Duke of Richmond

Prior to the creation of the dukedom the early nobles of England associated with Richmondshire were Lords and Earls of Richmond. At times the honour of Richmond was held without a title. The dukedom of Richmond emerged under Henry VIII.

The first creation of a dukedom of Richmond (as Duke of Richmond and Somerset) was made in 1525 for Henry FitzRoy, an illegitimate son of Henry VIII. His mother was Elizabeth Blount. Upon the Duke's death without children in 1536, his titles became extinct.

The second creation was in 1623 for Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox (see Lennox (district)) (1574–1624), who also held other titles in the peerage of Scotland. He was created Earl of Richmond and Baron Settrington in 1613 and Duke of Richmond in the peerage of England in 1623 as a member of the Lennox line (not unlike King James VI & I himself) in the House of Stuart. These became extinct at his death in 1624, but his Scottish honours devolved on his brother Esmé, Earl of March, who thus became 3rd Duke of Lennox in the peerage of Scotland. Esmé's son James, 4th Duke of Lennox (1612–1655) subsequently received the third creation of the dukedom of Richmond in 1641, when the two dukedoms again became united. In 1672, on the death of James' nephew Charles, 3rd Duke of Richmond and 6th Duke of Lennox, both titles again became extinct.{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Richmond, Earls and Dukes of|volume=23|pages=306–307}}

The fourth creation of the dukedom of Richmond was in August 1675, when Charles II granted the title to Charles Lennox, his illegitimate son by Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth. Charles Lennox was further created Duke of Lennox a month later. Charles' son, also Charles, succeeded to the French title Duke of Aubigny (of Aubigny-sur-Nère) on the death of his grandmother in 1734. The 6th Duke of Richmond and Lennox was created Duke of Gordon (See Clan Gordon) in 1876. Thus, the Duke holds three (four, if the French Aubigny claim is accepted) dukedoms; three, equal since 2022 to Prince William, Duke of Cornwall, of Rothesay and of Cambridge.

The subsidiary titles of the dukedom created in 1675 are Earl of March (created 1675), Earl of Darnley (1675), Earl of Kinrara (1876), Baron Settrington, of Settrington in the County of York (1675), and Lord Torbolton (1675).

File:10th Duke of Richmond & Gordon & 5th Duke of Lennox colour.jpg, by Allan Warren.]]

File:Lord March.JPG.]]

The Dukes of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon are normally styled Duke of Richmond and Gordon. Before the creation of the Dukedom of Gordon they were styled Duke of Richmond and Lennox. The titles Earl of March and Baron Settrington were created in the peerage of England along with the Dukedom of Richmond. The titles Earl of Darnley and Lord Torbolton were created in the peerage of Scotland along with the dukedom of Lennox. Finally, the title Earl of Kinrara was created in the peerage of the United Kingdom with the dukedom of Gordon. The eldest son of the Duke uses the courtesy title Earl of March and Kinrara. Before the creation of the Dukedom of Gordon, the courtesy title used was Earl of March.

The family seat is Goodwood House near Chichester, West Sussex.

The heir apparent is Charles Henry Gordon Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara (b. 1994), eldest son of the 11th Duke.

{{Tree list}}

• 25px Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond (1818–1903)
• 25px Charles Gordon-Lennox, 7th Duke of Richmond (1845–1928)
• 25px Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond (1870–1935)
• 25px Frederick Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond (1904–1989)
• 25px Charles Gordon Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond (1929–2017)
• 25px Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond (born 1955)
• (1) Charles Henry Gordon Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara (b. 1994)
• (2) Lord William Rupert Gordon Lennox (b. 1996)
• (3) Lord Frederick Lysander Gordon Lennox (b. 2000)
• Lord Esmé Charles Gordon-Lennox (1875–1949)
• Reginald Arthur Charles Gordon Lennox (1910–1965)
• male issue in line
• Lord Bernard Charles Gordon Lennox (1878–1914)
• Sir George Gordon Lennox (1908–1988)
• Bernard Gordon Lennox (1932–2017)
• male issue in line
• other male issue in line
• Sir Alexander Henry Charles Gordon Lennox (1911–1987)
• male issue in line
• Lord Walter Gordon-Lennox (1865–1922)
• Victor Charles Hugh Gordon Lennox (1897–1968)
• male issue in line

{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Richmond and Gordon, Duke of |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |publication-date=|pages=2935–2940 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}

{{Tree list/end}}

{{Infobox coat of arms wide

| name =Charles Gordon Lennox, Duke of Richmond

| image =Coat of arms of the duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.png

| imagesize =230px

| notes =

| year_adopted =1876

| coronet =Coronet of a Duke

| crest =1st, a Bull's Head erased Sable horned Or; 2nd, on a Chapeau Gules turned up Ermine a Lion statant guardant Or crowned with a Ducal Coronet Gules and gorged with a Collar company of four pieces Argent charged with eight Roses Gules and the last; 3rd, out of a Ducal Coronet a Stag's Head affrontée proper attired with ten Tynes Or

| torse =

| helm =Open barred helmet

| escutcheon =Quarterly: 1st and 4th grand quarters, the Royal Arms of Charles II (viz. quarterly: 1st and 4th, France and England quarterly; 2nd, Scotland; 3rd, Ireland); the whole within a bordure company argent charged with roses gules barbed and seeded proper and the last; overall an escutcheon gules charged with three buckles or (Dukedom of Aubigny); 2nd grand quarter, argent a saltire engrailed gules between four roses of the second barbed and seeded proper (Lennox); 3rd grand quarter, quarterly, 1st, azure three boars' heads couped or (Gordon); 2nd, or three lions' heads erased gules (Badenoch); 3rd, or three crescents within a double tressure flory counter-flory gules (Seton); 4th, azure three cinquefoils argent (Fraser).

| supporters =

| compartment =

| motto =1st crest: Avant Darnlie (referring to Stuart dynasty){{Cite web|date=2011-08-14|title=His Grace’s Coat of Arms|url=https://thehistoryguide.co.uk/his-graces-coat-of-arms/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=The History Guide|language=en-GB}}
2nd crest: En La Rose Je Fleuris (Anglo-Norman: "I flourish in the rose")
3rd crest: Bydand (war cry of Clan Gordon)

| orders =

| other_elements =

| bannerimage =

| banner =

| badgeimage =

| badge =

| symbolism =

| previous_versions =

}}

File:Arms of Duke of Richmond 02817.jpg; c. 1773–1776]]

The earlier dukes (creations of 1623 and 1641) bore: Quarterly 1 and 4 azure three fleurs-de-lis and a bordure engrailed Or; 2 and 3 Or a fess chequy azure and argent, a bordure gules semy of buckles Or (Stewart of Bonkyl); overall an inescutcheon of Lennox.

Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond and Somerset (creation of 1525), bore the Tudor royal arms (quarterly France and England) with a border quarterly ermine (for Brittany) and compony azure and argent (for Somerset), a baton sinister argent for bastardy, and overall an escutcheon of Nottingham.

{{Dukes of Lennox, Richmond, and Gordon family tree}}

• Earl of Newcastle

{{notes}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Lennox |volume=16 |pages=419–420}}
• Tillyard, Stella. Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa, and Sarah Lennox, 1740–1832. Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1994.
• Baird, Rosemary. Goodwood: Art and Architecture, Sport and Family, Frances Lincoln, 2007

{{Extant British dukedoms}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Richmond}}

Category:Dukedoms in the Peerage of England

Category:Noble titles created in 1623

Category:Noble titles created in 1641

Category:Noble titles created in 1675