42nd United States Congress

{{Main|1871 in the United States|1872 in the United States|1873 in the United States}}

• June 10, 1871: U.S. Marines make naval attack on the Han River forts in Korea
• March 1, 1872: Yellowstone National Park was established as the world's first national park
• November 5, 1872: 1872 United States presidential election

{{Main|List of United States federal legislation}}

• April 20, 1871: Enforcement Act of 1871
• March 1, 1872: Yellowstone National Park founded
• May 10, 1872: General Mining Act of 1872
• May 23, 1872: Amnesty Act of 1872
• June 1, 1872: Practice Conformity Act (precursor to the Rules Enabling Act), ch. 255, {{USStat|17|196}}
• February 12, 1873: Coinage Act of 1873
• March 3, 1873: Timber Culture Act
• March 3, 1873: Comstock Act
• March 3, 1873: Salary Grab Act (so called)

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

{{US Congress party summary

| congress = 42

| party1 = Democratic

| party2 = Liberal Republican

| party3 = Republican

| abb1 = D

| abb2 = LR

| abb3 = R

| seats1_last = 12

| seats2_last = 0

| seats3_last = 62

| seats_vacant_last = 0

| seats1_begin = 14

| seats2_begin = 1

| seats3_begin = 55

| seats_vacant_begin = 4

| seats1_end = 17

| seats2_end = 1

| seats3_end = 54

| seats_vacant_end = 2

| seats1_next = 19

| seats2_next = 3

| seats3_next = 50

| seats_vacant_next = 2

}}

{{US Congress party summary

| congress = 42

| party1 = Democratic

| abb1 = D

| seats1_last = 67

| seats1_begin = 102

| seats1_end = 106

| seats1_next = 91

| party2 = Independent Republican

| abb2 = IR

| seats2_last = 0

| seats2_begin = 1

| seats2_end = 1

| seats2_next = 0

| party3 = Liberal Republican

| abb3 = LR

| seats3_last = 0

| seats3_begin = 3

| seats3_end = 4

| seats3_next = 4

| party4 = Republican

| abb4 = R

| seats4_last = 169

| seats4_begin = 135

| seats4_end = 130

| seats4_next = 189

| party5 = Other

| abb5 =

| note5_last = Conservative

| seats5_last = 5

| seats5_begin = 0

| seats5_end = 0

| seats5_next = 6

| note5_next = Independent Democratic

| seats_vacant_last = 2

| seats_vacant_begin = 2

| seats_vacant_end = 2

| seats_vacant_next = 2

}}

File:Schuyler Colfax portrait.jpg]]

• President: Schuyler Colfax (R)
• President pro tempore: Henry B. Anthony (R)

• Speaker: James G. Blaine (R)
• Republican Conference Chairman: Austin Blair

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.

:Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1874; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1876; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1872.

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. George Goldthwaite (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. George E. Spencer (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Powell Clayton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Benjamin F. Rice (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}1. Eugene Casserly (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Cornelius Cole (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. William A. Buckingham (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Orris S. Ferry (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}1. Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. Eli Saulsbury (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Abijah Gilbert (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Thomas W. Osborn (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. Thomas M. Norwood (D), from November 14, 1871

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Joshua Hill (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. John A. Logan (R)

: {{Party stripe|Liberal Republican Party (US)}}3. Lyman Trumbull (LR)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Daniel D. Pratt (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. George G. Wright (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. James Harlan (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Alexander Caldwell (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. John W. Stevenson (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}3. Garrett Davis (D), until September 22, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}Willis B. Machen (D), from September 27, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. J. Rodman West (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. William P. Kellogg (R), until November 1, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Hannibal Hamlin (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Lot M. Morrill (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}1. William T. Hamilton (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}3. George Vickers (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Charles Sumner (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Henry Wilson (R), until March 3, 1873

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Zachariah Chandler (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Thomas W. Ferry (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Alexander Ramsey (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. William Windom (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Adelbert Ames (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. James L. Alcorn (R), from December 1, 1871

{{col-break}}

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Carl Schurz (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}3. Francis P. Blair Jr. (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Thomas Tipton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Phineas Hitchcock (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. William M. Stewart (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. James W. Nye (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Aaron H. Cragin (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. James W. Patterson (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}1. John P. Stockton (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Reuben E. Fenton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Roscoe Conkling (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. Matt W. Ransom (D), from January 30, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. John Pool (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}1. Allen G. Thurman (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. John Sherman (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. James K. Kelly (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Henry W. Corbett (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. John Scott (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Simon Cameron (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. William Sprague IV (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Thomas J. Robertson (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Frederick A. Sawyer (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. William G. Brownlow (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. Henry Cooper (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. James W. Flanagan (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}2. Morgan C. Hamilton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. George F. Edmunds (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. John F. Lewis (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. John W. Johnston (D), from March 15, 1871

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Arthur I. Boreman (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}2. Henry G. Davis (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}1. Matthew H. Carpenter (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

{{col-break}}

File:42nd United States Congress Senators.svg Lyman Trumbull.

{{legend|#0044aa|2 Democrats}}

{{legend|#660080|1 Democrat and 1 Republican}}

{{legend|#aa0000|2 Republicans}}

{{legend|#777|Territories}}]]

{{col-break}}

File:Henry B. Anthony - Brady-Handy.jpg]]

{{col-end}}

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Alabama|1|1}}. Benjamin S. Turner (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Alabama|2|2}}. Charles W. Buckley (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Alabama|3|3}}. William A. Handley (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Alabama|4|4}}. Charles Hays (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Alabama|5|5}}. Peter M. Dox (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Alabama|6|6}}. Joseph H. Sloss (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Arkansas|1|1}}. James M. Hanks (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Arkansas|2|2}}. Oliver P. Snyder (R)

: {{Party stripe|Liberal Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Arkansas|3|3}}. John Edwards (LR), until February 9, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}Thomas Boles (R), from February 9, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|California|1|1}}. Sherman O. Houghton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|California|2|2}}. Aaron A. Sargent (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|California|3|3}}. John M. Coghlan (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|1|1}}. Julius L. Strong (R), until September 7, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}Joseph R. Hawley (R), from December 2, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|2|2}}. Stephen W. Kellogg (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|3|3}}. Henry H. Starkweather (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|4|4}}. William H. Barnum (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Delaware|AL|At-large}}. Benjamin T. Biggs (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Florida|AL|At-large}}. Josiah T. Walls (R), until January 29, 1873

:: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}Silas L. Niblack (D), from January 29, 1873

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|1|1}}. Archibald T. MacIntyre (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|2|2}}. Richard H. Whiteley (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|3|3}}. John S. Bigby (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|4|4}}. Thomas J. Speer (R), until August 18, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}Erasmus W. Beck (D), from December 2, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|5|5}}. Dudley M. Du Bose (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|6|6}}. William P. Price (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|7|7}}. Pierce M. B. Young (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|1|1}}. Charles B. Farwell (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|2|2}}. John F. Farnsworth (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|3|3}}. Horatio C. Burchard (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|4|4}}. John B. Hawley (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|5|5}}. Bradford N. Stevens (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|6|6}}. Burton C. Cook (R), until August 26, 1871

:: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}Henry Snapp (R), from December 4, 1871

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|7|7}}. Jesse H. Moore (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|8|8}}. James C. Robinson (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|9|9}}. Thompson W. McNeely (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|10|10}}. Edward Y. Rice (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|11|11}}. Samuel S. Marshall (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|12|12}}. John B. Hay (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|13|13}}. John M. Crebs (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Illinois|AL|At-large}}. John L. Beveridge (R), November 7, 1871 – January 4, 1873

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|1|1}}. William E. Niblack (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|2|2}}. Michael C. Kerr (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|3|3}}. William S. Holman (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|4|4}}. Jeremiah M. Wilson (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|5|5}}. John Coburn (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|6|6}}. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|7|7}}. Mahlon D. Manson (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|8|8}}. James N. Tyner (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|9|9}}. John P. C. Shanks (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|10|10}}. William Williams (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Indiana|11|11}}. Jasper Packard (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Iowa|1|1}}. George W. McCrary (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Iowa|2|2}}. Aylett R. Cotton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Iowa|3|3}}. William G. Donnan (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Iowa|4|4}}. Madison M. Walden (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Iowa|5|5}}. Francis W. Palmer (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Iowa|6|6}}. Jackson Orr (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kansas|AL|At-large}}. David P. Lowe (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|1|1}}. Edward Crossland (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|2|2}}. Henry D. McHenry (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|3|3}}. Joseph H. Lewis (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|4|4}}. William B. Read (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|5|5}}. Boyd Winchester (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|6|6}}. William E. Arthur (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|7|7}}. James B. Beck (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|8|8}}. George M. Adams (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|9|9}}. John M. Rice (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Louisiana|1|1}}. J. Hale Sypher (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Louisiana|2|2}}. Lionel A. Sheldon (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Louisiana|3|3}}. Chester B. Darrall (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Louisiana|4|4}}. James McCleery (R), until November 5, 1871

:: {{Party stripe|Liberal Republican Party (US)}}Alexander Boarman (LR), from December 3, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Louisiana|5|5}}. Frank Morey (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maine|1|1}}. John Lynch (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maine|2|2}}. William P. Frye (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maine|3|3}}. James G. Blaine (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maine|4|4}}. John A. Peters (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maine|5|5}}. Eugene Hale (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|1|1}}. Samuel Hambleton (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|2|2}}. Stevenson Archer (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|3|3}}. Thomas Swann (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|4|4}}. John Ritchie (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|5|5}}. William M. Merrick (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|1|1}}. James Buffington (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|2|2}}. Oakes Ames (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|3|3}}. Ginery Twichell (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|4|4}}. Samuel Hooper (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|5|5}}. Benjamin F. Butler (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Party stripe|Liberal Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|6|6}}. Nathaniel P. Banks (R) then (LR)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|7|7}}. George M. Brooks (R), until May 13, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}Constantine C. Esty (R), from December 2, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|8|8}}. George F. Hoar (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|9|9}}. William B. Washburn (R), until December 5, 1871

:: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}Alvah Crocker (R), from January 2, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|10|10}}. Henry L. Dawes (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Michigan|1|1}}. Henry Waldron (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Michigan|2|2}}. William L. Stoughton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Michigan|3|3}}. Austin Blair (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Michigan|4|4}}. Wilder D. Foster (R), from December 4, 1871

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Michigan|5|5}}. Omar D. Conger (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Michigan|6|6}}. Jabez G. Sutherland (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Minnesota|1|1}}. Mark H. Dunnell (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Minnesota|2|2}}. John T. Averill (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Mississippi|1|1}}. George E. Harris (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Mississippi|2|2}}. Joseph L. Morphis (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Mississippi|3|3}}. Henry W. Barry (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Mississippi|4|4}}. George C. McKee (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Mississippi|5|5}}. Legrand W. Perce (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|1|1}}. Erastus Wells (D)

: {{Party stripe|Liberal Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|2|2}}. Gustavus A. Finkelnburg (LR)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|3|3}}. James R. McCormick (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|4|4}}. Harrison E. Havens (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|5|5}}. Samuel S. Burdett (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|6|6}}. Abram Comingo (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|7|7}}. Isaac C. Parker (R)

: {{Party stripe|Liberal Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|8|8}}. James G. Blair (LR)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Missouri|9|9}}. Andrew King (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Nebraska|AL|At-large}}. John Taffe (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Nevada|AL|At-large}}. Charles W. Kendall (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Hampshire|1|1}}. Ellery A. Hibbard (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Hampshire|2|2}}. Samuel N. Bell (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Hampshire|3|3}}. Hosea W. Parker (D)

{{col-break}}

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|1|1}}. John W. Hazelton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|2|2}}. Samuel C. Forker (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|3|3}}. John T. Bird (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|4|4}}. John Hill (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|5|5}}. George A. Halsey (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|1|1}}. Dwight Townsend (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|2|2}}. Thomas Kinsella (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|3|3}}. Henry W. Slocum (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|4|4}}. Robert Roosevelt (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|5|5}}. William R. Roberts (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|6|6}}. Samuel S. Cox (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|7|7}}. Smith Ely Jr. (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|8|8}}. James Brooks (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|9|9}}. Fernando Wood (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|10|10}}. Clarkson N. Potter (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|11|11}}. Charles St. John (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|12|12}}. John H. Ketcham (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|13|13}}. Joseph H. Tuthill (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|14|14}}. Eli Perry (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|15|15}}. Joseph M. Warren (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|16|16}}. John Rogers (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|17|17}}. William A. Wheeler (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|18|18}}. John M. Carroll (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|19|19}}. Elizur H. Prindle (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|20|20}}. Clinton L. Merriam (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|21|21}}. Ellis H. Roberts (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|22|22}}. William E. Lansing (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|23|23}}. R. Holland Duell (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|24|24}}. John E. Seeley (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|25|25}}. William H. Lamport (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|26|26}}. Milo Goodrich (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|27|27}}. H. Boardman Smith (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|28|28}}. Freeman Clarke (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|29|29}}. Seth Wakeman (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|30|30}}. William Williams (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|31|31}}. Walter L. Sessions (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|1|1}}. Clinton L. Cobb (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|2|2}}. Charles R. Thomas (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|3|3}}. Alfred M. Waddell (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|4|4}}. Sion H. Rogers (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|5|5}}. James M. Leach (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|6|6}}. Francis E. Shober (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|7|7}}. James C. Harper (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|1|1}}. Aaron F. Perry (R), until July 14, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}Ozro J. Dodds (D), from October 9, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|2|2}}. Job E. Stevenson (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|3|3}}. Lewis D. Campbell (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|4|4}}. John F. McKinney (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|5|5}}. Charles N. Lamison (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|6|6}}. John A. Smith (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|7|7}}. Samuel Shellabarger (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|8|8}}. John Beatty (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|9|9}}. Charles Foster (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|10|10}}. Erasmus D. Peck (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|11|11}}. John T. Wilson (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|12|12}}. Philadelph Van Trump (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|13|13}}. George W. Morgan (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|14|14}}. James Monroe (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|15|15}}. William P. Sprague (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|16|16}}. John Bingham (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|17|17}}. Jacob A. Ambler (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|18|18}}. William H. Upson (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Ohio|19|19}}. James A. Garfield (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Oregon|AL|At-large}}. James H. Slater (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|1|1}}. Samuel J. Randall (D)

: {{Party stripe|Independent Republican (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|2|2}}. John V. Creely (IR)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|3|3}}. Leonard Myers (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|4|4}}. William D. Kelley (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|5|5}}. Alfred C. Harmer (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|6|6}}. Ephraim L. Acker (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|7|7}}. Washington Townsend (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|8|8}}. J. Lawrence Getz (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|9|9}}. Oliver J. Dickey (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|10|10}}. John W. Killinger (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|11|11}}. John B. Storm (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|12|12}}. Lazarus D. Shoemaker (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|13|13}}. Ulysses Mercur (R), until December 2, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}Frank C. Bunnell (R), from December 24, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|14|14}}. John B. Packer (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|15|15}}. Richard J. Haldeman (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|16|16}}. Benjamin F. Meyers (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|17|17}}. R. Milton Speer (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|18|18}}. Henry Sherwood (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|19|19}}. Glenni W. Scofield (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|20|20}}. Samuel Griffith (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|21|21}}. Henry D. Foster (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|22|22}}. James S. Negley (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|23|23}}. Ebenezer McJunkin (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|24|24}}. William McClelland (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Rhode Island|1|1}}. Benjamin T. Eames (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Rhode Island|2|2}}. James M. Pendleton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|1|1}}. Joseph Rainey (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|2|2}}. Robert C. De Large (R), until January 24, 1873; vacant thereafter

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|3|3}}. Robert B. Elliott (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|4|4}}. Alexander S. Wallace (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|1|1}}. Roderick R. Butler (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|2|2}}. Horace Maynard (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|3|3}}. Abraham E. Garrett (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|4|4}}. John M. Bright (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|5|5}}. Edward I. Golladay (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|6|6}}. Washington C. Whitthorne (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|7|7}}. Robert P. Caldwell (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Tennessee|8|8}}. William W. Vaughan (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Texas|1|1}}. William S. Herndon (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Texas|2|2}}. John C. Conner (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Texas|3|3}}. William T. Clark (R), until May 13, 1872

:: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}Dewitt C. Giddings (D), from May 13, 1872

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Texas|4|4}}. John Hancock (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Vermont|1|1}}. Charles W. Willard (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Vermont|2|2}}. Luke P. Poland (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Vermont|3|3}}. Worthington C. Smith (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|1|1}}. John Critcher (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|2|2}}. James H. Platt Jr. (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|3|3}}. Charles H. Porter (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|4|4}}. William H. H. Stowell (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|5|5}}. Richard T. W. Duke (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|6|6}}. John T. Harris (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|7|7}}. Elliott M. Braxton (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|8|8}}. William Terry (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|West Virginia|1|1}}. John J. Davis (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|West Virginia|2|2}}. James C. McGrew (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|West Virginia|3|3}}. Frank Hereford (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Wisconsin|1|1}}. Alexander Mitchell (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Wisconsin|2|2}}. Gerry W. Hazelton (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Wisconsin|3|3}}. J. Allen Barber (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Wisconsin|4|4}}. Charles A. Eldredge (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Wisconsin|5|5}}. Philetus Sawyer (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Wisconsin|6|6}}. Jeremiah M. Rusk (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Arizona Territory|AL|Arizona Territory}}. Richard C. McCormick (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Colorado Territory|AL|Colorado Territory}}. Jerome B. Chaffee (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Dakota Territory|AL|Dakota Territory}}. Moses K. Armstrong (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|District of Columbia|AL|District of Columbia}}. Norton P. Chipman (R), from April 21, 1871

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Idaho Territory|AL|Idaho Territory}}. Samuel A. Merritt (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Montana Territory|AL|Montana Territory}}. William H. Clagett (R)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Mexico Territory|AL|New Mexico Territory}}. José Manuel Gallegos (D)

: {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{ushr|Utah Territory|AL|Utah Territory}}. William H. Hooper (D)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Washington Territory|AL|Washington Territory}}. Selucius Garfielde (R)

: {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{ushr|Wyoming Territory|AL|Wyoming Territory}}. William T. Jones (R)

{{col-break}}

[[File:42 us house membership.png|thumb|400px|

File:Blaine, James G.jpg]]

{{col-end}}

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

• Replacements: 0
• Democratic: no net change
• Republican: no net change
• Deaths: 0
• Resignations: 2
• Contested elections: 0
• Total seats with changes: 4

{{see also|List of special elections to the United States Senate}}

{{Ordinal US Congress change|Senate}}

|-

| Virginia (2)

| Vacant

| Legislature had failed to elect.
Previous incumbent re-elected March 15, 1871.

| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | John W. Johnston (D)

| March 15, 1871

|-

| Georgia (2)

| Vacant

| Foster Blodgett presented credentials as Senator-elect, but the Senate declared him not elected.
Successor elected November 14, 1871.

| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Thomas M. Norwood (D)

| November 14, 1871

|-

| Mississippi (2)

| Vacant

| Delayed taking seat in order to serve as Governor of Mississippi

| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | James L. Alcorn (R)

| December 1, 1871

|-

| North Carolina (2)

| Vacant

| Legislature had failed to elect.
Successor elected January 30, 1872.

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Matt W. Ransom (D)

| January 30, 1872

|-

| Kentucky (3)

| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Garrett Davis (D)

| Died September 22, 1872.
Successor appointed September 27, 1872.
Appointee was later elected January 21, 1873, to finish the term.{{sfn | Byrd & Wolff | page=112}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Willis B. Machen (D)

| September 27, 1872

|-

| Louisiana (3)

| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | William P. Kellogg (R)

| Resigned November 1, 1872, after being elected Governor of Louisiana

| Vacant

| Not filled this Congress

|-

| Massachusetts (2)

| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Henry Wilson (R)

| Resigned March 3, 1873, after being elected U.S. Vice President

| Vacant

| Not filled this Congress

|}

• Replacements: 11
• Democratic: 4 seat net gain
• Republican: 5 seat net loss
• Liberal Republican: 1 seat net gain
• Deaths: 3
• Resignations: 6
• Contested election: 4
• Total seats with changes: 16

{{See also|List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives}}

{{Ordinal US Congress change|House}}

|-

| {{ushr|District of Columbia|AL|District of Columbia At-large}}

| New seat

| style="font-size:80%" | District of Columbia's At-large district created March 4, 1871, and remained vacant until April 21, 1871

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Norton P. Chipman (R)

| April 21, 1871

|-

| {{ushr|Illinois|AL|Illinois At-large}}

| Vacant

| style="font-size:80%" | Rep. John A. Logan resigned at the end of the previous congress after being elected to the US Senate

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John L. Beveridge (R)

| November 7, 1871

|-

| {{ushr|Michigan|4|Michigan 4th}}

| Vacant

| style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Thomas W. Ferry resigned at the end of the previous congress after being elected to the US Senate

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Wilder D. Foster (R)

| December 4, 1871

|-

| {{ushr|Illinois|6|Illinois 6th}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Burton C. Cook (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 26, 1871

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Henry Snapp (R)

| December 4, 1871

|-

| {{ushr|Louisiana|4|Louisiana 4th}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | James McCleery (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Died November 5, 1871

| nowrap {{party shading/Liberal Republican}} | Alexander Boarman (LR)

| December 3, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Massachusetts|9|Massachusetts 9th}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | William B. Washburn (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 5, 1871, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Alvah Crocker (R)

| January 2, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Arkansas|3|Arkansas 3rd}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John Edwards (LR)

| style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election February 9, 1872

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Thomas Boles (R)

| February 9, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Massachusetts|7|Massachusetts 7th}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | George M. Brooks (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 13, 1872, after becoming judge of probate for Middlesex County

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Constantine C. Esty (R)

| December 2, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Texas|3|Texas 3rd}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | William T. Clark (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 13, 1872

| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Dewitt C. Giddings (D)

| December 13, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Ohio|1|Ohio 1st}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Aaron F. Perry (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 14, 1872

| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Ozro J. Dodds (D)

| October 9, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Georgia|4|Georgia 4th}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Thomas J. Speer (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Died August 18, 1872

| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Erasmus W. Beck (D)

| December 2, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Connecticut|1|Connecticut 1st}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Julius L. Strong (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Died September 7, 1872

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Joseph R. Hawley (R)

| December 2, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Pennsylvania|13|Pennsylvania 13th}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Ulysses Mercur (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 2, 1872, after becoming an assoc. justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Frank C. Bunnell (R)

| December 24, 1872

|-

| {{ushr|Illinois|AL|Illinois At-large}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John L. Beveridge (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 4, 1873, after being elected Lieutenant Governor of Illinois

| Vacant

| Not filled this term

|-

| {{ushr|South Carolina|2|South Carolina 2nd}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Robert C. De Large (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Seat declared vacant January 24, 1873, after election was contested by Christopher C. Bowen

| Vacant

| Not filled this term

|-

| {{ushr|Florida|AL|Florida At-large}}

| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Josiah T. Walls (R)

| style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election January 29, 1873

| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Silas L. Niblack (D)

| January 29, 1873

|}

{{List of Congressional Committees instructions}}

• Agriculture (Chairman: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen; Ranking Member: Henry G. Davis)
• Appropriations (Chairman: Lot M. Morrill; Ranking Member: William Windom)
• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Matthew H. Carpenter; Ranking Member: Eli Saulsbury)
• Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: George G. Wright; Ranking Member: N/A)
• Claims (Chairman: John Scott; Ranking Member: Arthur I. Boreman)
• Commerce (Chairman: Zachariah Chandler; Ranking Member: William A. Buckingham)
• Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
• District of Columbia (Chairman: John F. Lewis; Ranking Member: Frederick A. Sawyer)
• Education and Labor (Chairman: James W. Flanagan; Ranking Member: James W. Patterson)
• Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Thomas F. Bayard; Ranking Member: Thomas M. Norwood)
• Finance (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: Adelbert Ames)
• Foreign Relations (Chairman: Simon Cameron; Ranking Member: Carl Schurz)
• Indian Affairs (Chairman: William A. Buckingham; Ranking Member: Henry Wilson)
• Investigation and Retrenchment (Chairman: William A. Buckingham; Ranking Member; William M. Stewart)
• Judiciary (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen)
• Manufactures (Chairman: Thomas J. Robertson; Ranking Member: Abijah Gilbert)
• Military Affairs (Chairman: John A. Logan; Ranking Member: John A. Logan)
• Mines and Mining (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: Alexander Caldwell)
• Mississippi River Levee System (Select)
• Naval Affairs (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Ferry)
• Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
• Outrages in Southern States (Select)
• Pacific Railroad (Chairman: William M. Stewart; Ranking Member: William P. Kellogg)
• Patents (Chairman: Orris S. Ferry; Ranking Member: William Windom)
• Pensions (Chairman: Daniel D. Pratt; Ranking Member: Morgan C. Hamilton)
• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alexander Ramsey; Ranking Member: Hannibal Hamlin)
• Private Land Claims (Chairman: Allen G. Thurman; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Bayard)
• Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Oliver P. Morton; Ranking Member: Joshua Hill)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: Cornelius Cole)
• Public Lands (Chairman: William Sprague; Ranking Member: William Windom)
• Railroads (Chairman: William M. Stewart; Ranking Member: N/A)
• Removal of Political Disabilities (Select)
• Retrenchment
• Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: George G. Wright)
• Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: William G. Brownlow; Ranking Member: Joshua Hill)
• Rules (Select)
• Tariff Regulation (Select)
• Territories (Chairman: Arthur I. Boreman; Ranking Member: Phineas W. Hitchcock)
• Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select)
• Whole

• Accounts (Chairman: James Buffington; Ranking Member: Stevenson Archer)
• Agriculture (Chairman: Charles Hays; Ranking Member: John W. Hazelton)
• Appropriations (Chairman: James A. Garfield; Ranking Member: Eugene Hale)
• Alabama Affairs (Select)
• Arkansas Affairs (Select)
• Banking and Currency (Chairman: Horace Maynard; Ranking Member: Clinton L. Merriam)
• Claims (Chairman: John B. Hawley; Ranking Member: William P. Frye)
• Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Samuel Hooper; Ranking Member: John Critcher)
• Commerce (Chairman: William A. Wheeler; Ranking Member: James S. Negley)
• District of Columbia (Chairman: Alfred C. Harmer; Ranking Member: Aylett R. Cotton)
• Education and Labor (Chairman: James Monroe; Ranking Member: Robert B. Elliott)
• Elections (Chairman: Horace B. Smith; Ranking Member: Benjamin T. Eames)
• Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Jackson Orr; Ranking Member: George M. Adams)
• Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: James B. Sener; Ranking Member: N/A)
• Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Julius C. Burrows; Ranking Member: Benjamin T. Biggs)
• Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Henry W. Barry; Ranking Member: William R. Roberts)
• Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: John Rogers)
• Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: J. Hale Sypher; Ranking Member: William H. Barnum)
• Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Williams; Ranking Member: Ephraim L. Acker)
• Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: R. Holland Duell; Ranking Member: Fernando Wood)
• Freedmen's Affairs (Chairman: Clinton L. Cobb; Ranking Member: Joseph H. Rainey)
• Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: Jasper Packard)
• Indian Affairs (Chairman: John T. Averill; Ranking Member: John C. Edwards)
• Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Jeremiah McLain Rusk; Ranking Member: Benjamin S. Turner)
• Judiciary (Chairman: Benjamin F. Butler; Ranking Member: Milo Goodrich)
• Manufactures (Chairman: Charles B. Farwell; Ranking Member: John M. Rice)
• Mileage (Chairman: Hezekiah S. Bundy; Ranking Member: Edward I. Golladay)
• Military Affairs (Chairman: John Coburn; Ranking Member: George E. Harris)
• Militia (Chairman: Roderick R. Butler; Ranking Member: John C. Conner)
• Mines and Mining (Chairman: David P. Lowe; Ranking Member: Walter L. Sessions)
• Naval Affairs (Chairman: Glenni W. Scofield; Ranking Member: John M. Coghlan)
• Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Philetus Sawyer; Ranking Member: John T. Averill)
• Patents (Chairman: Omar D. Conger; Ranking Member: Joseph M. Warren)
• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John B. Packer; Ranking Member: Charles H. Porter)
• Private Land Claims (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: J. Allen Barber)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: James H. Platt Jr.; Ranking Member: Walter L. Sessions)
• Public Expenditures (Chairman: Harrison E. Havens; Ranking Member: Thomas Kinsella)
• Public Lands (Chairman: Washington Townsend; Ranking Member: Jeremiah M. Rusk)
• Railways and Canals (Chairman: George W. McCrary; Ranking Member: Charles St. John
• Reform on Civil Service (Chairman: Stephen W. Kellogg; Ranking Member: N/A)
• Revision of Laws (Chairman: Luke P. Poland; Ranking Member: John S. Bigby)
• Revolution Claims (Chairman: Alexander S. Wallace; Ranking Member: Abram Comingo)
• Revolutionary Pensions and War of 1812 (Chairman: Lazarus D. Shoemaker; Ranking Member: John M. Rice)
• Rules (Select) (Chairman: James G. Blaine; Ranking Member: Samuel S. Cox)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Territories (Chairman: George C. McKee; Ranking Member: Lazarus D. Shoemaker)
• War Claims (Chairman: William Lawrence; Ranking Member: N/A)
• Ways and Means (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes; Ranking Member: Horatio C. Burchard)
• Whole

• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Chester B. Darrall; Vice Chairman: Rep. John T. Bird)
• Inquire into the Affairs of the District of Columbia (Select) (Chairman: Rep. Jeremiah M. Wilson; Vice Chairman: N/A)
• The Library (Chairman: Rep. William P. Frye; Vice Chairman: Rep. Lewis D. Campbell)
• Printing (Chairman: Rep. William G. Donnan; Vice Chairman: Rep. William P. Price)

• Democratic (House)
• Democratic (Senate)

• Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
• Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

• Chaplain: John P. Newman (Methodist)
• Librarian: George S. Wagner, from 1871
• Secretary: George C. Gorham
• Sergeant at Arms: John R. French

• Chaplain: John G. Butler (Presbyterian)
• Clerk: Edward McPherson
• Clerk at the Speaker's Table: John M. Barclay
• Doorkeeper: Otis S. Buxton
• Postmaster: William S. King
• Reading Clerks: Charles N. Clisbee (D) and William K. Mehaffey (R)
• Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway

• 1870 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
• 1870–71 United States Senate elections
• 1870–71 United States House of Representatives elections
• 1872 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
• 1872 United States presidential election
• 1872–73 United States Senate elections
• 1872–73 United States House of Representatives elections

{{Notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C | title= The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992 | edition=volume 4 Bicentennial | first1= Robert C. | last1= Byrd | author-link1=Robert Byrd | first2= Wendy | last2=Wolff | publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office | ref = {{sfnRef | Byrd & Wolff}}| date=October 1, 1993 | isbn= 9780160632563 }}
• {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|year = 1989|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York}}
• {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|year = 1982|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York}}

• [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsllink.html Statutes at Large, 1789-1875]
• [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsjlink.html Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
• [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwhjlink.html#anchor2 House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20060601025644/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress]
• [http://clerk.house.gov/art_history/house_history/index.html U.S. House of Representatives: House History]
• [https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists]
• {{cite book |title=Congressional Directory for the 42nd Congress, 1st Session |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101013661465;view=1up;seq=145 }}
• {{cite book |title=Congressional Directory for the 42nd Congress, 2nd Session |url=https://archive.org/stream/officialcongres09pringoog#page/n11/mode/1up }}
• {{cite book |title=Congressional Directory for the 42nd Congress, 2nd Session (Revision) |url= http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433081796678&view=1up&seq=271 }}
• {{cite book |title=Congressional Directory for the 42nd Congress, 3rd Session |url= http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433081796678&view=1up&seq=405}}
• {{cite book |title=Congressional Directory for the 42nd Congress, 3rd Session (Revision) |url= https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433081796678&view=1up&seq=551}}

{{USCongresses}}