-tournadre.net/wp-content/uploads/multimedia/2005-aire.pdf |archive-date=2017-08-03 |lang=fr |publisher=Presses de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure}}

Phonology

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+ Consonant phonemes of Drugchu

colspan="2" |

! Bilabial

! Labiodental

! Alveolar

! Palato-alveolar

! Palatal

! Velar

! Glottal

colspan="2" | Nasal

| {{IPA link|m}}

|

| {{IPA link|n}}

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rowspan="2" | Plosive

! voiceless

| {{IPA link|p}}

|

| {{IPA link|t}}

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|

| {{IPA link|k}}

| {{IPA link|ʔ}}

voiced

| {{IPA link|b}}

|

| {{IPA link|d}}

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| {{IPA link|ɡ}}

|

rowspan="2" | Affricate

! voiceless

|

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| {{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}

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|

|

voiced

|

|

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| {{IPA link|d͡ʒ}}

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rowspan="2" | Fricative

! voiceless

|

| {{IPA link|f}}

| {{IPA link|s}}

| {{IPA link|ʃ}}

|

| {{IPA link|x}}

| {{IPA link|h}}

voiced

|

| {{IPA link|v}}

| {{IPA link|z}}

| {{IPA link|ʒ}}

|

| {{IPA link|ɣ}}

|

colspan="2" | Tap

|

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| {{IPA link|ɾ}}

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colspan="2" | Approximant

|

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| {{IPA link|l}}

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| {{IPA link|j}}

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class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Vowel phonemes of Drugchu

!

! Front

! Back

Close

|{{IPA link|iː}}

|{{IPA link|uː}}

Mid

|{{IPA link|e}}

|{{IPA link|o}}

Open

|{{IPA link|æ}}

|{{IPA link|ɒː}}

References