Gaecheon Light Railway

{{Short description|Japanese company in colonial Korea}}

{{Infobox rail line

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| name = Gaecheon Light Railway

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| native_name = 개천 경변철도 (Gaecheon Gyeongbyeon Cheoldo)
价川軽便鉄道 (Kaisen Keibentetsudō)

| native_name_lang = ko

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{{routemap|inline=1

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\STRq\~~ ~~ ~~to Sentetsu Gaecheon Line 1 September 1933

\fSTRq\~~ ~~ ~~to Sentetsu Joyang Colliery Line 1 September 1933

\STRq_orange\~~ ~~ ~~to Sentetsu Manpo Line 1 November 1932

\STRq_yellow\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu Manpo Line

\uSTRq\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu Gyeongui Line

\\uCONTg@G\\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu Gyeongui Line

\\uBHF\\~~0.0~~Sinanju

\\STR!~uSTRl\uCONTfq\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu Gyeongui Line

\\BHF\\~~6.4~~Anju

\\BHF\\~~11.1~~Puksongri

\\BHF\\~~16.3~~Yeonpung

\\HST\\~~21.3~~Unheungri

\fSTR+l\fSTR+r!~STR\\~~ ~~ ~~Joyang Colliery Line

\fSTR\STRl!~STR+l orange\KBHFaq yellow!~KBHFeq_orange\CONTfq_yellow~~{{BSsplit|29.5|0.0|align=left|line=yes}}~~Gaecheon~~Sentetsu Gaecheon−Gujang (Manpo Line 2nd section open 15 Oct 1933)

\fSTR\KBHFa_yellow!~KBHFe_orange\\~~35.8~~Cheondong

\fHST\STR_yellow\\~~8.6~~Gueup

\fSTR\CONTf_yellow\\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu Suncheon−Gaechon (Manpo Line 1st section)

\fHST\\\~~17.8~~Seokgan

\fKBHFe\\\~~22.1~~Joyang Tan-gwang

}}

}}

The Gaecheon Light Railway ({{Korean|hangul=개천 경변철도}}, Gaecheon Gyeongbyeon Cheoldo; Japanese: 价川軽便鉄道, Kaisen Keibentetsudō) was a privately owned railway company in Japanese-occupied Korea.

On 13 May 1916 the Mitsui Mining Railway ({{Korean|hangul=미츠이 광산 전용 철도|mr=Mich'ŭi Kwangsan Chŏn'yong Ch'ŏldo}}; 三井鉱山専用鉄道, Mitsui Kōzan Sen'yō Tetsudō) opened its first railway line, a {{convert|29.5|km|abbr=on}} {{convert|762|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} narrow-gauge line from Gaecheon to Sinanju, where it connected with the Chosen Government Railway's (Sentetsu) Gyeongseong−Sinuiju mainline, the Gyeongui Line. The Mitsui Railway subsequently extended its line with a {{convert|6.3|km|abbr=on}} section from Gaecheon to Cheondong, which was opened on 1 December 1918. Passenger service was relatively frequent, with four daily return trips in 1920 between Sinanju and Jeondong; a fifth daily train ran between Sinanju and Gaecheon.Official Guide to Eastern Asia vol. 1 Chōsen & Manchuria, Siberia, p. 134, Department of Railways, Tokyo, 1920 In 1927 the company was reformed, becoming the Gaecheon Light Railway.

Sentetsu leased the new extension on 1 November 1932,朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 1741, 26 October 1932 (in Japanese) in order to incorporate it into the Suncheon−Manpo Manpo Line then under construction; Sentetsu opened the first section, from Suncheon to Cheondong, on that same day. Sentetsu immediately began converting the Gaecheon–Cheondong section to standard gauge, completing this work on 15 July 1933,朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 1947, 7 July 1933 (in Japanese) and incorporating it into the Manpo Line, whose second section from Gaecheon to Gujang was completed three months later, on 15 October 1933.

On 1 September 1933, Sentetsu bought the Gaecheon Light Railway out outright, and the remainder of the line was absorbed officially into the Sentetsu system, with the Gaecheon–Cheondong section becoming part of the Manp'o Line. The Sinanju−Gaecheon section, named the Gaecheon Line, however, remained a narrow-gauge line; it was only after the partition of Korea and the subsequent nationalisation of the railways in North Korea that it was converted to standard gauge.{{cite book| author = 国分隼人| title = 将軍様の鉄道: 北朝鮮鉄道事情| date = January 2007| publisher = 新潮社| isbn = 978-4-10-303731-6 }} The Korean State Railway began the regauging work in March 1949, completing it in eight months.[http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=2090763&cid=44454&categoryId=44461 North Korea Geographic Information: Transportation Geography - Kaech'ŏn Line (in Korean)]