Drugchu language
{{Short description|Endangered Tibetic language spoken in China}}
{{distinguish|Hbrugchu dialect}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Drugchu
|altname=
|state=China
|region=Gansu
|speakers=ca. 1000?
|date=2005
|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
|fam2=Tibeto-Kanauri ?
|fam3=Bodish
|fam4=Tibetic
|iso3=none
|glotto=hbru1241
|glottorefname=Drugchu
|glotto2=hbru1242
|glottoname2=Hbrugchu
}}
Drugchu (Hbrugchu, Zhugchu) is an endangered{{Cite book |title=The Tibetic Languages: an introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan |last=Tournadre |first=Nicolas |publisher=LACITO |year=2023 |isbn=9782490768080 |location=France |pages=83–88 |last2=Suzuki |first2=Hiroyuki |chapter=The geography and the people}} Tibetic language of Gansu spoken by a few hundred or thousand people.{{cite journal |last=Tournadre |first=Nicolas |author-link=Nicolas Tournadre |year=2005 |title=L'aire linguistique tibétaine et ses divers dialectes |journal=Lalies |volume=25 |pages=7–56 |url=https://www.nicolas-tournadre.net/wp-content/uploads/multimedia/2005-aire.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803090337/http://www.nicolas-tournadre.net/wp-content/uploads/multimedia/2005-aire.pdf |archive-date=2017-08-03 |lang=fr |publisher=Presses de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure}}
Phonology
class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Consonant phonemes of Drugchu |
colspan="2" |
! Bilabial ! Alveolar ! Palatal ! Velar ! Glottal |
---|
colspan="2" | Nasal
| {{IPA link|m}} | | {{IPA link|n}} | | | | |
rowspan="2" | Plosive
| {{IPA link|p}} | | {{IPA link|t}} | | | {{IPA link|k}} | {{IPA link|ʔ}} |
voiced
| {{IPA link|b}} | | {{IPA link|d}} | | | {{IPA link|ɡ}} | |
rowspan="2" | Affricate
| | | | {{IPA link|t͡ʃ}} | | | |
voiced
| | | | {{IPA link|d͡ʒ}} | | | |
rowspan="2" | Fricative
| | {{IPA link|f}} | {{IPA link|s}} | {{IPA link|ʃ}} | | {{IPA link|x}} | {{IPA link|h}} |
voiced
| | {{IPA link|v}} | {{IPA link|z}} | {{IPA link|ʒ}} | | {{IPA link|ɣ}} | |
colspan="2" | Tap
| | | {{IPA link|ɾ}} | | | | |
colspan="2" | Approximant
| | | {{IPA link|l}} | | {{IPA link|j}} | | |
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Vowel phonemes of Drugchu ! ! Front ! Back |
Close
|{{IPA link|iː}} |{{IPA link|uː}} |
---|
Mid
|{{IPA link|e}} |{{IPA link|o}} |
Open
|{{IPA link|æ}} |{{IPA link|ɒː}} |
References
{{reflist}}
{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}
{{Bodic languages}}
{{Languages of China}}