Far Eastern Federal District
{{About|the administrative subdivision|the geographical region|Russian Far East}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Far Eastern Federal District
| native_name = Дальневосточный федеральный округ
| native_name_lang = ru
| settlement_type = Federal district
| image_map = Map of Russia - Far Eastern Federal District (2018 composition).svg
| map_caption = Location of the Far Eastern Federal District
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{RUS}}
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 13 May 2000
| seat_type = Administrative center
| seat = Vladivostok
| leader_title = Presidential Envoy
| leader_name = Yury Trutnev
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 6952555
| area_rank = 1st of 8 (40.6% of the country)
| area_footnotes = {{Cite web |title=1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г. |trans-title=Main Socioeconomic Indicators 2014 |url=http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b15_14p/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d01/01-01-1.doc |access-date=26 July 2016 |website=Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators – 2015 |publisher=Russian Federal State Statistics Service |language=ru}}
| population_total = 7975762
| total_type = Total
| population_as_of = 2021{{cite web|language=ru|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tecst_VPN-2020.docx|title=Provisional results of the 2020 All-Russian population census|date=2022-05-30|publisher=Rosstat|access-date=2022-05-30}}
| population_rank = 8th of 8 (5.6% of the country)
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban = 73.6%
| population_rural = 26.4%
| timezone_link = Time in Russia
| timezone1_location = Buryatia
| timezone1 = Irkutsk Time
| utc_offset1 = +08:00
| timezone2_location = Amur Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai and most of the Sakha Republic (excluding districts in UTC+10:00 and UTC+11:00 time zones)
| timezone2 = Yakutsk Time
| utc_offset2 = +09:00
| timezone3_location = Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai, and the Oymyakonsky, Ust-Yansky and Verkhoyansky districts of the Sakha Republic
| timezone3 = Vladivostok Time
| utc_offset3 = +10:00
| timezone4_location = Magadan Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, and the Abyysky, Allaikhovsky, Momsky, Nizhnekolymsky, Srednekolymsky and Verkhnekolymsky districts of the Sakha Republic
| timezone4 = Magadan Time
| utc_offset4 = +11:00
| timezone5_location = Chukotka and Kamchatka Krai
| timezone5 = Kamchatka Time
| utc_offset5 = +12:00
| blank_name_sec1 = Federal subjects
| blank_info_sec1 = 11 contained
| blank1_name_sec1 = Economic regions
| blank1_info_sec1 = 1 contained
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = {{citation |url= https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/VRP_s_1998.xlsx
|title=Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2022 гг.
|publisher= rosstat.gov.ru}}
|demographics2_title1 = Total
|demographics2_info1 = ₽ 8.656 trillion
US$ 124 billion (2022)
|demographics2_title2 = Per capita
|demographics2_info2 = ₽ 1,090,778
US$ 15,606 (2022)
| blank_name_sec2 = HDI (2022)
| blank_info_sec2 = 0.769{{Cite web |title=Sub-national HDI{{snd}}Area Database{{snd}}Global Data Lab |url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/ |access-date=2021-07-20 |website=hdi.globaldatalab.org |language=en}}
{{color|#0c0|high}} · 5th
| website = [http://www.dfo.gov.ru/ DFO.gov.ru]
| footnotes = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=0 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}
}}
{{Location map |Russia Far Eastern Federal District
|width=300
|float=right
|caption=File:Blue pog.svg {{PAGENAMEBASE}} in Russia
|mark=Blue pog.svg
|lat_deg=48 |lat_min=42|lat_sec =
|lon_deg=135|lon_min=12|lon_sec =
|label={{PAGENAMEBASE}}|position=right
}}
File:Вид на долину р. Бикин с видовой площадки (гора Клин).jpg
The Far Eastern Federal District ({{lang-rus|Дальневосточный федеральный округ|p=dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstot͡ɕnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk}}) is the largest of the eight federal districts of Russia, but the least populated, with a population of around 8 million (73.6% urban) according to the 2021 Census. The federal district lies entirely within the easternmost part of Asia and is coextensive with the Russian Far East.
History
{{See also|Russian Far East#History|l1=History of the Russian Far East}}
The Far Eastern Federal District was established on 13 May 2000 by President Vladimir Putin.{{cite web |title=Указ Президента Российской Федерации о полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе |trans-title= Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District |first=V. |last=Putin |date=13 May 2000 |url= https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%BE%D1%82_13.05.2000_%E2%84%96_849 |language=ru |via=Wikisource |access-date=27 June 2024}} It is currently governed by presidential envoy Yury Trutnev. In November 2018, Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai were added to the federal district.{{Cite web |title=Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации |url=http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201811040002?index=0&rangeSize=1 |access-date=2018-11-04 |website=publication.pravo.gov.ru |archive-date=5 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205162518/http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201811040002?index=0&rangeSize=1 |url-status=dead }} The seat of the Far Eastern Federal District was moved from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in December 2018.{{Cite web |url=https://meduza.io/news/2018/12/13/putin-perenes-stolitsu-dalnevostochnogo-federalnogo-okruga-vo-vladivostok |access-date=2018-12-13 |website=meduza.io|title=Путин перенес столицу Дальневосточного федерального округа во Владивосток }}
On 15 July 2022, the first high-speed highway was opened in the Far Eastern Federal District. It united three federal highways{{snd}}Ussuri (Khabarovsk{{ndash}}Vladivostok), Amur (Chita{{ndash}}Khabarovsk) and Vostok (Khabarovsk{{ndash}}Nakhodka), and connect the regional capital with Komsomolsk-on-Amur, as well as sites of the territory of the advancing socio-economic development (SAD).{{Cite news |title=Доев Дмитрий: "Обход Хабаровска" – флагман дорожных концессий Группы "ВИС" |language=ru |work=PRIMPRESS.RU |url=https://primpress.ru/article/90381 |access-date=2023-03-30}}
Demographics
=Federal subjects=
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" |
| colspan="9" | File:Far Eastern Federal District (numbered, 2018 composition).svg |
|---|
| #
! Flag ! Coat of arms ! Federal subject ! Population ! Capital/Administrative center ! Map of Administrative Division |
| 1
| File:Flag of Amur Oblast.svg | File:Amurskaja obl coa 2008.png | align="right"|361,900 | align="right"|766,912 | ₽531 billion |
| 2
| File:Coat of Arms of Buryatia.svg | align="right"|351,300 | align="right"|978,588 | ₽342 billion | Ulan-Ude |
| 3
| File:Flag of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast.svg | File:Coat of arms of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast.svg | align="right"|36,300 | align="right"|150,453 | ₽79 billion |
| 4
| File:Flag_of_Zabaykalsky_Krai.svg | File:Coat of arms of Zabaykalsky Krai.svg | align="right"|431,900 | align="right"|1,004,125 | ₽487 billion | Chita |
| 5
| File:Flag of Kamchatka Krai.svg | File:Coat of Arms of Kamchatka Krai.svg | align="right"|464,300 | align="right"|291,705 | ₽338 billion |
| 6
| File:Flag of Magadan Oblast.svg | File:Coat of Arms of Magadan oblast.svg | align="right"|462,500 | align="right"|136,085 | ₽315 billion | Magadan |
| 7
| File:Flag of Primorsky Krai.svg | File:Coat of arms of Primorsky Krai.svg | align="right"|164,700 | align="right"|1,845,165 | ₽1,309 billion |
| 8
| File:Coat of Arms of Sakha (Yakutia).svg | align="right"|3,083,500 | align="right"|995,686 | ₽1,616 billion | Yakutsk |
| 9
| File:Flag of Sakhalin Oblast.svg | File:Sakhalin Oblast Coat of Arms.svg | align="right"|87,100 | align="right"|466,609 | ₽1,234 billion |
| 10
| File:Flag of Khabarovsk Krai.svg | File:Coat of arms of Khabarovsk Krai.svg | align="right"|787,600 | align="right"|1,292,944 | ₽987 billion |
| 11
| File:Coat of Arms of Chukotka.svg | align="right"|721,500 | align="right"|47,490 | ₽136 billion | Anadyr |
{{Historical populations|7=1959|8=6543859|9=1970|10=7737678|11=1979|12=8946829|13=1989|14=10359773|15=2002|16=8829449|17=2010|18=8372257|19=2021|20=7975762|type=|footnote=Source: Census data}}File:Pekulneyskoe Lake.JPG, Chukotka]]
= Largest cities with a population over 75,000 =
There are 82 cities in the Far Eastern Federal District, and 13 cities have populations over 75,000.
Only four of these 13 cities (Komsomolsk-on-Amur (7th) in Khabarovsk Krai, Ussuriysk (9th), Nakhodka (11th), Artyom (12th) in Primorsky Krai) are not administrative centres of a federal subject. Anadyr, the centre of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, is one of the smallest centres of a federal subject (it has only 13,045 inhabitants). Only Magas, the centre of Ingushetia, is smaller than Anadyr.
Artyom is a large suburb of the Vladivostok metropolitan area.[http://rg.ru/2014/10/28/reg-dfo/aglomeracia-anons.html Подписано соглашение о создании Владивостокской агломерации] {{in lang|ru}}
Populations are given as of the 2021 census:
- Khabarovsk: 617,441
- Vladivostok: 603,519
- Ulan-Ude: 437,565
- Yakutsk: 355,443
- Chita: 334,427
- Blagoveshchensk: 241,437
- Komsomolsk-on-Amur: 238,505
- Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: 181,587
- Ussuriysk: 180,393
- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: 164,900
- Nakhodka: 139,931
- Artyom: 109,556
- Magadan: 90,757
=Religion=
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in the Far Eastern Federal District as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)[http://sreda.org/en/arena "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia"]. Sreda, 2012.[http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps]. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27 August 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170421154615/http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg Archived].
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|Russian Orthodoxy|DarkOrchid|27.4}}
{{Bar percent|Other Orthodox|MediumOrchid|1.4}}
{{Bar percent|Other Christians|DeepSkyBlue|5.0}}
{{Bar percent|Buddhism|Yellow|3.3}}
{{Bar percent|Islam|Green|0.7}}
{{Bar percent|Native faiths|Red|2.2}}
{{Bar percent|Spiritual but not religious|DarkSlateGray|27.0}}
{{Bar percent|Atheism and irreligion|Black|23.5}}
{{Bar percent|Other and undeclared|Gray|9.5}}
}}
According to a 2012 survey 27.4% of the population of the current federal subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District (including Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai) adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 5.0% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1.4% is an Orthodox believer without belonging to any church or adheres to other (non-Russian) Orthodox churches, 3.3% is an adherent of Buddhism, 0.7% is an adherent of Islam, and 2.2% adhere to some native faith such as Rodnovery, Tengrism, Yellow shamanism, or Black shamanism. In addition, 27.0% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 23.5% is atheist, and 9.5% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.
{{clear}}
=Ethnicity=
File:Этническая карта ДФО по городским и сельским поселениям.png and Buryatia were added to the region.]]
The ethnic composition, according to the 2021 census (after the integration of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai in 2018) was:
- Total{{snd}}6,979,578 people
- Russians{{snd}}5,674,671 (81.30%)
- Yakuts{{snd}}472,116 (6.76%)
- Buryats{{snd}}371,677 (5.33%)
- Ukrainians{{snd}}47,560 (0.68%)
- Evenki{{snd}}33,760 (0.48%)
- Koreans{{snd}}29,855 (0.43%)
- Tatars{{snd}}24,605 (0.35%)
- Uzbeks{{snd}}23,477 (0.34%)
- Armenians{{snd}}20,185 (0.29%)
- Kyrgyz{{snd}}19,659 (0.28%)
- Evens (Lamuts){{snd}}19,561 (0.28%)
- Tajiks{{snd}}17,812 (0.26%)
- Chukchi{{snd}}15,686 (0.22%)
- Azerbaijanis{{snd}}13,011 (0.19%)
- Nanai{{snd}}11,424 (0.16%)
- Chinese{{snd}}8,396 (0.12%)
- Belarusians{{snd}}7,944 (0.11%)
- Koryaks{{snd}}7,292 (0.10%)
- Kazakhs{{snd}}4,614 (0.07%)
- Bashkirs{{snd}}4,391 (0.06%)
- Nivkh{{snd}}3,758 (0.05%)
- Germans{{snd}}3,564 (0.05%)
- Chuvash{{snd}}2,906 (0.04%)
- Moldovans{{snd}}2,851 (0.04%)
- Mordva{{snd}}2,675 (0.04%)
- Jews{{snd}}2,529 (0.04%)
- Ulchi{{snd}}2,431 (0.03%)
- Yukaghir{{snd}}1,747 (0.03%)
- Itelmens{{snd}}1,486 (0.02%)
- Mari{{snd}}1,230 (0.02%)
- Individuals who did not indicate nationality{{snd}}996,184 (12.49%)
Presidential plenipotentiary envoys
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
| rowspan="2"|№
!rowspan="2"|Name (envoy) !rowspan="2"|Photo !colspan="3"|Term of office !rowspan="2"|Appointed by |
|---|
| Start of term
!End of term !Length of service |
| 1
|70px | 18 May 2000 | 14 November 2005 |{{age in years and days|2000|5|18|2005|11|14}} ({{age in days nts|2000|5|18|2005|11|14}} days) !style="font-weight:normal" rowspan=3|Vladimir Putin |
| 2
|70px | 14 November 2005 | 2 October 2007 |{{age in years and days|2005|11|14|2007|10|2}} ({{age in days nts|2005|11|14|2007|10|2}} days) |
| 3
|70px |30 November 2007 |30 April 2009 |{{age in years and days|2007|11|30|2009|4|30}} ({{age in days nts|2007|11|30|2009|4|30}} days) |
| 4
|70px | 30 April 2009 | 30 August 2013 |{{age in years and days|2009|4|30|2013|8|30}} ({{age in days nts|2009|4|30|2013|8|30}} days) !style="font-weight:normal"|Dmitry Medvedev |
| 5
|70px |31 August 2013 |present |{{age in years and days|2013|8|31}} ({{age in days nts|2013|8|31}} days) !style="font-weight:normal"|Vladimir Putin |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://frontiers.loc.gov/ Meeting of Frontiers: Siberia, Alaska, and the American West] (includes materials on the Russian Far East) {{in lang|en|ru}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20100614055853/http://www.dalfo.ru/ Unofficial website of the Far Eastern Federal District] {{in lang|ru}}
{{Subdivisions of Russia|state=collapsed}}
{{Russian Far East|state=collapsed}}{{Russian federal districts|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|48|42|N|135|12|E|type:adm1st_source:itwiki|display=title}}
Category:Federal districts of Russia
Category:Geography of Northeast Asia
Category:Geography of the Russian Far East