Four Freedoms Award#Special presentations

{{Short description|Reinforces FDR State of the Union Principles (1941)}}

{{Infobox award|name=Four Freedoms Award||image=Froosevelt.jpeg|caption=President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, painted by Francis Owen Salisbury, 1947|country=United States|firstawarded=|presenter=|location=|website=|reward=|established=1982|image2=100px|caption2=Ribbon of the award|status=}}

The Four Freedoms Award is an annual award presented to "those men and women whose achievements have demonstrated a commitment to those principles which US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed in his Four Freedoms speech to the United States Congress on January 6, 1941, as essential to democracy: "freedom of speech and expression, freedom of worship, freedom from want, freedom from fear". The annual award is handed out in alternate years in New York City by the Roosevelt Institute to Americans and in Middelburg, Netherlands, by the Roosevelt Stichting to non-Americans.

History

{{listen

|title=State of the Union (Four Freedoms) (January 6, 1941)

|filename=FDR's 1941 State of the Union (Four Freedoms speech) Edit 1.ogg

|description =Franklin Delano Roosevelt's January 6, 1941 State of the Union Address introducing the theme of the Four Freedoms (starting at 32:02)

|image=File:FDR in 1933.jpg]]

}}

The awards were first presented in 1982 on the centennial of President Roosevelt's birth as well as the bicentennial of diplomatic relations between the United States and the Netherlands. The awards were founded to celebrate the Four Freedoms espoused by President Roosevelt in his speech:

  1. Freedom of speech
  2. Freedom of worship
  3. Freedom from want
  4. Freedom from fear

For each of the four freedoms an award was instituted, as well as a special Freedom medal. In 1990, 1995, 2003 and 2004 there were also special awards.

In odd years the awards are presented to American citizens or institutions by the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute in New York City, though in the past the American awards were given in Hyde Park, New York. In even years the award ceremony is held in Middelburg and honors non-Americans. The choice of Middelburg was motivated by the suspected descendance of the family Roosevelt from Oud-Vossemeer in the municipality Tholen.

Laureates

=Freedom Medal=

=Freedom of Speech=

=Freedom of Worship=

=Freedom from Want=

File:"Freedom From Want" - NARA - 513539.jpg of painter Norman Rockwell of 1943]]

{{quote|The third is freedom from want — which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants — everywhere in the world.|Roosevelt, January 6, 1941}}

class="wikitable"

! Year !! Middelburg !! Year !! Hyde Park

1982H. Johannes Witteveen1983Robert S. McNamara
1984Liv Ullmann1985John Kenneth Galbraith
1986F. Bradford Morse1987Mary Lasker
1988Halfdan T. Mahler1989Dorothy I. Height
1990Emile van Lennep1991Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward
1992Jan Tinbergen1993Eunice Kennedy Shriver and Sargent Shriver
1994Sadako Ogata1995Lane Kirkland
1996Médecins Sans Frontières1997Mark O. Hatfield
1998Stéphane Hessel1999George S. McGovern
2000M. S. Swaminathan2001March of Dimes
2002Gro Harlem Brundtland2003Dolores Huerta
2004Marguerite Barankitse2005Marsha J. Evans
2006Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank2007Barbara Ehrenreich
2008Jan Egeland2009Vicki Escarra
2010Maurice Strong2011Jacqueline Novogratz
2012Ela Bhatt2013Coalition of Immokalee Workers
2014Hawa Abdi Diblaawe2015Dr. Olufunmilayo Olopade
2016Dr. Denis Mukwege2017Ai-jen Poo
2018Emmanuel de Merode2019Franklin A. Thomas
2020{{ill|Sander de Kramer|nl}}2021Deepak Bhargava
2022Nice Nailantei Leng'ete2023Ady Barkan
2024Sônia Guajajara2025

File:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg
1983]]

|File:Mary Lasker.jpg
1987]]

|File:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg
2006]]

|File:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg
2012]]

=Freedom from Fear=

File:"Freedom from Fear" - NARA - 513538.jpg of Norman Rockwell of 1943]]

{{quote|The fourth is freedom from fear — which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor — anywhere in the world.|Roosevelt, January 6, 1941}}

class="wikitable"

! Year !! Middelburg !! Year !! Hyde Park

1982J. Herman van Roijen1983Jacob K. Javits
1984Brian Urquhart1985Isidor Rabi
1986Olof Palme (posthumously)1987George Kennan
1988Armand Hammer1989J. William Fulbright
1990Simon Wiesenthal1991Mike Mansfield
1992Lord Carrington1993George Ball
1994Zdravko Grebo1995Elliot Richardson
1996Shimon Peres1997Daniel K. Inouye
1998Craig Kielburger1999Robert O. Muller
2000Louise Arbour2001W.W. II veterans as represented by

2002Ernesto Zedillo2003Robert C. Byrd
2004Max Kohnstamm2005Lee H. Hamilton and Thomas Kean
2006Aung San Suu Kyi2007Brent Scowcroft
2008Willemijn Verloop - War Child2009Pasquale J. D'Amuro
2010Gareth Evans2011Bryan A. Stevenson
2012Hussain al-Shahristani2013Ameena Matthews
2014Malala Yousafzai2015The Nation
2016Human Rights Watch2017Cristina Jiménez Moreta
2018Urmila Chaudhary2019Sandy Hook Promise
2020Leoluca Orlando2021Worker Rights Activists for the Excluded Workers Fund
2022ÜniKuir2023Bennie Thompson
2024Grace Forrest2025

File:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg
1989]]

|File:Bobby Muller.jpg
1999]]

|File:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg
2000]]

|File:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg
2006]]

=Special presentations=

See also

References

  • Roosevelt Institute, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards List of laureates]
  • NOS (2008) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=da7SSVh_rsA#! TV documentary on the Four Freedoms Award]
  • Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008, {{ISBN|978-9079875214}}
  • American Rhetoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm Four Freedoms Speech] of Roosevelt