Exocarpos
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plant in the mistletoe family Santalaceae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Exocarpos cupressiformis.jpg
|image_caption = Cherry ballart (Exocarpos cupressiformis)
|taxon = Exocarpos
|authority = Pers.
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
}}
Exocarpos is a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees in the sandalwood family, Santalaceae. They are found throughout Southeast Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.{{Cn|date=March 2025}}
They are semi-parasitic, requiring the roots of a host tree, a trait they share with many other members of the Santalaceae.{{Cn|date=March 2025}}
In Australia, some species are also known as ballarts or cherries.
The genus Exocarpos was first described by Jacques Labillardière on 7 May 1792:
I discovered an evergreen tree, which has its nut situated, like that of the acajou, upon a fleshy receptacle much larger than itself. I therefore named this new genus exocarpos. . . . The principal characters of this plant have led me to rank it among the terebinthinaceous tribe, next to the anacardium. I have given it the name of exocarpos cupressiformis.{{Cite book |last=Labillardière |first=Jacques Julien Houton de |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/79817#page/214/mode/1up |title=Voyage in search of La Pérouse : performed by order of the Constituent Assembly, during the years 1791, 1792, 1793, and 1794 |last2=Labillardière |first2=Jacques Julien Houton de |publisher=John Stockdale |year=1800 |volume=1 |location=London |pages=198-199 |language=English |trans-title=Relation du Voyage à la Recherche de la Pérouse}}Convention dictates that the taxon is often expressed as Exocarpos Labill. 1798.{{Cn|date=March 2025}}
The name exocarpos derives from the Greek exo (outside) and caryon (nut).{{Cite web |title=Seeds of South Australia - Species Information |url=https://spapps.environment.sa.gov.au/SeedsOfSA/speciesinformation.html?rid=1928 |access-date=2025-04-11 |website=spapps.environment.sa.gov.au}}
Within Australia, an identification key is available for New South Wales species,{{cite web |title=Genus Exocarpos |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=gn&name=Exocarpos |website=PlantNET |publisher=National Herbarium of NSW |accessdate=26 January 2019}} and for Victorian species.{{Cite web|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/key/2457|title="Key to Exocarpos", Flora of Victoria|website=vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au|access-date=2019-08-24}}
''Exocarpos'' species
- Exocarpos aphyllus R.Br. - Leafless ballart,{{cite web |title=Exocarpos aphyllus |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Exocarpos~aphyllus |website=PlantNET |publisher=National Herbarium of NSW |accessdate=26 January 2019}} jointed cherry
- Exocarpos bidwillii Hook.f. New Zealand{{Cite web |title=Exocarpos bidwillii |url=https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/exocarpos-bidwillii/ |access-date=2025-02-11 |website=New Zealand Plant Conservation Network |language=en}}
- Exocarpos cupressiformis Labill. - Cherry ballart, cypress cherry
- Exocarpos dasystachys Schltdl.
- Exocarpos floribunda Domin
- Exocarpos gaudichaudii A.DC. - Hulumoa (Hawai{{okina}}i){{cite web |url=http://plants.usda.gov/java/county?state_name=Hawaii&statefips=15&symbol=EXGA |title=Exocarpos gaudichaudii A.DC. - hulumoa EXGA in the state of Hawaii |work=The PLANTS Database |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |accessdate=2009-04-05}}
- Exocarpos glandulacea Miq.
- Exocarpos homalocladus C.Moore & F.Muell. - Grass tree
- Exocarpos humifusus R.Br.
- Exocarpos latifolius R.Br. - Broad-leaved cherry
- Exocarpos leptomerioides Miq.
- Exocarpos longifolius (L.) Endl.
- Exocarpos luteolus Forbes - Heau (Island of Kaua{{okina}}i in Hawai{{okina}}i){{cite web |url=http://plants.usda.gov/java/county?state_name=Hawaii&statefips=15&symbol=EXLU |title=Exocarpos menziesii Stauffer - Menzies' ballart EXME in the state of Hawaii |work=The PLANTS Database |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |accessdate=2009-04-05}}
- Exocarpos menziesii Stauffer - Heau (Hawai{{okina}}i){{cite web |url=http://plants.usda.gov/java/county?state_name=Hawaii&statefips=15&symbol=EXME |title=Exocarpos luteolus Forbes - leafy ballart EXLU in the state of Hawaii |work=The PLANTS Database |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |accessdate=2009-04-05}}
- Exocarpos nanus Hook.f. - Alpine ballart
- Exocarpos odoratus (Miq.) A.DC. - Scented ballart
- Exocarpos pendula F.Muell.
- Exocarpos sparteus R.Br. - Broom ballart, slender cherry
- Exocarpos strictus R.Br. - Pale-fruit ballart, dwarf cherry
- Exocarpos syrticola (F.Muell. ex Miq.) Stauffer - Coast ballart
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/wintab What's Its Name?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117091509/http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/wintab |date=2017-11-17 }}
- [http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/search/quick?q=Exocarpos FloraBase - The West Australian Flora: Exocarpos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929170912/http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/search/quick?q=Exocarpos |date=2007-09-29 }}
- [http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&search=yes&namesearch=exocarpos&showsyn=OK&dist= PlantNet - New South Wales Flora Online: Exocarpos]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q5420498}}
{{Santalales-stub}}