Electoral Council
{{Short description|Election commission in the Netherlands}}
{{Infobox government agency
| name = Electoral Council
| native_name = Kiesraad
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| type =
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| logo = Kiesraad-logo prodesktop.svg
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| logo_caption = Logo of the Electoral Council since August 2023
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| formed = {{Start date|1917}}
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| agency_type = Election commission
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| headquarters = The Hague
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| budget = 12,061,000 euros (2023){{Cite web|url=https://www.kiesraad.nl/binaries/kiesraad/documenten/jaarverslagen/2024/03/18/jaarverslag-kiesraad-2023/Jaarverslag+Kiesraad+2023.pdf|title=Jaarverslag Kiesraad 2023|language=nl|date=19 March 2024}}
| deputyminister2_pfo =
| chief1_name = {{ill|Wim Kuijken|nl}}
| chief1_position = chair
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| parent_department = Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations
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| website = {{URL|https://english.kiesraad.nl/}}
}}
The Electoral Council{{Cite web|url=https://english.kiesraad.nl/about-us/history-of-the-electoral-council|title= History of the Electoral Council|access-date=1 October 2024}} ({{langx|nl|Kiesraad}}), until 1951 known as the central electoral committee ({{langx|nl|Centraal Stembureau}}), is an election commission in the Netherlands. The Council is responsible for determining the results and the allocation of seats for elections for the House of Representatives, Senate (since 1923) and the European Parliament. The Council also advices the government on suffrage and the elections. It was founded in 1917, when the elections for the House of Representatives switched to proportional representation.
History
As part of the Pacification of 1917, proportional representation was introduced for the elections for the House of Representatives. The {{ill|State Commission-Oppenheim|nl|Staatscommissie-Oppenheim (1913-1914)}} was tasked with creating a proposal for the elections. This required a national election commission, to determine the election results, which had been done locally before in the electoral districts. On 12 December 1917, the central electoral committee was created, with members of the State Commission-Oppenheim as the first members. This included active politicians of different parties, to provide legitimacy to the determination of the election results.{{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=13-17}}
The first election it certified was the 1918 general election.{{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|p=20}} In the period 1922-1923, the committee designed a regulation introducing proportional representation for the Senate. The committee got the same responsibility of determining the results, which it first put in practice during the {{ill|1923 Dutch Senate election|nl|Eerste Kamerverkiezingen 1923|lt=1923 Senate election}}.{{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|p=23}}
File:Loting lijstnummers nieuw verkiezingen deelnemende partijen voor Kiesraad Den Haag voorzitter Fransen, links Van Ommen Kloeke, Bestanddeelnr 931-4355.jpgs randomly for the 1981 general election.]]
Organisation
At the start, the Council comprised five members and three substitute members, although there was little difference in practice.{{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|p=15}} It has changed to seven members. Members are appointed for four years. As maximum of two reappointments was introduced later.{{Cite web|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vh8lnhrouwz4/kiesraad|title=Kiesraad|work=Parlement.com|language=nl|access-date=1 October 2024}}{{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|p=15}}
The Council is supported by a secretariat and a scientific Advisory Board.
= Chairs =
- {{ill|Jacques Oppenheim|nl}} (1918-1922){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=76-78}}
- {{ill|Teun Struycken (1873-1923)|nl|Teun Struycken (1873-1923)|lt=Teun Struycken}} (1922-1923){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=79-81}}
- {{ill|Alex van Lynden van Sandenburg|nl}} (1924-1928){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=82-84}}
- {{ill|Johan van Gelein Vitringa|nl}} (1928-1938){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=85-87}}
- {{ill|Egbert Beumer|nl}} (1938-1940){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=88-89}}
- George van den Bergh (1946-1963){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=90-93}}
- {{ill|Leopold Nijpels|nl}} (1963-1965){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=94-96}}
- Jan Donner (1966-1976){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=97-99}}
- Henk Beernink (1976-1979){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=100-102}}
- {{ill|H.J.M. Jeukens|nl}} (1979-1980){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=103-105}}
- {{ill|Huub Franssen|nl}} (1980-1989){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=106-107}}
- J.H. Prins (1990-1996){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=108-110}}
- Frank van Dooren (1996-2004){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=111-115}}
- Henk Kummeling (2005-2017){{sfn|Hörmann|de Jong|2016|pp=116-119}}
- {{ill|Jan Kees Wiebenga|nl}} (2017-2021){{Cite web|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llieijpa/j_g_c_jan_kees_wiebenga|title=Mr. J.G.C. (Jan Kees) Wiebenga|work=Parlement.com|language=nl|access-date=1 October 2024}}
- {{ill|Wim Kuijken|nl}} (2021-present){{Cite web|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lm01tbr7/w_j_wim_kuijken|title=Drs. W.J. (Wim) Kuijken|work=Parlement.com|language=nl|access-date=1 October 2024}}
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References
{{Reflist}}
= General references =
- {{Cite book|url=https://www.kiesraad.nl/binaries/kiesraad/documenten/publicaties/2016/12/publicatie-100-jaar-kiesraad/publicatie-100-jaar-kiesraad/Publicatie+100+jaar+Kiesraad.pdf|title=Honderd jaar Kiesraad. 1917-2017|isbn=978-90-821527-8-4|language=nl|date=2016|editor-first1=Heleen|editor-last1=Hörmann|editor-first2=Ron|editor-last2=de Jong}}
{{National election commissions}}