Ein Yabrud

Ein Yabrud is located (horizontally) {{convert|6.8|km|mi|sp=us}} west of Ramallah. It is bordered by Rammun and Taybeh to the east, Yabrud and Silwad to the north, Dura al-Qar' to the west, and Deir Dibwan, Beitin and Al-Bireh to the south.[http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Ein%20Yabrud_vp_en.pdf ‘Ein Yabrud village profile], ARIJ, p. 4

Sherds from the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine eras have been found here.Finkelstein et al, 1997, p. 563 A grave, with three arcosolia, and with coins from the reign of Constantine the Great have been excavated here.Dauphin, 1998, p. 832

Sherds from the Umayyad, Crusader/Ayyubid and Mamluk eras have also been found.

Yaqut noted about Ein Yabrud and Yabrud: "A village lying north of Jerusalem, on the road from the Holy City to Nabulus, between which and Yabrud is Kafar Natha. It possesses orchards and vineyards, and olives and Sumach trees."Le Strange, 1890, p. [https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/550/mode/1up 550]

Ein Yabrud, like the rest of Palestine, was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, and in the census of 1596, the village was noted in the Nahiya of Quds of the Liwa of Quds under the name of 'Ayn Ibrud. The population was 24 households, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33.3% on various agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards, fruit trees, goats and/or beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues"; a total of 8,700 akçe.Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 121Toledano, 1984, p. 289, gives the location as 31°57′15″N 35°14′20″E, noting a spring called Ayn Abrud located nearby, at 31°57′00″N 35°13′40″E

In 1838, Edward Robinson noted Ein Yabrud "on the top of a hill".Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/n97/mode/1up 80] It was further noted as Muslim village, located in the Beni Murrah region, north of Jerusalem.Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/125/mode/1up 125]

In 1863 Victor Guérin found it to have 800 inhabitants. He further noted that a number of houses were built with antique materials.Guérin, 1869, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr06gugoog#page/n55/mode/1up 42] -43

Socin found from an official Ottoman village list from about 1870 that the village had 66 houses and a population of 282, though the population count only included men. It was further noted that it was located one hour north of Beitin.Socin, 1879, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde01deut#page/143/mode/1up 143] Also noted it in the Beni Murra regionHartmann, 1883, p. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ#page/n923/mode/1up 115] noted 67 houses

In 1882 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described 'Ain Yebrud as: "A village of moderate size on the top of a hill, well built, surrounded with fine groves of olives, with a well on the north-east."Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/291/mode/1up 291]

In 1896 the population of 'Ain jabrud was estimated to be about 573 persons.Schick, 1896, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde19deut#page/n228/mode/1up 121]

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, the population numbered 576 Muslims,Barron, 1922, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramalllah, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n18/mode/1up 16] increasing in the 1931 census to 788 inhabitants, in 178 houses.Mills, 1932, p.[https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 49]

In the 1945 statistics Ein Yabrud had a population of 930 Muslims,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p26.jpg 26] and a total land area of 11,488 dunams.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Ramallah/Page-064.jpg 64]. 3,151 dunams were for plantations and irrigable land, 3,632 for cereals,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Ramallah/Page-112.jpg 112] while 88 dunams were built-up areas.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Ramallah/Page-162.jpg 162]

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Ein Yabrud came under Jordanian rule. Jordan confiscated lands of Ein Yabrud and nearby Silwad for the construction of a military camp before the Six-Day War.[http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/state-moves-to-expand-settlement-on-palestinian-land-confiscated-by-jordan-1.368136 State moves to expand settlement on Palestinian land confiscated by Jordan], Chaim Levinson, Jun 17, 2011, Haaretz.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 1,501 inhabitants in Ein Yabrud.Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p24.pdf 24]

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Ein Yabrud has been under Israeli occupation.

After the 1995 accords, 34.3% of village land is classified as Area B land, while the remaining 65.7% is classified as Area C.[http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Ein%20Yabrud_vp_en.pdf ‘Ein Yabrud village profile], ARIJ, p. 18

Israel has confiscated land from Ein Yarbrud for two settlements: 1,252 dunams for Ofra and 137 dunams for Beit El.[http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Ein%20Yabrud_vp_en.pdf ‘Ein Yabrud village profile], ARIJ, p. 19

The Jordanian buildings formed the initial basis of the Israeli settlement of Ofra founded in 1975. Plans for further expansion of Ofra in this land in 2011 resulted in legal challenges and public dispute. Land belonging to the residents of the village has been used to construct hundreds of structures in the neighbouring Israeli settlement of Ofra.[http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/israel-s-ulpana-neighborhood-is-built-on-years-of-land-theft-and-forgery-1.426140 Israel's 'Ulpana neighborhood is built on years of land theft and forgery], Akiva Eldar, 24 April 2012, Haaretz

Ein Yabrud is the home village of Hamas military commander Maher Udda.[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2010/03/201031473515920917.html Israel arrests Hamas leader] March 15, 2010, Al Jazeera

{{reflist | 25em}}

{{refbegin}}

• {{cite book | editor =Barron, J.B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922|url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 | publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}}
• {{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|author-link1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|author-link2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund|volume=2}}
• {{cite book |last= Dauphin |first = C.|author-link= Claudine Dauphin| title = La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FC1mAAAAMAAJ |volume = III : Catalogue | series = BAR International Series 726 | year = 1998 | publisher = Archeopress | location = Oxford|language =fr|isbn= 0-860549-05-4}}
• {{cite book|editor1=Finkelstein, I.| editor1-link= Israel Finkelstein|editor2=Lederman, Zvi|year=1997|title=Highlands of many cultures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hA59tgAACAAJ |location=Tel Aviv|publisher= Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section| isbn = 965-440-007-3}}
• {{cite book | title = First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population | author = Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics | year = 1964|url=http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensus1961bits.pdf}}
• {{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics|year=1945}}
• {{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr06gugoog|volume=1: Judee, pt. 3|year=1869|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=fr}}
• {{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
• {{cite journal | last = Hartmann | first =M.| author-link = Martin Hartmann | title = Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871) | journal = Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins | volume = 6 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ/page/n131 102]–149 | url =https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ | year = 1883}}
• {{cite book | last1= Hütteroth |first1=W.-D.|author-link1=Wolf-Dieter Hütteroth |first2=K. | last2=Abdulfattah |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah | title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ | year = 1977 | publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|isbn= 3-920405-41-2}}
• {{cite book|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500|url=https://archive.org/details/palestineundermo00lestuoft |first=G.|last=Le Strange| author-link = Guy Le Strange|year=1890|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}}
• {{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}}
• {{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}}
• {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|author-link1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|author-link2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=Crocker & Brewster|volume=2}}
• {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|author-link1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|author-link2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=Crocker & Brewster|volume=3}}
• {{cite journal | last = Schick | first =C.| author-link = Conrad Schick | title = Zur Einwohnerzahl des Bezirks Jerusalem | journal = Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins | volume = 19 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde19deut/page/120 120]–127 | url =https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde19deut | year = 1896}}
• {{cite journal | last = Socin | first =A.| author-link = Albert Socin | title = Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem | journal = Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins | volume = 2 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde01deut/page/135 135]–163 | url = https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftdesde01deut | year = 1879}}
• {{cite journal|last=Toledano |first=E. |author-link=Ehud R. Toledano |title=The Sanjaq of Jerusalem in the Sixteenth Century: Aspects of Topography and Population |url=http://alkindi.ideo-cairo.org/manifestation/61348|journal =Archivum Ottomanicum|volume=9|pages=279–319 |date=1984}}

{{refend}}

• [http://www.palestineremembered.com/GeoPoints/_Ayn_Yabrud_586/index.html Welcome to 'Ayn Yabrud]
• Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8376 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.14.jpg Wikimedia commons]
• [http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/factsheet/'Ein%20Yabrud%20_vp_eng.pdf 'Ein Yabrud village (fact sheet)], Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ)
• [http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Ein%20Yabrud_vp_en.pdf ‘Ein Yabrud village profile], ARIJ
• [http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/images/english/'Ein%20Yabrud_ap_en.jpg ‘Ein Yabrud, aerial photo], ARIJ

{{Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate}}

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Category:Villages in the West Bank

Category:Municipalities of Palestine