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GVB (Amsterdam)

{{Short description|Public transport company in Amsterdam}}

{{use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}

{{Infobox public transit

| name = Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf Amsterdam

| image = Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf Amsterdam Logo.svg

| alt = GVB logo

| imagesize = 145px

| locale = Amsterdam, Netherlands

| transit_type = Tram, metro, ferry and bus

| began_operation = 1900

| system_length =

| lines =

| stations =

| annual_ridership = 234 million{{cite web| author=GVB| publisher=GVB| year=2016| access-date=9 June 2014| title=GVB Resources & numbers| url=https://www.gvb.nl/organisatie/feiten-en-cijfers.aspx| archive-url=}}{{dead link|date=June 2020}}

| track_gauge = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}}

| el = 600–750 V DC

| operator =

| caption =

| owner = Municipality of Amsterdam

| area served = Amsterdam metropolitan area

| line_number =

| start =

| end =

| weekly_ridership =

| chief_executive =

| website = https://www.gvb.nl/en

| character =

| vehicles =

| map =

| map_state =

}}

GVB is the municipal public transport operator for Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, operating metro, tram, bus and ferry services in the metropolitan area of Amsterdam.

History

File:AmsterdamMetroWashingtonStyle (from 2018).svg

File:AmsterdamTram.svg

The forerunner of the GVB, the Gemeentetram Amsterdam (GTA) (Amsterdam Municipal Tramway), was established on 1 January 1900 by the city after it acquired a number of private companies. The first electric tram ran on 14 August 1900. In 1925, the GTA introduced its first bus line.{{cite web |url=https://www.traminfo.nl/busserie7.html |title=Gemeentetram Amsterdam - Serie 35-42 |website=traminfo.nl |access-date=24 March 2021 |language=Dutch }} In 1943, Gemeentetram merged with Gemeenteveren Amsterdam (established in 1897), the municipal ferry company, to form Gemeente VervoerbedrijfSometimes also written Gemeentevervoerbedrijf. Amsterdam ({{IPA|nl|ɣəˈmeːntə vɛrˈvuːrbədrɛif ˌɑmstərˈdɑm}}; {{Literal translation|Amsterdam Municipality Transportation Company}}). In 1977, the first metro line was introduced.{{cite web |url=https://werkenbijgvb.nl/gvb-als-werkgever/een-historie-van-meer-dan-100-jaar/ |title=Een historie van meer dan 100 jaar |publisher=Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf |website=GVB |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922112446/https://werkenbijgvb.nl/gvb-als-werkgever/een-historie-van-meer-dan-100-jaar/ |archive-date=22 September 2020 |language=Dutch }}

By 2002, the organization was simply called GVB. In 2007, the GVB became a private corporation under the name GVB Activa B.V., wholly owned by the City of Amsterdam; previously, the GVB was part of the City Of Amsterdam.{{cite web |url=https://myport.portofamsterdam.com/en/portle/company/gvb-activa-bv |title=GVB Activa B.V. |date=May 2018 |website=Port of Amsterdam |access-date=21 March 2021 }} Between 2006 and 2016, Stadsregio Amsterdam was the authority responsible for all public transport in the greater Amsterdam area; it granted a concession (contract) to the GVB to provide public transport services. In 2010, Stadsregio Amsterdam extended the concession of the GVB for the period 2012–2017, and at the end of 2013, further extended it until 2024.{{cite web| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724124334/http://en.gvb.nl/overgvb/bedrijfsprofiel/Pages/Vervoersvisie-2024.aspx| url=http://en.gvb.nl/overgvb/bedrijfsprofiel/Pages/Vervoersvisie-2024.aspx| archive-date=2014-07-24| title=Transportation vision 2024| publisher=GVB| access-date=2014-07-18}} On 1 January 2017, Vervoerregio Amsterdam replaced Stadsregio Amsterdam as the public transport authority for the greater Amsterdam area.{{cite web |url=https://www.vervoerregio.nl/artikel/20161222-stadsregio-amsterdam-is-vervoerregio-amsterdam |title=Stadsregio Amsterdam is Vervoerregio Amsterdam |publisher=Vervoerregio Amsterdam |date=22 December 2016 |access-date=21 March 2021 |language=Dutch }}

Network

The GVB operates a number of public transportation networks in and around the city of Amsterdam, including:

  • 5 metro lines, partly elevated, no level crossings.
  • 14 tram routes, on street, partly mixed with all other traffic, partly on lanes shared with buses and taxis, and partly on separate lanes.
  • 46 bus routes; buses often mix with other traffic, but sometimes on lanes shared with trams and taxis, or for buses only.
  • 10 Ferry routes across the IJ; at least one is frequent, operating 24 hours a day, free of charge.

The newest metro line is the North/South line, which was opened on 22 July 2018.

Metro

File:Metro Amsterdam M5 Kraaiennest 4.JPG

{{Main|Amsterdam Metro}}

=Metro routes=

Light rail

{{Main|Amsteltram}}

  • {{track gauge|sg|lk=on}} (standard gauge)
  • Power: 600V DC (overhead)
  • Amsterdam, Amstelveen

=Former light rail route=

Until 3 March 2019, line 51 to Amstelveen was a metro service between Central Station and Station Zuid. At Station Zuid it switched from third rail to pantograph and catenary wires. From there to Amstelveen Centrum it shared its track with tram line 5. The light rail vehicles on this line were capable of using both 600V (overhead) and 750V DC (third rail) power supplies.

Tram

File:Combino op lijn 26 op de IJburglaan op het Steigereiland.jpg

{{main|Trams in Amsterdam}}

=Tram routes=

Buses

File:GVB VD Citea Amsterdam Bijlmer.jpg

{{as of|2021|03}}, GVB bus services had 22 regular daytime routes (numbered between 15–68), 8 rush-hour routes (200-series route numbers), 11 night routes (numbered as "N" plus two digits) of which just 2 routes run seven days a week. One route (369) runs between Schiphol Airport and Sloterdijk station (railway and metro connections).

{{cite web |url=https://reisinfo.gvb.nl/en/lijnen?bus |title=Lines (bus) |website=GVB |access-date=24 March 2021 }} Three routes (461, 463, 464) offer free rides to the Gelderlandplein shopping centre in the Buitenveldert neighbourhood of Amsterdam.{{cite web |url=https://www.gelderlandplein.nl/en/facilities/gelderlandpleinlijn/ |title=Gelderlandpleinlijn |website=Gelderlandplein |access-date=24 March 2021 }}

{{as of|2021|03}}, there were 233 buses in the fleet of which 31 were electric.{{cite web |url=https://over.gvb.nl/ov-in-amsterdam/feiten-en-cijfers/bus-in-cijfers/ |title=Bus in cijfers |website=GVB |access-date=24 March 2021 |language=Dutch }}

The busiest bus route as of 2017, is bus route 21, running every 8 minutes or less, seven days a week.{{cite web | url=http://www.gvb.nl/overgvb/feiten-en-cijfers/Pages/vervoer-in-cijfers.aspx | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111228205721/http://www.gvb.nl/overgvb/feiten-en-cijfers/Pages/vervoer-in-cijfers.aspx | archive-date=28 December 2011 | title=Vervoer in cijfers : GVB }}

= Bus routes =

class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;"

! Line

! Route

! Notes

15

| Station Sloterdijk – Station Zuid

|

18

| Amsterdam Centraal – Slotervaart

|

21

| Amsterdam Centraal – Geuzenveld

|

22

| Station Sloterdijk – Muiderpoortstation

|

34

| Noorderpark (metrostation) – Olof Palmeplein

|

35

| Molenwijk – Olof Palmeplein

|

36

| Station Noord – Station Sloterdijk

|

37

| Station Noord – Amstelstation

|

38

| Buiksloterham – Station Noord

|

40

| Amstelstation – Muiderpoortstation

|

41

| Station Holendrecht – Muiderpoortstation

|

43

| Amsterdam Centraal – Borneo-eiland

|

44

| Station Bijlmer ArenA – Diemen-Noord

|

47

| Station Bijlmer ArenA – Station Holendrecht

|

48

| Amsterdam Centraal – Houthavens

|

49

| Station Bijlmer ArenA – Station Weesp

| Operates during daytime hours on weekdays only.

61

| Station Sloterdijk – Osdorpplein

|

62

| Station Lelylaan – Amstelstation

|

63

| Station Lelylaan – Osdorp De Aker

|

65

| KNSM-eiland – Station Zuid

|

66

| Station Bijlmer ArenA – IJburg

|

68

| Metrostation Henk Sneevlietweg – Riekerpolder

| Operates during daytime hours on weekdays only.

231

| Station Sloterdijk – Abberdaan

| Rush hour commuter route

232

| Station Sloterdijk – Westpoort

| Rush hour commuter route

233

| Station Sloterdijk – Westpoort

| Rush hour commuter route

245

| Molenwijk – Schiphol Zuid

| Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport

246

| Borneo-eiland – Schiphol Zuid

| Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport

247

| Bos en Lommerplein – Schiphol Zuid

| Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport

267

| Anderlechtlaan – John M. Keynesplein

| Rush hour commuter route

369

| Station Sloterdijk – Schiphol

| Operates to and from Schipol Airport

461

| Gelderlandplein – Gustav Mahlerplein

| Only operates during late morning and afternoon

463

| Gelderlandplein – Bolestein

| Only operates during late morning and afternoon

464

| Gelderlandplein – Vivaldi

| Only operates during late morning and afternoon

=Night bus routes=

These routes operate as a hub and spoke model. Hours of operation are extended longer on Saturday and Sunday mornings due to a later start of service for daytime routes.

class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;"

! Line

! Route

! Days of Operation

N81

|Centraal Station - Station Sloterdijk

|Friday and weekend nights

N82

|Centraal Station - Geuzenveld

|Friday and weekend nights

N83

|Centraal Station - Osdorp De Aker

|Friday and weekend nights

N84

|Centraal Station - Amstelveen Busstation

|Friday and weekend nights

N85

|Centraal Station - Station Gein

|Nightly

N86

|Centraal Station - Station Bijlmer ArenA

|Weekend nights

N87

|Centraal Station - Station Bijlmer ArenA

|Nightly

N88

|Centraal Station - Nieuw Sloten

|Friday and weekend nights

N89

|Centraal Station - IJburg

|Friday and weekend nights

N91

|Centraal Station - Nieuwendam

|Friday and weekend nights

N93

|Centraal Station - Molenwijk

|Friday and weekend nights

Ferries

File:GVB ferry Ijveer 52 b.jpg

Since 1 July 2013, GVB Veren (veren meaning ferries) has been operating ferry services crossing both the IJ and the North Sea Canal on behalf of the City of Amsterdam. Most of these ferries offer free rides for pedestrians and cyclists. Within the City of Amsterdam, there are seven ferry routes across the IJ, two of which operate overnight. Outside of Amsterdam, the GVB operates three ferry routes across the North Sea Canal at Zaandam, Velsen and Assendelft. The GVB has 19 ferry boats servicing these routes, and is replacing diesel-powered ferries with electrically-operated vessels. The ferries have a maximum speed of {{convert|19|kph}}.{{cite web |url=https://over.gvb.nl/ov-in-amsterdam/feiten-en-cijfers/veren-in-cijfers/ |title=Veren in cijfers |publisher=Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf |website=GVB |access-date=18 March 2021 |language=Dutch }}

Ferry routes crossing the IJ are:{{cite web |url=https://www.amsterdamtips.com/amsterdam-ferry-map |title=Amsterdam Ferry Services & Map |website=Amsterdam Tips |access-date=18 March 2021 }}

  • F1: Azartplein to Zamenhofstraat
  • F2: Central Station to IJplein
  • F3: Central Station to Buiksloterweg (24/7 with a 12-minute frequency between 12:00am and 6:24am)
  • F4: Central Station to NDSM
  • F5: Central Station to NDSM via Pontsteiger
  • F6: Pontsteiger to Distelweg
  • F7: Pontsteiger to NDSM
  • F9: Zeeburgereiland to Sporenburg{{cite web |url=https://activiteiten.amsterdam.nl/activiteiten/2023/01/opening-nieuwe-pontverbinding/ |title=Opening nieuwe pontverbinding Zeeburgereiland (Sluisbuurt) - Sporenburg OHG (Tegelbergplein) |publisher=Gemeente Amsterdam |date=9 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411135546/https://activiteiten.amsterdam.nl/activiteiten/2023/01/opening-nieuwe-pontverbinding/ |archive-date=11 April 2023 |language=Dutch }}

Ferry routes crossing the North Sea Canal are:{{cite web |url=https://reisinfo.gvb.nl/en/lijnen?boat&show |title=Lines (ferries) |publisher=Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf |website=GVB |access-date=18 March 2021 }}

  • F20 Hempontplein to Zaandam
  • F21 Spaarndam to Assendelft (24/7)
  • F22 Velsen Zuid to Velsen Noord (24/7)

Ticketing

The Amsterdam public transport network falls under the National Tariff System of the Netherlands and the GVB has a few of its own tickets, notably the 24-, 48- and 72- hour tickets. The electronic OV-chipkaart has been the only ticketing system valid in the Amsterdam metro since the summer of 2009, and in the rest of the network (tram, bus) since June 2010. Most trams carry conductors, but as they no longer stamp passengers' strippenkaarten their role has been deskilled; it now consists in ensuring security along with selling the occasional OV-chipkaart and optionally announcing the stops.

Notes

{{reflist|group=note}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

{{commons|Gemeentevervoerbedrijf Amsterdam}}

  • [https://gvb.nl/en GVB (official)] {{in lang|en}}
  • [https://tramtravels.com/company/gemeentevervoerbedrijf-amsterdam-gvb Tram Travels: Gemeentevervoerbedrijf Amsterdam (GVB)]
  • [http://www.urbanrail.net/eu/nl/ams/amsterdam.htm UrbanRail.Net]

{{Amsterdam}}

Category:Public transport operators

Category:Rapid transit in the Netherlands

Category:Tram transport in the Netherlands

Category:Trams in Amsterdam

Category:Transport in Amsterdam

Category:Amsterdam Metro

Category:Light rail in the Netherlands

Category:Regional rail in the Netherlands