Edward Degener

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Edward Degener

| image=Edward Degener.jpg

| title=San Antonio City Council

| term_start=1872

| term_end=1878

| state2 = Texas

| district2 = 4th

| term_start2=March 30, 1870

| term_end2= March 3, 1871

| predecessor2=District created

| successor2=John Hancock

| birth_date = {{birth date|1809|10|20|mf=yes}}

| birth_place = Brunswick, Prussia
(now Braunschweig, Germany)

| death_date = {{death date and age|1890|9|11|1809|10|20}}

| death_place = San Antonio, Texas, U.S.

| party = Republican

| resting_place=San Antonio City Cemetery No. 1

}}

Edward Degener (October 20, 1809 – September 11, 1890) was a German-born American politician. He was a Republican U.S. Representative from Texas during the Reconstruction era.

Originally from Germany, Degener moved to the United States and lived in Texas. During the American Civil War, slave-holding Texas joined the Confederacy, but Degener remained loyal to the Union, and was persecuted by the Confederates for this loyalty to the U.S.{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b1tNAAAAYAAJ&q=edward+degener+loyal+union&pg=PA207|title=A Twentieth Century History of Southwest Texas: Illustrated|volume=1|pages=207–208|accessdate=March 17, 2016|publisher=The Lewis Publishing Company|date=1907|chapter=Union Loyal League|location=New York}} Two of Degener's sons were murdered by the Confederates in the Nueces massacre. After the war ended, Degener served as a Republican congressman for the Texan 4th Congressional District and as a San Antonio city council member in the 1870s. He died in 1890.

Early life and education

Born in Brunswick in the Kingdom of Prussia (now Germany), Degener pursued an academic course in Germany and in England. He was twice a member of the legislative body in Anhalt-Dessau and was a member of the first German National Assembly at Frankfurt-am-Main in 1848.{{cite web |last =Hooker| first =Anne W.| title =Edward Degener | work =Handbook of Texas Online | publisher =Texas State Historical Association

| url =http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fde28| accessdate = September 30, 2007 }}

He immigrated to the United States in 1850 and settled in Sisterdale, Texas, in the Texas Hill Country west of San Antonio, with its burgeoning German immigrant population. Degener engaged in agricultural pursuits.

Career

=American Civil War=

During the U.S. Civil War, civilian Degener was arrested by the Confederate army and charged with being "a dangerous and seditious person and an enemy to the government."{{cite book|last=Davis|first=William C.|author-link=William C. Davis (historian)|title=Look Away! A History of the Confederate States of America|year=2003|publisher=Free Press |isbn=978-0-7432-3499-3 |pages=172–173}} Degener had allegedly criticized the Confederacy, corresponded with alleged enemies of same, and failed to report known Union sympathizers. Degener pleaded not guilty. His legal counsel challenged the legal authority of the military, and the charge of sedition, which was not a crime legally recognized by the government. Found guilty anyway, he was ordered to post a bond of $5,000 that he would be loyal to the Confederacy.

Degener's sons Hugo and Hilmar died during the Nueces massacre when they were murdered by the Confederates.{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.americanheritage.com/content/south%E2%80%99s-inner-civil-war-0?page=5 |title=The South's Inner Civil War: The more fiercely the Confederacy fought for its independence, the more bitterly divided it became. To fully understand the vast changes the war unleashed on the country, you must first understand the plight of the Southerners who didn't want secession |date=March 1989 |volume=40 |issue=2 |accessdate=December 18, 2013 |publisher=American Heritage Publishing Company |first=Eric |last=Foner |authorlink=Eric Foner |page=5 |magazine=American Heritage |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117104332/http://www.americanheritage.com/content/south%E2%80%99s-inner-civil-war-0?page=5 |archivedate=November 17, 2015 }} To honor their memory, Degener along with Eduard Steves and William Heuermann, purchased land for the establishment of the German-language Treue der Union Monument, which became part of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas November 29, 1978.{{cite web|title=National Register of Historic Places-Kendall Co, Tx|url=http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/TX/Kendall/state.html|publisher=U.S. Dept. of Interior, the National Park Service|accessdate=February 2, 2011}}

=Politics=

Degener served as member of the Texas constitutional conventions in 1866 and 1868, and served on the Committee for Immigration along with fellow committee members Julius Scheutze, H.H. Foster, George W. Smith, Erwin Wilson, John Morse and Stephen Curtis (the lone black man on the committee).{{cite book|last=Rozek|first=Barbara J|title=Come to Texas: Attracting Immigrants 1865-1919|year=2003|publisher=TAMU |isbn=978-1-58544-267-6 |pages=14}}

Upon the readmission of the State of Texas to representation was elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress and served from March 31, 1870, to March 3, 1871. Degener was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1870 to the Forty-second Congress.

He served as member of the city council of San Antonio, Texas from 1872 to 1878.