Exter Formation
{{Short description|Geological formation in Germany}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Exter Formation
| image = WAK_UETTERODA_SANDSTEIN.jpg
| caption = Exter Formation at Krauthausen
| type = Formation
| age = Rhaetian
~{{fossil range|208|201}}
| period = Rhaetian
| prilithology = Claystone, siltstone, sandstone
| otherlithology = Coal
| namedfor =
| namedby =
| region = Niedersachsen, Baden-Württemberg, Westphalia, Bavaria
| country = {{flag|Germany}}
| coordinates = {{coord|48.6|N|9.1|E|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|36.1|N|10.8|E|display=inline}}
| unitof = Keuper
| subunits = Rinteln, Oeynhausen & Vahlbruch Subformations
| underlies = Black Jurassic
| overlies = Arnstadt & Trossingen Formations
| thickness = Typically between {{convert|100|and|150|m|ft|abbr=on}}
Locally {{convert|250|m|ft|abbr=on}} in northern Germany
Up to {{convert|45|m|ft|abbr=on}} in southern Germany
| extent = Widespread
| area =
| map = {{Location map+ | Germany
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | Germany
| lat_deg = 48.6
| lon_deg = 9.1
| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
{{Location map~ | Germany
| lat_deg = 48.7
| lon_deg = 9.1
| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
{{Location map~ | Germany
| lat_deg = 48.6
| lon_deg = 9.1
| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
{{Location map~ | Germany
| lat_deg = 52.1
| lon_deg = 10.7
| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
{{Location map~ | Germany
| lat_deg = 51.6
| lon_deg = 9.1
| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
{{Location map~ | Germany
| lat_deg = 53.2
| lon_deg = 14.4
| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
| marksize = 10
}}
}}
| map_caption =
}}
The Exter Formation is the only formation of the Upper Keuper or Rhätsandstein, and is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Rhaetian of the Triassic period (specifically around 205 Ma).[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Exter&group_formation_member=Exter Exter Formation] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Keuper&formation=Rh%E4tkeuper&group_formation_member=Rh%E4tkeuper Rhätkeuper] at Fossilworks.org
Fossil content
= Mammals =
= Therapsids =
= Reptiles =
{{div col}}
- "Ichthyosaurus" rhaeticus
- Megalosaurus cloacinus
- Nothosaurus cloacinus
- Phytosaurus cubicodon?
- Phytosaurus cylindricodon?
- Plateosaurus ornatus
- Rhaeticosaurus mertensiWintrich et al., 2017
- Termatosaurus albertii
- Termatosaurus crocodilinus
- Plateosaurus sp.Fraas, 1897
- Plesiosauria indet.
{{div col end}}
= Fish =
= Insects =
= Flora =
See also
References
{{reflist|2}}
= Bibliography =
- {{citation |last1=Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert |first1=J. H. A. |last2=Pott |first2=C. |last3=Schmeißner |first3=S. |last4=Dütsch |first4=G. |last5=Kustatscher |first5=E. |year=2021 |title=The Rhaetian flora of Wüstenwelsberg, Bavaria, Germany: Description of selected gymnosperms (Ginkgoales, Cycadales, Coniferales) together with an ecological assessment of the locally prevailing vegetation |journal=Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology |volume=288 |issue=Article 104398 |pages= |doi=10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104398|bibcode=2021RPaPa.28804398V }}
- {{citation |last1=Wintrich |first1=T. |first2=S. |last2=Hayashi |first3=A. |last3=Houssaye |first4=Y. |last4=Nakajima |first5=P. M. |last5=Sander |year=2017 |title=A Triassic plesiosaurian skeleton and bone histology inform on evolution of a unique body plan |journal=Science Advances |volume=3 |issue=12 |pages=e1701144|doi=10.1126/sciadv.1701144 |pmid=29242826 |pmc=5729018 |bibcode=2017SciA....3E1144W }}
- {{citation |last1=Barth |first1=G. |first2=A. |last2=Nel |first3=M. |last3=Franz |year=2013 |title=Two new odonate-like insect wings from the latest Norian of northern Germany |journal=Polish Journal of Entomology |volume=82 |issue=3 |pages=127–142|doi=10.2478/v10200-012-0029-4 }}
- {{citation |last=v. Huene |first=F |year=1940 |title=Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. Pars 93: Mammalia Triadica |publisher=F. Quenstedt (ed.) |pages=1–13}}
- {{citation |last=Hennig |first=E |year=1922 |title=Die Säugerzähne des württembergischen Rhät-Lias-Bonebeds |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie |volume=46 |pages=181–267}}
- {{citation |last=Fraas |first=E |year=1897 |title=Reste von Zanclodon aus dem oberen Keuper vom Langenberge bei Wolfenbüttel - Remains of Zanclodon from the upper Keuper of Langenberge near Wolfenbüttel |journal=Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft |volume=49 |pages=482–485}}
- {{citation |last=Plieninger |first=W. H |year=1847 |title=Zahne aus der oberen Grenzbreccie des Keupers bei Degerloch und Steinenbronn |journal=Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg |volume=3 |pages=164–167}}