Eddystone (Tasmania)
{{Short description|Island in Tasmania, Australia}}
{{For|the locality in north-east Tasmania|Eddystone, Tasmania}}
{{Use Australian English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Eddystone
| native_name = no known native connection
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| image_name = Pedra Branca and Eddistone; Tasmans Head.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = Pedra Branca and Eddistone; Tasmans Head
| image_alt =
| map = Australia Tasmania
| map_alt =
| map_width = 280
| map_caption = Location off the southern coast of Tasmania
| map_relief = 1
| label = Eddystone
| label_position = top
| coordinates = {{coord|43|51|18|S|147|00|00|E|type:island_region:AU-TAS|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| etymology = Eddystone Lighthouse in Devon, England.
| location = Southern Ocean
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| elevation_m = 30
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| country = Australia
| country_admin_divisions_title = State
| country_admin_divisions = Tasmania
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = Region
| country_admin_divisions_1 = Southern
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Eddystone is a tower-shaped rock or small island, located in the Southern Ocean, off the southern coast of Tasmania, Australia.{{Gazetteer of Australia |name=Eddystone (TAS) |feature=TAS03484 |access-date=7 July 2015 }} The island is situated approximately {{convert|27|km|abbr=on}} from the South East Cape on a bearing of 149° and is contained within the Southwest National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Site. An erosional remnant of the Tasmanian mainland with an elevation of {{convert|30|m|abbr=on}} above sea level, the island is estimated to have separated from the Tasmanian mainland at least 15,000 years ago.{{cite web |url=http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/wildlife/reptile/Nivpal.html |title=Pedra Branca Skink |pages=563–569 |publisher=Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service |access-date=2006-07-16 |archive-date=21 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080721081308/http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/wildlife/reptile/Nivpal.html |url-status=dead }}
Features and location
Eddystone is known for its inaccessibility and distinctive shape, described by Abel Tasman in 1642 as "a tall, obtuse, square tower".{{cite web|editor-last=Heeres |editor-first=J E | year=2006 | url=http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks06/0600571h.html |title=Abel Janszoon Tasman's Journal of his Discovery of Van Diemen's Land and New Zealand in 1642 with Documents Relating to his Exploration of Australia in 1644...to which are added his Life and Labours, 1898 |publisher=Project Gutenberg of Australia |access-date=2006-07-09 }} A painting{{cite web|last=Boyes |first=G. T. W. B. |year=1823 |url=http://images.statelibrary.tas.gov.au/Search/Search.asp?Letter=P&Title=Pedra+Branca+and+Eddistone%3B+Tasmans+Head |title=Pedra Branca and Eddistone; Tasmans Head |publisher=State Library of Tasmania |access-date=2006-07-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060826100536/http://images.statelibrary.tas.gov.au/Search/Search.asp?Letter=P&Title=Pedra+Branca+and+Eddistone%3B+Tasmans+Head |archive-date=26 August 2006 |df=dmy }} from 1823 bears this out, and also shows its proximity to Pedra Branca, {{convert|2.2|km|abbr=on}} to the west.
Approximately {{convert|50|m|abbr=on}} off Eddystone there is a recently{{when|date=July 2015}} publicised surf break named Eddystone Rock. Surfers were shown the location by local fishermen, who have known about the break for many years.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}
The island has negligible plant life. Seabirds recorded as nesting there include Australasian gannets, black-faced cormorants and fairy prions.{{cite web|year=2002 |url=http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/IslandCare/southern_islands.pdf |title=Small Southern Islands Conservation Management Statement 2002 |publisher=Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service |access-date=2006-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822190600/http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/IslandCare/southern_islands.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2006 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }} Australian and New Zealand fur seals haul-out on the lower ledges when seas are not too rough.
=Important Bird Area=
Together with the nearby Pedra Branca and Sidmouth Rock the island constitutes the {{convert|2|ha|adj=on|abbr=on}} Pedra Branca Important Bird Area (IBA), identified as such by BirdLife International because it supports over 1% of the world populations of shy albatrosses and Australasian gannets.{{cite web|url=http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |title=IBA: Pedra Branca |access-date=2011-09-16 |work=Birdata |publisher=Birds Australia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706102341/http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |archive-date=6 July 2011 |df=dmy }}
Etymology
Eddystone was named by Captain James Cook in 1777 because of its resemblance to Eddystone Lighthouse in Devon, England.{{cite book |last=Brothers |first=Nigel |author2=Pemberton, David |author3=Pryor, Helen |author4=Halley, Vanessa |title=Tasmania's Offshore Islands: seabirds and other natural features |publisher=Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery |year=2001 |location=Hobart, Tasmania |isbn=978-0-7246-4816-0 |pages=510–511 }}
See also
{{stack|{{Portal|Australia|Islands}}}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{Islands of Tasmania |state=autocollapse}}
{{Southern Tasmania |state=autocollapse}}
Category:Protected areas of Tasmania
Category:Important Bird Areas of Tasmania
{{Tasmania-geo-stub}}