Garth Hudson

Hudson was born in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, on August 2, 1937.{{cite web |last1=Kienzle |first1=Rich |title=Happy 80th To The Band's Organist Garth Hudson |url=http://communityvoices.post-gazette.com/arts-entertainment-living/get-rhythm/item/41008-happy-80th-to-the-band-s-organist-garth-hudson |website=post-gazette.com |publisher=PG Publishing Co., Inc. |access-date=19 January 2020 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224030858/http://communityvoices.post-gazette.com/arts-entertainment-living/get-rhythm/item/41008-happy-80th-to-the-band-s-organist-garth-hudson |url-status=dead }} His parents, Fred James Hudson and Olive Louella Pentland, were musicians. His mother played piano and accordion and sang. His father, a farm inspector who had fought as a fighter pilot in World War I, played drums, C melody saxophone, clarinet, flute and piano.{{cite news |last1=Applebome |first1=Peter |title=Garth Hudson, Multifaceted Musician With the Band, Dies at 87 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/21/arts/music/garth-hudson-dead.html |work=The New York Times |date=21 January 2025 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250121173845/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/21/arts/music/garth-hudson-dead.html |archive-date=21 January 2025}} Hudson moved with his family to London, Ontario, around 1940. Starting piano lessons at an early age, Hudson also played organ at his church and his uncle's funeral parlour, and performed country songs on the accordion.{{cite book |last1=Schneider |first1=Jason |title=Whispering Pines: The Northern Roots of American Music... from Hank Snow to the Band |year=2010 |publisher=ECW Press |isbn=978-1-55490-552-2 |page=1960 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c--zNXu1v74C&pg=PA1960-IA4}} Classically trained in piano, music theory, harmony and counterpoint, Hudson wrote his first song at the age of eleven and first played professionally with dance bands in 1949, at the age of twelve. He attended Broughdale Public School and Medway High School before studying music (primarily Bach's chorales and The Well-Tempered Clavier) at the University of Western Ontario. During this period, he grew increasingly frustrated with the rigidity of the classical repertoire, leading him to drop out after a year.

In 1956, he joined London band the Silhouettes. The group relocated to the Windsor/Detroit area where work was more plentiful. It was there, in 1958, that the Silhouettes joined with fellow Londoner Paul "London" Hutchins and became Paul London and the Capers. Hudson primarily played saxophone in the group, and some piano in a style inspired by Johnnie Johnson, but saw his first Lowrey organ at a show in Detroit and determined that he would get one. The group found moderate success and plenty of work, recording a few songs in Toronto in 1960, changing their name to "...Kapers" with a 'K', recording a few more songs at Chess Studios in Chicago.P68, Chapter two "Who Do You Love: Ronnie Hawkins & The Hawks" in Jason Schneider's book "Whispering Pines: The Northern Roots of American Music... From Hank Snow to The Band" ECW Press Toronto {{ISBN|9781550228748}} 2009 First Edition hardcover

Hudson was first approached by Ronnie Hawkins and Levon Helm in the summer of 1961, after a Kapers show in London, and asked to join the Hawks, an offer he declined. The Hawks persisted, and in December 1961, Hudson agreed to join the band on two conditions: that Hawkins buy him a Lowrey organ, and that he be paid an extra $10 a week by each of the other band members to give music lessons to the other Hawks. This second condition was in part to justify the move to his parents, who he feared would think he was squandering his years of music education by playing in a rock and roll band.P69, Chapter two "Who Do You Love: Ronnie Hawkins & The Hawks" in Jason Schneider's book "Whispering Pines: The Northern Roots of American Music... From Hank Snow to The Band" ECW Press Toronto {{ISBN|9781550228748}} 2009 First Edition hardcover Discussing the thinking behind his early fears in The Last Waltz, Hudson told interviewer-director Martin Scorsese: "There is a view that jazz is 'evil' because it comes from evil people, but actually the greatest priests on 52nd Street and on the streets of New York City were the musicians. They were doing the greatest healing work. They knew how to punch through music that would cure and make people feel good."{{cite book |last1=Minturn |first1=Neil |title=The Last Waltz of The Band |date=2005 |publisher=Pendragon Press |page=94}}

When the 24-year-old Hudson joined the Hawks, the backing band for Ronnie Hawkins, the band already consisted of 21-year-old Levon Helm (drums), and 18-year-olds Robbie Robertson (guitar), Rick Danko (bass) and Richard Manuel (piano). The lineup that would become the Band was now complete.

Hudson was one of the few organ players in rock and roll and rhythm and blues to eschew a Hammond organ. Upon joining the Hawks, Hudson took the opportunity to negotiate the procurement of a new Lowrey organ as part of his compensation. The Lowrey organ offered a different mix of features, and Hudson played one with Ronnie Hawkins and the Hawks and with Bob Dylan and the Band, playing three different models: originally a Festival (FL) console, which was replaced by a Lincolnwood TSO-25 during 1969, and later still a horseshoe console H25 model, as depicted in The Last Waltz.{{cite journal

| last = Johnson

| first = Brian D.

| title = Garth Hudson (Profile)

| journal = Maclean's

| date = July 22, 2002

}}

Under the strict supervision of Hawkins, the Hawks became an accomplished band. They split from Hawkins in 1963, recorded two singles and toured almost continually, playing in bars and clubs, usually billed as Levon and the Hawks. Hudson started work as a session musician in 1965, playing on John Hammond, Jr.'s So Many Roads along with Robertson (guitar) and Helm (drums).

File:The Band 2005710093.jpg

In August 1965, they were introduced to Bob Dylan by manager Albert Grossman's assistant, Mary Martin. In October, Dylan and the Hawks recorded the single "Can You Please Crawl Out Your Window?"Heylin, 1996, Bob Dylan: A Life In Stolen Moments, pp. 83–84. and, in January 1966, recorded material with Dylan for what would turn into the Blonde on Blonde album.Heylin, 1996, Bob Dylan: A Life In Stolen Moments, pp. 86–89. Dylan recruited the band to accompany him on his controversial 1966 "electric" tour of the United States, Australia and Europe. (An album of Dylan's 1966 performance with his band, The "Royal Albert Hall" Concert, was finally released in 1998.) Subsequent to Bob Dylan's motorcycle accident in July 1966, the group settled in a pink house in West Saugerties, New York, near Woodstock.Sounes, Howard. Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan (Grove Press: New York 2001), p. 221 Dylan was a frequent visitor, and Hudson's recordings of their collaborations resulted in The Basement Tapes.

By 1968, the group recorded its debut album, Music from Big Pink. The album was recorded in Los Angeles (at Capitol) and New York (at A&R Studio). Capitol originally announced that the group would be called the Crackers, but when Music from Big Pink was released they were officially named the Band. The album includes Hudson's organ showcase, "Chest Fever", a song that in the Band's live shows would be vastly expanded by a solo organ introduction, entitled "The Genetic Method", an improvisational work that would be played differently at each performance. An example can be heard on The Band's performance at Woodstock, in which the organ intro was an improvisation based on Bach's Toccata and Fugue in D minor; another example can be heard on the live album Rock of Ages. Hudson was also adept at the accordion, which he played on some of the group's recordings, such as "Rockin Chair", from The Band; the traditional "Ain't No More Cane", from The Basement Tapes; Dylan's "When I Paint My Masterpiece"; and Bobby Charles's "Down South in New Orleans" during The Last Waltz. His saxophone solo work can be heard on such songs as "Tears of Rage" (from Big Pink) and "Unfaithful Servant" (from The Band). Hudson is credited with playing all of the brass and woodwinds on the studio version of "Ophelia" from the 1975 album Northern Lights - Southern Cross.{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.jp/hideki_wtnb/bandplay-6.html |title=Who Plays What Instruments 'The Band' |publisher=Geocities.jp |access-date=2014-05-23}} This album, the first to be recorded in the Band's Shangri-La recording studio in Malibu, California, also saw Hudson adding synthesizers to his arsenal of instruments.

File:The Last Waltz.jpg concert in 1976]]

Hudson provided innovative accompaniment. For example, the song "Up on Cripple Creek" features Hudson playing a clavinet through a wah-wah pedal to create a swampy sound reminiscent of a Jew's harp or the croak of a frog. This clavinet–wah wah pedal configuration was later adopted by many funk musicians.

The initial iteration of the Band made its final bow as a touring band with a lavish final concert on Thanksgiving Day 1976 at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, an all-star tribute concert documented in The Last Waltz.{{cite web |last1=Fear |first1=David |title=Why the Band's 'The Last Waltz' Is the Greatest Concert Movie of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/why-the-bands-the-last-waltz-is-the-greatest-concert-movie-of-all-time-104637/ |website=rollingstone.com |publisher=Rolling Stone, LLC |access-date=12 January 2020}}

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The Band released one more album after the Last Waltz, Islands, and then dissolved. By then, Hudson had married his singer/actress wife, Maud. He had his own property, Big Oak Basin Dude Ranch, in Malibu, which was destroyed by wildfires in 1978, after extensive renovations that included an impressive studio.

He was active during this period as a session musician, performing on movie soundtracks and albums by many other artists, including Emmylou Harris, Van Morrison (Wavelength) and Leonard Cohen (Recent Songs). He composed music for Our Lady Queen of the Angels, a multimedia show created for the Los Angeles bicentennial in 1980. In the early 1980s he accompanied the Call on one of their albums and appeared with them in a music video which was played on MTV. He can be seen playing two separate keyboards in the Call's video for "The Walls Came Down".

The Band reformed in 1983, with all the original members except Robbie Robertson.{{cite news |last1=Holden |first1=Stephen |title=Pop/Jazz – Band's Reunion Recalls Its 'Last Waltz' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/25/arts/pop-jazz-band-s-reunion-recalls-its-last-waltz.html |website=The New York Times |date=November 25, 1983 |access-date=12 January 2020}} Richard Manuel, who had lived at Hudson's ranch in 1978, died by suicide in 1986. Supplemented by a rotating roster of additional musicians, the Band continued to tour, releasing three albums in the 1990s.

In 1988, Hudson recorded "Feed the Birds" on Stay Awake: Various Interpretations of Music from Vintage Disney Films, produced by Hal Willner.{{cite web |last1=Harrington |first1=Richard |title=WILLNER'S 'STAY AWAKE' MOSTLY MARVELOUS DISNEY |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1988/10/23/willners-stay-awake-mostly-marvelous-disney/0e448766-9f56-4ae6-996c-cc4eb0efff7a/ |website=washingtonpost.com |publisher=WP Company, LLC |access-date=7 January 2020}}

In 1990 Hudson, playing accordion and soprano saxophone, along with bandmates Levon Helm and Rick Danko, who harmonized with the vocalists, took part in Roger Waters's massive performance of The Wall at the Berlin Wall.{{cite web |last1=Kahn |first1=Andy |title=Happy Birthday Roger Waters: Performing 'Comfortably Numb' With Van Morrison & The Band |url=https://www.jambase.com/article/happy-birthday-roger-waters-performing-comfortably-numb-van-morrison-band |website=jambase.com |publisher=JamBase, Inc. |access-date=12 January 2020}}

As a member of the Band, Hudson was inducted into the Juno Hall of Fame in 1989 and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994.{{cite web |title=Rick Danko And Garth Hudson On Mountain Stage |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/11/06/776941566/rick-danko-and-garth-hudson-on-mountain-stage |website=npr.org |publisher=NPR |access-date=7 January 2020}} He played on various solo efforts of his bandmates Rick Danko, Levon Helm, and Robbie Robertson.

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Hudson released his first solo album, The Sea to the North, on September 11, 2001.{{cite web |title=The Band's Garth Hudson Files For Bankruptcy |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/78728/the-bands-garth-hudson-files-for-bankruptcy |website=billboard.com |access-date=27 November 2019}} In 2002, with his home in foreclosure and Robertson having bought out his stake in the Band,{{cite news| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/04/04/DD64672.DTL&type=music&ao=2 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle | first=Joel | last=Selvin | title=The day the music lived / Rereleased 'Last Waltz' documents amazing night in 1976 when rock's royalty bid farewell to the Band – Page 2 of 2 | date=January 8, 2011}} Hudson declared bankruptcy for the third time.{{cite web|url=http://theband.hiof.no/articles/world_according_to_garth.html |title=Jason Schneider: The World According to Garth |publisher=Theband.hiof.no |access-date=2014-05-23}} He continued to record and perform. On July 13, 2002, he was honoured with the Canada South Blues Society's Lifetime Achievement Award.

In 2002, he joined Burrito Deluxe, a quasi-reunion of country-rock group Flying Burrito Brothers. Other members included pedal steel player Sneaky Pete Kleinow, Carlton Moody of the Moody Brothers on lead vocals and guitars, bassist Jeff "Stick" Davis of the Amazing Rhythm Aces,{{cite book |last1=Simmonds |first1=Jeremy |title=The Encyclopedia of Dead Rock Stars: Heroin, Handguns, and Ham Sandwiches |date=2012 |publisher=Chicago Review Press |isbn=978-1-61374-532-8 |page=596 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2DNrKjFmnfYC&pg=PA596}} and drummer Rick Lonow. The group recorded two albums, Georgia Peach and The Whole Enchilada, before Kleinow departed in 2004 because of health problems.

In 2005, Hudson formed his own 12-piece band, the Best!, with his wife, Maud on vocals. That same year, Garth and Maud Hudson released Live at the Wolf, a piano and vocal album recorded live at the Wolf Performance Hall in London, Ontario. Maud died on February 28, 2022.

On November 20, 2005, Hudson received the Hamilton Music Award for Best Instrumentalist.{{cite web |title=Garth Hudson performing with Gent Treadly Sept. 14 at the Palace Theater in Hamilton |url=https://www.nhregister.com/news/article/Garth-Hudson-performing-with-Gent-Treadly-Sept-11486628.php |website=nhregister.com |date=September 5, 2012 |publisher=Hearst Media Services Connecticut, LLC |access-date=15 January 2020}}

He continued as a much-in-demand session player, performing with such artists as Neko Case (Fox Confessor Brings the Flood and Middle Cyclone), Chris Castle (Last Bird Home), Teddy Thompson (Separate Ways), the Secret Machines (Ten Silver Drops), the Sadies (Live 2006), the Lemonheads, Jonah Smith (2006 self-titled debut), Yesterday's News (The Northside Hotel), Billy the Kid (The Lost Cause) and others. He contributed an original electronic score to an off-Broadway production of Dragon Slayers, written by Stanley Keyes and directed by Brad Mays in 1986 at the Union Square Theatre in New York. The production was restaged with a new cast in Los Angeles in 1990.

A few of the artists Hudson performed with in 2006 are Ronnie Hawkins, the Sadies, Neko Case, Heavy Trash, John Hiatt, the North Mississippi All-Stars, Blackie and the Rodeo Kings, and Chris Zaloom, some of these performances were recorded. Hudson and his talent on piano are prominently featured in the 2007 Daniel Lanois DVD documentary Here Is What Is.{{cite web |last1=Doole |first1=Kerry |title=Daniel Lanois Great Hall, Toronto ON September 11 |url=http://exclaim.ca/music/article/daniel_lanois-great_hall_toronto_on_september |website=exclaim.ca |access-date=19 January 2020}}

In 2010, Hudson released Garth Hudson Presents: A Canadian Celebration of the Band. The album features Canadian artists covering songs that were recorded by the Band. Hudson plays on every track and co-produced the album with Peter J. Moore. Acts that appear on the album include Neil Young, Bruce Cockburn, Blue Rodeo, Cowboy Junkies, the Trews, Great Big Sea, Hawksley Workman, Mary Margaret O'Hara, Chantal Kreviazuk, Raine Maida and Ian Thornley.{{cite web |last1=Greene |first1=Sarah |title=Garth Hudson – Presents A Canadian Celebration Of The Band |url=https://nowtoronto.com/music/album-reviews/garth-hudson-and8211-presents-a-canadian-celebration-of-the-band/ |website=nowtoronto.com |date=November 25, 2010 |publisher=NOW Central Communications Inc. |access-date=15 January 2020}}

In 2012, Garth and Maud Hudson invited family and friends for a three-day party at Clubhouse Studio in Rhinebeck, New York to celebrate his 75th birthday. It went so well, they held three more over the next three years and called them the Birthday Sessions. At the time of Garth’s death, audio and video materials were being prepared for release.{{cite news |last1=The Morning Call |date=November 23, 2012}}

Garth Hudson made his final public appearance on April 16, 2023, performing in Kingston, New York, in the Flower Hill House Concert No. 6, where he played Duke Ellington‘s “Sophisticated Lady”.{{cite web | title=Garth Hudson Setlist at Flower Hill House Concert, Kingston | website=setlist.fm | date=16 April 2023 | url=https://www.setlist.fm/setlist/garth-hudson/2023/flower-hill-house-concert-kingston-ny-5bb8e3ec.html | access-date=22 May 2023}}

Hudson died in his sleep at a nursing home in Woodstock, New York, on January 21, 2025, at the age of 87.{{Cite web |last=Krewen |first=Nick |date=2025-01-21 |title=Garth Hudson, the last living member of The Band, dead at 87 |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/music/garth-hudson-the-last-living-member-of-the-band-dead-at-87/article_983498e8-d7fc-11ef-ac3c-4b6836c7f137.html |access-date=2025-01-21 |website=Toronto Star |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=DeRiso |first=Nick|date=2025-01-21 |title=Garth Hudson, the Band's Last Living Member, Dies at 87 |url=https://ultimateclassicrock.com/the-band-garth-hudson-dies/ |access-date=2025-01-21 |website=Ultimate Classic Rock |language=en}} Among the many tributes, Bob Dylan wrote, “Sorry to hear the news about Garth Hudson. He was a beautiful guy and the real driving force behind the Band..."Rolling Stone January 27, 2025

• Canada South Blues Society – Lifetime Achievement Award, 2002 {{cite web |first1= |date=August 2, 2012 |title=Happy 75th, Garth Hudson! – Windsor Star |url=https://windsorstar.com/life/happy-75th-garth-hudson}}
• Hamilton Music Scene – Instrumentalist of the Year, 2005 {{cite web|url=https://fclma.ca/awardees/garth-hudson/|title=Garth Hudson|first=Mario|last=Circelli|website=FCLMA}}
• Dofasco Hamilton Music Awards – Lifetime of Achievement Award, 2007 {{cite news|url=https://www.thespec.com/news-story/2131909-2007-dofasco-hamilton-music-award-winners/|title=2007 Dofasco Hamilton Music Award Winners|newspaper=The Hamilton Spectator |date=November 19, 2007|via=www.thespec.com}}
• Blues Hall of Fame – inducted as a "Legendary Blues Artist", 2012 {{cite web|url=http://www.blueshalloffame.com/Artists_Exhibit_Pages/Garth_Hudson_Exhibit.html|title=Garth Hudson Exhibit in The Blues Hall of Fame ®|website=www.blueshalloffame.com}}
• London Music Hall Of Fame – inducted 2014 {{cite web|url=https://fclma.ca/inductees/|title=Inductees|website=FCLMA|access-date=June 28, 2019|archive-date=June 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626081418/https://fclma.ca/inductees/|url-status=dead}}
• Member of the Order of Canada, 2019{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-2019-order-of-canada-appointees-have-made-their-mark-on-all-aspects-of/|title=2019 Order of Canada appointees have made their mark on all aspects of Canadian society|newspaper=The Globe and Mail|date=June 27, 2019 |last1=Lapierre |first1=Matthew }}

• Juno Award's Canadian Music Hall of Fame – inducted 1989 {{Cite web|url=https://junoawards.ca/nomination/1989-canadian-music-hall-of-fame-the-band/|title=1989 | Canadian Music Hall of Fame | The Band|website=Junoawards.ca|access-date=January 21, 2025}}
• Rock and Roll Hall of Fame – inducted 1994 {{cite web|url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/band|title=The Band|website=Rock & Roll Hall of Fame}}
• Grammy Awards – Lifetime of Achievement Award, 2008 {{cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/lifetime-awards|title=Lifetime Achievement Award|date=October 18, 2010|website=GRAMMY.com}}
• Canada's Walk of Fame – inducted 2014 {{cite web|url=https://www.canadaswalkoffame.com/|title=Canada's Walk of Fame|website=Canada's Walk of Fame}}

{{Main|The Band discography}}

Hudson is credited in the following films:

• 1978 The Last Waltz (performer)
• 1980 Raging Bull (additional music composer)
• 1983 The King of Comedy (additional music)
• 1983 The Right Stuff (additional music composer)
• 1986 Man Outside (actor – Cheney/additional music)
• 1990 The Wall – Live in Berlin (performer)
• 1993 The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration (performer)
• 2003 Festival Express (performer)
• 2008 Here Is What Is (performer)
• 2013 Love for Levon (performer)

• Keyboard Magazine – "Garth Hudson: Legendary Organist with '60s Supergroup the Band" December 1983

{{Reflist}}

{{External links|section|date=August 2023}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20171012015942/http://www.garthandmaud.com/ GarthAndMaud.com]
• [http://theband.hiof.no/band_members/garth.html The Band/Garth Hudson]
• {{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p88347|label=Garth Hudson}}
• {{Discogs artist|Garth Hudson}}
• {{IMDb name|399838}}
• [http://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/garth-hudson Garth Hudson Interview] at NAMM Oral History Collection (2017)

{{The Band}}

{{1994 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hudson, Garth}}

Category:1937 births

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Category:20th-century Canadian composers

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Category:21st-century Canadian keyboardists

Category:21st-century Canadian multi-instrumentalists

Category:21st-century Canadian saxophonists

Category:21st-century Canadian organists

Category:Canadian country rock musicians

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Category:Canadian male organists

Category:Canadian male saxophonists

Category:Canadian rhythm and blues musicians

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Category:Members of the Order of Canada

Category:Musicians from Windsor, Ontario

Category:The Band members