Gallatin County, Kentucky

{{Infobox U.S. county

| county = Gallatin County

| state = Kentucky

| seal =

| founded year = 1798

| founded date =

| coordinates = {{Coord|38.76|-84.86|type:adm2nd_region:US-KY_source:UScensus1990|display=title,inline}}

| seat wl = Warsaw

| largest city wl = Warsaw

| area_total_sq_mi = 105

| area_land_sq_mi = 101

| area_water_sq_mi = 3.5

| area percentage = 3.3%

| census yr = 2020

| pop = 8690

| pop_est_as_of = 2024

| population_est = 8805 {{increase}}

| density_sq_mi = auto

| time zone = Eastern

| footnotes =

| web = https://gallatinky.org/

| named for = Albert Gallatin

| ex image = Gallatin county courthouse.jpg

| ex image cap = Gallatin County Courthouse in Warsaw

| district = 4th

}}

Gallatin County, is a county located in the northern part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. Its county seat is Warsaw.{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }} The county was founded in 1798 and named for Albert Gallatin, the Secretary of the Treasury under President Thomas Jefferson.{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n132 133]}}{{cite web |last1=Bryant |first1=Ron D. |date= |title=Gallatin County |url=http://www.kyenc.org/entry/g/GALLA01.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002180228/http://www.kyenc.org/entry/g/GALLA01.html |archive-date=October 2, 2018 |access-date=September 22, 2022 |website=The Kentucky Encyclopedia}} Gallatin County is included in the Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located along the Ohio River across from Indiana.

History

The county was formed on December 14, 1798. Gallatin was the 31st Kentucky county to be established. It was derived from parts of Franklin and Shelby counties.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gZFQAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA26 | title=Collins' Historical Sketches of Kentucky: History of Kentucky, Volume 2 | publisher=Collins & Company | author=Collins, Lewis | year=1882 | page=26}} Later, parts of the county were pared off to create three additional counties: Owen in 1819, Trimble in 1836, and Carroll in 1838. Today Gallatin is one tenth of its original size. Its northern border is the Ohio River.

The population of Gallatin County in 1800 was 1,291, according to the Second Census of Kentucky, composed of 960 whites, 329 slaves, and 2 "freemen of color".{{cite web|url=http://nkaa.uky.edu/record.php?note_id=2347|title=Notable Kentucky African Americans - Gallatin County (KY) Slaves, Free Blacks, and Free Mulattoes, 1850-1870|first=University of Kentucky|last=Libraries}}

During the Civil War, several skirmishes occurred in the county and the Union Army arrested a number of men for treason for supporting the Confederates.

The 1866 Gallatin County Race Riot happened just after the Civil War, when bands of lawless Ku Klux Klansmen terrorized parts of the Bluegrass State. "A band of five hundred whites in Gallatin County... forced hundreds of blacks to flee across the Ohio River."Harrison, Lowell H. and James C. Klotter 1997. A New History of Kentucky. University Press of Kentucky. Lexington, Kentucky. pg. 237.

On December 4, 1868, two passenger steamers, the America and the United States, collided on the Ohio River near Warsaw. The United States carried a cargo of kerosene barrels which caught fire. The flames soon spread to the America, and many passengers perished by burning or drowning. The combined death toll was 162, making it one of the most deadly steamboat accidents in American history.

The Lynchings of the Frenches of Warsaw were conducted by a white mob on May 3, 1876. It was unusual as Benjamin and Mollie French were killed for the murder of Lake Jones, another, older African-American man. They were hanged by local masked KKK members.Wright, George C. 1990. Racial Violence in Kentucky, 1865–1940: Lynchings, Mob Rule, and "Legal Lynchings". Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, pp. 98-99.

As the 20th century progressed, commercial river trade began to decline, and the steamboat era ended, as faster means of transportation became available. Rail lines expanded, automobiles and trucks became reliable, and aircraft soon arrived on the scene. In the postwar period after World War II, numerous major highways were constructed, leading to greater auto travel and commuting. Gallatin County is traversed by I-71, U.S. 42, and U.S. 127. By the 1980s, more than 50 percent of the population was employed outside the county.[http://www.rootsweb.com/~kygalla2/history.htm "Gallatin County"], Rootsweb

Construction on the Markland Locks and Dam began in 1956 and was completed in 1964. In 1967 a hydroelectric power plant was built at the dam, which provided jobs.

Marco Allen Chapman was executed in 2008 for multiple murders he committed on August 23, 2002, in Warsaw, Kentucky.{{cite web|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-05-09-2368989543_x.htm|title=Kentucky death row inmate: 'I'm ready and I'm sorry' |website=USATODAY.com|access-date=February 24, 2017}} He murdered two children, Chelbi Sharon, 7, and Cody Sharon, 6, by slitting their throats.Estep, Bill. "[http://www.kentucky.com/2008/11/22/601002_killer-is-executed.html?rh=1 Killer is Executed]", Lexington Herald-Leader. November 22, 2008 He raped and stabbed their mother, Carolyn Marksberry, more than 15 times.{{cite web |url=https://caselaw.findlaw.com/ky-supreme-court/1204990.html |title=Supreme Court of Kentucky. Marco Allen CHAPMAN, Appellant, v. COMMONWEALTH of Kentucky, Appellee. No. 2005-SC-000070-MR. Decided: August 23, 2007 |website=FindLaw |access-date=February 13, 2017}} A third child, daughter 10-year-old Courtney Sharon, played dead after being stabbed and then escaped.Mark Pitsch. Two Gallatin Children Killed in Knife Attack; Mom, Sister Hurt; Suspect Arrested in West Virginia. August 24, 2002. Courier-Journal. Louisville, Ky. Thirty-seven-year-old Chapman was executed on November 21, 2008, by lethal injection at the Kentucky State Penitentiary in Eddyville, Kentucky. He was the last person executed by the Commonwealth.[https://web.archive.org/web/20171107010310/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local/story.aspx?content_id=f11aa655-ca18-443e-971b-6f575e87a87f], WCPO-TV, News Local

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|105|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|101|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|3.5|sqmi}} (3.3%) is water.{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_21.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210847/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_21.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 12, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 14, 2014 |date=August 22, 2012 |title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files }} It is the second smallest county by area in Kentucky.{{cite web|url=http://www.uky.edu/KentuckyAtlas/kentucky-counties.html |title=Kentucky Counties |website=Uky.edu |access-date=February 24, 2017}}

=Adjacent counties=

Switzerland County, Indiana (north)
Boone County (northeast)
Grant County (southeast)
Owen County (south)
Carroll County (west)

Demographics

{{US Census population

| 1800 = 1291

| 1810 = 3307

| 1820 = 7075

| 1830 = 6674

| 1840 = 4003

| 1850 = 5137

| 1860 = 5056

| 1870 = 5074

| 1880 = 4832

| 1890 = 4611

| 1900 = 5163

| 1910 = 4697

| 1920 = 4664

| 1930 = 4437

| 1940 = 4307

| 1950 = 3969

| 1960 = 3867

| 1970 = 4134

| 1980 = 4842

| 1990 = 5393

| 2000 = 7870

| 2010 = 8589

| align-fn = center

| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 14, 2014}}
1790–1960{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=August 14, 2014}} 1900–1990{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ky190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 14, 2014}}
1990–2000{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 14, 2014}} 2010–2021{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/21/21077.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 6, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607101528/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/21/21077.html|archive-date=June 7, 2011}}

| 2020 = 8690

| estimate = 8805

| estref = {{Cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2024 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html|access-date=March 13, 2025 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}

| estyear = 2024

}}

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 8,589 people living in the county. 94.7% were White, 1.3% Black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Native American, 1.6% of some other race and 2.0% of two or more races. 4.3% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 22.6% were of German, 21.4% American, 13.8% Irish and 6.5% English ancestry.{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|title=U.S. Census website|publisher=United States Census Bureau}}

As of the census{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }} of 2000, there were 7,870 people, 2,902 households, and 2,135 families living in the county. The population density was {{convert|80|/sqmi|/km2}}. There were 3,362 housing units at an average density of {{convert|34|/sqmi|/km2}}. The racial makeup of the county was 96.72% White, 1.59% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.25% from other races, and 1.04% from two or more races. 1.04% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 2,902 households, out of which 37.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.00% were married couples living together, 10.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.40% were non-families. 22.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.60% under the age of 18, 7.70% from 18 to 24, 31.00% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 10.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 98.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,422, and the median income for a family was $41,136. Males had a median income of $32,081 versus $21,803 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,416. About 11.60% of families and 13.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.60% of those under age 18 and 16.40% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

{{PresHead|place=Gallatin County, Kentucky|source={{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=July 1, 2018}}}}

Gallatin County used to be Democratic. In 1984, it was tied between Walter Mondale and Ronald Reagan, even as Reagan won Kentucky in a landslide. However, more recently it has turned more Republican, giving 73% of the vote to Donald Trump (even as Trump lost the popular vote nationally) in 2016.

=Elected officials=

class=wikitable
colspan="3" \|Elected officials as of January 3, 2025{{Cite web \|url=https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/Legislators/smembers_county.html \|title=Senate Members - County \|author= \|date= \|website=apps.legislature.ky.gov \|publisher=Kentucky General Assembly \|access-date=January 3, 2025 \|quote=}}{{Cite web \|url=https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/Legislators/hmembers_county.html \|title=House Members - County \|author= \|date= \|website=apps.legislature.ky.gov \|publisher=Kentucky General Assembly \|access-date=January 3, 2025 \|quote=}}
scope=row\|U.S. House \| {{party shading/Republican}}\|Thomas Massie (R) \| {{party shading/Republican}}\|{{ushr\|KY\|4\|B}}
scope=row\|Ky. Senate \| {{party shading/Republican}}\|Gex Williams (R) \| {{party shading/Republican}}\|20
scope=row\|Ky. House \| {{party shading/Republican}}\|Savannah Maddox (R) \| {{party shading/Republican}}\|61

class=wikitable

colspan="3" |Elected officials as of January 3, 2025{{Cite web |url=https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/Legislators/smembers_county.html |title=Senate Members - County |author= |date= |website=apps.legislature.ky.gov |publisher=Kentucky General Assembly |access-date=January 3, 2025 |quote=}}{{Cite web |url=https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/Legislators/hmembers_county.html |title=House Members - County |author= |date= |website=apps.legislature.ky.gov |publisher=Kentucky General Assembly |access-date=January 3, 2025 |quote=}}

scope=row|U.S. House

| {{party shading/Republican}}|Thomas Massie (R)

| {{party shading/Republican}}|{{ushr|KY|4|B}}

scope=row|Ky. Senate

| {{party shading/Republican}}|Gex Williams (R)

| {{party shading/Republican}}|20

scope=row|Ky. House

| {{party shading/Republican}}|Savannah Maddox (R)

| {{party shading/Republican}}|61

Communities

Glencoe
Sparta
Warsaw (county seat)

Infrastructure

=Transportation=

Interstate 71 runs through Gallatin County, with three exits around Sparta and Glencoe. Public transportation is provided by Senior Services of Northern Kentucky with demand-response service.{{cite web |title=SSNK Transportation Services |website=Senior Services of Northern Kentucky |access-date=May 19, 2015 |url=http://www.seniorservicesnky.org/transportation/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520162129/http://www.seniorservicesnky.org/transportation/ |archive-date=May 20, 2015 }}

=Aviation=

Proposals to build an airport in Gallatin County first circulated in 2004. Funding was officially granted by federal, state, and local authorities in 2019.{{cite web |last1=Weingartner |first1=Tana |title=You're clear for takeoff: Gallatin County Regional Airport is officially open |url=https://www.wvxu.org/local-news/2023-06-15/gallatin-county-regional-airport-sparta-kentucky-open |website=wxvu.org |publisher=Cincinnati Public Radio |access-date=June 20, 2024}} The airport officially opened in June 2023, and given the FAA location identifier 8GK.{{cite web |title=Gallatin County Airport |url=https://www.airnav.com/airport/8GK |website=airnav.com |publisher=AirNav |access-date=June 20, 2024}}

Notable residents

Samuel Brenton (November 22, 1810 – March 29, 1857) a US Representative from Indiana; born in Gallatin County, Kentucky.
John Taylor (Baptist preacher), a notable pioneer preacher and church historian, who became part of the frontier planter elite, holding 20 slaves and {{convert|2000|acre|ha}} in the county by the early 19th century.

File:GallatinTreas.jpg in Washington, D.C.]]