Edward Enoch Jenkins
{{Short description|British lawyer and judge}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = The Honourable
| name = Sir Enoch Jenkins
| honorific-suffix =
| image =
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| order = 16th
| office = Attorney General of Fiji
| monarch = George VI
| governor = Sir Harry Luke
Sir Philip Mitchell
Sir John Rankine(Acting)
Sir John Nicoll(Acting)
Sir John Rankine(Acting)
Alexander Grantham
| term_start = 1938
| term_end = 1945
| predecessor = Ransley Thacker
| successor = John Henry Vaughan
| order1 =
| office1 = Solicitor General of Northern Rhodesia
| monarch1 = Edward VIII
George VI
| governor1 = Sir Hubert Young
| term_start1 = 1936
| term_end1 = c1938
| predecessor1 = Ransley Thacker
| successor1 = John Henry Vaughan
| order2 =
| office2 = Chief Justice of Nyasaland
| monarch2 = George VI
| governor2 = Edmund Richards
Geoffrey Colby
| term_start2 = 8 November 1944
| term_end2 = c. 1950
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| order3 =
| office3 = Justice of Appeal, Eastern Africa
| monarch3 = George VI
Elizabeth II
| governor3 = Sir Evelyn Baring
| term_start3 = c. 1950
| term_end3 = c. 1955
| predecessor3 =
| successor3 =
| birth_date = 8 February 1895
| birth_place = Cardiff, Wales
| death_date = {{death year and age|1960|1895}}
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| citizenship =
| nationality = British subject
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| alma_mater = University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire
Peterhouse, Cambridge
| occupation =
| profession = Lawyer, Judge
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| rank = Lieutenant
| unit = Royal Field Artillery
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Sir (Edward) Enoch Jenkins (8 February 1895 – 25 February 1960{{cite book|title=The Law Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuYKAQAAMAAJ|year=1960|publisher=Law Journal|page=178}}{{cite web|title=Sir (Edward) Enoch Jenkins (1895-1960), Judge|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp136483/sir-edward-enoch-jenkins|website=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=27 September 2015}}) was a British lawyer and judge. He served as Attorney General of Fiji from 1938 to 1945. He subsequently served as Chief Justice of Nyasaland.
Early life
Jenkins was born in Cardiff, Wales, on 8 February 1895 to William Jenkins and Briar Dene. He was known by his middle name.{{cite web|title=Sir (Edward) Enoch Jenkins (1895-1960), Judge|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp136483/sir-edward-enoch-jenkins|website=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=27 September 2015}} Educated initially at Howard Gardens Municipal Secondary School in Cardiff, he later studied at University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, also in Cardiff.
Jenkins served as a lieutenant with the Royal Field Artillery during and after the First World War (1914-1920, and again in 1925).{{cite web|title=Lieutenant Edward Enoch Jenkins. Royal Field Artillery.|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C707462|website=National Archives|accessdate=27 September 2015}}
He was admitted to Cambridge University on 16 May 1919, taking up residence in Peterhouse on 8 October and beginning his matriculation on 21 October that year. He graduated with B.A. and LL.B degrees in 1922. He subsequently earned a postgraduate M.A. degree in 1928.{{cite book|last1=Ansell|first1=E.|title=Admissions to Peterhouse|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0DYZCgAAQBAJ&q=%22Edward+Enoch+Jenkins%22+%2B+%22Nyasaland%22&pg=PA37|date=15 October 2015|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107553897|accessdate=27 September 2015}}
Legal career
Jenkins was called to the bar at Gray's Inn on 14 May 1924. He entered the colonial service in Nyasaland in 1925, before becoming Solicitor General of Northern Rhodesia in 1936.{{cite book|last1=Ansell|first1=E.|title=Admissions to Peterhouse|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0DYZCgAAQBAJ&q=%22Edward+Enoch+Jenkins%22+%2B+%22Nyasaland%22&pg=PA37|date=15 October 2015|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107553897|access-date=27 September 2015}} He then served as Attorney General of Fiji from 1938 to 1945;{{cite web|title=Previous Attorneys-General|url=http://www.ag.gov.fj/default.aspx?page=prevAttGen|website=Office of the Attorney-General|access-date=27 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704200811/http://www.ag.gov.fj/default.aspx?page=prevAttGen|archive-date=4 July 2015|url-status=dead}} towards the end of his term, he was appointed Chief Justice of Nyasaland on 8 November 1944.{{cite web|title=Downing Street|url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36790/page/5159/data.pdf|website=The London Gazette|access-date=27 September 2015|pages=5159|date=10 November 1944}} As Chief Justice, he headed a commission of inquiry into a riot that had taken place at Zomba Prison in November 1949. He was criticised by both Sir Geoffrey Colby, the Governor of Nyasaland, and the Legislative Council, for allegedly paying undue attention to "matters of relatively minor significance" and of ignoring what they believed was the fundamental cause of the problem: the breakdown of discipline in the prison over the previous two years.{{cite book|title=Development Governor: A Biography of Sir Geoffrey Colby|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1FXgGN5Jj40C&q=%22Enoch+Jenkins%22+%2B+%22Nyasaland%22&pg=PA116|isbn = 9781850436164|access-date=27 September 2015|last1 = Baker|first1 = Colin |date=31 December 1994| publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}
Sometime before September 1953, he was appointed a Justice of Appeal on the Kenya-based Court of Appeal for Eastern Africa.{{cite web|title=Reversions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_0KHpjaL54C&q=%22Edward+Enoch+Jenkins%22&pg=PA970|website=Kenya Gazette|access-date=27 September 2015|date=6 October 1953}} He sat as one of the judges on Jomo Kenyatta's unsuccessful appeal against his conviction for organizing the Mau Mau movement.{{cite web|title=Institute of Current World Affairs|url=http://www.icwa.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/DER-4.pdf|website=Institute of Current World Affairs|access-date=27 September 2015|date=30 August 1953}} He was still reported as serving on the Court of Appeal as of 24 December 1954.{{cite web|title="Softening up" in Kenya Camps|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19541224&id=SDpAAAAAIBAJ&pg=6291,5727266&hl=en|website=The Glasgow Herald|access-date=27 September 2015|date=24 December 1954}}
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{{s-bef| before=}}
{{s-ttl| title=Solicitor General of Northern Rhodesia | years=1936-c.1938}}
{{s-aft| after=}}
{{s-bef| before= Ransley Thacker}}
{{s-ttl| title=Attorney-General of Fiji | years=1938-1945}}
{{s-aft| after=John Henry Vaughan}}
{{s-bef| before=}}
{{s-ttl| title=Chief Justice of Nyasaland | years=1944-c.1950}}
{{s-aft| after=}}
{{s-bef| before=}}
{{s-ttl| title=Justice of Appeal, Eastern Africa | years=c.1950-c.1955}}
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References
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Jenkins, Edward Enoch}}
Category:British colonial officials
Category:Attorneys general of the Colony of Fiji
Category:Chief justices of Nyasaland
Category:British expatriates in Fiji
Category:Members of Gray's Inn
Category:Alumni of Peterhouse, Cambridge
Category:Alumni of Cardiff University
Category:20th-century Welsh lawyers
Category:East African Court of Appeal judges