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Gardiner's sign list#Further reading

{{short description|Standard reference in the study of Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs}}

{{more footnotes needed|date=July 2015}}

Gardiner's sign list is a list of common Egyptian hieroglyphs compiled by Sir Alan Gardiner. It is considered a standard reference in the study of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Gardiner lists only the common forms of Egyptian hieroglyphs, but he includes extensive subcategories, and also both vertical and horizontal forms for many hieroglyphs. He includes size-variation forms to aid with the reading of hieroglyphs in running blocks of text. In contrast, for example, the Budge Reference has about 1,000 hieroglyphs listed in 50 pages, but with no size variations.

Gardiner does not cross-index signs; once a sign is put on one of his lists, other significant uses may be overlooked. One example of this is ๐“…’ G16, nbtแป‰, the ideogram for the Two Ladies, goddesses Wadjet as the cobra and Nekhbet as the white vulture. These are the protective and patron goddesses of the separate Egyptian kingdoms that joined into ancient Egypt, who were both then displayed on the uraeus of Wadjet when the unification occurred and afterward considered jointly to be the protectors of Egypt and the pharaohs. This ideogram is listed only in the bird list (G), and overlooked on the deity list (C) and the reptile list (I).

Other subcategories included by Gardiner are abbreviations and personalized forms, and also a complete subset, used on papyrus, specifically for the Book of the Dead.

Categories

= A. Man and his occupations <span class="anchor" id="A"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#A}}

56 signs in Gardiner (1957:242–247), with A59 "man threatening with stick" inserted after A25 "man striking with left hand hanging behind back", and two variants A14* "blood interpreted as ax" of A14 "man with blood streaming from his head"; and A17* "child sitting with arms hanging down" of A17 "child sitting with hand to mouth".

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valign="top"

| A1
A1

| A2
A2

| A3
A3

| A4
A4

| A5
A5

| A6
A6

| A7
A7

| A8
A8

| A9
A9

| A10
A10

valign="top"

| A11
A11

| A12
A12

| A13
A13

| A14
A14

| A15
A15

| A16
A16

| A17
A17

| A18
A18

| A19
A19

| A20
A20

valign="top"

| A21
A21

| A22
A22

| A23
A23

| A24
A24

| A25
A25

| A26
A26

| A27
A27

| A28
A28

| A29
A29

| A30
A30

valign="top"

| A31
A31

| A32
A32

| A33
A33

| A34
A34

| A35
A35

| A36
A36

| A37
A37

| A38
A38

| A39
A39

| A40
A40

valign="top"

| A41
A41

| A42
A42

| A43
A43

| A44
A44

| A45
A45

| A46
A46

| A47
A47

| A48
A48

| A49
A49

| A50
A50

valign="top"

| A51
A51

| A52
A52

| A53
A53

| A54
A54

| A55
A55

| A56
A56

| A57
A57

| A58
A58

| A59
A59

| A60
A60

= B. Woman and her occupations <span class="anchor" id="B"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#B}}

7 signs in Gardiner (1957:448).

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valign="top"

| B1
B1

| B2
B2

| B3
B3

| B4
B4

| B5
B5

| B6
B6

| B7
B7

| B8
B8

| B9
B9

| B10
B10

valign="top"

| B11
B11

| B12
B12

= C. Anthropomorphic deities <span class="anchor" id="C"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#C}}

{{further|Egyptian pantheon}}

11 signs in Gardiner (1957:448f.) with the addition of five 19th Dynasty signs, C12 Amun, C17 Mont, C18 Tjanen, C19 and C20 Ptah.

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valign="top"

| C1
C1

| C2
C2

| C3
C3

| C4
C4

| C5
C5

| C6
C6

| C7
C7

| C8
C8

| C9
C9

| C10
C10

valign="top"

| C11
C11

| C12
C12

|

|

|

|

| C17
C17

| C18
C18

| C19
C19

| C20
C20

= D. Parts of the human body <span class="anchor" id="D"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#D}}

Expected quantity: 63

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valign="top"

| D1
D1

| D2
D2

| D3
D3

| D4
D4

| D5
D5

| D6
D6

| D7
D7

| D8
D8

| D9
D9

| D10
D10

valign="top"

| D11
D11

| D12
D12

| D13
D13

| D14
D14

| D15
D15

| D16
D16

| D17
D17

| D18
D18

| D19
D19

| D20
D20

valign="top"

| D21
D21

| D22
D22

| D23
D23

| D24
D24

| D25
D25

| D26
D26

| D27
D27

| D28
D28

| D29
D29

| D30
D30

valign="top"

| D31
D31

| D32
D32

| D33
D33

| D34
D34

| D35
D35

| D36
D36

| D37
D37

| D38
D38

| D39
D39

| D40
D40

valign="top"

| D41
D41

| D42
D42

| D43
D43

| D44
D44

| D45
D45

| D46
D46

| D47
D47

| D48
D48

| D49
D49

| D50
D50

valign="top"

| D51
D51

| D52
D52

| D53
D53

| D54
D54

| D55
D55

| D56
D56

| D57
D57

| D58
D58

| D59
D59

| D60
D60

valign="top"

| D61
D61

| D62
D62

| D63
D63

| D64
D64

| D65
D65

| D66
D66

| D67
D67

| D68
D68

| D69
D69

| D70
D70

= E. Mammals <span class="anchor" id="E"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#E}}

Expected quantity: 34

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valign="top"

| E1
E1

| E2
E2

| E3
E3

| E4
E4

| E5
E5

| E6
E6

| E7
E7

| E8
E8

| E9
E9

| E10
E10

valign="top"

| E11
E11

| E12
E12

| E13
E13

| E14
E14

| E15
E15

| E16
E16

| E17
E17

| E18
E18

| E19
E19

| E20
E20

valign="top"

| E21
E21

| E22
E22

| E23
E23

| E24
E24

| E25
E25

| E26
E26

| E27
E27

| E28
E28

| E29
E29

| E30
E30

valign="top"

| E31
E31

| E32
E32

| E33
E33

| E34
E34

| E35
E35

| E36
E36

| E37
E37

| E38
E38

| E39
E39

| E40
E40

= F. Parts of mammals <span class="anchor" id="F"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#F}}

Expected quantity: 52

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valign="top"

| F1
F1

| F2
F2

| F3
F3

| F4
F4

| F5
F5

| F6
F6

| F7
F7

| F8
F8

| F9
F9

| F10
F10

valign="top"

| F11
F11

| F12
F12

| F13
F13

| F14
F14

| F15
F15

| F16
F16

| F17
F17

| F18
F18

| F19
F19

| F20
F20

valign="top"

| F21
F21

| F22
F22

| F23
F23

| F24
F24

| F25
F25

| F26
F26

| F27
F27

| F28
F28

| F29
F29

| F30
F30

valign="top"

| F31
F31

| F32
F32

| F33
F33

| F34
F34

| F35
F35

| F36
F36

| F37
F37

| F38
F38

| F39
F39

| F40
F40

valign="top"

| F41
F41

| F42
F42

| F43
F43

| F44
F44

| F45
F45

| F46
F46

| F47
F47

| F48
F48

| F49
F49

| F50
F50

valign="top"

| F51
F51

| F52
F52

| F53
F53

| F54
F54

| F55
F55

| F56
F56

| F57
F57

| F58
F58

| F59
F59

| F60
F60

= G. Birds <span class="anchor" id="G"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#G}}

Expected quantity: 54

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valign="top"

| G1
G1

| G2
G2

| G3
G3

| G4
G4

| G5
G5

| G6
G6

| G7
G7

| G8
G8

| G9
G9

| G10
G10

valign="top"

| G11
G11

| G12
G12

| G13
G13

| G14
G14

| G15
G15

| G16
G16

| G17
G17

| G18
G18

| G19
G19

| G20
G20

valign="top"

| G21
G21

| G22
G22

| G23
G23

| G24
G24

| G25
G25

| G26
G26

| G27
G27

| G28
G28

| G29
G29

| G30
G30

valign="top"

| G31
G31

| G32
G32

| G33
G33

| G34
G34

| G35
G35

| G36
G36

| G37
G37

| G38
G38

| G39
G39

| G40
G40

valign="top"

| G41
G41

| G42
G42

| G43
G43

| G44
G44

| G45
G45

| G46
G46

| G47
G47

| G48
G48

| G49
G49

| G50
G50

valign="top"

| G51
G51

| G52
G52

| G53
G53

| G54
G54

| G55
G55

| G56
G56

| G57
G57

| G58
G58

| G59
G59

| G60
G60

= H. Parts of birds <span class="anchor" id="H"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#H}}

Expected quantity: 8

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valign="top"

| H1
H1

| H2
H2

| H3
H3

| H4
H4

| H5
H5

| H6
H6

| H7
H7

| H8
H8

| H9
H9

| H10
H10

= I. Amphibious animals, reptiles, etc. <span class="anchor" id="I"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#I}}

15 signs in Gardiner (1957:475f).

class="wikitable"
No.img.Unicodephon.descriptionusage, notes
I1I1๐“†ˆ U+13188๊œฅลก๊œฃlizard"lizard"
I2I2๐“†‰ U+13189freshwater turtleลกtjw "turtle"
I3I3๐“†Š U+1318Aฤฑอ—tcrocodile"crocodile" (แธซntj), "be greedy; lust after" (แธฅnt), "voracious, angry", (๊œฃd)
I4I4๐“†‹ U+1318Bcrocodile on a shrineSobek
I5I5๐“†Œ U+1318Ccrocodile with inward curved tail"collect, gather" (s๊œฃq)
I6I6๐“†Ž U+1318Ekmpiece of crocodile-skin with spinesas phonogram in kmt "Egypt", skm "grey-haired"
I7I7๐“† U+1318Ffrog"frog" (qrr), Heqet, ideogram in wแธฅm-๊œฅnแธซ "repeating life"
I8I8๐“† U+13190แธฅfntadpole
I9I9๐“†‘ U+13191fhorned viper
I10I10๐“†“ U+13193แธcobra in repose
I11I11๐“†• U+13195แธแธtwo cobras
I12I12๐“†— U+13197cobra erectUraeus (i๊œฅrt), Nesret
I13I13๐“†˜ U+13198I12 + V30"goddess"
I14I14๐“†™ U+13199snake"snake" (แธdft), "serpent" (แธฅf๊œฃw)
I15I15๐“†š U+1319Avariant of I14

= K. Fish and parts of fish <span class="anchor" id="K"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#K}}

Expected quantity: 7

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valign="top"

| K1
K1

| K2
K2

| K3
K3

| K4
K4

| K5
K5

| K6
K6

| K7
K7

| K8
K8

| K9
K9

| K10
K10

= L. Invertebrates and lesser animals <span class="anchor" id="L"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#L}}

Expected quantity: 7

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valign="top"

| L1
L1

| L2
L2

| L3
L3

| L4
L4

| L5
L5

| L6
L6

| L7
L7

| L8
L8

| L9
L9

| L10
L10

= M. Trees and plants <span class="anchor" id="M"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#M}}

44 signs in Gardiner (1957:478–484).

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valign="top"

| M1
M1

| M2
M2

| M3
M3

| M4
M4

| M5
M5

| M6
M6

| M7
M7

| M8
M8

| M9
M9

| M10
M10

valign="top"

| M11
M11

| M12
M12

| M13
M13

| M14
M14

| M15
M15

| M16
M16

| M17
M17

| M18
M18

| M19
M19

| M20
M20

valign="top"

| M21
M21

| M22
M22

| M23
M23

| M24
M24

| M25
M25

| M26
M26

| M27
M27

| M28
M28

| M29
M29

| M30
M30

valign="top"

| M31
M31

| M32
M32

| M33
M33

| M34
M34

| M35
M35

| M36
M36

| M37
M37

| M38
M38

| M39
M39

| M40
M40

valign="top"

| M41
M41

| M42
M42

| M43
M43

| M44
M44

= N. Sky, earth, water <span class="anchor" id="N"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#N}}

42 signs in Gardiner (1957:485–492).

N3 is an Old Kingdom variant of N2.

N11 "moon" has vertical (increscent and decrescent) variants, N12 is a 19th-Dynasty variant of N11.

class="wikitable"
No.img.Unicodephon.descriptionusage, notes
N1N1๐“‡ฏ U+131EFptsky
N2N2๐“‡ฐ U+131F0grแธฅsky with sceptredet. for "darkness"
N3N3๐“‡ฑ U+131F1as N2variant of N2Old Kingdom variant of N2
N4N4๐“‡ฒ U+131F2 moisture falling from the sky"dew", "rain"
N5N5๐“‡ณ U+131F3r๊œฅ sun{{main|Ra}}
N6N6๐“‡ด U+131F4r๊œฅ sun with uraeus19th Dynasty
N7N7๐“‡ต U+131F5N5 + T28แบ–rt-hrw "day-time"
N8N8๐“‡ถ U+131F6wbnsunshineUsually depicted with three rays, older variants may also have four rays.Betrรฒ, 1995. Hieroglyphics: The Writings of Ancient Egypt, Sun with Rays, p. 152. Determinative for e.g. pแธฅแธ "to shine, illumine" and wbn "rise"; from this latter case, it can also take the phonetic value of wbn when standing on its own, e.g. in wbn "wound". Alternatively, it is either a determiner or ideogram for แธฅnmmt, the name of the "sun folk" of Heliopolis (Gardiner p. 486).
A depiction with four rays is found on an ivory wand of c. 2100 BC: The "Sun with rays" hieroglyph is shown once, placed upon the head of a ram. It has a central dot, like the "Sun" hieroglyph (N5), with four elongated, undulating vertical rays.Fleming; Lothian; (and Fletcher), 1997. The Way to Eternity: Egyptian Myth, Fergus Fleming, Alan Lothian, and consultant Joann Fletcher. c 1997, Duncan Baird Publishers. (hardcover, {{ISBN|0-7054-3503-2}}), 124-126. See also Aten.
N9N9๐“‡ท U+131F7psแธmoon with its lower half obscured18th Dynasty
N10N10๐“‡ธ U+131F8as N9variant of N918th Dynasty
N11N11๐“‡น U+131F9crescent moon
N12N12๐“‡บ U+131FAvariant of N1118th Dynasty
N13N13๐“‡ป U+131FBhalf of N11 + N14"half-month festival"
N14N14๐“‡ผ U+131FCstar
N15N15๐“‡ฝ U+131FDstar in circle
N16N16๐“‡พ U+131FEN18 + 3 x N33"earth, land" (flat alluvial land with grains of sand)
N17N17๐“‡ฟ U+131FFvariant of N16as N16
N18N18๐“ˆ€ U+13200ฤฑอ—sandy tract"island"
N19N19๐“ˆƒ U+132032 x N18in แธฅr-๊œฃแธซty "Horus-of-the-Horizon"
N20N20๐“ˆ„ U+13204tongue of land"sand bank, shore"
N21N21๐“ˆ… U+13205tongue of land"bank, region" (in "two banks" = "Egypt")
N22N22๐“ˆ† U+13206tongue of landOld Kingdom predecessor of both N20 and N21
N23N23๐“ˆ‡ U+13207irrigation canaldifferentiation of N36
N24N24๐“ˆˆ U+13208land with irrigation tunnels"district, nome"
N25N25๐“ˆ‰ U+13209hills"hill-country, foreign land"
N26N26๐“ˆ‹ U+1320Bแธwmountain
N27N27๐“ˆŒ U+1320Csun rising over mountain"horizon"
N28N28๐“ˆ U+1320Dแธซ๊œฅsun rising over hill
N29N29๐“ˆŽ U+1320Eqsandy hill-slope
N30N30๐“ˆ U+1320Fmound with shrubs"mound"
N31N31๐“ˆ U+13210road bordered by shrubs"road"
N32N32๐“ˆ‘ U+13211lump of clay or dungOld Kingdom
N33N33๐“ˆ’ U+13212grain of sand
N34N34๐“ˆ” U+13214metal ingot
N35N35๐“ˆ– U+13216nripple of watervariant "three ripples" ๐“ˆ— U+13217
N36N36๐“ˆ˜ U+13218water channel
N37N37๐“ˆ™ U+13219pool"pool"
N38N38๐“ˆ› U+1321Bvariant of N37more detailed drawing of N37
N39N39๐“ˆœ U+1321Cgarden pool full of watervariant of N37
N40N40๐“ˆ U+1321DN37 + D54"go"
N41N41๐“ˆž U+1321Ebฤฑอ—๊œฃwell full of water"well"
N42N42๐“ˆŸ U+1321Fvariant of N41as N41

= O. Buildings, parts of buildings, etc. <span class="anchor" id="O"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#O}}

51 signs (with variants, U+13250–1329A).

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| O1
O1

| O2
O2

| O3
O3

| O4
O4

| O5
O5

| O6
O6

| O7
O7

| O8
O8

| O9
O9

| O10
O10

valign="top"

| O11
O11

| O12
O12

| O13
O13

| O14
O14

| O15
O15

| O16
O16

| O17
O17

| O18
O18

| O19
O19

| O20
O20

valign="top"

| O21
O21

| O22
O22

| O23
O23

| O24
O24

| O25
O25

| O26
O26

| O27
O27

| O28
O28

| O29
O29

| O30
O30

valign="top"

| O31
O31

| O32
O32

| O33
O33

| O34
O34

| O35
O35

| O36
O36

| O37
O37

| O38
O38

| O39
O39

| O40
O40

valign="top"

| O41
O41

| O42
O42

| O43
O43

| O44
O44

| O45
O45

| O46
O46

| O47
O47

| O48
O48

| O49
O49

| O50
O50

valign="top"

| O51
O51

= P. Ships and parts of ships <span class="anchor" id="P"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#P}}

Expected quantity: 11

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| P1
P1

| P2
P2

| P3
P3

| P4
P4

| P5
P5

| P6
P6

| P7
P7

| P8
P8

| P9
P9

| P10
P10

valign="top"

| P11
P11

| P12
P12

| P13
P13

| P14
P14

| P15
P15

| P16
P16

| P17
P17

| P18
P18

| P19
P19

| P20
P20

= Q. Domestics and funerary furniture <span class="anchor" id="Q"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#Q}}

Expected quantity: 7

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| Q1
Q1

| Q2
Q2

| Q3
Q3

| Q4
Q4

| Q5
Q5

| Q6
Q6

| Q7
Q7

| Q8
Q8

| Q9
Q9

| Q10
Q10

= R. Temple furniture and sacred emblems <span class="anchor" id="R"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#R}}

Expected quantity: 25

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| R1
R1

| R2
R2

| R3
R3

| R4
R4

| R5
R5

| R6
R6

| R7
R7

| R8
R8

| R9
R9

| R10
R10

valign="top"

| R11
R11

| R12
R12

| R13
R13

| R14
R14

| R15
R15

| R16
R16

| R17
R17

| R18
R18

| R19
R19

| R20
R20

valign="top"

| R21
R21

| R22
R22

| R23
R23

| R24
R24

| R25
R25

| R26
R26

| R27
R27

| R28
R28

| R29
R29

| R30
R30

= S. Crowns, dress, staves, etc. <span class="anchor" id="S"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#S}}

Expected quantity: 45

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| S1
S1

| S2
S2

| S3
S3

| S4
S4

| S5
S5

| S6
S6

| S7
S7

| S8
S8

| S9
S9

| S10
S10

valign="top"

| S11
S11

| S12
S12

| S13
S13

| S14
S14

| S15
S15

| S16
S16

| S17
S17

| S18
S18

| S19
S19

| S20
S20

valign="top"

| S21
S21

| S22
S22

| S23
S23

| S24
S24

| S25
S25

| S26
S26

| S27
S27

| S28
S28

| S29
S29

| S30
S30

valign="top"

| S31
S31

| S32
S32

| S33
S33

| S34
S34

| S35
S35

| S36
S36

| S37
S37

| S38
S38

| S39
S39

| S40
S40

valign="top"

| S41
S41

| S42
S42

| S43
S43

| S44
S44

| S45
S45

| S46
S46

| S47
S47

| S48
S48

| S49
S49

| S50
S50

= T. Warfare, hunting, and butchery <span class="anchor" id="T"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#T}}

Expected quantity: 35

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| T1
T1

| T2
T2

| T3
T3

| T4
T4

| T5
T5

| T6
T6

| T7
T7

| T8
T8

| T9
T9

| T10
T10

valign="top"

| T11
T11

| T12
T12

| T13
T13

| T14
T14

| T15
T15

| T16
T16

| T17
T17

| T18
T18

| T19
T19

| T20
T20

valign="top"

| T21
T21

| T22
T22

| T23
T23

| T24
T24

| T25
T25

| T26
T26

| T27
T27

| T28
T28

| T29
T29

| T30
T30

valign="top"

| T31
T31

| T32
T32

| T33
T33

| T34
T34

| T35
T35

| T36
T36

| T37
T37

| T38
T38

| T39
T39

| T40
T40

= U. Agriculture, crafts, and professions <span class="anchor" id="U"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#U}}

{{commons category|Hieroglyphs of Egypt: agriculture, crafts and professions}}

41 signs.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| U1
U1

| U2
U2

| U3
U3

| U4
U4

| U5
U5

| U6
U6

| U7
U7

| U8
U8

| U9
U9

| U10
U10

valign="top"

| U11
U11

| U12
U12

| U13
U13

| U14
U14

| U15
U15

| U16
U16

| U17
U17

| U18
U18

| U19
U19

| U20
U20
adze on block
stp "cut", "choose"
(stp-n-r๊œฃ "chosen of Ra")

valign="top"

| U21
U21

| U22
U22

| U23
U23

| U24
U24

| U25
U25

| U26
U26

| U27
U27

| U28
U28

| U29
U29

| U30
U30

valign="top"

| U31
U31

| U32
U32

| U33
U33

| U34
U34

| U35
U35

| U36
U36

| U37
U37

| U38
U38

| U39
U39

| U40
U40

valign="top"

| U41
U41

= V. Rope, fiber, baskets, bags, etc. <span class="anchor" id="V"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#V}}

40 signs (38 in Gardiner 1957).

V39 is the Tyet or "Knot of Isis".

V40 is the numeral 10 in dates.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| V1
V1

| V2
V2

| V3
V3

| V4
V4

| V5
V5

| V6
V6

| V7
V7

| V8
V8

| V9
V9

| V10
V10

valign="top"

| V11
V11

| V12
V12

| V13
V13

| V14
V14

| V15
V15

| V16
V16

| V17
V17

| V18
V18

| V19
V19

| V20
V20

valign="top"

| V21
V21

| V22
V22

| V23
V23

| V24
V24

| V25
V25

| V26
V26

| V27
V27

| V28
V28

| V29
V29

| V30
V30

valign="top"

| V31
V31

| V32
V32

| V33
V33

| V34
V34

| V35
V35

| V36
V36

| V37
V37

| V38
V38

| V39
V39

| V40
V40

= W. Vessels of stone and earthenware <span class="anchor" id="W"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#W}}

25 signs.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| W1
W1

| W2
W2

| W3
W3

| W4
W4

| W5
W5

| W6
W6

| W7
W7

| W8
W8

| W9
W9

| W10
W10

valign="top"

| W11
W11

| W12
W12

| W13
W13

| W14
W14

| W15
W15

| W16
W16

| W17
W17

| W18
W18

| W19
W19

| W20
W20

valign="top"

| W21
W21

| W22
W22

| W23
W23

| W24
W24

| W25
W25

= X. Loaves and cakes <span class="anchor" id="X"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#X}}

{{commons category|Hieroglyphs of Egypt: loaves and cakes}}

8 signs.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| X1
X1
t feminine

| X2
X2

| X3
X3
bread

| X4
X4

| X5
X5
bread, food

| X6
X6
loaf (pAt)

| X7
X7
half-loaf (gSw)

| X8
X8
conical loaf; "give" (di, imi)

= Y. Writings, games, music <span class="anchor" id="Y"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#Y}}

8 signs.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| Y1
Y1

| Y2
Y2

| Y3
Y3

| Y4
Y4

| Y5
Y5

| Y6
Y6

| Y7
Y7

| Y8
Y8

= Z. Strokes, signs derived from Hieratic, geometrical figures <span class="anchor" id="Z"></span>=

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#Z}}

11 signs.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| Z1
Z1

| Z2
Z2

| Z3
Z3

| Z4
Z4

| Z5
Z5

| Z6
Z6

| Z7
Z7

| Z8
Z8

| Z9
Z9

| Z10
Z10

valign="top"

| Z11
Z11

= Aa. Unclassified =

{{Main|List of Egyptian hieroglyphs#Aa}}

31 signs in Gardiner (1957).

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
valign="top"

| Aa1
Aa1

| Aa2
Aa2

| Aa3
Aa3

| Aa4
Aa4

| Aa5
Aa5

| Aa6
Aa6

| Aa7
Aa7

| Aa8
Aa8

| Aa9
Aa9

| Aa10
Aa10

valign="top"

| Aa11
Aa11

| Aa12
Aa12

| Aa13
Aa13

| Aa14
Aa14

| Aa15
Aa15

| Aa16
Aa16

| Aa17
Aa17

| Aa18
Aa18

| Aa19
Aa19

| Aa20
Aa20

valign="top"

| Aa21
Aa21

| Aa22
Aa22

| Aa23
Aa23

| Aa24
Aa24

| Aa25
Aa25

| Aa26
Aa26

| Aa27
Aa27

| Aa28
Aa28

| Aa29
Aa29

| Aa30
Aa30

valign="top"

| Aa31
Aa31

| Aa32
Aa32

| Aa33
Aa33

| Aa34
Aa34

| Aa35
Aa35

| Aa36
Aa36

| Aa37
Aa37

| Aa38
Aa38

| Aa39
Aa39

| Aa40
Aa40

valign="top"

| Aa41
Aa41

| Aa42
Aa42

| Aa43
Aa43

| Aa44
Aa44

| Aa45
Aa45

| Aa46
Aa46

| Aa47
Aa47

| Aa48
Aa48

| Aa49
Aa49

| Aa50
Aa50

Unicode

{{Main|Egyptian Hieroglyphs (Unicode block)}}

{{Contains special characters|Uncommon Unicode|section}}

{{Infobox symbol

| mark = ๐“„

| name = A059: man threatening with stick

| unicode = {{unichar|013044|EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPH A059|html=}}

}}

These hieroglyphs have unicode code points and so, given a suitable font, can be displayed or printed. The block starts at U+013000 for A001.

See also

{{Commons category|Hieroglyphs of Egypt}}

{{Commons category|Gardiner's list}}

{{mediawiki|Extension:WikiHiero}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Bibliography

  • Budge, Sir E.A.Wallis, An Egyptian Hieroglyphic Dictionary, in Two Volumes, Sir E.A.Wallis Budge, (Dover Publications, Inc. New York), c 1920, Dover Edition, c 1978. (Large categorized listings of Hieroglyphs, Vol 1, pp. xcviiโ€“cxlvii (97โ€“147) (25 categories, 1000+ hieroglyphs), 50 pgs.)
  • A.H. Gardiner, Catalogue of the Egyptian hieroglyphic printing type, from matrices owned and controlled by Dr. Alan (1928).
  • A.H. Gardiner, "Additions to the new hieroglyphic fount (1928)", The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 15 (1929), p. 95.
  • A.H. Gardiner, "Additions to the new hieroglyphic fount (1931)", The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 17 (1931), pp. 245โ€“247.
  • A.H. Gardiner, Supplement to the catalogue of the Egyptian hieroglyphic printing type, showing acquisitions to December 1953 (1953).
  • A.H. Gardiner, Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs. 3rd Ed., pub. Griffith Institute, Oxford, 1957 (1st edition 1927), pp. 438–548 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20111122134017/http://egyptologie.ff.cuni.cz/pdf/Gardiner_signlist.pdf pdf]).
  • Wilkinson, Richard, Reading Egyptian Art, A Hieroglyphic Guide to Ancient Egyptian Painting and Sculpture, Richard H. Wilkinson, with 450 Illustrations, (Thames & Hudson Ltd, London), c 1992.

Further reading

  • {{cite book |last1=Betrรฒ |first1=Maria Carmela |title=Hieroglyphics: The Writings of Ancient Egypt |date=1996 |publisher=Abbeville Press Pub |isbn=9780789202321 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/michelangelovati00deve/page/251 251] |edition=1st |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/michelangelovati00deve }}: A primer based on Gardiner's sign list, focussing on major signs in seven categories.

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20070526134805/http://www.yare.org/egypt/gardiner%20fonts.htm Hieroglyphic fonts]
  • [http://www.khemet.de/altaegypten/schrift/gardiner.html Khemet.de on Gardiner] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011115159/http://www.khemet.de/altaegypten/schrift/gardiner.html |date=2015-10-11 }}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Gardiner's Sign List}}

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