FN SCAR#HAMR IAR
{{Short description|Family of military rifles}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name = FN SCAR
| image = FN SCAR.jpg
| caption =
| type = Assault rifle (SCAR-L)
Battle rifle (SCAR-H)
Squad automatic weapon (HAMR)
Designated marksman rifle (Mk 20 SSR)
| service = 2009–present
| wars = War in Afghanistan (2001–2021){{cite web|url=http://www.dhnet.be/infos/belgique/article/322568/une-arme-liegeoise-en-afghanistan.html|title=Une arme liégeoise en Afghanistan|publisher=Dhnet.be|date=23 August 2010|access-date=19 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120192248/http://www.dhnet.be/infos/belgique/article/322568/une-arme-liegeoise-en-afghanistan.html|archive-date=20 November 2011|url-status=live}}
Iraq War
Mexican Drug War
Yemeni Civil War
Conflict in Najran, Jizan and Asir
Russo-Ukrainian War
M23 offensive
Internal Conflict in Peru
| designer = FN Herstal / FN America
| length = *{{cvt|889|mm|in}} stock extended, {{cvt|635|mm|in}} stock folded (SCAR-L)
- {{cvt|965|mm|in}} stock extended, {{cvt|711|mm|in}} stock folded (SCAR-H)
| action = Gas-operated short-stroke piston, rotating bolt
| image_size = 300
| origin = Belgium
| is_ranged = Yes
| used_by = See Users
| design_date = 2004
| manufacturer = FN Herstal / FN America
| production_date = 2004–present
| variants = See Variants
| weight = *{{cvt|3.29|kg|lb}} (SCAR-L)
- {{cvt|3.58|kg|lb}} (SCAR-H)
| part_length = *{{cvt|355|mm|in}} (SCAR-L)
- {{cvt|400|mm|in}} (SCAR-H)
| cartridge = 5.56×45mm NATO (SCAR-L, SCAR PDW, SCAR-HAMR)
7.62×51mm NATO (SCAR-H, Mk 20 SSR)
6.5mm Creedmoor (Mk 20 SSR)
.300 Blackout (SCAR-SC)
| rate = * SCAR-H: 550 rounds/min
- SCAR-L: 650 rounds/min
| velocity = * SCAR-H: {{cvt|870|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}
- SCAR-L: {{cvt|710|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}
| range = * SCAR-L: {{cvt|500|m|yd}}
- SCAR-H: {{cvt|600|m|yd}}
| feed = * SCAR-L: 30-round STANAG box magazine
- SCAR-H: 20-round box magazine
- SCAR-20S: 10-round box magazine
| sights = Iron sights and Picatinny rail for various optical sights
}}
The FN SCAR (SOF (Special Operations Forces) Combat Assault Rifle){{cite web|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/contents/News/PDFs/3-2-06_FN_SCAR_2.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060701110329/http://www.fnhusa.com/contents/News/PDFs/3-2-06_FN_SCAR_2.pdf |archive-date=1 July 2006 |title=The Making of the 21st Century Assault Rifle: SCAR SOF Combat Assault Rifle |date=1 July 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011}} is a family of gas-operated short-stroke gas piston{{cite web |url=http://www.fnhusa.com/le/products/firearms/model.asp?gid=&fid=fnf022&mid=FNM0111 |title=SCAR 16 |website=www.fnhusa.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628123121/http://www.fnhusa.com/le/products/firearms/model.asp?gid=&fid=fnf022&mid=FNM0111 |archive-date=28 June 2012}} automatic rifles developed by Belgian manufacturer FN Herstal (FN) in 2004.{{cite web|url=http://fnhusa1.com/PDF/FN_MIL_SCAR.pdf|title=FN SCAR. The Next Generation of Assault Rifles|publisher=FN America|access-date=24 June 2010|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711014552/http://fnhusa1.com/PDF/FN_MIL_SCAR.pdf|archive-date=11 July 2011}} It is constructed with modularity for the United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM) to satisfy the requirements of the SCAR competition.Humphries, Michael. [http://www.americanrifleman.org/ArticlePage.aspx?id=1552&cid=0 FN's SCAR: A Cut Above], American Rifleman, July 2009. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208165450/http://www.americanrifleman.org/ArticlePage.aspx?id=1552&cid=0 |date=8 December 2015}} This family of rifles consists of two main types. The SCAR-L, for "light", is chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO and the SCAR-H, for "heavy", is chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO. Both types are available in Close Quarters Combat (CQC), Standard (STD), and Long Barrel (LB) variants.
In early 2004, United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) issued a solicitation for a family of Special Operations Forces Combat Assault Rifles, the so-called SCAR, designed around two different calibers but featuring high commonality of parts and identical ergonomics. The SCAR system completed low rate initial production testing in June 2007.{{Cite web|url=http://www.defensetech.org/archives/003597.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928004900/http://www.defensetech.org/archives/003597.html|url-status=usurped|title=Defense Tech: Meet the SCAR|archive-date=28 September 2007}} After some delays, the first rifles began to be issued to operational units in April 2009, and a battalion of the U.S. 75th Ranger Regiment was the first large unit deployed into combat with 600 of the rifles in 2009.[http://www.armytimes.com/article/20090511/NEWS/905110317/75th-Rangers-will-take-SCAR-to-war 75th Rangers will take SCAR to War], Matthew Cox, Army Times, 12 May 2009
The U.S. Special Operations Command later cancelled their purchase of the SCAR-L and planned to remove the rifle from their inventory by 2013. However, they will continue to purchase the SCAR-H version, and also plan to purchase 5.56 mm conversion kits for the SCAR-H, allowing it to substitute for the SCAR-L.{{Cite web |url=http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2011SOFIC/Wed1015Rms24_25Carley.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008181942/http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2011SOFIC/Wed1015Rms24_25Carley.pdf |archive-date=8 October 2012 |url-status=dead}} As of 2015, the SCAR was in service in over 20 countries.{{cite web|url=http://fnherstal.com/primary-menu/news/press-releases/2015/idex-2015.html|title=IDEX 2015|work=fnherstal.com|access-date=23 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316183333/http://www.fnherstal.com/primary-menu/news/press-releases/2015/idex-2015.html|archive-date=16 March 2015|url-status=dead}}
Overview
{{More citations needed section|date=November 2021}}
File:STO Capt Barry Crawford Afghanistan.jpg with the SCAR-L (Mk 16) in Afghanistan.]]
The SCAR is manufactured in two main versions; the SCAR-L ("Light") and SCAR-H ("Heavy"). The SCAR-L fires 5.56×45mm NATO rounds from STANAG (M16) magazines. The SCAR-H fires the more powerful 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge from proprietary 20-round magazines. Varied barrel lengths are also available for different purposes, such as close quarters battle or long-range engagements. The initial solicitation indicated that the SCAR-H would also be capable of being chambered in the 7.62×39mm M43 Kalashnikov cartridge, as well as the 6.8×43mm Remington SPC cartridge, however, FN is not currently offering this configuration, and the models have likely been cancelled.
The SCAR-L, designated Mk 16 by USSOCOM, was intended to replace the M4A1, the Mk 18 CQBR and the Mk 12 SPR that had been in service (before SOCOM decided to cancel the order for the Mk 16 Mod 0, see below), whereas the Mk 17 (SCAR-H) had been intended to replace the M14 and Mk 11 sniper rifles in use. However, the weapon will only supplement other weapons, while issuance remains of the operator's discretion.
The semi-automatic only Mk 20 Mod 0 Sniper Support Rifle (SSR) is based on the SCAR-H. It includes a longer receiver, a beefed-up barrel extension and barrel profile to reduce whip and improve accuracy, and an enhanced modular trigger that can be configured for single-stage or two-stage operation together with either a folding or a non-folding precision stock.{{cite journal |last1= Wasseby|first1=Daniel |year=2010 |title=SCAR Variant approved for full-rate production |journal=Jane's Defence Weekly |volume=47 |issue=51 |page=11}}
The SCAR has two receivers: The lower is constructed of polymer, and the upper receiver is one piece and constructed of aluminum.[https://books.google.com/books?id=SJYjP_tJ9_wC Cartridges and Firearm Identification, Advances in materials science and engineering] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103063234/http://books.google.com/books?id=SJYjP_tJ9_wC |date=3 January 2014}}, p295, by Robert E. Walker, Publisher CRC Press, 2012, {{ISBN|9781466502062}} The SCAR features an integral, uninterrupted Picatinny rail on the top of the aluminium receiver, two removable side rails and a bottom one that can mount any MIL-STD-1913 compliant accessories. The lower receiver is designed with an M16 compatible pistol grip, flared magazine well, and raised area around the magazine and bolt release buttons. The front sight flips down for unobstructed use of optics and accessories. The rifle uses a "tappet" type of closed gas system much like the M1 carbine while the bolt carrier otherwise resembles the Stoner 63 or Heckler & Koch G36.
The SCAR is built at the FN Manufacturing, LLC plant in Columbia, South Carolina, in the United States. Since 2008, FN Herstal has been offering semi-automatic versions of the SCAR rifles for commercial and law enforcement use. These are dubbed the 16S (Light) and 17S (Heavy), and are manufactured in Herstal, Belgium and imported by FN Herstal's U.S. subsidiary FN America of Fredericksburg, Virginia.{{cite web|url=http://www.thetacticalwire.com/release.html?releaseID=139975 |title=Civilian-Legal FN SCAR 16S Delivered at End of 2008, All Gone |publisher=Thetacticalwire.com |date=7 January 2009 |access-date=19 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008112444/http://www.thetacticalwire.com/release.html?releaseID=139975 |archive-date=8 October 2011}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/le/products/firearms/family.asp?fid=FNF054&gid=FNG006 |title=SCAR Semi-auto |publisher=FNHUSA.com |access-date=19 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202193209/http://www.fnhusa.com/le/products/firearms/family.asp?fid=FNF054&gid=FNG006 |archive-date=2 December 2011}} FN America slightly modifies the rifles (supplying a U.S. made magazine and machining a pin in the magazine well) to be in compliance with U.S. Code before selling them.
The FN SCAR 20S Precision Rifle chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO was introduced in 2019. It is a semi-automatic only civilian version of the FN Mk 20 SSR. In 2020 the FN SCAR 20S 6.5CM variant was announced chambered in 6.5mm Creedmoor.{{Cite web|url=https://fnamerica.com/products/fn-scar-series/fn-scar-20s-6-5cm-blk/|title=FN SCAR® 20S 6.5CM BLK|access-date=2 April 2020|archive-date=15 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115145716/https://fnamerica.com/products/fn-scar-series/fn-scar-20s-6-5cm-blk/|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=https://vavqj34csem437aom2bekqda-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2001_FN_SCAR_20s_sellsheets_MSRP.pdf|title=FN SCAR 20S 6.5 Creedmoor}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.gunsandammo.com/editorial/fn-scar-20s-65-creedmoor-review/372271|title=FN SCAR 20S 6.5 Creedmoor Review|first=Jim|last=Angell|date=14 February 2020|website=Guns and Ammo}} This chambering has been selected by USSOCOM for long-range use.{{Cite web|url=https://uklandpower.com/2018/10/31/the-us-army-special-operations-command-usasoc-6-5-mm-precision-intermediate-calibre/ |title=The US Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) 6.5 mm Precision Intermediate Calibre|date=31 October 2018}}
={{Anchor|FN40GL}}Enhanced Grenade Launcher Module=
File:Air-to-ground attacks coordinated by 320 STS, 5th ANGLICO 170310-F-GR156-0219.jpg
Introduced in 2004 as an addition, the Enhanced Grenade Launching Module{{cite web|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/mil/scar.asp |title=FN America |publisher=FN America |access-date=19 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824050531/http://www.fnhusa.com/mil/scar.asp |archive-date=24 August 2011}} (EGLM), officially referred to as the FN40GL, or Mk 13 Mod 0, is a 40 mm grenade launcher based on the GL1 designed for the F2000. The FN40GL is marketed in both an L (Light) and H (Heavy) model, for fitting the appropriate SCAR variant.{{cite web |url=http://www.fnherstal.com/index.php?id=265 |title=Grenade Launchers |publisher=FNHerstal.com |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120102024214/http://www.fnherstal.com/index.php?id=265 |archive-date=2 January 2012 |url-status=live}} The EGLM system features a double-action trigger and a swing-out chamber. These offer two advantages over the M203 system, the first being that the launcher does not need to be re-cocked if the grenade does not fire, and the latter being that longer grenades can be used. Like the M203, the FN40GL uses the same High-Low Propulsion System.
The FN40GL is deemed a third-generation grenade launcher, meaning it is multifunctional: it can be used mounted to the rifle or as a stand-alone system; it is manufactured using a number of materials like aluminum, composites, and polymers; the breech opens to the side for use of longer 40 mm rounds including less-than-lethal; and it is mounted on the bottom accessory rail instead of requiring specialized mounting hardware. The FN40GL is attached to SCAR rifles on the bottom rail with a trigger adapter and dual locking clamp levers on the launcher, limiting the ability to integrate with other rifles. Barrel length is {{convert|9.6|in|mm|abbr=on|order=flip}}, and is unique in that it is the only system where the barrel can swivel to the left or right for loading, while other breech-loading launchers pivot specifically to one side. This enhances its ambidexterity, making it easy for a left-handed operator to load under fire. The standalone stock assembly has the FN40GL mounted to the bottom rail as with the rifle, but still has 3 o'clock, 6 o'clock, and 9 o'clock rail positions for other accessories. This is mainly during non-lethal uses for other mounted additions like LED lights and laser dazzlers. The trigger is placed lower than normal for operation with the user's middle finger while keeping their trigger finger free to use the rifle. The double-action trigger is long and heavy to prevent easily and unintentionally firing a round under stress.[http://sadefensejournal.com/wp/?p=817 FN SCAR 47GL / MK 17] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111202856/http://sadefensejournal.com/wp/?p=817 |date=11 November 2013}} - SAdefensejournal.com, 9 January 2012 It can fire the Pike 40 mm guided munition.
=FNAC=
In July 2007, the United States Army announced a limited competition between the M4 carbine, FN SCAR, HK416, and the previously shelved HK XM8. Ten examples of each of the four competitors were involved. During the testing, 6,000 rounds apiece were fired from each of the carbines in an "extreme dust environment". The purpose of the shoot-off was to assess future needs, not to select a replacement for the M4.{{cite web|url=http://www.military.com/NewsContent/0,13319,143790,00.html?ESRC=army-a.nl|title=Army Agrees to M4 Sand Test Shoot-Off|publisher=Military.com|access-date=19 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012153212/http://www.military.com/NewsContent/0,13319,143790,00.html?ESRC=army-a.nl|archive-date=12 October 2007|url-status=live}}
During the test, the SCAR suffered 226 stoppages. Since a percentage of each weapons' stoppages were caused by magazine failures, the FN SCAR, XM8 and HK416 performed statistically similarly.{{cite web|url=http://www.armytimes.com/news/2007/12/army_carbine_dusttest_071217/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120630044756/http://www.armytimes.com/news/2007/12/army_carbine_dusttest_071217/|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 June 2012|title=Newer carbines outperform M4 in dust test|publisher=Army Times|access-date=19 September 2011}} The FN SCAR ranked second to the XM8 with 127 stoppages, but with fewer stoppages compared to the M4 with 882 stoppages and the HK416 with 233. This test was based on two previous systems assessments that were conducted using the M4 carbine and M16 rifle at Aberdeen Proving Ground in 2006 and the summer of 2007 before the third limited competition in the fall of 2007. The 2006 test focused only on the M4 and M16. The Summer 2007 test had only the M4 but increased lubrication. Results from the second test resulted in a total of 307 stoppages for the M4 after lubrication was increased, but did not explain why the M4 suffered 882 stoppages with that same level of lubrication in the third test.{{Cite web|url=http://www.defensetech.org/archives/003909.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223084812/http://www.defensetech.org/archives/003909.html|url-status=usurped|title=Collaboration between DefenseTech and LEON|archive-date=23 December 2007}}
The SCAR was one of the weapons displayed to U.S. Army officials during an invitation-only Industry Day on 13 November 2008. The goal of the Industry Day was to review current carbine technology for any situation prior to writing formal requirements for a future replacement for the M4 carbine.{{cite web|url=http://www.armytimes.com/news/2008/11/army_carbineday_112308w/|title=Army considers options in replacing the M4 – Army News | News from Afghanistan & Iraq|publisher=Army Times|access-date=19 September 2011|archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20090716163719/http://www.armytimes.com/news/2008/11/army_carbineday_112308w/|archive-date=16 July 2009|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.militarytimes.com/multimedia/photo/replacing_the_m4/|title=Military Photos: military images, military pictures, Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines|date=16 February 2007|publisher=Military Times|access-date=19 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714094805/http://www.militarytimes.com/multimedia/photo/replacing_the_m4/|archive-date=14 July 2011}}
The SCAR was one of the competing weapons in the Individual Carbine competition which aimed to find a replacement for the M4 carbine.{{cite web|url=http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2010armament/TuesdayLandmarkBTamilio.pdf|title=Project Manager Soldier Weapons Briefing for NDIA|last=Fuller|first=BG Peter N.|date=18 May 2010|publisher=United States Army|author2=COL Douglas A. Tamilio|work=PEO Soldier|access-date=17 November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114024552/http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2010armament/TuesdayLandmarkBTamilio.pdf|archive-date=14 November 2011}} A variant of the SCAR was entered into the competition, known as the FNAC (FN Advanced Carbine). The weapon is similar to the SCAR Mk 16 Mod 0 but with modifications including a {{convert|0.3|lb|g|order=flip|abbr=on}} weight reduction resulting in a loaded weight of {{convert|7.95|lb|kg|abbr=on|order=flip}}, a bayonet lug for an M9 bayonet (which the Mk 16 does not have), a rail mounted folding front iron sight instead of the gas block mounted sight, and a non-reciprocating charging handle.{{cite web|url=http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2012/02/20/fnac-fn-advanced-carbine/|title=FNAC (FN Advanced Carbine) - The Firearm Blog|work=The Firearm Blog|access-date=25 December 2014|date=20 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223231534/http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2012/02/20/fnac-fn-advanced-carbine/|archive-date=23 December 2014|url-status=live}}[http://kitup.military.com/2012/10/ausa12-photos-fns-advanced-carbine.html New Photos of FN's Advanced Carbine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216223723/http://kitup.military.com/2012/10/ausa12-photos-fns-advanced-carbine.html |date=16 December 2014}} - Kitup.Military.com, 23 October 2012[http://www.armyrecognition.com/ausa_2013_show_daily_news_coverage_report/fn_usa_presents_the_next_evolution_in_carbines_for_the_united_states_army_at_ausa_2013_2210134.html FN USA presents the next evolution in carbines for the United States Army at AUSA 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106041556/http://www.armyrecognition.com/ausa_2013_show_daily_news_coverage_report/fn_usa_presents_the_next_evolution_in_carbines_for_the_united_states_army_at_ausa_2013_2210134.html |date=6 January 2014}} - Armyrecognition.com, 22 October 2013 The competition was cancelled before a winner was chosen.[http://www.military.com/daily-news/2013/06/13/army-kills-competition-to-replace-m4.html?ESRC=sm_todayinmil.nl Army Kills Competition to Replace M4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922093821/http://www.military.com/daily-news/2013/06/13/army-kills-competition-to-replace-m4.html?ESRC=sm_todayinmil.nl |date=22 September 2013}} - Military.com, 13 June 2013
=HAMR IAR=
In 2008, a variant of the FN SCAR—the Heat Adaptive Modular Rifle (HAMR)—was one of four finalist rifles for the Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR) competition. The IAR was a United States Marine Corps requirement for a lightweight automatic rifle for squad automatic rifle use.[http://www.fnhusa.com/mil/press/detail.asp?id=49 FN Herstal Announces FN IAR Award], Retrieved 5 February 2009 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927163302/http://www.fnhusa.com/mil/press/detail.asp?id=49|date=27 September 2011}} The FN entry was different from existing SCAR versions in that it combined closed bolt operation (fires from bolt forward/chambered cartridge) with open bolt operation (fires from bolt to the rear, no chambered cartridge), switching automatically from closed to open bolt as the weapon's barrel heats up during firing. There have been previous firearms with mixed open/closed bolt operation, but the automatic temperature-based operating mode switch is an innovation. The IAR competition was expected to result in Marine Corps procurement of up to 6,500 automatic rifles over five years,{{cite web|url=http://www.defenselink.mil/contracts/contract.aspx?contractid=3928|title=Contract #3928|publisher=DefenseLink.mil|access-date=19 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513051338/http://www.defenselink.mil/contracts/contract.aspx?contractid=3928|archive-date=13 May 2009}} but eventually the SCAR variant was passed over in favor of the Heckler and Koch HK416 rifle,{{cite news|title=Frontrunner chosen in IAR contest|last=Lamothe|first=Dan|date=14 December 2009|newspaper=Marine Corps Times|page=20}} later designated as the M27.{{cite news|url=http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2010/07/marine_IAR_070110w/|title=Conway eyes additional testing for auto-rifle|last=Lamothe|first=Dan|date=2 July 2010|newspaper=Marine Corps Times|access-date=2 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714034706/http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2010/07/marine_IAR_070110w/|archive-date=14 July 2011}}
Adoption
File:United States Navy SEALs 124.jpg
File:United States Navy SEALs 188.jpg with the SCAR-H STD (Mk 17)]]
File:United States Navy SEALs 407.jpg conducting training with the FN SCAR-H STD (Mk 17) with a suppressor.]]
= Acceptance of the FN SCAR in the U.S. military =
On 4 May 2010, a press release on FN America's official website announced the SCAR Acquisition Decision Memorandum was finalized on 14 April 2010, moving the SCAR program to the Milestone C phase. This was an approval for the entire weapons family of the SCAR-L, SCAR-H, and the Enhanced Grenade Launcher Module.{{cite web|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/le/press/detail.asp?id=82 |title=Press Release Detail |publisher=FN America |access-date=19 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711014543/http://www.fnhusa.com/le/press/detail.asp?id=82 |archive-date=11 July 2011}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/le/press/detail.asp?id=59 |title=Press Release Detail |publisher=FN America |date=12 May 2009 |access-date=19 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223023636/http://www.fnhusa.com/le/press/detail.asp?id=59 |archive-date=23 December 2010}}
The Mk 16 has a rate of fire of 625 rounds per minute while the Mk 17 has a rate of fire of 600 rounds per minute. This was done to improve control during fully automatic fire.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}
In late October 2010, SOCOM approved full-rate production of the Mk 20 sniper variant of the SCAR, with fielding beginning in mid-May 2011.
=Cancellation of procurement of the Mk 16=
On 25 June 2010, SOCOM announced that it was cancelling the acquisition of the Mk 16, citing limited funds and a lack of enough of a performance difference in comparison to other 5.56mm rifles to justify the purchase. Remaining funds would be expended for the SCAR-H and the Mk 20 sniper variant. At the time, SOCOM had bought 850 Mk 16s and 750 Mk 17s.{{cite web |url=http://kitup.military.com/2010/06/socom-cancels-mk-16-scar.html |title=SOCOM Cancels Mk-16 SCAR |publisher=Kitup.Military.com |date=25 June 2010 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905231436/http://kitup.military.com/2010/06/socom-cancels-mk-16-scar.html |archive-date=5 September 2011 |url-status=live}} SOCOM had operators turn in their Mk 16s and is not keeping them in the inventory, but started developing a conversion kit for the Mk 17 to make it capable of firing 5.56mm rounds.[http://kitup.military.com/2010/06/socom-developing-caliber-conversion-for-scar.html SOCOM Developing Caliber Conversion for SCAR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529131912/http://kitup.military.com/2010/06/socom-developing-caliber-conversion-for-scar.html |date=29 May 2013}} - Kitup.Military.com, 29 June 2010
"FN America believes the issue is not whether the SCAR, and specifically the [originally contracted] Mk 16 variant, is the superior weapon system available today...it has already been proven to be just that...recently passing Milestone C and determined to be operationally effective / operationally suitable (OE/OS) for fielding. The issue is whether or not the requirement for a 5.56mm replacement outweighs the numerous other requirements competing for the customers' limited budget. That is a question that will only be determined by the customer".{{cite web |url=http://www.ammoland.com/2010/07/01/fnh-usa-stands-behind-the-scar-rifle-program/ |title=FN America Stands Behind the SCAR Rifle Program |publisher=Ammoland.com |date=1 July 2010 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906154747/http://www.ammoland.com/2010/07/01/fnh-usa-stands-behind-the-scar-rifle-program/ |archive-date=6 September 2011 |url-status=live}} FN Herstal though had refuted that the Mk 16 was being dropped from the inventory and stated that the 5.56mm variant will be retained by SOCOM, and that "The choice between the 5.56 mm and the 7.62mm caliber will be left to the discretion of each constitutive component of USSOCOM's Joint Command (e.g. SEALs, Rangers, Army Special Forces, MARSOC, AFSOC) depending on their specific missions on today's battlefield".{{cite web |url=http://www.fnherstal.com/index.php?id=640 |title=FN 5.56 SCAR Retained in USSOCOM's Inventory |publisher=FNHerstal.com |date=7 July 2010 |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927060227/http://www.fnherstal.com/index.php?id=640 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=live}}
FN America's claim contradicted the official announcement from SOCOM and they did not reverse their decision. SOCOM decided to procure the 7.62mm Mk 17 rifle, the 40mm Mk 13 grenade launcher, and the 7.62mm Mk 20 Sniper Support Rifle variants of the Special Operations Forces Combat Assault Rifle (SCAR) manufactured by FN. SOCOM would not purchase the 5.56mm Mk 16. At that point the individual service component commands within SOCOM (Army Special Operations Command, Naval Special Warfare Command, Air Force Special Operations Command, and Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command) would or would not still buy the 5.56mm Mk 16 SCAR for some or all of their respective subordinate units even with overall US Special Operations Command opting not to.{{cite web |url=http://kitup.military.com/2010/07/scar-mk-16-reverb-to-buy-or-not-to-buy.html |title=SCAR Mk-16 Reverb (To Buy or Not To Buy) |publisher=Kitup.military.com |date=9 July 2010 |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203115110/http://kitup.military.com/2010/07/scar-mk-16-reverb-to-buy-or-not-to-buy.html |archive-date=3 February 2012 |url-status=live}}
=Modifying the Mk 17=
SOCOM began removing the Mk 16 from its inventory at the end of 2011, and most units have had the rifle removed from service post-2013. To maintain the SCAR as a small-caliber weapon, they are procuring conversion kits for the Mk 17 battle rifle to make it fire 5.56×45mm rounds.[http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2011/06/08/united-states-army-special-operations-command-to-dump-fn-scar-mk16/ United States Army Special Operations Command to dump FN SCAR Mk16] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131218182234/http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2011/06/08/united-states-army-special-operations-command-to-dump-fn-scar-mk16/ |date=18 December 2013}} - Thefirearmblog.com, 8 June 2011. The presolicitation for the SCAR program originally called for one rifle that could be adapted to fire multiple calibers including 5.56mm, 7.62×51mm, and 7.62×39mm. When requirements were finalized, the decision was made to separate the 5.56×45mm and 7.62×51mm weapons because converting the medium caliber rifle to fire small caliber bullets created an assault rifle heavier than the M4 carbine. After fielding, operators reversed the previous decision and called for a SCAR that could change calibers. The Mk 17 was chosen to be scaled down because it had a larger receiver for the 7.62×51mm round, and so the 5.56mm Mk 16 could not be scaled up to chamber the larger round. The 5.56mm conversion kit was finalized in late 2010 and orders began in mid-2011.[http://www.shootingillustrated.com/index.php/11794/exclusive-update-on-the-fn-scar/ Update on the FN SCAR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018232730/http://www.shootingillustrated.com/index.php/11794/exclusive-update-on-the-fn-scar/ |date=18 October 2014}} - Shootingillustrated.com, 27 June 2011
On 9 December 2011, the Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division released a sole source five year indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity procurement notice for the Mk 16 Mod 0 (SCAR-L), Mk 17 Mod 0 (SCAR-H), Mk 20 Mod 0 (SSR), and Mk 13 Mod 0 (40mm EGLM) from FN to sustain inventory levels.[http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2011/12/15/navy-to-buy-additional-fn-scar-mk-13-mk-16-mk-17-and-mk-20/ Navy to buy additional FN SCAR Mk. 13, Mk 16, Mk. 17 and Mk. 20] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716045031/http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2011/12/15/navy-to-buy-additional-fn-scar-mk-13-mk-16-mk-17-and-mk-20/ |date=16 July 2012}} – The Firearm Blog, 15 December 2011{{cite web |url=https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=25398bbee12496a7a88b87b3123b2d3e&tab=core&_cview=0 |title=Combat assault rifle and enhanced grenade launcher module |publisher=Fbo.gov |date=9 December 2011 |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406072902/https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=25398bbee12496a7a88b87b3123b2d3e&tab=core&_cview=0 |archive-date=6 April 2012 |url-status=live}} Navy special operations forces procures their firearms through SOCOM and fielded the MK 16 more than any other unit.
The Mk 17 was in widespread use by American SOF units in Afghanistan, where its relative light weight, accuracy and stopping power has proved of worth on the battlefield.{{Cite web|url=http://www.americanspecialops.com/special-ops-weapons/mk17-scar.php|title=MK 17 SCAR {{!}} US Special Operations {{!}} Weapons|website=www.americanspecialops.com|access-date=29 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520010413/http://www.americanspecialops.com/special-ops-weapons/mk17-scar.php|archive-date=20 May 2017|url-status=live}}
Variants
{{More citations needed section|date=November 2021}}
=Military variants=
- SCAR-L (FN MK 16) – 5.56×45mm NATO assault rifle
- SCAR-L CQC (FN MK 16 CQC) (Close Quarter Combat) – {{convert|10|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel
- SCAR-L STD (FN MK 16) (Standard) – {{convert|14|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel
- SCAR-L LB (FN MK 16 LB) (Long Barrel) – {{convert|18|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel
- SCAR PDW – 5.56×45mm NATO personal defense weapon variant with a 170 mm (6.5 in) barrel length. No longer in production and was replaced by the SCAR-SC.
- SCAR-SC – 5.56×45mm NATO / .300 Blackout subcompact carbine. Weighs {{convert|3.1|kg|abbr=on}}, has a {{cvt|7.5|in|mm}} inch barrel, an overall length of {{cvt|25.7|in|mm}} and a length of {{cvt|21.1|in|mm}} collapsed and has a pistol grip with no finger rest. It has a lower effective range of {{convert|200|m|yd|abbr=on}}. It became available in mid-2018.{{Cite web|url=http://www.fnherstal.com/news/new-fn-scar-sc-subcompact-carbine|title=New FN SCAR®-SC Subcompact Carbine {{!}} FN HERSTAL|website=www.fnherstal.com|date=15 November 2017|access-date=24 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171122134444/http://www.fnherstal.com/news/new-fn-scar-sc-subcompact-carbine|archive-date=22 November 2017|url-status=live}}{{Cite web |date=2023-09-03 |title=FN SCAR®-SC {{!}} FN® |url=https://fnamerica.com/products/riflescarbines-select-fire/fn-scar-sc/ |access-date=2023-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903084722/https://fnamerica.com/products/riflescarbines-select-fire/fn-scar-sc/ |archive-date=3 September 2023}}
- SCAR-H (FN MK 17 Mod 0) – 7.62×51mm NATO battle rifle
- SCAR-H CQC (FN MK 17 CQC) (Close Quarters Combat) – {{convert|13|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel
- SCAR-H STD (FN MK 17 Mod 0) (Standard) – {{convert|16|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel
- SCAR-H LB (FN MK 17 LB) (Long Barrel) – {{convert|20|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel
Precision Rifles - 7.62×51mm NATOhttp://www.fnherstal.com/primary-menu/products-capabilities/precision-rifles.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705074317/http://www.fnherstal.com/primary-menu/products-capabilities/precision-rifles.html |date=5 July 2017}} Precision Rifles
- FN SCAR-H PR (Precision Rifle) - {{convert|20|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel, two-stage match semi-auto trigger, folding stock, and M16A2 pistol grip.
- FN SCAR-H TPR (Tactical Precision Rifle) (FN MK 20 SSR (Sniper Support Rifle))- {{convert|20|in|order=flip|abbr=on}} barrel, two-stage match semi-auto trigger, adjustable fixed stock, and M16A2 pistol grip.
==Prototypes==
- FNAC (FN Advanced Carbine) – 5.56 mm NATO assault rifle entered into the US Army Individual Carbine competition. The competition was cancelled before a winning weapon was chosen.
- HAMR IAR (Heat Adaptive Modular Rifle) – 5.56 mm NATO Automatic rifle entered in the United States Marine Corps' Infantry Automatic Rifle competition, it was eventually beaten by the M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle, a Heckler & Koch HK416 variant.
- HAMR NGSW (Heat Adaptive Modular Rifle) – 6.8mm Federal Cartridge Company cartridge variant entered in the United States Army's Next Generation Squad Weapon Program competition, it was beaten by the XM5 (later redesignated XM7), a SIG MCX Spear variant.
- Mk 17 Mod 1 6.5mm Creedmoor battle rifle entered in the SOCOM Mid-Range Gas Gun program.{{Cite web|url=https://soldiersystems.net/2022/05/10/mdm-22-fn-america-mrgg/|title=MDM 22 - FN America MRGG - Soldier Systems Daily|date=10 May 2022}}{{Cite web|url=https://soldiersystems.net/2022/06/10/fn-america-mid-range-gas-gun/|title=FN America - Mid Range Gas Gun - Soldier Systems Daily|date=10 June 2022}}
=Civilian variants=
- SCAR 15P - 5.56×45mm NATO semi-automatic pistol version of the FN SCAR-SC. Offered in matte black or flat dark earth (brown) color.{{cite web | url=https://www.shootingillustrated.com/content/first-look-fn-scar-15p-pistol/ | title=Age Verification - NRA}}
- SCAR 16S – 5.56×45mm NATO semi-automatic version of FN Mk 16. Offered in matte black or flat dark earth color.
- SCAR 17S – 7.62×51mm NATO semi-automatic version of FN Mk 17. Offered in matte black or flat dark earth color.
- SCAR 20S – 7.62×51mm NATO semi-automatic version of FN Mk 20 SSR. Offered in matte black or flat dark earth color.{{cite web |title=FN SCAR® 20S |url=https://vavqj34csem437aom2bekqda-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/1808_FN_SCAR_20S_sellsheets_MSRP.pdf |access-date=30 June 2022}}
- SCAR 20S 6.5CM – 6.5mm Creedmoor semi-automatic version of FN Mk 20 SSR. Offered in matte black or flat dark earth color.
File:SFG SFAUC.jpg|Belgian SFG soldier armed with the SCAR-L with a suppressor
File:Дніпро - Lubart.jpg|Ukrainian National Guardsmen onboard a RHIB with a SCAR-L
File:A coalition Special Operations Forces member fires his sniper rifle from a hilltop during a firefight near Nawa Garay village (120403-N-MY805-202).jpg|U.S. coalition SOF soldier with the Mk 20 Sniper Support Rifle (SSR)
File:United States Navy SEALs 177.jpg|U.S. Navy SEAL with the SCAR-H STD (Mk 17)
Users
File:Cypriot Special Forces Operator with his FN SCAR.jpg using the SCAR-L during an exercise.]]File:03-GEI-Octavio-Díez-Cámara-1030x773.jpgFile:60th Merdeka Day Picture 69 Commando of PGK with FN SCAR-H.jpg operator with SCAR-H fitted with EOTech holographic sight.]]
See also
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
{{Commons category|FN SCAR}}
- {{Official website|1=https://www.fnherstal.com/en/product/fn-scar-l}}—SCAR-L at FN Herstal
- {{Official website|1=https://www.fnherstal.com/en/product/fn-scar-h}}—SCAR-H at FN Herstal
- {{Official website|1=https://fnamerica.com/rifles/fn-scar-series/}}—FN America
{{FN Herstal firearms}}
{{ModernUSInfWeaponsNav}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fn Scar}}
Category:5.56×45mm NATO assault rifles
Category:7.62×51mm NATO battle rifles
Category:7.62×51mm NATO rifles
Category:Assault rifles of Belgium
Category:Assault rifles of the United States
Category:Designated marksman rifles
Category:Personal defense weapons
Category:Short stroke piston firearms
Category:Sniper rifles of Belgium