Elections in Karnataka

{{short description|Overview of the procedure of elections in the Indian state of Karnataka}}

Elections in Karnataka, a state in India are conducted in accordance with the Constitution of India. The Assembly of Karnataka creates laws regarding the conduct of local body elections unilaterally while any changes by the state legislature to the conduct of state level elections need to be approved by the Parliament of India. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to Article 356 of the Indian Constitution and President's rule may be imposed.

Main Political Parties in Karnataka

BJP, INC and JD(S) are the dominant parties in the state. The CPI, CPI(M) and MES are the other active political entities in the state. In the past, the various precursors of the JD(S) such as JP and JD have also been very influential. Splinter groups such as KCP, KJP, BSR Congress, Lok Shakti and JD(U) have made their mark in a few elections. Erstwhile parties which have been influential in the state include Indian National Congress (Organisation) (NCO), Bharatiya Jana Sangh, Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party (KMPP), National Development Party, Praja Socialist Party (PSP), Samyukta Socialist Party (SSP) and Swatantra Party.

Lok Sabha elections

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

Lok Sabha

! Election year

! colspan="2"|1st party

! colspan="2"|2nd party

! Others

! Total seats

1952

|First Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 10

|style="background-color: {{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}" |

|KMPP 1

|11

1957

|Second Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 23

|style="background-color: {{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}" |

|PSP 1

|SCF 1, IND 1

|26

1962

|Third Lok Sabha

| style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 25

| style="background-color: {{party color|Lok Sewak Sangh}}" |

|LSS 1

|26

1967

|Fourth Lok Sabha

| style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 18

| style="background-color: {{party color|Swatantra Party}}" |

|SWP 5

|PSP 2, SSP 1, IND 1

|27

1971

|Fifth Lok Sabha

| style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 27

!colspan="3"|

|27

1977

|Sixth Lok Sabha

| style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 26

| style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}" |

|JP 2

|28

1980

|Seventh Lok Sabha

| style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 27

|style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}" |

|JP 1

|28

1984

|Eighth Lok Sabha

| style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 24

| style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}" |

|JP 4

|28

1989

|Ninth Lok Sabha

| style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 26

| style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal}}" |

|JD 2

|28

1991

|Tenth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 23

|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |

|BJP 4

|JP 1

|28

1996

|Eleventh Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal}}" |

|JD 16

|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |

|BJP 6

|INC 5, KCP 1

|28

1998

|Twelfth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |

|BJP 13

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 9

|LS 3, JD 3

|28

1999

|Thirteenth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 18

|style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |

|BJP 7

|JD(U) 3

|28

2004

|Fourteenth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |

|BJP 18

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 8

|JD(S) 2

|28

2009

|Fifteenth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |

|BJP 19

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 6

|JD(S) 3

|28

2014

|Sixteenth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |

|BJP 17

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 9

|JD(S) 2

|28

2019

|Seventeenth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |

|BJP 25

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 1

|JD(S) 1, IND 1

|28

2024

|Eighteenth Lok Sabha

|style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |

|BJP 17

|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |

|INC 9

|JD(S) 2

|28

Vidhan Sabha elections

Election year ! Vidhan Sabha election ! colspan="2"\|1st party ! colspan="2"\|2nd party ! colspan="2"\|3rd party ! Others ! Total seats ! Chief minister ! colspan=2\|CM's party
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
rowspan=3\|1952 \|rowspan=3\|First Assembly \|rowspan=13 style="background-color: {{party color\|Indian National Congress}}"\| \|rowspan=3\|INC 74 \|rowspan=4 style="background-color: {{party color\|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}"\| \|rowspan=3\|KMPP 8 \|colspan=2 rowspan=4\| \|rowspan=3\|IND 11 \|rowspan=3\|99 \|Kengal Hanumanthaiah \|{{Party name with color\|Indian National Congress\|rowspan=3}}
Kadidal Manjappa
S. Nijalingappa

class="wikitable" width="100%" style=" font-size: x-big; font-family: verdana"

! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Year

! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Vidhan Sabha Election

! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"| Party-wise Details

! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"| Chief Minister

| style="background-color:#666666; width:4px" |

! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"| Party

---

|rowspan=3"|1952

|rowspan=3"|First Assembly

|rowspan=3"|Total: 99 Seats. Congress: 74, KMPP:8, Independents: 11{{Cite web|title=Statistical Report on Karnataka/Mysore Vidhan Sabha Elections 1952 |publisher=Election Commission of India|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_MYSORE.pdf}}

|Kengal Hanumanthaiah

!rowspan=8 style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|

|rowspan=8"|Congress

Kadidal Manjappa

S. Nijalingappa

---

|rowspan=2"|1957

|rowspan=2"|Second Assembly

|rowspan=2"|Total: 208. Congress: 150, PSP:18, Independents: 35.{{Cite web|title=Statistical Report on Karnataka/Mysore Vidhan Sabha Elections 1957 |publisher=Election Commission of India|url=http://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1957-election-results.html}}

|S. Nijalingappa

B. D. Jatti

---

|rowspan=2"|1962

|rowspan=2"|Third Assembly

|rowspan=2"|Total: 208. Congress: 138, PSP:20, Swatantra: 9, Independents: 27

|S.R. Kanthi

S. Nijalingappa

---

|rowspan=2"|1967

|rowspan=2"|Fourth Assembly

|rowspan=2"|Total: 216. Congress: 126, PSP: 20, Swatantra: 16, SSP: 6, BJS: 4, Independents: 41

|S. Nijalingappa

Veerendra Patil

!style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress (Organization)}}"|

|Congress(O)

---

|1972

|Fifth Assembly

| Total: 216. Congress: 165, NCO: 24, Independents: 20{{Cite web|title=Statistical Report on Karnataka Vidhan Sabha Elections 1972 |publisher=Election Commission of India|url=http://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1972-election-results.html}}

|Devaraj Urs

!rowspan=3 style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|

|rowspan=3|Congress

---

|rowspan=2"|1978

|rowspan=2"|Sixth Assembly

|rowspan=2"|Total: 224. Congress (I): 149, Janata: 59, Independents: 10

|D. Devaraj Urs

R. Gundu Rao

---

|1983

|Seventh Assembly

| Total: 224. Janata: 95, Congress (I): 82, BJP: 18, AIADMK: 1, and Independents: 21

|Ramakrishna Hegde

!rowspan=3 style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}"|

|rowspan=3|Janata

---

|rowspan=2"|1985

|rowspan=2"|Eighth Assembly

|rowspan=2"|Total: 224. Janata: 139, Congress: 65, BJP: 2, Independents: 13

|Ramakrishna Hegde

S. R. Bommai

---

|rowspan=3|1989

|rowspan=3|Ninth Assembly

|rowspan=3|Total: 224. Congress: 178, JD: 24, BJP: 4, AIADMK: 1, and Independents: 11

|Veerendra Patil

!rowspan=3 style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|

|rowspan=3|Congress

S.Bangarappa

M. Veerappa Moily

---

|rowspan=2"|1994

|rowspan=2"|Tenth Assembly

|rowspan=2"|Total: 224. JD: 115, BJP: 40, Congress: 34, KCP: 10, AIADMK: 1, and Independents: 17

|H. D. Deve Gowda

!rowspan=2 style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal}}"|

|rowspan=2|Janata Dal

J. H. Patel

---

|1999

|Eleventh Assembly

| Total: 224. Congress: 132, BJP: 44, JD(U): 18, JD(S): 10, AIADMK: 1, and Independents: 18

|S. M. Krishna

!rowspan=2 style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|

|rowspan=2|Congress

---

|rowspan=3"|2004

|rowspan=3"|Twelfth Assembly

|rowspan=3"|Total: 224. BJP: 79, Congress: 65, JD(S): 58

|Dharam Singh

H. D. Kumaraswamy

!style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}"|

|JD(S)

B. S. Yeddyurappa

!rowspan=4 style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|

|rowspan=4"|BJP

---

|rowspan=3"|2008

|rowspan=3"|Thirteenth Assembly

|rowspan=3"|Total: 224. BJP: 110, Congress: 80, JD(S): 28

|B. S. Yeddyurappa

D. V. Sadananda Gowda

Jagadish Shettar

---

|2013

|Fourteenth Assembly

| Total: 224. Congress: 122, BJP: 40, JD(S): 40, KJP: 6, BSR Congress: 4

|Siddaramaiah

!style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|

|Congress

---

|rowspan=3"|2018

|rowspan=3"|Fifteenth Assembly

|rowspan=3"|Total: 224 BJP: 104, Congress: 80, JD(S): 38, KPJP: 1, BSP: 1, IND: 1.

Fifteen MLAs from Congress and JD-S resigned in 2019, forcing a major bye-poll. After the bye-poll, BJP added 12 seats to go to 116 MLAs in the assembly. BSY became CM.

|H. D. Kumaraswamy

!style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}"|

|JD(S) (with Congress)

B. S. Yeddyurappa

!rowspan=2 style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|

|rowspan=2"|BJP

Basavaraj Bommai

---

|2023

|Sixteenth Assembly

|Total: 224. INC: 135, BJP: 66, JD(S): 19, Independents: 2, SKP: 1, KRPP: 1

|Siddaramaiah