Elpida Hadjidaki
{{short description|Greek archaeologist}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Elpida Hadjidaki
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = Chania, Crete, Greece
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nationality = Greek
| other_names = Elpida Hadjidaki-Marder
| occupation = Marine archaeologist, director of the Greek Department of Maritime Antiquities{{cite web |last1=Wilford |first1=John Noble |title=Ancient Greek Shipwreck Found; Cargo Was Fine Wine |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/13/science/ancient-greek-shipwreck-found-cargo-was-fine-wine.html |website=New York Times |date=April 13, 1993}}
| years_active =
| known_for = First archaeologist to excavate the Peristera shipwreck; the first Minoan shipwreck; excavating Phalasarna
| notable_works = {{plainlist |
- The Classical and Hellenistic Harbor at Phalasarna: A Pirate's Port? (1988)
- The Minoan Shipwreck at Pseira, Crete (2021)
}}
| children = Nike Marder
}}
Elpida Hadjidaki or Chatzidaki ({{langx|el|Ελπίδα Χατζηδάκη}}{{cite journal | last = Chatzidaki | first = E. | author-link = Elpida Hadjidaki |title=Η Εφορεία Εναλίων Αρχαιοτήτων και τα Προγράμματα Υποβρυχίων Ανασκαφών |journal=Αρχαιολογία | volume = 51 | pages = 86–88 | url = http://www.arxaiologia.gr/assets/media/PDF/migrated/1110.pdf | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011070445/http://www.arxaiologia.gr/assets/media/PDF/migrated/1110.pdf | year = 1994 |archivedate=October 11, 2010 |language=Greek}}) is a Greek marine archaeologist specializing in ancient shipwrecks and harbor towns. She grew up in coastal Chania and was interested in maritime history from an early age. Hadjidaki learned to dive shortly after finishing high school.{{cite web |title=Elpida Hadjidaki |url=http://www.math.stonybrook.edu |website=Mathematics Department and the Institute for Mathematical Sciences |publisher=Stony Brook University |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129041627/http://www.math.stonybrook.edu/posterproject/biographies/hadjidaki.html |archivedate=January 29, 2017}} She has investigated multiple archaeological sites, including the Peristera shipwreck, a Minoan shipwreck near Pseira, and the ancient harbor town of Phalasarna.
She was friends with Honor Frost, a now deceased diver and underwater archaeologist.{{cite book |last1=Hadjidaki |first1=Elpida |editor1-last=Blue |editor1-first=Lucy |title=In the Footsteps of Honor Frost. The life and legacy of a pioneer in maritime archaeology |date=2019 |publisher=Sidestone Press |isbn=9789088908309 |pages=165–182 |url=http://www.ancientportsantiques.com/wp-content/uploads/Documents/PLACES/Crete-Cyprus/Phalasarna-Hadjidaki2019.pdf |chapter=Three Decades of Adventures with Honor Frost in Crete}}
Archaeological work
File:Phalasarna Round Tower Sea.jpg
Beginning in 1986, Elpida Hadjidaki and her crew began exploring Phalasarna, an ancient harbor town. Phalasarna may have participated in piracy in the Hellenistic period. Hadjidaki excavated multiple towers, fortification walls, commercial buildings, quays, a slipway and a cistern in the town, finding shards of amphorae, weapons, and pottery.
{{cite book
|last=Hadjidaki
|first=Elpida
|author-link=Elpida Hadjidaki
|date=2020
|title= Eleutherna, Crete and the Outside World
|chapter = Κατά θάλασσαν οι Φαλασάρνιοι (in Greek)
|editor-first1= Nicholas Chr.
|editor-last1= Stampolidis
|editor-first2= Mimika
|editor-last2= Giannopoulou
|url=https://phalasarna.weebly.com/uploads/1/5/1/6/15165156/chatzidakiphalasarnaeleutherna2020.pdf
|publisher= University of Crete
|page= 384-394
|isbn= 978-618-00-1858-5
}}
Phalasarna was a heavily fortified, independent town which minted its own coins.
In 1992, Hadjidaki led a team of archaeologists to explore the Peristera shipwreck, found off an islet near Alonnisos. While she didn't discover the wreck—a local fisherman did—her team was the first to fully examine it.
Hadjidaki and her coworkers found over a thousand amphorae lying unburied on the seafloor at the site of the wreck, with many fine ceramics beneath them. The ship had been carrying wine to sell. The wreck has been dated to between 420 and 400 BCE during Greece's Classical period.
The Peristera shipwreck is now an underwater museum. Hadjidaki is happy that the archaeological site is open to the public, and claims to have suggested this very idea shortly after the shipwreck was discovered.{{cite web |last1=Becatoros |first1=Elena |title=Uncovering the mysteries of the Alonnisos wreck |url=https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2019/04/09/uncovering-the-mysteries-of-the-alonissos-wreck/ |website=Navy Times |publisher=Associated Press |date=April 9, 2019}}
Hadjidaki searched for and explored a Minoan wreck off Pseira starting in 2003. A trading ship sank near the shore between 1725 and 1700 BCE.
{{cite book
|last=Hadjidaki-Marder
|first=Elpida
|author-link=Elpida Hadjidaki
|date=2021
|title= The Minoan Shipwreck at Pseira, Crete
|publisher= INSTAP Academic Press
|isbn= 9781931534291
}}
While the wooden ship itself hasn't been preserved, Hadjidaki and her team found a number of other artifacts: amphorae for transport of liquids, jugs, cooking equipment, cups, and fishing weights.{{cite journal |last1=Bonn-Muller |first1=Eti |title=First Minoan Shipwreck |journal=Archaeology |date=2010 |pages=44–47 |url=http://www.globaleditorialservices.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/First_Minoan_Shipwreck.pdf |publisher=Archaeological Institute of America}}
Publications
= Monographs =
- The Classical and Hellenistic Harbor at Phalasarna: A Pirate's Port? (1988)
- The Minoan Shipwreck at Pseira, Crete (2021)
= Book chapters =
- Crete beyond the Palaces (2004) - Chapter 4: "A Possible Minoan Harbor on South Crete"
- Digital Cultural Heritage (2019) - "Quasi–Mixed Reality in Digital Cultural Heritage. Combining 3D Reconstructions with Real Structures on Location—The Case of Ancient Phalasarna" with Gunnar Liestøl
- In the Footsteps of Honor Frost. The life and legacy of a pioneer in maritime archaeology (2019) - "Three Decades of Adventures with Honor Frost in Crete"
= Articles =
- The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration (1985){{cite journal |last1=Hadjidaki |first1=Elpida |last2=Lianos |first2=Nikos |last3=Edwards |first3=Mark |title=A preliminary report on an underwater survey at Plitra, South Laconia, Greece: 1980 |journal=The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration |date=1985 |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=227–236 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-9270.1985.tb01224.x |bibcode=1985IJNAr..14..227H |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1985.tb01224.x}}
- American Journal of Archaeology (1988){{cite journal |last1=Hadjidaki |first1=Elpida |title=Preliminary Report of Excavations at the Harbor of Phalasarna in West Crete |journal=American Journal of Archaeology |date=October 1988 |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=463–479 |doi=10.2307/505244 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/505244 |publisher=Archaeological Institute of America|jstor=505244 |s2cid=193076496 }}
- Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens (1990){{cite journal |last1=Frost |first1=Frank J. |last2=Hadjidaki |first2=Elpida |title=Excavations at the Harbor of Phalasarna in Crete: The 1988 Season |journal=Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens |date=1990 |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=513–527 |jstor=148300 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/148300}}
- Bulletin de correspondance hellénique (1996){{cite journal |last1=Hadjidaki |first1=Elpida |title=Underwater Excavations of a Late Fifth Century Merchant Ship at Alonnesos, Greece : the 1991-1993 Seasons |journal=Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique |date=1996 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=561–593 |doi=10.3406/bch.1996.4619 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/bch_0007-4217_1996_num_120_2_4619?pageid=t1_592}}
References
{{Reflist}}
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Category:Greek women archaeologists
Category:Classical archaeologists
Category:20th-century Greek archaeologists
Category:21st-century archaeologists
Category:Underwater archaeologists
Category:20th-century antiquarians
Category:21st-century antiquarians