Elections in Guinea

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{{Politics of Guinea}}

Guinea elects on the national level a head of state—the president—and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people through a two-round system (i.e. if no candidate secures a majority of the votes, there is a runoff between the top two vote-getters).{{cite web |url=http://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2588/ |title=Oct. 11, 2015: Republic of Guinea |publisher=International Foundation for Electoral Systems}} The National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale) has 114 members, elected for five-year terms, 38 members in single-seat constituencies and 76 members by proportional representation.{{cite web |url=http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2131_B.htm |title=Guinea Assemblée nationale (National Assembly): Electoral System |publisher=Inter-Parliamentary Union}}

Voters must be at least 18 years old and Guinean citizens in full possession of civil and political rights. Candidates must be at 18, either Guinean by citizenship or naturalized and resident in the country for at least 10 years. There are also various disqualifications.

History

When Guinea gained its independence from France in 1958, Ahmed Sékou Touré became its first president, as his Parti démocratique de Guinée (DPG, Democratic Party of Guinea) had won 56 of 60 seats in the 1957 Territorial Assembly election.{{cite web |url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/gn.html |title=Elections in Guinea: 31 March 1957 Territorial Assembly Election |publisher=African Elections Database |website=africanelections.tripod.com}} By 1960, he had declared the DPG the only legal party, so, for the next 24 years, all the voters could do was elect the DPG candidates to the National Assembly, while Touré ran unopposed for the presidency three more times.{{cite news |title=5 things you should know about Guinea’s (peaceful!) election |author=Tyson Roberts |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=20 October 2015 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2015/10/20/5-things-you-should-know-about-guineas-peaceful-election/}}

After Touré's death in 1984, Colonels Lansana Conté and Diarra Traoré seized power in a bloodless coup d'état, with Conté assuming the presidency. In December 1990, a new constitution created a unicameral Parliament.{{cite web |url=http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2131_95.htm |title=Guinea Parliamentary Chamber: Assemblée nationale: Elections Held in 1995 |publisher=Inter-Parliamentary Union}} In April 1992, legislation was passed making Guinea a multi-party state. The following year, Conté announced a return to civilian rule, with Guinea's first multi-party presidential election taking place in 1993,{{cite news |title=Lansana Conté |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=30 December 2008 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/4031475/Lansana-Cont.html}} followed by a legislative election in 1995. Conté remained president, with 51.7% of the vote, while his Party of Unity and Progress (PUP, Parti de l'Unité et du Progrès) won 71 of the 114 seats in the Assembly.{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13443183 |title=Guinea profile - Timeline |date=1 September 2016 |publisher=BBC}} He was re-elected president in 1998, with 56.1% of the vote, and 2003, with 95.6% of the vote after all the major opposition leaders boycotted the election. His party also won 85 seats in the Assembly in 2002, with some opposition parties choosing to boycott.{{cite web |url=http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2131_02.htm |title=Guinea Assemblée nationale (National Assembly): Elections in 2002 |publisher=Inter-Parliamentary Union}}

Shortly after Conté's death in December 2008, Moussa Dadis Camara seized power. In December 2009, Camara was shot in the head in an assassination attempt and left the country to obtain medical care. The following month, Camara agreed to a return to civilian rule.

No candidate won a majority of the votes in the first round of the 2010 presidential election, so Cellou Dalein Diallo and Alpha Condé, the top vote-getters (with 43.69% and 18.25%, respectively), contested a second round, which was delayed several times. Condé finally emerged victorious, with 52.54% of the ballots. His Guinean People's Assembly party (RPG, Rassemblement du Peuple Guinéen) took 53 of the 114 Assembly seats in the repeatedly delayed 2013 election, and seven seats won by allies gave the RPG a majority.{{cite web |url=http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2131_E.htm |title=Guinea Assemblée nationale (National Assembly): Last Elections |publisher=Inter-Parliamentary Union}}{{cite web |url=https://www.ndi.org/guinea |title=Guinea: Strengthening Guinea’s Democratic Institutions |publisher=National Democratic Institute}} He himself was re-elected in 2015.{{cite news |title=Guinea President’s Re-election Confirmed Despite Fraud Complaints |author=Dionne Searcey |newspaper=The New York Times |date=1 November 2015 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/02/world/africa/guinea-president-alpha-conde-re-election-confirmed.html?_r=0}}

Latest elections

= 2015 presidential election =

{{Main|2015 Guinean presidential election}}

Alpha Condé is re-elected.

class=wikitable style=text-align:right

!Candidate

!Party

!Votes

!%

align=left|Alpha Condéalign=left|Rally of the Guinean People2,285,82757.85
align=left|Cellou Dalein Dialloalign=left|Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea1,242,36231.44
align=left|Sidya Touréalign=left|Union of Republican Forces237,5496.01
align=left|Faya Lansana Millimounoalign=left|Liberal Bloc54,7181.38
align=left|El Hadj Papa Koly Kouroumaalign=left|Generations for Reconciliation, Union, and Prosperity51,7501.31
align=left|Lansana Kouyatéalign=left|National Party for Hope and Development45,9621.16
align=left|Ghandi Faraguet Tounkaraalign=left|Guinean Union for Democracy and Development19,8400.50
align=left|Marie Madeilein Dioubatéalign=left|Guinea Ecologists Party13,2140.33
align=left colspan=2|Invalid/blank votes179,804
align=left colspan=2|Total4,131,026100
align=left colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout6,042,63468.36
colspan=4 align=left|Source: [https://web.archive.org/web/20151023070051/http://www.ceniguinee.org/attachments/article/137/ceni_recapitulatif_general_election_presidentielle_resultat_synthese.pdf CENI] (98.2% of polling stations reporting)

=2020 legislative election=

{{Main|2020 Guinean legislative election}}

The elections were boycotted by the main opposition parties. As a result, President Condé's party won a supermajority of seats.

class=wikitable style=text-align:right
colspan=15 align=center|File:Guinée Assemblée nationale 2020.svg
rowspan=2|Party

!colspan=3|Constituency

!colspan=3|Proportional

!rowspan=2|Total
seats

!rowspan=2|+/–

Votes

!%

!Seats

!Votes

!%

!Seats

align=left|Rally of the Guinean People–Rainbow2,417,47688.94371,591,65055.274279+26
align=left|Guinean Democratic Union56,0852.060151,5765.2644New
align=left|Guinean Popular Democratic Movement74,3432.730113,7023.9533New
align=left|New Democratic Forces4,7110.17176,6122.6623New
align=left|Union for Progress and Renewal14,5970.54076,5122.6622+1
align=left|Rally for the Integrated Development of Guinea23,9010.88076,4122.6522+1
align=left|Union of the Forces of Change76,2082.6522New
align=left|Democratic Alternation for Reform–Constructive Opposition Bloc76,1882.6522New
align=left|Guinea for Democracy and Balance31,6711.16076,0122.6422New
align=left|Guinean Party for Renaissance and Progress39,7061.38110
align=left|Afia Party39,1261.3611+1
align=left|Civic Generation39,1061.3611+1
align=left|Forces of Integrity for Development39,1061.3611New
align=left|Guinean Party for Progress and Development38,4301.3311+1
align=left|Rally for Renaissance and Development10,6080.39038,3101.3311New
align=left|Party for Peace and Development38,1761.3311New
align=left|Alliance for National Renewal37,9061.3211New
align=left|Union of Democratic Forces13,9230.51037,9001.3211+1
align=left|Movement of Patriots for Development29,9961.0411New
align=left|Alliance for National Renewal29,8001.0311New
align=left|New Generation for the Republic12,9170.47029,8001.03110
align=left|Guinea United for Development29,1401.01110
align=left|PDG–RDA27,6400.9611+1
align=left|Rally for a Prosperous Guinea27,4000.9511+1
align=left|Democratic Party of Conservatives16,4410.60012,3240.4300New
align=left|Guinean Party of the Renaissance10,2040.3500New
align=left|Union for the Defence of Republican Interests24,0460.8807,5360.2600New
align=left|Guinean Rally for Unity and Development5,4940.19000
align=left|Rally for the Republic5,4220.1900New
align=left|Pan-African Party of Guinea2,5500.0900New
align=left|Alliance of Forces for Change4,6980.1700
align=left|Party of the National Defense for Development1,3330.0500
align=left|Party New Vision8,0380.3000
align=left|Invalid/blank votes252,940126,111
style=font-weight:bold

|align=left|Total

2,968,087100383,006,055100761140
align=left|Registered voters/turnout5,179,60057.305,179,60058.04
align=left colspan=12|Source: [http://ceni.org.gn/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ceni_synthese_resultats_listes_nationales_22032020_version_final-1.pdf CENI] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101095215/http://ceni.org.gn/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ceni_synthese_resultats_listes_nationales_22032020_version_final-1.pdf |date=2021-01-01 }}, [https://courconstitutionnelle.gov.gn/wp-content/uploads/documents/2020/DECISION%20N%C2%B0AE%20008%2014-04-2020.pdf CC]

Election commission

The Independent National Electoral Commission ({{langx|fr|Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante}}, CENI) is the election commission in Guinea.{{Cite web|url=http://www.eueom.eu/files/pressreleases/english/20151019_Communique_MOEUE_Guinee.pdf|title= La Mission d'observation électorale de l'Union européenne encourage la CENI à publier tous les résultats détaillés par bureau de vote dans les plus brefs délais au niveau central|publisher=European External Action Service|access-date=20 October 2015|date=19 October 2015|language=fr}} The body was established in November 2007.{{cite web |url=http://www.irinnews.org/report/78943/guinea-elections-in-doubt-for-2008 |title=Elections in doubt for 2008 |publisher=IRIN |date=28 June 2008}}

See also

References

{{Reflist|30em}}