GWR 9400 Class
{{Short description|British steam locomotive class (1947–1965)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2017}}
{{more footnotes|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| name = Great Western Railway 9400 class
| powertype = Steam
| image = File:Paddington Hawksworth '9400' 0-6-0PT geograph-2954481-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
| caption = 9405 at Paddington in 1947
| designer = Frederick Hawksworth
| builder = {{ubl|Swindon Works (10)|R. Stephenson & Hawthorns (100)|W. G. Bagnall (50)|Yorkshire Engine Company (50)}}
| ordernumber = GWR Lot Nos. 365, 382–387
| serialnumber = {{ubl|RSH: 7450–69, 7547–96, 7611–40|WGB: 2910–2959|YEC: 2443–72, 2544–53, 2575–84}}
| builddate = 1947–1956
| totalproduction = 210
| whytetype = 0-6-0PT
| uicclass = {{ubl|C h2t (10)|C n2t (200)}}
| gauge = {{track gauge|uksg|allk=on}}
| driverdiameter = {{convert|4|ft|7+1/2|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| minimumcurve = {{ubl|{{convert|5|chain}} normal,|{{convert|4.5|chain}} slow}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|15|ft|6|in|m|2|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|33|ft|2|in|m|2|abbr=on}} over buffers
| width = {{convert|8|ft|7|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|12|ft|5+1/2|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| axleload = {{long ton|19|5}} ({{convert|19|LT|5|Lcwt|ST|1|abbr=on|disp=output only}}) full
| locoweight = {{long ton|55|7}} ({{convert|55|LT|7|Lcwt|ST|1|abbr=on|disp=output only}}) full
| fueltype = Coal
| fuelcap =
| watercap = {{convert|1300|impgal|abbr=on}}
| firearea = {{convert|17.40|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}
| boiler = GWR Standard No. 10{{Cite book|last=Champ|first=Jim |title=An Introduction to Great Western Locomotive Development |year=2018|publisher=Pen & Sword Transport |isbn=978-1-4738-7784-9|location=Barnsley |oclc=1029234106 |ol=26953051M |page=320 }}
| fireboxarea = {{convert|101.7|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}
| tubearea = {{convert|1245.7|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}
| totalsurface = {{convert|1347|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}
| boilerpressure = {{convert|200|lbf/in2|MPa|2|abbr=on}}
| cylindercount = Two, inside
| cylindersize = {{convert|17+1/2|x|24|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| tractiveeffort = {{convert|22515|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on}}
| operator = {{ubl|Great Western Railway|British Railways}}
| operatorclass = 9400 or 94XX
| powerclass = {{ubl|GWR: C|BR: 4F}}
| axleloadclass = GWR: Red
| fleetnumbers = 9400–9499, 8400–8499, 3400–3409
| locale = Western Region
| withdrawndate = 1959–1965
| preservedunits = 9400, 9466
| disposition = Two preserved, remainder scrapped
}}
The Great Western Railway (GWR) 9400 Class is a class of 0-6-0 pannier tank steam locomotive, used for shunting and banking duties.
The first ten 9400s were the last steam engines built by the GWR. After nationalisation in 1948, another 200 were built by private contractors for British Railways (BR). Most had very short working lives as the duties for which they were designed disappeared through changes in working practices or were taken over by diesel locomotives. Two locomotives survived into preservation, with the oldest of the class, 9400 as part of the National Collection.
Design
File:Swindon 09 Works a new '9400' class 0-6-0PT geograph-2578519-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
The 9400 class was the final development in a long lineage of tank locomotives that can be directly traced to the 645 Class of 1872. Over the decades details altered, the most significant being the adoption of Belpaire fireboxes necessitating pannier tanks.
The 9400 resembled a pannier tank version of the 2251 class, and indeed shared the same boiler and cylinders as the 2251, but was in fact a taper-boilered development of the 8750 subgroup of the 5700 class. The advantage was a useful increase in boiler power, but there was a significant weight penalty that restricted route availability. The 10 GWR-built locomotives had superheaters but the remainder did not.
The 9400s were numbered 9400–9499, 8400–8499 and 3400–3409. BR gave them the power classification 4F.
Build details
class=wikitable
|+ Table of orders and numbers{{sfn|Whitehurst|1973|pp=32, 70, 73–74}} ! Lot No. !! Fleet Nos. !! Manufacturer !! Serial Nos. !! Date !! Notes | |||||
365 | 9400–9409 | Swindon Works | — | 1947 | |
382 | 9410–9459 | Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns | 7547–7596 | 1950–1951 | |
383 | 9460–9489 | Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns | 7611–7640 | 1950–1953 | |
384 | 8400–8449 | W. G. Bagnall | 2910–2959 | 1949–1954 | |
385 | 8450–8479 | Yorkshire Engine Company | 2443–65/67–71/66/72 | 1949–1952 | |
386 | 8480–8499 | Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns | 7450–7469 | 1952 | under subcontract from Hudswell Clarke |
387 | 9490–9499 | Yorkshire Engine Company | 2544–2553 | 1954–1955 | under subcontract from Hunslet Engine Company |
387 | 3400–3409 | Yorkshire Engine Company | 2575–2584 | 1955–1956 | under subcontract from Hunslet Engine Company |
No. 3409 was the last locomotive built for British mainline use by private contractors, as well as the last steam locomotive built for British Railways to a pre-nationalisation design. It was ordered by GWR in December 1947 and delivered by Yorkshire Engine Company in October 1956.{{sfn|Atkins|1999|p=51}}
Operations
File:Old Oak Common Yard geograph-2574255-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
The 9400 Class migrated to most parts of the former GWR, with many based in South Wales and at Old Oak Common. Here they were used on Paddington empty stock work until the end of steam on the Western Region in 1965. A common sight on the departure side in 1964–1965 was a worn down 9400 Class locomotive without number plates waiting with a line of Mark 1 coaches.{{CN|date=September 2022}}
Numbers 8400 to 8406 served as bank engines on the Lickey Incline after its transferral to the Western Region.
Preservation
Two have been preserved:
See also
- GWR 0-6-0PT – list of classes of GWR 0-6-0 pannier tank, including table of preserved locomotives
References
{{reflist}}
=Sources=
- {{cite book
| last = Atkins
| first = Philips
| year = 1999
| title = The Golden Age of Steam Locomotive Building
| publisher = Atlantic Transport Publishers and the National Railway Museum
| place = Penryn, Cornwall
| isbn = 0-906899-87-7
| oclc = 468585665}}
- {{cite book |last=Russell |first=J.H. |year=1975 |title=A Pictorial Record of Great Western Engines}}
- {{Whitehurst GW Engines from 1940|pages=32, 70, 73–74, 82, 102, 158}}
Further reading
- {{cite book |title=The Pannier Papers No.1 94XX 84XX 34XX |first=Richard |last=Derry |publisher=The Irwell Press |year=2008 }}
External links
{{Commons category|GWR 9400 Class}}
- [http://www.greatwestern.org.uk/m_in_060.htm The Great Western Archive]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20120204104616/http://www.9466.co.uk/9466intro.html Website for preserved locomotive 9466]
- [http://www.gwr.org.uk/nopanniers.html Guide to GWR Pannier Tank Classes]
{{GWR Locomotives}}
Category:Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns locomotives
Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1947