Egglescliffe

{{Short description|Village and civil parish in County Durham, England}}

{{distinguish|text = nearby Eaglescliffe. For context, see § Etymology}}

{{Infobox UK place

|country = England

|official_name = Egglescliffe

|type = Village and civil parish

|coordinates = {{coord|54.512|-1.350|display=inline,title}}

|population = 8,559

|population_ref = (2011)

|civil_parish = Egglescliffe (Egglescliffe and Eaglescliffe Parish Council)

|unitary_england = Stockton-on-Tees

|region = North East England

|lieutenancy_england = County Durham

|constituency_westminster = Stockton South

|post_town = STOCKTON-ON-TEES

|postcode_area = TS

|postcode_district = TS16

|dial_code = 01642

|os_grid_reference = NZ421131

|static_image_name = File:Village Green, Egglescliffe - geograph.org.uk - 485154.jpg

|static_image_caption = Egglescliffe green

}}

Egglescliffe is a village and civil parish in County Durham, England.[http://www.hometownengland.com/county_durham County Durham, England's Cities, Towns, Villages and Settlements] Administratively it is located in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees.[http://uk.local.yahoo.com/County_Durham/Stockton-on-Tees/Councils/uk100006339-s-36191.html Councils in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham - Yahoo! Local UK]

The civil parish is in the Teesdale with a population of 8,559 at the 2011 Census.{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11123124&c=TS16+0DX&d=16&e=62&g=6376938&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=0&s=1437735521153&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|access-date=24 July 2015}} In the 2021 census the group of interconnected villages in the parish and Preston-on-Tees had a population of 10,250, in the larger village to small town classification.{{cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/articles/townsandcitiescharacteristicsofbuiltupareasenglandandwales/census2021|title=Towns and cities, characteristics of built-up areas, England and Wales: Census 2021|access-date=3 August 2021}} It has Egglescliffe School (secondary and sixth-form), a light industrial estate, two railway stations and golf club. Villages in the parish include Eaglescliffe, Urlay Nook, Sunningdale, Orchard and a development on the former Allens West MOD site.{{cite web |title=History of the Parish |url=http://www.egglescliffeandeaglescliffe-pc.org.uk/page.php?id=18 |website=www.egglescliffeandeaglescliffe-pc.org.uk |publisher=Egglescliffe & Eaglescliffe Parish Council |access-date=26 August 2021}}

File:Egglescliffe.jpg

The village is on top of a hill with the River Tees at the bottom, overlooking Yarm on the other bank. It had a 2001 population of around 595,{{cite web|url=http://www.teesvalley-jsu.gov.uk/old/tvstats/Towns%20and%20Villages%20Snapshots/Stockton%20Egglescliffe.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927035859/http://www.teesvalley-jsu.gov.uk/old/tvstats/Towns%20and%20Villages%20Snapshots/Stockton%20Egglescliffe.htm |archive-date=2007-09-27 |title=Area Snapshot |access-date=2007-06-21 |url-status=dead }} There is a Church of England primary school, small kids play area, farms, allotments and a public house (called the Pot and Glass).

Etymology

Egglescliffe has been characterised by Victor Watts as "a difficult name".The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society, ed. by Victor Watts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), s.v. Egglescliffe; {{ISBN|9780521362092}}.Victor Watts, The Place-Names of County Durham Part One: Stockton Ward, ed. by Paul Cavill, English Place-Name Society, 83 (Nottingham: English Place-Name Society, 2007).{{rp|55}} The name is first attested in an 1172 copy of a 1085 charter, as Eggasclif; forms containing l in the earlier part of the name, such as Egglesclif, are first attested in the 1190s, but are rarer in the Middle Ages.{{rp|54–55}} The second element of the name is certainly from Old English {{lang|ang|clif}}, "steep slope", presumably referring to the slope from Egglescliffe down to the River Tees.

The consensus among authorities in the twentieth century was that the first element came from Latin {{lang|la|ecclesia}} "church" via Brittonic (where the borrowing of {{lang|la|ecclesia}} is represented today by Welsh eglwys). If so, the name once meant "church-slope".{{rp|55}} However, by 2007 Victor Watts had noted that Egglescliffe is distant from other examples of more reliably attested "Eccles" names, and that the l is usually absent from the first element in medieval sources. He concluded that Egglescliffe originated with the personal name {{lang|ang|Ecgwulf}}, which had the nickname form {{lang|ang|Ecgi}}. Thus the place was routinely known both as "Ecgwulf's slope" (producing forms like Egglesclif) and as "Ecgi's slope" (producing forms like Eggasclif), until the former type eventually became dominant.{{rp|56}}Victor Watts, A Dictionary of Durham Place-Names, English Place-Name Society Popular Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Name Society, 2002), pp. 38–39.Bethany Fox, 'The P-Celtic Place-Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland', The Heroic Age, 10 (2007), http://www.heroicage.org/issues/10/fox.html (appendix at http://www.heroicage.org/issues/10/fox-appendix.html).

Egglescliffe gave its name to their neighbouring Eaglescliffe, whose name is simply a variant of Egglescliffe produced by folk-etymological adaptation of the unfamiliar Eggles- to the familiar Eagles-.The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society, ed. by Victor Watts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), s.v. Eaglescliffe; {{ISBN|9780521362092}}.

History

File:St John The Baptist Church, Egglescliffe - geograph.org.uk - 698493.jpg

North of the River Tees was not recorded in the 1068 Domesday Book. The parish church is dedicated to St John the Baptist and there has been a place of worship on the site since the twelfth century.

Bishop Skirlaw of Durham built a stone bridge, Yarm Bridge, across the Tees in 1400 which still stands. An iron replacement was built in 1805, but it fell down in 1806.{{NHLE|num=1105658|desc=Yarm Bridge Over River Tees|accessdate=13 September 2021}}

Governance

It was in the palatinate of Durham (the prince-bishop of Durham's domain) from its establishment until 1836 when it became a standard type of county. 1974 reforms lead to Egglescliffe being placed under the Stockton district of Cleveland county. The district became a unitary authority in 1996 and a part of the ceremony county Durham.

Geography

{{Geographic location|Centre=Eaglescliffe|North=Preston-on-Tees|Northeast=Preston-on-Tees|East=Sunningdale|Southeast=Egglescliffe|South=Yarm Road|Southwest=Orchard|West=Orchard|Northwest=Kingsmead|title=Egglescliffe parish villages|width=50px}}

Image:Eaglescliffe plan.png.]]

The parish is divided by railway lines, such as the Tees Valley line and Northallerton–Eaglescliffe line. Vehicles can only get from the east to west of the parish to its far south or via the A66 road.

The parish includes the villages of Egglescliffe, Eaglescliffe, Sunningdale and Orchard. Urlay Nook and the former Allens West site are in development. There is also an industrial estate which includes the former Whitley Springs farm buildings.

The main road through eastern parish is the A135 Yarm Road which was part of the old route of the A19 until the 1970s when it was diverted east of Thornaby. The A67 runs through the west of the parish. Nearby large towns include Stockton-on-Tees (north), Middlesbrough (north east), Darlington (west) and Hartlepool (north east).