Dzhokhar Tsarnaev
{{short description|Boston Marathon bomber (born 1993)}}
{{family name hatnote|Anzorovich|Tsarnaev|lang=Eastern Slavic}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox criminal
| name = Dzhokhar Tsarnaev
| image = DzhokharATsarnaev.jpg
| caption = Passport photo of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev released during 2013 manhunt
| native_name = Джохар Царнаев
ДжовхΙар Царнаев
| birth_name = Dzhokhar Anzorovich Tsarnaev
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|7|22}}
| birth_place = Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan{{cite magazine|magazine=The New Yorker|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/are-the-tsarnaev-brothers-russian|first=Michael|last=Idov|title=Are the Tsarnaev Brothers Russian?|date=April 19, 2013}} or Dagestan, Russia{{cite news|work=Radio Free Europe|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/tsarnaev-childhood-family-kyrgyzstan-chechnya-daghestan/24963691.html|title=Kyrgyz Former Neighbors Talk About Tsarnaevs, North Caucasus Ties|first=Bruce|last=Jacobs|date=April 20, 2013}}
| other_names = Jahar Tsarnaev
| known_for = Boston Marathon bombing
| denomination =
| criminal_penalty = Death (De jure)
| criminal_status = Incarcerated at ADX Florence{{cite news |last1=Sargent |first1=Hillary |title=Tsarnaev moved to supermax prison |work=Boston.com|url=https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2015/07/17/tsarnaev-moved-to-supermax-prison-heres-how-hell-live/ |access-date=2 December 2023}}
| parents = {{ubli|Anzor Tsarnaev (father)|Zubeidat Tsarnaeva (mother)}}
| relatives = {{plainlist|
- Tamerlan Tsarnaev (brother)
- Ruslan Tsarni (uncle)}}
| education = Cambridge Rindge and Latin School
| alma_mater = University of Massachusetts Dartmouth (incomplete mechanical engineering program)
| imprisoned =
| conviction = {{ubli|Use of a weapon of mass destruction resulting in death (18 U.S.C. § 2332a) (2 counts)|Use of a weapon of mass destruction (18 U.S.C. § 2332a) (4 counts)|Conspiracy to use a weapon of mass destruction resulting in death (18 U.S.C. § 2332a)|Bombing a place of public use resulting in death (18 U.S.C. § 2332a) (2 counts)|Conspiracy to bomb a place of public use resulting in death (18 U.S.C. § 2332a)|Maliciously destroying property resulting in death (18 U.S.C. § 844) (2 counts)|Conspiracy to maliciously destroy property resulting in death (18 U.S.C. § 844)|Carjacking resulting in serious bodily injury (18 U.S.C. § 2119)|Use of a firearm during a crime of violence resulting in death (18 U.S.C. § 924) (9 counts)|Use of a firearm during a crime of violence (18 U.S.C. § 924) (6 counts)|Interfering with commerce by threats or violence (18 U.S.C. § 1951)}}
}}
Dzhokhar "Jahar" Anzorovich Tsarnaev (born July 22, 1993) is an American terrorist of Chechen and Avar descent who, along with his older brother, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, planted pressure cooker bombs near the finish line of the Boston Marathon on April 15, 2013. The bombs detonated, killing three people and injuring 264 others.{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=After Action Report for the Response to the 2013 Boston Marathon Bombings |url=https://www.policinginstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/after-action-report-for-the-response-to-the-2013-boston-marathon-bombings_0.pdf |access-date=April 15, 2024 |website=National Policing Institute}}
On April 18, 2013, the FBI released images of the Tsarnaev brothers, stated that they were suspects in the bombing, and asked the public for help in identifying them. Later that evening, MIT Police Officer Sean Collier was found killed in his car, shot by the brothers.{{Cite news |date=April 2013 |title=A Timeline of the Boston Manhunt |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/04/19/177923309/a-timeline-of-the-boston-manhunt |access-date=March 24, 2025}} During an ensuing shootout with police, Dzhokhar was injured, and Tamerlan was killed. On the evening of April 19, after thousands of police officers conducted a manhunt in Watertown, Massachusetts, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev was found hiding in a boat in the backyard of a resident. Tsarnaev was shot and taken into custody.{{Cite news |date=April 19, 2013 |title=Photos: Manhunt for Boston Marathon bombing suspects |url=http://galleries.apps.chicagotribune.com/chi-manhunt-for-boston-marathon-suspects-pg/ |access-date=15 April 2024 |work=The Chicago Tribune}} During an interrogation in his hospital bed, Tsarnaev said he and his brother also intended to detonate explosives in New York City's Times Square.{{Cite news |date=April 2013 |title=Boston bombing suspects planned Times Square blasts, Bloomberg says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/04/25/us/boston-attack/index.html |access-date=March 24, 2025}}
Tsarnaev was tried and convicted of 30 counts and was sentenced to death. His death sentence was vacated on appeal in July 2020, but the U.S. Supreme Court reversed that decision in March 2022. As of 2025, he was being held on death row at ADX Florence federal supermax prison in Colorado.{{Cite news |last=Murphy |first=Shelley |date=April 16, 2023 |title=Where the legal battle over Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's death sentence stands a decade after the Marathon bombings |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/04/16/sports/boston-marathon-bombing-dzhokhar-tsarnaev/ |access-date=15 April 2024 |work=The Boston Globe}}
Personal background
=Early life and family=
Dzhokhar Anzorovich Tsarnaev was born on July 22, 1993{{langx|ru|Джоха́р Анзо́рович Царна́ев|link=no}} {{IPA|ru|dʐɐˈxar ɐnˈzorəvʲɪtɕ tsɐrˈna(j)ɪf|}}; {{langx|ce|Царнаев Анзор-кIант ДжовхӀар}} or {{lang|ce-Cyrl|ЖовхӀар}}[http://www.radiomarsho.com/search/?k=ЖовхIар*] {{lang|ce-Latn|Carnayev Anzor-khant Dƶovhar}}; (Kyrgyz: Жохар Анзор уулу Царнаев, Jokhar Anzor uulu Tsarnaev) to Anzor Tsarnaev, a Chechen, and Zubeidat Tsarnaeva, an Avar. His older brother, Tamerlan, was born on October 21, 1986. In the years following World War II, the Tsarnaev family had been forcibly moved from Chechnya by the Soviet Union to the Soviet republic of Kyrgyzstan. Anzor and Zubeidat moved peripatetically across Central Asia during the late 20th century.{{cite news|work=Pacific Standard|title=The Brothers Tsarnaev|first=Peter|last=Vigeron|date=June 14, 2017|orig-date=April 13, 2015|url=https://psmag.com/social-justice/why-did-tamerlan-and-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-attack-the-boston-marathon}} In 1986, they were married in the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic,{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/blogs/under-the-radar/2013/04/boston-bombing-suspects-parents-granted-divorce-in-2011-162313|work=Politico|last=Gerstein|first=Josh|date=April 22, 2013|title=Boston bombing suspects' parents granted divorce in 2011}} and Tamerlan was born there the next day.{{cite news|title=From Boxing Champion to Bombing Suspect|first1=Chris|last1=Kirk|first2=Heather|last2=Brady|url=https://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/map_of_the_week/2013/04/timeline_boston_bombing_suspect_tamerlan_tsarnaev_s_life.html|date=April 25, 2013}} Dzhokhar Tsarnaev was born in either Kyrgyzstan or Dagestan, in the Russian Federation.{{cite news|work=The Guardian|title=Chechnya connections build picture of Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev|first1=Miriam|last1=Elder|first2=Matt|last2=Williams|date=April 19, 2013|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/19/tamerlan-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-boston-bombings-chechnya|quote=Local police, cited in Kyrgyz media, suggest that both were born in Kyrgyzstan. But family members in the US said the younger brother, Dzhokhar, was born in Dagestan.}} The parents also had two daughters. The family raised their children as Muslims; after the attack, a relative described Anzor as a "traditional Muslim" who objected to extremism.{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/boston-bomb-suspect-alarmed-russian-relatives-extremist-views/story?id=19006449#.UXK9G4ImzmI|title=Boston Bomb Suspect Alarmed Russian Relatives With Extremist Views|date=April 20, 2013|first=Kirit|last=Radia|website=ABC News}}
Tsarnaev spent the first years of his life in Kyrgyzstan. In 2001, the family moved to Makhachkala, Dagestan, in the Russian Federation. In April 2002, the Tsarnaev parents and Dzhokhar went to the United States on a 90-day tourist visa. Anzor Tsarnaev successfully{{cite news|newspaper=Washington Post|first1=Peter|last1=Finn|first2=Carol D.|last2=Leonnig|first3=Will|last3=Englund|date=April 19, 2013|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/details-emerge-on-suspected-boston-bombers/2013/04/19/ef2c2566-a8e4-11e2-a8e2-5b98cb59187f_story.html|title=Tsarnaev brothers' homeland was war-torn Chechnya}} applied for asylum, citing fears of deadly persecution due to his ties to Chechnya. Tamerlan had been left in the care of his uncle Ruslan in Kyrgyzstan and arrived in the U.S. about two years later. The parents then filed for asylum for their four children, who received "derivative asylum status". They settled on Norfolk Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where Tamerlan lived until his death.
The family "was in constant transition" for the next decade. Anzor Tsarnaev and Zubeidat Tsarnaeva both received welfare benefits. Anzor worked as a backyard mechanic and Zubeidat worked as a cosmetologist until she lost her job for refusing to work in a business that served men. In March 2007, the family was granted legal permanent residence. Tsarnaev would eventually become a U.S. citizen while in college. Zubeidat also became a U.S. citizen. Tamerlan was unable to naturalize expeditiously because an investigation against him held up the citizenship process.
=Early education=
Tsarnaev attended Cambridgeport Elementary School and Cambridge Community Charter School's middle school program.{{cite news|url=https://www.masslive.com/news/boston/index.ssf/2015/04/dzhokhar_tsarnaevs_friend_i_re.html|title=Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's friend: 'I really miss the person that I knew'|work=Masslive|first=Shira|last=Schoenberg|date=April 29, 2015|access-date=January 25, 2019}} At Cambridge Rindge and Latin School, a public high school, he was an avid wrestler and a Greater Boston League winter all-star. He sometimes worked as a lifeguard at Harvard University.Jared Lucky, [https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/4/19/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-profile-classmates/?page=single "Months Before Marathon Bombing, Suspect Worked as Harvard Lifeguard"], Harvard Crimson (April 19, 2013).
In 2011, Tsarnaev contacted Brian Glyn Williams, a professor at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, who taught a class about Chechen history, expressing his interest in the topic.{{cite news|last=Russell|first=Jenna|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/19/relatives-marathon-bombing-suspects-worried-that-older-brother-was-corrupting-sweet-younger-sibling/UCYHkiP9nfsjAtMjJPWJJL/story.html|title=Two Brothers, Two Paths|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=April 19, 2013|display-authors=etal|access-date=June 21, 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130505000120/http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/19/relatives-marathon-bombing-suspects-worried-that-older-brother-was-corrupting-sweet-younger-sibling/UCYHkiP9nfsjAtMjJPWJJL/story.html|archive-date=May 5, 2013}} He graduated from high school in 2011 and the city of Cambridge awarded him a $2,500 scholarship. His brother's boxing coach, who had not seen them in a few years at the time of the bombings, said that "the young brother was like a puppy dog, following his older brother."{{cite web | url=http://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/national-international/Boston-Bombing-Suspects-are-Russian-Brothers-Officials-Say-203757531.html |title=Brothers' Classic Immigrant Tale Emerges as Relatives Speak Out |first=Jon |last=Schuppe |date=July 1, 2013 |work=NBC News|access-date=April 20, 2023}}{{cite news|title=Brothers Suspected in Boston Bombing Straddled Cultures|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-19/brothers-suspected-in-boston-bombing-straddled-cultures.html|website=Bloomberg News|access-date=April 21, 2013|author1=Esmé E. Deprez|author2=Prashant Gopal|date=April 19, 2013}}
=University education=
Tsarnaev enrolled at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth in September 2011. He majored in marine biology with the intent to become a director but later changed to nursing.{{cite news|url=https://www.boston.com/metrodesk/2013/04/19/bombing-suspect-attended-umass-dartmouth-prompting-school-closure-college-friend-shocked-charge-boston-marathon-bomber/YcEDA5nvNDi0T1jJTNjKiP/story.html|title=Bombing Suspect Attended UMass Dartmouth, Prompting School Closure; College Friend Shocked by Charge He Is Boston Marathon Bomber|website=Boston.com|first1=Sarah |last1=Coffey |first2=Patricia |last2=Wen}}
Tsarnaev was described as "normal" and popular by some fellow students. Others described him as "creepy." His friends said he sometimes smoked marijuana,Matt Stout and Donna Goodison.[http://bostonherald.com/news_opinion/local_coverage/2013/04/dzhokhar_tsarnaev_loves_pot_wrestling_say_friends Dzhokhar Tsarnaev loves pot, wrestling say friends]", Boston Herald, April 20, 2013. liked hip hop, and did not talk about politics.Barney Henderson, "[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10007370/Boston-Marathon-bombs-suspect-captured-April-20-as-it-happened.html Boston Marathon bombs: suspect captured – April 20 as it happened]" Many friends and other acquaintances at first found it inconceivable that he could be one of the two bombers, calling it "completely out of his character".{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/04/19/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-boston-bombing/2095953|title=Details emerge on Boston suspect Dzhokhar Tsarnaev|last=diBlasio|first=Natalia|date=April 19, 2013|newspaper=USA Today|access-date=April 23, 2013}} He was not perceived as foreign, spoke American English without an accent, was sociable, and was described by peers as "[not] 'them'. He was 'us'. He was Cambridge."{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/19/boston-suspect-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-school|title=Boston bombing suspect was 'a lovely, lovely kid'|last=Williams|first=Matt|date=April 19, 2013|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=April 23, 2013|location=London}}
On the Russian-language social-networking site VK, Tsarnaev described his "world view" as "Islam" and his personal priorities as "career and money". He posted links to Islamic websites, links to videos of fighters in the Syrian civil war, and links to pages advocating independence for Chechnya.{{cite web|last=Graff|first=Peter|title=Boston suspect's Web page venerates Islam, Chechen independence|url=http://news.msn.com/us/boston-suspects-web-page-venerates-islam-chechen-independence|website=MSN|access-date=April 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422104630/http://news.msn.com/us/boston-suspects-web-page-venerates-islam-chechen-independence|archive-date=April 22, 2013}} Tsarnaev was also active on Twitter. According to The Economist, he seemed "to have been much more concerned with sport and cheeseburgers than with religion, at least judging by his Twitter feed";{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21576702-killers-are-brought-book-terrible-swift-sword|title=After the marathon bombing: Terrible swift sword|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=April 28, 2013|date=April 27, 2013}} however, according to The Boston Globe, on the day of the 2012 Boston Marathon, a year before the bombings, a post on Tsarnaev's Twitter feed mentioned a Quran verse often used by radical Muslim clerics and propagandists.
In 2012, Arlington Police ran a warrant check on Tsarnaev and checked his green Honda when they were investigating a report of underage drinking at a party in Arlington Heights.{{cite web|last=Curran|first=Kathy|url=http://www.wcvb.com/news/investigative/Marathon-Bombing-suspects-stopped-several-times-by-law-enforcement/-/12520878/19851436/-/rqu1a7/-/index.html|title=Marathon Bombing suspects stopped several times by law enforcement |website=WCVB|date=April 15, 2013|access-date=April 24, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422224334/http://www.wcvb.com/news/investigative/Marathon-Bombing-suspects-stopped-several-times-by-law-enforcement/-/12520878/19851436/-/rqu1a7/-/index.html|archive-date=April 22, 2013}}
At the time of the bombing, Dzhokhar was a sophomore living in the UMass Dartmouth's Pine Dale Hall dorm.{{cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/19/relatives-marathon-bombing-suspects-worried-that-older-brother-was-corrupting-sweet-younger-sibling/UCYHkiP9nfsjAtMjJPWJJL/story.html|title=Two brothers, two paths|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=April 19, 2013|access-date=April 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501090048/http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/19/relatives-marathon-bombing-suspects-worried-that-older-brother-was-corrupting-sweet-younger-sibling/UCYHkiP9nfsjAtMjJPWJJL/story.html|archive-date=May 1, 2013}}{{cite web|last=Chappell|first=Bill|url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/04/20/178112198/the-tsarnaev-brothers-what-we-know-about-the-boston-bombing-suspects|title=The Tsarnaev Brothers: What We Know about the Boston Bombing Suspects: The Two-Way|website=NPR|date=April 20, 2013|access-date=April 20, 2013}} He was struggling academically, having a 1.09 GPA and receiving seven failing grades over three semesters, including Fs in Principles of Modern Chemistry, Introduction to American Politics, and Chemistry and the Environment and had an unpaid bill of $20,000 to the university.{{cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/05/03/umass-dartmouth-establish-independent-task-force-review-policies/53DDPTDDm068LXgNLyVBKL/story.html|title=UMass-Dartmouth to establish independent task force to review policies|newspaper=The Boston Globe|first=Peter |last=Schworm |date=May 4, 2013}} He also sold marijuana.
2013 Boston Marathon bombing and aftermath
{{Main|Boston Marathon bombing}}
The 117th annual Boston Marathon was run on Patriots' Day, April 15, 2013. At {{Nowrap |2:49{{nbsp}}p.m. EDT}} {{Nowrap|(18:49 UTC)}}, two pressure cooker bombs detonated about {{convert|210|yd|m}} apart at the finish line on Boylston Street near Copley Square.{{cite news|url=https://www.boston.com/metrodesk/2013/04/15/explosions-rock-boston-marathon-finish-line-dozens-injured/UyiedznUFjQRjOKwTXuSDL/story.html|title=Explosions rock Boston Marathon finish line; dozens injured|newspaper=The Boston Globe | edition=online|last1=Abel|first1=David|last2=Silva|first2=Steve|last3=Finucane|first3=Martin|date=April 15, 2013|access-date=April 15, 2013}}{{cite news|url=https://www.boston.com/metrodesk/2013/04/16/investigation-boston-marathon-bombings-continues/MiyV94Jle1LoBFHFhkW2NJ/story.html |title=Source: Investigators recover circuit board believed used to detonate Boston Marathon blasts |newspaper=The Boston Globe | edition=online |date=April 16, 2013 |access-date=April 17, 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418084946/http://www.boston.com/metrodesk/2013/04/16/investigation-boston-marathon-bombings-continues/MiyV94Jle1LoBFHFhkW2NJ/story.html |archive-date=April 18, 2013 }}{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/04/15/explosions-finish-line-boston-marathon/2085193/|title=At least 3 dead, 141 injured in Boston Marathon blasts|work=USA Today|access-date=April 26, 2013|date=April 16, 2013|first1=Michael|last1=Winter}}{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/15/us/boston-marathon-explosions|title=Terrorism strikes Boston Marathon as bombs kill 3, wound scores|last1=Levs|first1=Joshua|first2=Monte|last2=Plott|date=April 16, 2013|publisher=CNN|access-date=April 16, 2013}} The explosions killed three spectators and injured 264 others.{{cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/health-wellness/2013/04/23/number-injured-marathon-bombing-revised-downward/NRpaz5mmvGquP7KMA6XsIK/story.html|title=Injury toll from Marathon bombs reduced to 264|quote=Boston public health officials said Tuesday that they have revised downward their estimate of the number of people injured in the Marathon attacks, to 264.|date=April 24, 2013|access-date=April 29, 2013|newspaper=The Boston Globe|last=Kotz|first=Deborah|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331141156/https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/health-wellness/2013/04/23/number-injured-marathon-bombing-revised-downward/NRpaz5mmvGquP7KMA6XsIK/story.html|archive-date=March 31, 2019|url-status=dead}}
Tsarnaev continued to tweet after the bombings, and sent a tweet telling the people of Boston to "stay safe".{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/19/us/massachusetts-bombers-profiles/index.html|title=Boston suspects: An immigrant journey that went off track|website=CNN|access-date=April 20, 2013|date=April 21, 2013}} He returned to his university after the bombing and remained there until April 18, when the FBI released pictures of him and Tamerlan at the marathon. During that time, he used the college gym and slept in his dorm; his friends said that he partied with them after the attacks and looked "relaxed".Yashwant Raj, [http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Chunk-HT-UI-WorldSectionPage-BostonBlast/Boston-bomber-partied-with-friends-after-attack/Article1-1048258.aspx "Boston Bomber Partied with Friends after Attack"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626150311/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Chunk-HT-UI-WorldSectionPage-BostonBlast/Boston-bomber-partied-with-friends-after-attack/Article1-1048258.aspx |date=June 26, 2015}}, Hindustan Times, April 22, 2013.
=Manhunt and additional crimes=
At 5:00{{nbsp}}p.m. on April 18, three days after the bombing, the FBI released images of two suspects carrying backpacks, asking the public's help in identifying them.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/03/04/us/tsarnaev-trial-timeline/index.html|title=Tsarnaev trial: Timeline of the bombings, manhunt and aftermath|first=Ann|last=O'Neill|date=March 4, 2015|website=CNN}} The FBI-released images depicted Dzhokhar and Tamerlan Tsarnaev.
Hours after the FBI released photos of the two suspects in the bombing, Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev visited their family's apartment in Cambridge. There, they obtained five improvised explosive devices (IEDs), ammunition, a semiautomatic handgun, and a machete. The two brothers then drove to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
On April 18, 2013, at 10:25 p.m., the Tsarnaev brothers ambushed Sean A. Collier of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Police Department and shot him six times. Collier died from his injuries. The shooting occurred as part of a failed attempt to steal Collier's gun. The brothers then traveled to the Boston neighborhood of Allston. There, the brothers carjacked an SUV and robbed its owner,"[https://www.boston.com/yourtown/news/allston_brighton/2013/04/in_neighborhood_where_carjacki.html?rss_id=Top+Stories On Allston block where carjacking took place, neighbors say they saw nothing]"' Boston.com. April 26, 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2013. Dun Meng, who said he managed to escape when the Tsarnaevs became momentarily distracted in the process of refueling the car at a cash-only gas station.{{cite web|author=Slane, Kevin|url=https://www.boston.com/culture/entertainment/2016/12/20/tsarnaev-carjacking-survivor-dun-meng-on-why-hes-sharing-his-story-in-patriots-day|title=Tsarnaev carjacking survivor Dun Meng on why he's sharing his story in 'Patriots Day'|website=Boston.com|date=December 20, 2016|access-date=January 31, 2019}} Meng fled to another nearby gas station and contacted the police. Police were then able to track the location of the car through Meng's cellphone and the SUV's anti-theft tracking device.{{cite news|first=Adrian|last=Walker|url=https://www.boston.com/metrodesk/2013/04/25/carjack-victim-recounts-his-harrowing-night/BhQWGzarWee8MZ6KtMHJNN/story.html|title=Carjack victim recounts his harrowing night|website=Boston.com|access-date=April 28, 2013}}
In the early hours of April 19, police found the brothers and a shootout ensued in Watertown. During the gunfight (in which bombs were thrown at responding officers), Dzhokhar Tsarnaev was wounded and Tamerlan was shot a number of times. Dzhokhar escaped by driving the stolen SUV toward the officers who were arresting his brother, and drove over Tamerlan Tsarnaev, dragging him under the SUV about {{convert|30|ft|sigfig=1}} in the process. Tamerlan later died at a nearby hospital. Dzhokhar drove off but abandoned the car about {{convert|1/2|mi|m|sigfig=1}} away and then fled on foot. A Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Police officer was critically injured in the course of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's escape. A manhunt involving thousands of police officers from several nearby towns, as well as state police, FBI, and SWAT teams, searched numerous homes and property in Watertown. Images of squad cars and large black armored vehicles crowding the side streets, as well as videos of residents being led out of their homes at gunpoint, soon flooded social media. The Boston metro area was effectively shut down all day on April 19.{{cite news|title=Boston bomb suspect captured, brother killed|url=http://www.newsleader.com/viewart/20130419/NEWS01/304190002/Boston-bomb-suspect-captured-brother-killed|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130505000043/http://www.newsleader.com/viewart/20130419/NEWS01/304190002/Boston-bomb-suspect-captured-brother-killed|archive-date=May 5, 2013|agency=Associated Press|via=NewsLeader|access-date=April 27, 2013}}
After Tsarnaev's name was published in connection with the bombings, his uncle Ruslan Tsarni, who lives in Montgomery Village, Maryland, pleaded with Tsarnaev through television to turn himself in "and ask for forgiveness", and said that he had shamed the family and the Chechen ethnicity.{{cite news|title=Boston Marathon bombers: suspect Dzhozkar Tsarnaev's uncle Ruslan Tsarni pleads 'turn yourself in'|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10006657/Boston-Marathon-bombers-suspect-Dzhozkar-Tsarnaevs-uncle-Ruslan-Tsarni-pleads-turn-yourself-in.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10006657/Boston-Marathon-bombers-suspect-Dzhozkar-Tsarnaevs-uncle-Ruslan-Tsarni-pleads-turn-yourself-in.html |archive-date=January 12, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|agency=Associated Press|date=April 19, 2013|work=Associated Press|via=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=April 19, 2013|location=London, UK}}{{cbignore}}
=Arrest and detention=
On the evening of April 19, Tsarnaev was discovered wounded in a boat in a Watertown backyard, less than {{convert|1/4|mi|m|sigfig=1}} from where he abandoned the SUV.{{cite news|first1=Jenna|last1=Russell|first2=Thomas|last2=Farragher|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/28/bombreconstruct/VbSZhzHm35yR88EVmVdbDM/story.html|title=102 hours in pursuit of Marathon suspects|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=April 28, 2013|access-date=May 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515010922/http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/28/bombreconstruct/VbSZhzHm35yR88EVmVdbDM/story.html|archive-date=May 15, 2013|url-access=subscription}} David Henneberry, the owner of the boat, had noticed that the cover on the boat was loose. When the "shelter in place" order was lifted, he went outside to investigate.{{cite web|last=Harding|first=Ed|url=http://www.wcvb.com/news/local/metro/Watertown-boat-owner-David-Henneberry-tells-story-of-finding-Boston-Marathon-suspect/-/11971628/19863572/-/mpx0qq/-/index.html|title=Watertown boat owner David Henneberry tells story of finding Boston Marathon suspect|website=WCVB|date=April 24, 2013|access-date=April 28, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427161220/http://www.wcvb.com/news/local/metro/Watertown-boat-owner-David-Henneberry-tells-story-of-finding-Boston-Marathon-suspect/-/11971628/19863572/-/mpx0qq/-/index.html|archive-date=April 27, 2013}} He lifted the tarpaulin, saw a bloodied man, retreated into his house and called 911.{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/20/us/boston-boat-spotter/index.html|title= In the end, Boston bombing suspect is done in by a flapping tarp|first1=Ben|last1=Brumfield|newspaper=CNN|date=April 21, 2013}} Three Boston police officers responded and were soon joined by Waltham police. Tsarnaev's presence and movements were verified through a forward looking infrared thermal imaging device in a State Police helicopter.{{cite news|last=Brian|first=Barrett|title=The Crazy Accurate Thermal Images That Saw Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Through a Boat Tarp|url=https://gizmodo.com/476668649|newspaper=Gizmodo|date=April 20, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402102136/http://gizmodo.com/476668649|archive-date=April 2, 2015}} After he was observed pushing up at the tarp on the boat, Boston police began firing but were stopped by the superintendent on the scene.{{cite web|first=Evan|last=Allen|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/22/boston-police-superintendent-recounts-officers-long-search-tense-final-confrontation/J9Cfhro6itly2uc9QFnmIK/story.html|title=Boston police superintendent recounts officers' long search, tense final confrontation|website=The Boston Globe|date=April 23, 2013|access-date=April 28, 2013}}{{cite news|last=Ngowi|first=Rodrique|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/lawmakers-ask-who-knew-what-about-bomb-suspect|title=Officials: Suspect described plot before Miranda|website=Associated Press|access-date=April 29, 2013|archive-date=April 27, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427041950/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/lawmakers-ask-who-knew-what-about-bomb-suspect}} Though there were initial reports of a shootout between police and Tsarnaev, and that Tsarnaev had attempted suicide via gunshot, officials later said that he was unarmed when captured.{{cite news|last=Dozier|first=Kimberley|title=Officials: Suspect described plot before Miranda|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/lawmakers-ask-who-knew-what-about-bomb-suspect|access-date=April 25, 2013|newspaper=AP/The Big Story|date=April 25, 2013|archive-date=April 27, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427041950/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/lawmakers-ask-who-knew-what-about-bomb-suspect}}{{cite news|url=http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2013/04/22/inside-boston-manhunts-end-game|title=Inside Boston manhunt's end game|website=CNN|date=April 22, 2013|access-date=April 28, 2013|archive-date=April 25, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425210634/http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2013/04/22/inside-boston-manhunts-end-game/}}
In an image broadcast on the night of the arrest, Tsarnaev was shown stepping out of the boat.{{cite news|title=Photo of suspect caught on boat in backyard|url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/video/photo-suspect-caught-boat-backyard-051109579-cbs.html|work=CBS News|via=Yahoo! News}} Tsarnaev was "hauled down to the grassy ground" by SWAT officer Jeff Campbell and handcuffed by SWAT officer Saro Thompson.
Tsarnaev, who had been shot and was bleeding badly from wounds to his left ear, neck and thigh,{{cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/28/bombreconstruct/VbSZhzHm35yR88EVmVdbDM/story.html|title=102 hours in pursuit of Marathon bombing suspects - Metro - The Boston Globe|work=BostonGlobe.com|access-date=June 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621193920/http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/04/28/bombreconstruct/VbSZhzHm35yR88EVmVdbDM/story.html|archive-date=June 21, 2017}} was taken into federal custody. He was transported to Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, in Boston, where he was treated in the intensive-care unit. He was in serious but stable condition. According to one of the nurses, he cried for two days straight after waking up. According to a doctor that treated him, Tsarnaev had a skull-base fracture, as well as injuries to the middle ear, a portion of his C1 vertebra, the pharynx, and the mouth; he also had a soft tissue injury and a small vascular injury.{{cite web|title=Boston bombing suspect Tsarnaev had gunshot wounds to the mouth, extremities|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/boston-bombing-suspect-tsarnaev-had-gunshot-wounds-mouth-extremities-flna6c10957610|work=NBC News|access-date=April 20, 2023|first=Matthew|last=DeLuca|date=August 20, 2013 }}
=Interrogation=
Tsarnaev was questioned by a federal High-Value Interrogation Group, a special counterterrorism group composed of members of the FBI, CIA and Department of Defense that was created to question high-value detainees.{{cite web|work=Marshall Project|title=Tending to Tsarnaev|last=Schwartzapfel|first=Beth|date=March 11, 2015|url=https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/03/11/tending-to-tsarnaev}}{{cite news|url=http://newyork.newsday.com/news/nation/suspected-bombers-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-tamerlan-tsarnaev-plot-difficult-for-law-enforcement-to-detect-1.5114258|title=Suspected bombers Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, plot difficult for law enforcement to detect|newspaper=Bloomberg|date=April 21, 2013|access-date=April 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421211113/http://newyork.newsday.com/news/nation/suspected-bombers-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-tamerlan-tsarnaev-plot-difficult-for-law-enforcement-to-detect-1.5114258|archive-date=April 21, 2013}}{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/20/boston-bombers-mosque-cambridge_n_3125192.html|title=Boston Bomber Suspects Had Attended Cambridge Mosque, Officials Say|website=Huffington Post|access-date=April 21, 2013|date=April 20, 2013|first=Jaweed|last=Kaleem}}{{cite news|url=http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/04/19/17823265-we-got-him-boston-bombing-suspect-captured-alive?lite|title='We Got Him!': Boston Bombing Suspect Captured Alive|website=NBC News|date=April 21, 2012|access-date=April 20, 2013}} Questioned without being provided a Miranda warning,{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/22/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-miranda_n_3134745.html|title=Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Receives Miranda Rights after Delay for Public Safety Exception|newspaper=Huffington Post|date=April 22, 2013|access-date=April 23, 2013|first=Luke|last=Johnson}} Tsarnaev wrote his answers to the team's questions in a notebook, as a tracheostomy rendered him unable to speak.{{cite news|first=Alyssa|last=Newcomb|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/authorities-boston-bombing-suspect-responding-questions-writing/story?id=19009283#.UXSPHWOnbD0|title=Authorities: Boston Bombing Suspect Is Responding to Questions in Writing|newspaper=ABC News|date=April 21, 2012|access-date=April 22, 2013}}{{cite news|last=Barrett|first=Devlin|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324493704578434893975585744|title=Search for Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Over, Focus Shifts to Marathon Bombing Investigation|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=April 21, 2013}}{{cite news|title=For Boston Marathon Bombing Suspects, Question May Be Who Led Whom|url=http://www.silive.com/news/index.ssf/2013/04/for_bombing_suspects_question.html|agency=Associated Press|via=SILive.com|date=April 21, 2013|access-date=April 21, 2013}}
After initial interrogations, officials announced that it was clear the attack was religiously motivated, but that so far there was no evidence that the brothers had any ties to Islamic terror organizations.{{cite news|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Boston-Marathon-bomb-suspect-charged/tabid/417/articleID/295221/Default.aspx|newspaper=3 News NZ|title=Bombers 'motivated by religion'|date=April 23, 2013|access-date=April 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404152905/http://www.3news.co.nz/Boston-Marathon-bomb-suspect-charged/tabid/417/articleID/295221/Default.aspx|archive-date=April 4, 2014}} Officials also said that Dzhokhar acknowledged his role in the bombings and told interrogators that he and Tamerlan were motivated by extremist Islamic beliefs{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/24/us/boston-marathon-bombing-developments.html |title=Boston Suspects Are Seen as Self-Taught and Fueled by Web |work=The New York Times |date=April 23, 2013 |access-date=February 21, 2014 |first1=Michael |last1=Cooper |first2=Michael S. |last2=Schmidt |first3=Eric |last3=Schmitt}} and the U.S. wars in Afghanistan and Iraq to carry out the bombing.{{cite news|title=Boston bombing suspect cites U.S. wars as motivation, officials say|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/boston-bombing-suspect-cites-us-wars-as-motivation-officials-say/2013/04/23/324b9cea-ac29-11e2-b6fd-ba6f5f26d70e_story.html|author=Wilson, Scott|date=April 23, 2013|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=April 23, 2013|display-authors=etal}}{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/23/us/boston-attack/ |title=Official: Suspect says Iraq, Afghanistan drove Boston bombings|website=CNN|first=Michael|last=Pearson|date=April 23, 2013|access-date=April 23, 2013}} Dzhokhar admitted during questioning that he and his brother were planning to detonate explosives in New York City's Times Square. The brothers formed the plan spontaneously during the April 18 carjacking, but things went awry after the vehicle ran low on gas and they forced the driver to stop at a gas station, where he escaped.{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/25/us/boston-attack/index.html?hpt=hp_t1|title=Boston bombing suspects planned Times Square blasts, NYC mayor says|website=CNN|first1=Ben |last1=Brumfield|first2=Josh|last2=Levs|date=April 25, 2013|access-date=April 25, 2013}} Dzhokhar says he was inspired by online videos from imam Anwar al-Awlaki,{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324582004578459574033933556 |title=Boston Suspects Inspired by Muslim Cleric |website=The Wall Street Journal |date=May 4, 2013 |last1=Barrett |first1=Devlin |last2=Levitz |first2=Jennifer}} who also inspired Faisal Shahzad, who attempted a car bombing in 2010 in Times Square.{{cite news|last=McElroy|first=Damien|title=Times Square bomb suspect had links to terror preacher|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/7691929/Times-Square-bomb-suspect-had-links-to-terror-preacher.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/7691929/Times-Square-bomb-suspect-had-links-to-terror-preacher.html |archive-date=January 12, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=September 23, 2013|newspaper=Telegraph|date=May 7, 2010|location=London}}{{cbignore}}
Investigators found no evidence that Tsarnaev was involved in any jihadist activities, and, according to The Wall Street Journal, came to believe that unlike his brother Tamerlan, Dzhokhar "was never truly radicalized".[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324031404578483271912752356?mod=googlenews_wsj Suspect Raised No Red Flags], The Wall Street Journal, May 15, 2013 Examinations of his computers did not reveal frequent visits to jihad websites, expressions of violent Islamist rhetoric or other suspicious activities. Some law enforcement officials told the WSJ that Tsarnaev "better fit[s] the psychological profile of an ordinary criminal than a committed terrorist".
During CBS This Morning on May 16, 2013, CBS News senior correspondent John Miller said he had been told that while Tsarnaev was hiding in the boat, he wrote a note claiming responsibility for the April 15 attack during the marathon. The note was scribbled with a pen on one of the inside walls of the cabin and said the bombings were payback for the U.S. military actions in Afghanistan and Iraq, and referred to the Boston victims as collateral damage, the same way Muslims have been in the American-led wars. He continued, "When you attack one Muslim, you attack all Muslims." He also said he did not mourn his brother's death because now Tamerlan was a martyr in paradise and that he (Dzhokhar) expected to join him in paradise. Miller's sources said the wall the note was written on had multiple bullet holes in it from the shots that were fired into the boat by police. According to Miller, the note painted a clear picture of the brothers' motive "consistent with what he told investigators while he was in custody".{{cite news|title=Suspect: Boston payback for hits on Muslims|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/16/us/boston-bombing-investigation/index.html?hpt=hp_t2|work=CNN|first=Susan|last=Candiotti|access-date=May 16, 2013|date=May 17, 2013}}{{cite web|title=Bombing suspect left note inside boat|url=http://www.wpri.com/dpp/news/local_news/se_mass/sources-bombing-suspect-left-note-in-boat-he-hid-in|website=WPRI-TV|access-date=May 16, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522132631/http://www.wpri.com/dpp/news/local_news/se_mass/sources-bombing-suspect-left-note-in-boat-he-hid-in|archive-date=May 22, 2013}} Photographs of the note were eventually released by prosecutors in March 2015.{{cite news |last=Levenson |first=Eric |date=March 10, 2015 |title=Here's the Note Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Wrote Inside the Boat Where He Was Captured |url=https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2015/03/10/heres-the-note-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-wrote-inside-the-boat-where-he-was-captured/ |work=Boston.com |access-date=April 8, 2023}}
On April 26, Tsarnaev was transported by U.S. Marshals to the Federal Medical Center, Devens,{{Cite web |title=Boston bomb suspect in small cell with steel door |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/04/28/boston-suspect-detention/2118693/ |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}} a United States federal prison near Boston for male inmates requiring specialized or long-term medical or mental health care. He was held in solitary confinement and restricted to one three-page letter and one telephone call per week.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/15/us/marathon-bombing-suspect-waits-in-isolation.html|title=Marathon Bombing Suspect Waits in Isolation|date=April 14, 2014|first1=Michael|last1=Wines|first2=Serge F.|last2=Kovaleski|newspaper=New York Times}}
Criminal proceedings and conviction
On April 22, Tsarnaev was charged via a complaint with "using and conspiring to use a weapon of mass destruction resulting in death" and with "malicious destruction of properties resulting in death", both in connection with the Boston Marathon attacks.{{cite news|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-explosions-boston-status/what-next-for-boston-bombing-suspect-idUSBRE93L1B720130423|last=Dye|first=Jessica|date=April 22, 2013|title=What next for Boston bombing suspect?}}{{cite news|work=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/06/03/us/boston-marathon-terror-attack-fast-facts/index.html|title=Boston Marathon Terror Attack Fast Facts|date=April 7, 2023}} He was read his Miranda rights at his bedside by a federal magistrate judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts, nodded his head to answer the judge's questions, and answered "no" when asked whether he could afford a lawyer. After being read his Miranda rights, Tsarnaev stopped talking and declined to continue to cooperate with the investigation.
In June 2013, Tsarnaev was indicted by a federal grand jury on 30 charges.{{cite news|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/06/27/196282662/boston-bombing-suspect-charged-with-killing-4|first1=Bill|last1=Chappell|first2=Eyder|last2=Peralta|title=Boston Bombing Suspect Indicted; Could Face Death Penalty|date=June 27, 2013}} Some of the charges were death-penalty eligible.{{cite news|author=Sari Horwitz, Jenna Johnson and Kathy Lally|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/alleged-bombers-aunt-tamerlan-tsarnaev-was-religious-but-not-radical/2013/04/22/ca8f3214-ab5c-11e2-a198-99893f10d6dd_story.html|title=Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Charged with Using 'Weapon of Mass Destruction'|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=April 22, 2011|access-date=April 23, 2013}}
Middlesex County prosecutors also brought criminal charges against Tsarnaev for the murder of Sean Collier. A surveillance camera at MIT captured the brothers approaching Collier's car from behind.{{cite news|title=Middlesex County prosecutors building murder case against Dzhokhar Tsarnaev in officer's slaying |url=https://boston.com/metrodesk/2013/04/25/middlesex-county-prosecutors-building-murder-case-against-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-officer-slaying/Z5ERGSAAeLeMaDTpsdLIjK/story.html |website=Boston.com |first=Todd |last=Feathers |date=April 25, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426182245/http://boston.com/metrodesk/2013/04/25/middlesex-county-prosecutors-building-murder-case-against-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-officer-slaying/Z5ERGSAAeLeMaDTpsdLIjK/story.html |archive-date=April 26, 2013 }}
Tsarnaev's arraignment for 30 charges, including four counts of murder, occurred on July 10, 2013, in federal court in Boston before U.S. magistrate judge Marianne Bowler. It was his first public court appearance. He pleaded not guilty to all 30 counts against him, which included using and conspiring to use a weapon of mass destruction resulting in death.
On January 30, 2014, United States Attorney General Eric Holder announced that the federal government would seek the death penalty against Tsarnaev.
Prosecutors initially argued that Tsarnaev's pre-Miranda statements should be admissible, invoking Miranda
In January 2015, CNN reported that plea negotiations had failed when the government refused to rule out the possibility of the death penalty.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/01/05/politics/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-trial-plea-deal-fails/index.html|title=Boston bombing trial lawyers fail to reach plea deal | CNN Politics|first=Evan|last=Perez|date=January 5, 2015|website=CNN}}
=Trial=
{{Main|Trial of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev}}
==Guilt phase==
The trial began on January 5, 2015. Tsarnaev was prosecuted by assistant U.S. attorneys William Weinreb and Aloke Chakravarty, of the Anti-Terrorism and National Security Unit of the U.S. Attorney's Office in Boston. His defense team included federal public defender Miriam Conrad,{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-20/boston-bomb-suspect-to-be-represented-by-federal-public-defender.html|work=Bloomberg|title=Boston Bomb Suspect Gets Public Defender as Charges Loom}} William Fick,{{cite news|url=http://forward.com/articles/175605/justice-for-dzokhar-tsarnaev-and-the-rest-of-us/?p=all |title=Justice for Dzokhar Tsarnaev — and the Rest of Us |first=Laura |last=Rozen |date=April 29, 2013 |work=The Jewish Daily Forward}} and Judy Clarke.{{cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/prominent-death-penalty-lawyer-judy-clarke-appointed-boston-215218922.html |title=Prominent death penalty lawyer Judy Clarke appointed for Boston Marathon bombing suspect |agency=Associated Press|date=April 29, 2013 |via=Yahoo News}} Tsarnaev pleaded not guilty to all thirty charges laid against him. Judge George O'Toole presided over the trial. Tsarnaev's attorney, Judy Clarke, admitted in her opening statement that Tsarnaev committed the acts in question but sought to avert the death penalty by asserting that his brother Tamerlan had influenced and manipulated him.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/boston-bombing-trial/bombing-trial-shifts-tsarnaevs-efforts-avoid-execution-n332251|title=Bombing Trial Shifts to Tsarnaev's Efforts to Avoid Execution|date=March 30, 2015|website=NBC News}} Counter-terrorism expert Matthew Levitt gave testimony in March 2015.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/tsarnaev-lawyers-hope-to-blunt-testimony-on-computer-content/|title=Tsarnaev Lawyer Aggressively Questions FBI Computer Expert|date=March 23, 2015|website=www.cbsnews.com}}
On April 8, 2015, Tsarnaev was found guilty on all thirty counts of the indictment. The charges of usage of a weapon of mass destruction resulting in death, in addition to aiding and abetting, made Tsarnaev eligible for the death penalty.
==Sentencing phase==
During the sentencing phase, the jury heard from victims of the bombing and Tsarnaev's friends and relatives.{{cite news|work=NPR|title=Death Penalty For Boston Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev|first1=Krishnadev|last1=Calamur|first2=Eyder|last2=Peralta|date=May 15, 2015|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/05/15/406994360/jury-reaches-verdict-in-boston-marathon-bomber-trial}}{{efn|The state of Massachusetts eliminated the death penalty for state crimes in 1984. However, because Tsarnaev was tried by the federal government, he is eligible for execution.{{cite news|title=Boston bombing trial: Death sentence for Dzhokhar Tsarnaev|date=May 16, 2015|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-32757790}}}} Tsarnaev, who had displayed little emotion throughout his trial, appeared to weep when his relatives testified on his behalf on May 4, 2015.{{cite web |title= Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Weeps as Relatives Try to Spare Him |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/05/us/russian-relatives-weep-as-jury-is-urged-to-spare-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-in-the-boston-marathon-bombing-trial.html |first=Katherine Q. |last=Seelye |date= May 4, 2015|access-date=May 15, 2015| newspaper=The New York Times}} Bill and Denise Richard, parents of Martin Richard (the youngest of the three killed in the bombings and one of the two people killed by Dzhokhar's bomb, the other person being Chinese-exchange student Lingzi Lu), urged against a death sentence for Tsarnaev. They stated that the lengthy appeals period would force them to continually relive that day, and would rather see Tsarnaev spend life in prison without parole (possibility of release), and waive his right to appeal.
On May 15, 2015, the jury sentenced Tsarnaev to death by lethal injection on six of 17 capital counts.{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/jury-reaches-verdict-boston-marathon-bombing-penalty-phase/story?id=31067121|title=Boston Marathon Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Sentenced to Death|website=ABC News|date=May 15, 2015}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/boston-bombing-victims-react-tsarnaev-death-sentence|title=Boston bombing victims react to Tsarnaev death sentence|date=May 15, 2015|website=PBS NewsHour}} According to the verdict forms completed by the jurors, three of 12 believed that Tsarnaev had taken part in the attack under his brother's influence; two believed that he had been remorseful for his actions;{{cite news|last=Seelye|first=Katharine Q.|title=Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Given Death Penalty in Boston Marathon Bombing|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 15, 2015|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/16/us/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-death-sentence.html}} two believed that Tamerlan, not Dzhokhar, had shot and killed Officer Collier; three believed that his friends still care about him; one believed that Tsarnaev's mother, Zubeidat Tsarnaeva, was to be blamed for the brothers' actions; one believed that Tsarnaev would never be violent again in prison.
On June 24, 2015, Tsarnaev faced his living victims in court as his death sentence was formally delivered. Victims and their families were able to present impact statements to the court, and Tsarnaev, who had been silent throughout his month-long trial, admitted to carrying out the bombings and apologized to the injured and bereaved.{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/06/24/us/tsarnaev-boston-marathon-bombing-death-sentencing/ |title=Boston bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev says he's sorry |author1=Ann O'Neill |author2=Aaron Cooper |author3=Ray Sanchez |date=June 24, 2015 |work=CNN}}
= Imprisonment =
File:Florence ADMAX.jpg, the prison housing Tsarnaev]]
The following morning, on June 25, 2015, Tsarnaev was transferred from Federal Medical Center, Devens to the United States Penitentiary, Florence High in Colorado. As of July 17, 2015, Tsarnaev had been transferred to United States Penitentiary Florence Administrative Maximum Facility (ADX Florence).{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/boston-marathon-bomber-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-transferred-to-colorado-prison/|title=Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev transferred to Colorado prison|date=June 25, 2015 |website=CBS News}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/07/17/boston-marathon-bomber-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-transferred-supermax-prison/Hr1P3mAbl5Foxbc0uyUvKL/story.html|title=Dzhokhar Tsarnaev transferred to Supermax prison|first=Milton J.|last=Valencia|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=July 17, 2015|access-date=July 20, 2015}} A Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) spokesperson stated that "unique security management requirements" caused the agency to place Tsarnaev in Colorado instead of United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute, Indiana, where male death-row inmates are normally held.{{cite web|url=http://wthitv.com/2015/06/26/why-tsarnaev-was-not-sent-to-terre-haute/|title=Why Tsarnaev was not sent to Terre Haute|work=WTHI-TV|date=June 26, 2015|access-date=December 13, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222101435/http://wthitv.com/2015/06/26/why-tsarnaev-was-not-sent-to-terre-haute/|archive-date=December 22, 2015|first=Jon|last=Swaner}}
According to The Guardian, in June 2016, Al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri issued a threat to the United States warning of the "gravest consequences" should Tsarnaev be harmed.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jul/01/al-qaida-boston-marathon-bomber-tsarnaev-execution|title=Al-Qaida leader: 'grave consequences' for US if Boston bomber executed|first=Alan|last=Yuhas|date=July 1, 2016|newspaper=The Guardian}} Al-Zawahiri has since died, having been killed by the CIA on July 31, 2022.
In December 2024, when President Joe Biden announced commutations for the death sentences of 37 out of 40 federal death row inmates to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole, he excluded Tsarnaev, along with Dylann Roof, who committed the 2015 Charleston church shooting, and Robert Gregory Bowers, who committed the 2018 Pittsburgh synagogue shooting, because of their convictions for either terrorism or hate-motivated mass murder–related crimes.{{Cite web|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/united-states/biden-commutes-37-death-sentences-in-latest-use-of-pardon-power|title=Biden commutes 37 death sentences in latest use of pardon power|work=The Straits Times |date=December 23, 2024|location=Singapore }}{{Cite news |last=Farhi |first=Arden |date=December 23, 2024 |title=Biden commutes sentences of 37 of 40 federal death row inmates to life in prison without possibility of parole |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-commutes-sentences-37-of-40-federal-death-row-inmates/ |access-date=December 23, 2024 |work=CBS News}}
=Appeals=
{{Main|United States v. Tsarnaev}}
Tsarnaev appealed his sentence on the grounds that the trial should not have been held in Boston, that there were errors in jury selection and that the judge improperly excluded evidence that Tamerlan Tsarnaev and another man, Ibragim Todashev, committed a prior triple murder in Waltham on September 11, 2011, arguing that such evidence would suggest that Dzhokhar Tsarnaev acted under the influence of Tamerlan Tsarnaev and was possibly fearful of what would happen to him if he refused.{{Cite news |date=December 12, 2019 |title=Boston Marathon Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's Defense Argues He Didn't Get Fair Trial |url=https://boston.cbslocal.com/2019/12/12/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-boston-marathon-bombing-trial-appeal/ |access-date=June 11, 2020 |work=CBS Boston}}
The appeal was heard by a three-judge panel of the First Circuit on December 12, 2019. On July 31, 2020, the First Circuit overturned the death sentence and three of the other convictions, agreeing that the judge failed to determine how much the potential jurors had been aware of the event during jury selection, and ordered a retrial with a new jury for the penalty phase of his trial. Tsarnaev remained in prison from multiple life sentences carried by the other uncontested convictions.{{Cite news|date=July 31, 2020|title=Court overturns Boston Marathon bomber's death sentence|url=https://apnews.com/af38a703ab88fe922629dcc254cb41df|access-date=July 31, 2020|work=Associated Press|last=Durkin Richer|first=Alanna}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/31/us/boston-marathon-bomber-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-sentence-vacated/index.html|title=Appeals court vacates Boston Marathon bomber's death sentence, orders new penalty trial|first=Sonia|last=Monge|date=July 31, 2020|access-date=August 1, 2020|work=CNN}}{{Cite news |last=Andersen |first=Travis |date=July 31, 2020 |title=Federal appeals court vacates Tsarnaev death sentence, orders new penalty-phase trial |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2020/07/31/metro/federal-appeals-court-tosses-tsarnaev-death-sentence-orders-new-penalty-phase-trial/ |access-date=July 31, 2020 |work=The Boston Globe |quote=... 'just to be crystal clear ... Dzhokhar will remain confined to prison for the rest of his life, ... .'}} U.S. Circuit Judge O. Rogeriee Thompson, who wrote the opinion, clarified the ruling of the court. She stated, "Make no mistake: Dzhokhar will spend his remaining days locked up in prison, with the only matter remaining being whether he will die by execution."{{Cite news|last=Raymond|first=Nate|date=July 31, 2020|title=Boston Marathon Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's Death Sentence Overturned by Appeals Court|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/top-news/articles/2020-07-31/boston-marathon-bomber-wins-death-penalty-appeal|access-date=August 2, 2020|work=U.S. News & World Report}}
On March 22, 2021, the Supreme Court agreed to consider an appeal from the Department of Justice,{{Cite news|date=March 22, 2021|title=Supreme Court agrees to hear case over death penalty for Boston Marathon bomber|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/supreme-court-tsarnaev-death-sentence-boston-marathon-bomber|access-date=April 26, 2021|work=CBS News|last=Quinn|first=Melissa}} and on October 13, 2021, the Department of Justice presented arguments in favor of reinstating the death penalty for Tsarnaev.{{Cite news |last=Boboltz |first=Sara |date=October 13, 2021 |title=Supreme Court Skeptical Of Arguments For Boston Bomber Death Sentence |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/scotus-boston-bomber-death-penalty-hearing_n_6165f09de4b065a5496d0446 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211013164530/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/scotus-boston-bomber-death-penalty-hearing_n_6165f09de4b065a5496d0446 |archive-date=October 13, 2021 |access-date=October 13, 2021 |work=HuffPost}} The Supreme Court ruled on March 4, 2022, in a 6–3 decision, that the First Circuit improperly vacated the death sentence that Tsarnaev had been given. The Court reversed the First Circuit's decision, reinstating the death penalty.{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-boston-marathon-bomber-supreme-court-reinstates-death-sentence/|title=Supreme Court Reinstates Death Sentence For Boston Marathon Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev|date=March 4, 2022|work=CBS News}}
Tsarnaev asked the First Circuit Court of Appeals to consider four constitutional claims that had not been considered by the Supreme Court.{{cite news|work=Associated Press|url=https://apnews.com/article/us-supreme-court-boston-executions-bombings-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-af3ca1e72cb697905daa5090fa990418|title=Boston Marathon bomber again tries to avoid execution|date=April 8, 2022}} On January 10, 2023, the First Circuit heard the matter. Tsarnaev's attorneys argued that jurors in the case had lied about prior discussions of the case on Twitter and Facebook. The jurors, the attorneys say, claimed to have never discussed the case on social media, whereas the attorneys say the jurors actually did participate in discussions showing a strong bias against Tsarnaev. Tsarnaev's attorneys argued this lack of disclosure should have disqualified the jurors from serving.{{cite news|last=Richer|first=Alanna|agency=Associated Press|url=https://www.wpri.com/new-england/massachusetts/court-weighs-tossing-boston-marathon-bombers-death-sentence/|title=Court weighs tossing Boston marathon bomber's death sentence|work=WPRI|date=January 10, 2023|access-date=May 4, 2023}} In March 2024, the First Circuit ruled that the trial judge had not adequately investigated the claims of juror bias, and sent the case back to the trial court with instructions for the trial judge to investigate the defense's claims and determine whether Tsarnaev's death sentence should stand.{{Cite news |date=2024-03-21 |title=Appeals court orders judge to probe claims of juror bias in Boston Marathon bomber's case |url=https://www.pressherald.com/2024/03/21/appeals-court-orders-judge-to-probe-claims-of-juror-bias-in-boston-marathon-bombers-case/ |access-date=2024-03-23 |work=Portland Press Herald}} Tsarnaev is one of only three men whose federal death sentences were not commuted by President Biden.{{cite web |last1=Bogel-Burroughs |first1=Nicholas |title=The Three Death Row Prisoners Biden Chose Not to Spare |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/23/us/death-row-biden-commutation.html |work=The New York Times |date=December 23, 2024 |access-date=23 December 2024}}
Media coverage
File:Rolling Stone Cover with Boston Bomber.jpg
Tsarnaev was the subject of a cover story for an August 2013 issue of Rolling Stone entitled "The Bomber: How a Popular, Promising Student Was Failed by His Family, Fell into Radical Islam and Became a Monster." The magazine drew heavy criticism for the flattering photo of Tsarnaev on the issue's cover. Boston Mayor Tom Menino wrote that the cover "rewards a terrorist with celebrity treatment." Massachusetts State Police sergeant Sean Murphy said that "glamorizing the face of terror is not just insulting to the family members of those killed in the line of duty; it also could be an incentive to those who may be unstable to do something to get their face on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine".{{cite web|author=Wolfson, John|title=The Real Face of Terror: Behind the Scenes Photos of the Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Manhunt|url=http://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/blog/2013/07/18/tsarnaev/|date=July 18, 2013|newspaper=Boston|access-date=April 12, 2015|archive-date=October 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024045856/http://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/blog/2013/07/18/tsarnaev/}} The New York Times used the same photo on their front page in May 2013,{{cite news|title=Rolling Stone puts Boston bombing suspect on cover, ignites firestorm|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/17/studentnews/tsarnaev-rolling-stone-cover/index.html|website=CNN|access-date=July 17, 2013|date=July 18, 2013}} but did not draw criticism. Rolling Stone columnist Matt Taibbi criticized those who took offense at the cover, arguing that they associated Rolling Stone with glamour instead of news,{{cite magazine|first=Matt|last=Taibbi|author-link=Matt Taibbi|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/explaining-the-rolling-stone-cover-by-a-boston-native-73840/|title=Explaining the Rolling Stone Cover, by a Boston Native|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=July 19, 2013|access-date=April 23, 2014}} stating that The New York Times did not draw the criticism that Rolling Stone did "because everyone knows the Times is a news organization. Not everyone knows that about Rolling Stone ..."
The editors of Rolling Stone posted the following response:
:Our hearts go out to the victims of the Boston Marathon bombing, and our thoughts are always with them and their families. The cover story we are publishing this week falls within the traditions of journalism and Rolling Stone{{'}}s long-standing commitment to serious and thoughtful coverage of the most important political and cultural issues of our day. The fact that Dzhokhar Tsarnaev is young, and in the same age group as many of our readers, makes it all the more important for us to examine the complexities of this issue and gain a more complete understanding of how a tragedy like this happens. –THE EDITORS{{cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/jahars-world-20130717|title=Jahar's World|last=Reitman|first=Janet|magazine=Rolling Stone}}
CVS Pharmacy{{cite web|title=Rolling Stone's controversial Dzhokhar Tsarnaev cover ignites heated debate|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2013/jul/17/rolling-stone-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-cover|newspaper=The Guardian|date=July 17, 2013|access-date=August 30, 2013|first=Adam|last=Gabbatt}} and other retailers announced that they would no longer sell the issue.{{cite web|title=Several Stores Decide Not to Carry Rolling Stone Featuring Bombing Suspect|url=http://www.wggb.com/2013/07/17/cvs-tedeschi-stores-decide-not-to-carry-rolling-stone-featuring-bombing-suspect/|website=WGGB-TV|access-date=August 30, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721011842/http://www.wggb.com/2013/07/17/cvs-tedeschi-stores-decide-not-to-carry-rolling-stone-featuring-bombing-suspect/|archive-date=July 21, 2013}}
Adweek magazine ranked the cover the "hottest" of the year after it doubled newsstand sales to 120,000.{{cite news|url=https://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/2013/12/04/adweek-hot-list-2013-dzhokhar-tsarnaev/|title=The Dzhokhar Tsarnaev 'Rolling Stone' Cover Won Adweek's 'Hottest Cover of the Year'|date=December 4, 2013|access-date=April 20, 2023|first=Steve|last=Annear}} The cover photo was taken by Tsarnaev himself, not a professional photographer.{{Cite web| url = http://themoderatevoice.com/184412/does-rolling-stone-cover-glamorize-boston-bomber-dzhokhar-tsarnaev/| title = Does Rolling Stone Cover Glamorize Boston Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev?| first = Joe| last = Gandelman| date = July 17, 2013| website = The Moderate Voice| location = San Diego, CA, US| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140725154730/http://themoderatevoice.com/184412/does-rolling-stone-cover-glamorize-boston-bomber-dzhokhar-tsarnaev/| archive-date= July 25, 2014| url-status = live| access-date = May 3, 2015}}
See also
Notes
=Explanatory notes=
{{notelist}}
=Citations=
{{Reflist | 30em | refs =
|title=United States vs. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, Case 1:13-mj-02106-MBB Criminal Complaint (with FBI affidavit)
|website=United States Department of Justice
|date=April 21, 2013
|url=https://www.justice.gov/iso/opa/resources/363201342213441988148.pdf
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414183610/http://www.justice.gov/iso/opa/resources/363201342213441988148.pdf
|archive-date=April 14, 2014
|access-date=May 3, 2015
|quote=Based on the foregoing, there is probable cause to believe that on or about April 15, 2013, DZHOKHAR TSARNAEV violated 18 U.S.C. § 2332a (using and conspiring to use a weapon of mass destruction, resulting in death) and 18 U.S.C. § 844(i) (malicious destruction of property by means of an explosive device, resulting in death).
}}
{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/interactive/2013/06/us/tsarnaev-indictment/index.html |date=June 27, 2013 |title=Indictment against Boston bombing suspect |website=CNN}}
{{cite news|url= https://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/2013/05/06/bullet-that-nearly-killed-mbta-police-officer-watertown-gunfight-appears-have-been-friendly-fire/KH9zN91vCDy7gOynKPBymL/story.html |title=Bullet that nearly killed MBTA police officer in Watertown gunfight appears to have been friendly fire |work=Boston.com |first=Sean P. |last=Murphy |date=May 6, 2013}}
{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/21/us/tamerlan-tsarnaev-timeline|title=Timeline: A look at Tamerlan Tsarnaev's past|website=CNN |date=April 21, 2013|access-date=April 21, 2013}}
| url = http://wgbhnews.org/post/two-hours-ruslan-tsarni-alleged-boston-marathon-bombers-uncle
| title = Two Hours With Ruslan Tsarni, the Alleged Boston Marathon Bombers' Uncle
| first = Phillip
| last = Martin
| date = June 6, 2013
| access-date = April 10, 2015
| website= WGBH-TV
}}
{{cite news|last=Kaleem|first=Jaweed|title=Boston Bombing Suspects' Muslim Identity Provides Few Clues To Motivation For Bombing|website=Huffington Post |date=April 19, 2013|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/19/boston-bombing-suspects-muslim_n_3116299.html|access-date=April 19, 2013}}
{{cite news|last=Noronha|first=Charmaine|title=Aunt says US suspect recently became devout Muslim|work=Huffington Post|date=April 19, 2013|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20130419/cn-canada-boston-marathon-suspects-aunt/#|access-date=April 19, 2013}}
{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/jahars-world-20130717|title =Jahar's World: He was a charming kid with a bright future. But no one saw the pain he was hiding or the monster he would become|first=Janet|last=Reitman|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=July 17, 2013}}
{{cite news|last=Balmforth|first=Tom|title='A Clear Setup': The Conspiracy Theory of the Boston Bombing Suspects' Father|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/04/father-of-boston-bombing-suspects-says-situation-is-clear-setup/275168|access-date=April 22, 2013|magazine=The Atlantic|date=April 22, 2013|location=Makhachkala}}
{{cite news|last1=Gowen|first1=Annie|last2=Horwitz|first2=Sari|last3=Markon|first3=Jerry|title=Boston lockdown lifted; marathon bombing suspect still at large|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=April 19, 2013|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/massive-police-operation-under-way-in-boston/2013/04/19/979ec6dc-a8c6-11e2-a8e2-5b98cb59187f_print.html|access-date=April 19, 2013}}
{{cite news|last=Finn|first=Peter|title=Tamerlan Tsarnaev and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev were refugees from brutal conflict|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=April 19, 2013|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/details-emerge-on-suspected-boston-bombers/2013/04/19/ef2c2566-a8e4-11e2-a8e2-5b98cb59187f_story.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420060237/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/details-emerge-on-suspected-boston-bombers/2013/04/19/ef2c2566-a8e4-11e2-a8e2-5b98cb59187f_story.html|archive-date=April 20, 2013|access-date=April 19, 2013}}
| first1 = G. Jeffrey
| last1 = MacDonald
| first2 = John
| last2 = Bacon
| title = Tsarnaev pleads not guilty
| url = https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/07/10/tsarnaev-boston-marathon-bombing-hearing/2504681/
| date = July 10, 2013
| newspaper =USA Today
| location = McLean, VA, US
| access-date = May 4, 2015
| quote = Boston Marathon bombing suspect Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, appearing disheveled and fidgety, pleaded not guilty Wednesday to 30 counts of using a weapon of mass destruction stemming from the Boston Marathon bombing.
}}
| url = https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/accused-boston-marathon-bomber-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-smiles-court/story?id=19627878
| title = Accused Boston Marathon Bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev Smiles in Court, Pleads Not Guilty
| first1 = Michele
| last1 = McPhee
| first2 = Josh
| last2 = Haskell
| first3 = Kirit
| last3 = Radia
| website = ABC News
| location = Burbank, CA
| date = July 10, 2013
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150327130447/http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/accused-boston-marathon-bomber-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-smiles-court/story?id=19627878
| archive-date = March 27, 2015
| url-status = live
| access-date = May 4, 2015
| quote = Accused Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev smiled and, at one point, appeared to smirk during a hearing today as he pleaded not guilty to all 30 counts against him.
}}
| url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-to-seek-death-penalty-in-boston-bombing-case/2014/01/30/c15465d8-8785-11e3-833c-33098f9e5267_story.html
| title = U.S. to seek death penalty in Boston bombing case
| last1 = Goldman
| first1 = Adam
| last2 = Horwitz
| first2 = Sari
| date = January 30, 2014
| newspaper = The Washington Post
| location = Washington, DC
| access-date = May 4, 2015
| quote = 'The nature of the conduct at issue and the resultant harm compel this decision,' Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. said in a short statement.
}}
| first = Michael
| last = Martinez
| url = http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/02/us/boston-marathon-bombing-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-trial/
| title = A tale of two Tsarnaevs on eve of trial in Boston Marathon bombing
| date = January 2, 2015
| website = CNN
| location = Atlanta, GA, US
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150423082949/http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/02/us/boston-marathon-bombing-dzhokhar-tsarnaev-trial/
| archive-date = April 23, 2015
| url-status = live
| access-date = May 4, 2015
| quote = Jury selection is scheduled to begin Monday in a trial that could last months.
}}
| url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-30680319
| title = Boston bombing: Jury selection begins in Tsarnaev case
| date = January 6, 2015
| work = BBC
| location = Portland Place, London, England, UK
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150504064517/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-30680319
| archive-date = May 4, 2015
| url-status = live
| access-date = May 4, 2015
| quote = Jury selection alone is expected to take several weeks as Judge George O'Toole selects 12 jurors and six alternates from about 1,200 prospective jurors who have been summoned to the court in Boston.
}}
| first = Ann
| last = O'Neill
| url = http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/08/us/boston-marathon-bombing-trial/index.html
| title = Tsarnaev guilty of all 30 counts in Boston bombing
| date = April 8, 2015
| website = CNN
| location = Atlanta, GA, US
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150425211700/http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/08/us/boston-marathon-bombing-trial/index.html
| archive-date = April 25, 2015
| url-status = live
| access-date = May 4, 2015
| quote = From start to finish, it took 26 minutes for the jury to announce its verdict in the Boston Marathon bombing trial: Tsarnaev didn't skate on a single charge. He now stands guilty of all 30 counts, 17 of which could send him to death row.
}}
| url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-32359044
| title = Boston bombing: Parents of youngest victim oppose execution
| date = April 17, 2015
| work = BBC News
| location = Portland Place, London, England, UK
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150418024926/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-32359044
| archive-date = April 18, 2015
| url-status = live
| access-date = May 4, 2015
| quote = The parents of youngest victim in the Boston marathon bombing have called on federal authorities to drop the death penalty as a possible punishment for bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev.
}}
}}
External links
{{commons category}}
- [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324235304578438393688092634 Tsarnaev Family] (The Wall Street Journal)
{{Boston Marathon}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tsarnaev, Dzhokhar}}
Category:21st-century American criminals
Category:American male criminals
Category:American murderers of children
Category:American people convicted of murder
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Category:American mass murderers
Category:Boston Marathon bombing
Category:Cambridge Rindge and Latin School alumni
Category:Inmates of ADX Florence
Category:Kyrgyzstani emigrants to the United States
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Category:Kyrgyzstani people of Chechen descent
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Category:Muslims from Massachusetts
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Category:People convicted of murder by the United States federal government
Category:Prisoners sentenced to death by the United States federal government
Category:People convicted on terrorism charges
Category:People from Chüy Region