Elgin Bridge (Barabanki)
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{coord|27|5|52.5|N|81|28|50|E|display=title}}
{{Infobox bridge
|bridge_name = Elgin Bridge
|native_name =
|image =
|image_size =
|alt =
|caption =
|official_name = Elgin Bridge
|carries = Railways
|crosses = Confluence of Ghaghara River & Sharda River
|locale = Barabanki district
|maint =
|id =
|designer =
|design =
|builder =
|material =
|spans =
|pierswater =
|mainspan =
|length = {{convert|3695|ft|m}}
|width =
|height =
|load =
|clearance =
|below =
|traffic = Lucknow - Gorakhpur Railway Mainline
|begin = 1894
|complete = 1896
|open = 18 December 1896 in Meter Gauge; Re-open on 1990 in Broad Gauge
}}
Elgin Bridge is a {{convert|3695|ft|m}} long railway bridge across the Ghaghra River located in Barabanki district.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VP49AAAAMAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22+Barabanki | title=Murray's Handbook, India, Pakistan, Burma & Ceylon | publisher=J. Murray | date=1929 | accessdate=2013-06-29 | author=John Murray | pages=466}} The bridge falls on the Barabanki-Gonda section of the North Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dUlUAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22 | title=Indian Railways, Volume 32 | publisher=India. Railway Board | date=1987 | accessdate=2013-06-29 | pages=11}} The bridge is about {{convert|72|km|mi}} from Lucknow and stands at periodically changing confluence of two rivers i.e. Sharda River and Ghaghara River.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pSQ7AAAAMAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22 | title=International Railway Progress | publisher=Tothill Press | date=1984 | accessdate=2013-06-29 | pages=77}}{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TtpRAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22 | title=National Seminar on Real-Time Hydrological Forecasting: papers for discussion : 31 October 1984 and 1 November 1984 | publisher=India. Central Water Commission, India. Central Board of Irrigation and Power | date=1984 | accessdate=2013-06-29 | pages=412, 415, 420}} The bridge was built on dry land and then the river was trained under it.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUAKAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22 | title=Volume 12 of Imperial gazetteers of India, Imperial gazetteers of India Gazetteers of British India, 1833-1962 India gazetteers | publisher=Clarendon Press | date=1908 | accessdate=2013-06-30 |author1=William Wilson Hunter |author2=James Sutherland Cotton |author3=Richard Burn |author4=William Stevenson Meyer | pages=303}}
History & Details
The bridge construction started in 1894 & was completed in 1896. It was opened on 18 December 1896 having Meter Gauge track with the opening of Jarwal Road - Behramghat section of the Bengal and North Western Railway.{{cite web | url=http://indianrailwaynotes.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/north-eastern-railway.pdf | title=Indian Railways line history | accessdate=2013-06-30 | pages=2}} The bridge is named after Lord Elgin, Governor-General of India (21 March 1862 – 20 November 1863). Before construction of Elgin Bridge and opening of railways between Gonda and Barabanki most of the trade was done by the river route, once the bridge was constructed the river trade decreased greatly.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T-ArAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22 | title=District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, Volume 44 | publisher=United Provinces of Agra and Oudh (India) | date=1921 | accessdate=2013-06-30 | pages=9, 58, 59}} The bridge was closed for gauge conversion in 1987/88 and was later re-opened in 1989/90 with broad gauge track. Another bridge was constructed and opened parallel to the Elgin Bridge on 2010/11 during the doubling of the Lucknow - Gorakhpur railway mainline.
Importance
The bridge is an important point of experiment, research and monitoring for irrigation and flood related activities.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ius3AQAAIAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22 | title=Central Board of Irrigation Journal, Volume 7 | publisher=Central Board of Irrigation India | date=1950 | accessdate=2013-06-30 | pages=266, 597, 679}} There is a flood water level recording and forecasting station at the Elgin Bridge which records rise and fall in the Ghaghra River.{{cite web | url=http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/5DE90BE949457CB48525764D0054A4E2-Full_Report.pdf | title=Uttar Pradesh Situation Report | publisher=Sphere India | date=2009-10-10 | accessdate=2013-06-30 | pages=5}}{{cite web |url=http://www.sphereindia.org.in/Download/Sphere%20India%20SITREP%202%20(02-08-11).pdf |title=Sphere India Situation Report 2 |publisher=Sphere India |date=2011-08-02 |accessdate=2013-06-30 |pages=1, 2 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073816/http://www.sphereindia.org.in/Download/Sphere%20India%20SITREP%202%20%2802-08-11%29.pdf |archivedate=4 March 2016 |df=dmy }} Tehsil Ram Sanehi Ghat is threatened as soon as water crosses 347 ft mark at the Elgin Bridge.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SCFuAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Elgin+bridge%22 | title=Uttar Pradesh district gazetteers, Volume 42 Gazetteer of India Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers, Uttar Pradesh (India) | publisher=Govt. of Uttar Pradesh | date=1988 | accessdate=2013-06-30 | pages=7, 101, 104}}
Elgin-Charsari embankment
The Elgin-Charsari embankment is on the border of Barabanki district with Gonda district in Uttar Pradesh. The Elgin Charsari embankment runs along the river Ghagra in Barabanki and Gonda districts. The embankment is 52 km long, it starts from Elgin Bridge at Barabanki to Charsari village which is in Gonda district. When the embankment breaches several villages of district Barabanki and district Gonda are affected badly.{{cite news |title= |url=http://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-lucknow/20171025/281792809275721 |accessdate=20 August 2018 |via=PressReader}} In 2010 the embankment faced breach at kilometer 15 in front of Parsawal village and due to breach approximately 150 villages and 2.5 lakhs people were affected in district Barabanki and Gonda.{{cite journal |title=Situation assessment Report - Critical Situation of Elgin Charsadi Embankment |journal=Inter Agency Group - Uttar Pradesh (Iag - Up) |date=29 July 2011 |url=http://www.sphereindia.org.in/Download/Situation%20report%20of%20Elgin%20Charsadi%20Embankment.pdf |accessdate=20 August 2018}}