GWR 9400 Class

{{Short description|British steam locomotive class (1947–1965)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}

{{Use British English|date=December 2017}}

{{more footnotes|date=December 2014}}

{{Infobox locomotive

| name = Great Western Railway 9400 class

| powertype = Steam

| image = File:Paddington Hawksworth '9400' 0-6-0PT geograph-2954481-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg

| caption = 9405 at Paddington in 1947

| designer = Frederick Hawksworth

| builder = {{ubl|Swindon Works (10)|R. Stephenson & Hawthorns (100)|W. G. Bagnall (50)|Yorkshire Engine Company (50)}}

| ordernumber = GWR Lot Nos. 365, 382–387

| serialnumber = {{ubl|RSH: 7450–69, 7547–96, 7611–40|WGB: 2910–2959|YEC: 2443–72, 2544–53, 2575–84}}

| builddate = 1947–1956

| totalproduction = 210

| whytetype = 0-6-0PT

| uicclass = {{ubl|C h2t (10)|C n2t (200)}}

| gauge = {{track gauge|uksg|allk=on}}

| driverdiameter = {{convert|4|ft|7+1/2|in|m|3|abbr=on}}

| minimumcurve = {{ubl|{{convert|5|chain}} normal,|{{convert|4.5|chain}} slow}}

| wheelbase = {{convert|15|ft|6|in|m|2|abbr=on}}

| length = {{convert|33|ft|2|in|m|2|abbr=on}} over buffers

| width = {{convert|8|ft|7|in|m|3|abbr=on}}

| height = {{convert|12|ft|5+1/2|in|m|3|abbr=on}}

| axleload = {{long ton|19|5}} ({{convert|19|LT|5|Lcwt|ST|1|abbr=on|disp=output only}}) full

| locoweight = {{long ton|55|7}} ({{convert|55|LT|7|Lcwt|ST|1|abbr=on|disp=output only}}) full

| fueltype = Coal

| fuelcap =

| watercap = {{convert|1300|impgal|abbr=on}}

| firearea = {{convert|17.40|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}

| boiler = GWR Standard No. 10{{Cite book|last=Champ|first=Jim |title=An Introduction to Great Western Locomotive Development |year=2018|publisher=Pen & Sword Transport |isbn=978-1-4738-7784-9|location=Barnsley |oclc=1029234106 |ol=26953051M |page=320 }}

| fireboxarea = {{convert|101.7|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}

| tubearea = {{convert|1245.7|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}

| totalsurface = {{convert|1347|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}

| boilerpressure = {{convert|200|lbf/in2|MPa|2|abbr=on}}

| cylindercount = Two, inside

| cylindersize = {{convert|17+1/2|x|24|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}

| tractiveeffort = {{convert|22515|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on}}

| operator = {{ubl|Great Western Railway|British Railways}}

| operatorclass = 9400 or 94XX

| powerclass = {{ubl|GWR: C|BR: 4F}}

| axleloadclass = GWR: Red

| fleetnumbers = 9400–9499, 8400–8499, 3400–3409

| locale = Western Region

| withdrawndate = 1959–1965

| preservedunits = 9400, 9466

| disposition = Two preserved, remainder scrapped

}}

The Great Western Railway (GWR) 9400 Class is a class of 0-6-0 pannier tank steam locomotive, used for shunting and banking duties.

The first ten 9400s were the last steam engines built by the GWR. After nationalisation in 1948, another 200 were built by private contractors for British Railways (BR). Most had very short working lives as the duties for which they were designed disappeared through changes in working practices or were taken over by diesel locomotives. Two locomotives survived into preservation, with the oldest of the class, 9400 as part of the National Collection.

Design

File:Swindon 09 Works a new '9400' class 0-6-0PT geograph-2578519-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg

The 9400 class was the final development in a long lineage of tank locomotives that can be directly traced to the 645 Class of 1872. Over the decades details altered, the most significant being the adoption of Belpaire fireboxes necessitating pannier tanks.

The 9400 resembled a pannier tank version of the 2251 class, and indeed shared the same boiler and cylinders as the 2251, but was in fact a taper-boilered development of the 8750 subgroup of the 5700 class. The advantage was a useful increase in boiler power, but there was a significant weight penalty that restricted route availability. The 10 GWR-built locomotives had superheaters but the remainder did not.

The 9400s were numbered 9400–9499, 8400–8499 and 3400–3409. BR gave them the power classification 4F.

Build details

class=wikitable

|+ Table of orders and numbers{{sfn|Whitehurst|1973|pp=32, 70, 73–74}}

! Lot No. !! Fleet Nos. !! Manufacturer !! Serial Nos. !! Date !! Notes

3659400–9409Swindon Works1947
3829410–9459Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns7547–75961950–1951
3839460–9489Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns7611–76401950–1953
3848400–8449W. G. Bagnall2910–29591949–1954
3858450–8479Yorkshire Engine Company2443–65/67–71/66/721949–1952
3868480–8499Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns7450–74691952under subcontract from Hudswell Clarke
3879490–9499Yorkshire Engine Company2544–25531954–1955under subcontract from Hunslet Engine Company
3873400–3409Yorkshire Engine Company2575–25841955–1956under subcontract from Hunslet Engine Company

No. 3409 was the last locomotive built for British mainline use by private contractors, as well as the last steam locomotive built for British Railways to a pre-nationalisation design. It was ordered by GWR in December 1947 and delivered by Yorkshire Engine Company in October 1956.{{sfn|Atkins|1999|p=51}}

Operations

File:Old Oak Common Yard geograph-2574255-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg

File:Dunstall Park station, with Up goods including a dead engine geograph-2572669-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg

The 9400 Class migrated to most parts of the former GWR, with many based in South Wales and at Old Oak Common. Here they were used on Paddington empty stock work until the end of steam on the Western Region in 1965. A common sight on the departure side in 1964–1965 was a worn down 9400 Class locomotive without number plates waiting with a line of Mark 1 coaches.{{CN|date=September 2022}}

Numbers 8400 to 8406 served as bank engines on the Lickey Incline after its transferral to the Western Region.

Preservation

File:9466 Tyseley (1).jpg

Two have been preserved:

Class="wikitable"

! GWR/BR No.

! TOPS No.

! Home base

! Notes

! Image

9400n/aSwindon Steam Railway MuseumPart of the National Railway CollectionFile:Steam Museum (9333939380).jpg
946698466West Somerset RailwayThe locomotive is operational and mainline certified. Frequent visitor to the Mid-Norfolk Railway, the Metropolitan Line and other lines running charters, including a special funeral train for its owner. Formerly based at the Buckinghamshire Railway Centre privately owned by Dennis B Howells until his death in 2018,{{Cite web| url=http://9466.co.uk/| title=Home| website=9466 Locomotive Group| access-date=2019-06-26}} the locomotive was subsequently sold to JJP Holdings South West Ltd and was based at the West Somerset Railway after a short return visit to the Mid-Norfolk Railway.{{Cite web| url=https://www.mnr.org.uk/| title=(home)| website=Mid-Norfolk Railway| access-date=2019-06-26}} It was resident at the Ecclesbourne Valley Railway where it was to remain until its boiler ticket expires at the end of 2025.{{Cite web| url=http://www.e-v-r.com/engine-shed/| title=Virtual Engine Shed| website=Ecclesbourne Valley Railway| access-date=2021-05-26}}{{Cite web| url=https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2020/11/steam-locomotive-9466-set-for-ecclesbourne-stay-until-2025.html| title=Steam Locomotive 9466 set for Ecclesbourne stay until 2025| website=Rail Advent| access-date=2021-05-26}} It has since moved back to the West Somerset Railway in early 2022 following analysis of weight restrictions on the line which concluded that the locomotive was safe to operate on the line once again. It will operate on the West Somerset Railway until its boiler ticket expires in 2025.{{Cite web| url=https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2022/02/pannier-steam-locomotive-to-see-out-boiler-ticket-in-somerset.html| title=Pannier steam locomotive to see out boiler ticket in Somerset| website=Rail Advent| access-date=2022-02-23}}File:9466 Didcot.jpg

See also

  • GWR 0-6-0PTlist of classes of GWR 0-6-0 pannier tank, including table of preserved locomotives

References

{{reflist}}

=Sources=

  • {{cite book

| last = Atkins

| first = Philips

| year = 1999

| title = The Golden Age of Steam Locomotive Building

| publisher = Atlantic Transport Publishers and the National Railway Museum

| place = Penryn, Cornwall

| isbn = 0-906899-87-7

| oclc = 468585665}}

  • {{cite book |last=Russell |first=J.H. |year=1975 |title=A Pictorial Record of Great Western Engines}}
  • {{Whitehurst GW Engines from 1940|pages=32, 70, 73–74, 82, 102, 158}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book |title=The Pannier Papers No.1 94XX 84XX 34XX |first=Richard |last=Derry |publisher=The Irwell Press |year=2008 }}