Gateway Protection Programme

The programme was the UK's "quota refugee" resettlement scheme.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=1}} Refugees designated as particularly vulnerable by the UNHCR were assessed by the Home Office for eligibility under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees. If they met the eligibility criteria, they were brought to the UK and granted indefinite leave to remain.{{cite web|url=http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/assets/0002/5053/Gateway_good_practice_guide_sept_2008.pdf|title=Gateway Protection Programme: Good Practice Guide|year=2008|publisher=Refugee Council and Refugee Action|page=8|access-date=4 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402130737/http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/assets/0002/5053/Gateway_good_practice_guide_sept_2008.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}} The International Organization for Migration (IOM) assisted the process by facilitating pre-departure medical screening, counselling, dossier preparation, transport and immediate arrival assistance.{{cite web|url=http://unitedkingdom.iom.int/resettlement-and-family-reunification|title=Resettlement and Family Reunification|publisher=International Organization for Migration United Kingdom|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031173903/http://unitedkingdom.iom.int/resettlement-and-family-reunification|archive-date=31 October 2014}} Once in the UK, refugees were entered into a 12-month support programme intended to aid their integration.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=1}} The programme involved local authorities and NGOs{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=1}} including the British Red Cross, the International Rescue Committee, Migrant Helpline, Refugee Action, the Refugee Arrivals Project, the Refugee Council, Scottish Refugee Council and Refugee Support.{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004b|p=1}}{{cite book|last=Rutter|first=Jill|author2=with Cooley, Laurence; Reynolds, Sile; and Sheldon, Ruth|title=From Refugee to Citizen: 'Standing on My Own Two Feet' – A Research Report on Integration, 'Britishness' and Citizenship|publisher=Refugee Support|location=London|date=October 2007|page=24|url=https://www.metropolitan.org.uk/images/From-Refugee-to-Citizen-Exec.pdf|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402173154/https://www.metropolitan.org.uk/images/From-Refugee-to-Citizen-Exec.pdf|url-status=live}} These organisations formed the Resettlement Inter-Agency Partnership at the planning stage of the programme, in order to pool their resources and form a partnership for the delivery of services to the resettled refugees.{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004b|p=1}}

The programme was distinct from, and in addition to, ordinary provisions for claiming asylum in the United Kingdom.{{cite web|url=http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/asylum/gateway/|title=Gateway Protection Programme|publisher=UK Border Agency|access-date=24 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215012227/http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/asylum/gateway/|archive-date=15 December 2013}}{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/gateway-protection-programme-information-for-organisations/gateway-protection-programme|title=Guidance: Gateway Protection Programme|publisher=UK Visas and Immigration|date=11 January 2010|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402101105/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/gateway-protection-programme-information-for-organisations/gateway-protection-programme|url-status=live}} The Gateway Protection Programme was co-funded by the European Union, first through the European Refugee Fund and then through its successor, the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF).{{sfn|Platts-Fowler|Robinson|2011|p=4}}{{cite hansard|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201314/ldhansrd/text/131217w0001.htm|title=EU: Migration|house=House of Lords|date=17 December 2013|column=WA178}} Over the period 2009–14, the Home Office provided £29.97 million in funding and the EU £18.67 million.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/home-office-funding-for-the-gateway-protection-programme-from-2009-to-2014|title=FOI release: Home Office funding for the Gateway Protection Programme from 2009 to 2014|publisher=Home Office|date=5 January 2015|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113328/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/home-office-funding-for-the-gateway-protection-programme-from-2009-to-2014|url-status=live}} Anna Musgrave of the Refugee Council argued in 2014 that the programme "is rarely talked about and the Home Office, in the main, stay fairly quiet about it."{{cite web|url=http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/latest/blogs/4149_the_gateway_to_a_new_life|title=The gateway to a new life|first=Anna|last=Musgrave|publisher=Refugee Council|date=4 September 2014|access-date=6 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626170817/http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/latest/blogs/4149_the_gateway_to_a_new_life|archive-date=26 June 2015|url-status=dead}}

File:Mae La refugee camp.jpg, which works with UNHCR]]

The Gateway Protection Programme was not the first British refugee resettlement programme. Other, informal resettlement programmes have included the Mandate Refugee Scheme, and the UK has also participated in the Ten or More Plan.{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004b|p=1}} The former is for so-called "mandate" refugees who have been granted refugee status by UNHCR in third countries. To qualify for the scheme, refugees must have close ties to the UK and it must also be demonstrated that the UK is the most appropriate country for their resettlement.{{cite journal|title=The Mandate Refugee Program: a Critical Discussion|first=Katia|last=Bianchini|journal=International Journal of Refugee Law|volume=22|issue=3|year=2010|pages=367–378|doi=10.1093/ijrl/eeq026}}{{sfn|Wright IV|Peach|Ward|2005|pp=16–17}} The Ten or More Plan, established by UNHCR in 1973 and administered in the UK by the British Red Cross,{{cite journal|last=van Selm|first=Joanne|year=2003|title=Public-private partnerships in refugee resettlement: Europe and the US|journal=Journal of International Migration and Integration|volume=4|issue=2|pages=157–175|issn=1488-3473|doi=10.1007/s12134-003-1031-1|s2cid=155986403}}{{cite book|last=Van Bueren|first=Geraldine|title=The International Law on the Rights of the Child|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|location=The Hague|year=1998|page=363|isbn=90-411-1091-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xEAmkaqn8lMC&q=The%20International%20Law%20on%20the%20Rights%20of%20the%20Child&pg=PA363|access-date=11 November 2020|archive-date=1 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001051259/https://books.google.com/books?id=xEAmkaqn8lMC&q=The+International+Law+on+the+Rights+of+the+Child&pg=PA363|url-status=live}} is for refugees requiring medical attention not available in their current location.{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004a|p=8}} During the 1990s, 2,620 refugees were settled in the UK through these two programmes.{{cite web | url=http://www.unhcr.org.uk/legal/positions/UNHCR%20Comments/comments_2002Bill_amendments.htm | title=Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Bill 2002 | publisher=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | date=15 October 2002|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080505062105/http://www.unhcr.org.uk/legal/positions/UNHCR%20Comments/comments_2002Bill_amendments.htm |archive-date = 5 May 2008|url-status=dead}} In 2003, the UK's Ten or More Plan had a resettlement goal of 10 people and the Mandate Refugee Scheme 300.{{cite conference|first=Joanne|last=van Selm|title=Lessons on resettlement from the US and Canada|conference=Listening to the evidence: The future of UK resettlement, Victoria Park Plaza|book-title=Conference proceedings|location=London|page=35|url=http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/resettlement.pdf|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130128103514/http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/resettlement.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 January 2013|date=6 February 2003|editor1-first=Verity|editor1-last=Gelsthorpe|editor2-first=Lauren|editor2-last=Herlitz|publisher=Home Office|isbn=1-84473-122-7}} Refugees have also been resettled through specific programmes following emergencies,{{cite conference |first=Vaughan|last=Robinson|title=An evidence base for future policy: Reviewing UK resettlement policy|conference=Listening to the evidence: The future of UK resettlement, Victoria Park Plaza|book-title=Conference proceedings|location=London|pages=3–18|url=http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/resettlement.pdf|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130128103514/http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/resettlement.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 January 2013|date=6 February 2003|editor1-first=Verity|editor1-last=Gelsthorpe|editor2-first=Lauren|editor2-last=Herlitz|publisher=Home Office|isbn=1-84473-122-7}} including 42,000 Ugandan Asians expelled from Uganda during 1972–74, 22,500 Vietnamese during 1979–92, over 2,500 Bosnians in the 1990s, and over 4,000 Kosovars in 1999.{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004b|p=1}}

A new resettlement programme was proposed by the British Home Secretary, David Blunkett in October 2001,{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004a|p=9}} having been hinted at by the previous Home Secretary, Jack Straw, in a speech to the European Conference on Asylum in Lisbon in June 2000.{{sfn|Wright IV|Peach|Ward|2005|p=13}}{{cite conference|first=Jack|last=Straw|conference=European Conference on Asylum|book-title=Towards a Common European Asylum System|date=15–16 June 2000|location=Lisbon|title=Minister Jack Straw|url=http://www.gddc.pt/direitos-humanos/outraspubPDF/Asolo%20Ingles/0.%20Asile%20(1-170).pdf|pages=133–139|editor=Gabinete de Documentação e Direito Comparado|publisher=Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras|isbn=972-98772-2-X|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926052215/http://www.gddc.pt/direitos-humanos/outraspubPDF/Asolo%20Ingles/0.%20Asile%20%281-170%29.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2009}} The legal basis for the programme's funding was established by Section 59 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=1}}{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004a|p=9}} This act was passed by the House of Commons by 362 votes to 74 in June 2002{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2002/jun/13/houseofcommons|title=Yesterday in parliament|date=13 June 2002|work=The Guardian|access-date=23 September 2009|archive-date=9 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140909152618/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2002/jun/13/houseofcommons|url-status=live}} and by the House of Lords – at the ninth attempt, following concern about the introduction of measures allowing for the detention of asylum seekers in rural areas) – in November 2002.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2002/nov/08/houseofcommons|title=Yesterday in parliament|date=8 November 2002|work=The Guardian|access-date=23 September 2009|archive-date=10 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910033116/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2002/nov/08/houseofcommons|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=The House of Lords is perfectly right to attack Mr Blunkett's foolish law|date=10 October 2002|work=The Independent|page=20}}

The Gateway Protection Programme was subsequently established in March 2004,{{sfn|Hynes|Mon Thu|2008|p=49}} with the first refugees arriving in the UK on 19 March.{{cite web|url=http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/latest/news/4045_uk_urged_to_do_more_to_help_refugees_find_safety|title=UK urged to do more to help refugees find safety|publisher=Refugee Council|date=19 March 2014|access-date=6 April 2015|archive-date=26 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626225613/http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/latest/news/4045_uk_urged_to_do_more_to_help_refugees_find_safety|url-status=live}} Initially, the programme quota was set at 500 per year.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=ii}} The British government had faced criticism from academics and practitioners over the small number of refugees it has resettled in comparison with other developed states.{{sfn|Cooley|Rutter|2007}} For example, in 2001 the countries with the largest quota schemes were the United States (80,000 refugees), Canada (11,000) and Australia (10,000).{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004b|p=1}}{{sfn|Refugee Council|2004a|p=7}} Initially, David Blunkett had intended to raise the quota to 1,000 in the second year of the programme's operation, but local councils' reluctance to participate in the scheme meant that it was slow to take off.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/oct/04/immigrationandpublicservices.immigration|title=Blunkett refugee plan misfires|last=Travis|first=Alan|date=4 October 2004|work=The Guardian|page=6|access-date=18 July 2009|archive-date=28 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828082225/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/oct/04/immigrationandpublicservices.immigration|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/may/17/immigrationandasylum.politics|title=Burmese reach UK in refugee scheme|last=Travis|first=Alan|date=17 May 2005|work=The Guardian|page=9|access-date=18 July 2009|archive-date=29 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829045825/http://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/may/17/immigrationandasylum.politics|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.communitycare.co.uk/Articles/2006/01/19/52432/few-councils-take-up-un-scheme.html|title=Few councils take up UN scheme|last=Taylor|first=Amy|date=19 January 2006|work=Community Care|page=8|access-date=18 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130419211827/http://www.communitycare.co.uk/Articles/2006/01/19/52432/few-councils-take-up-un-scheme.html|archive-date=19 April 2013}} It has been argued that their reluctance showed that hostile attitudes towards asylum seekers had carried over to affect the most genuinely needy refugees. The quota remained at 500 per year until the 2008/09 financial year, when it was increased to 750 refugees per year.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=ii}}{{cite news|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/933956/An_inspection_of_UK_Refugee_Resettlement_Schemes.pdf|title=An inspection of UK Refugee Resettlement Schemes (November 2019 – May 2020)|publisher=Independent Chief Inspector of Borders and Immigration|first=David|last=Bolt|date=November 2020|page=34|access-date=27 August 2021|archive-date=27 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827085046/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/933956/An_inspection_of_UK_Refugee_Resettlement_Schemes.pdf|url-status=live}} The number of refugees resettled under the scheme was small in comparison to the number of asylum seekers offered protection in the UK. For example, in 2013, 17,647 initial decisions on asylum claims were made by the Home Office, of which 5,734 (32.5 per cent) determined the applicant to be a refugee and granted them asylum, 53 (0.3 per cent) granted humanitarian protection and 540 (3.1 per cent) granted discretionary leave. 11,105 applications (62.9 per cent) were refused.{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/283693/asylum1-q4-2013-tabs.ods|title=Table as_01: Asylum applications and initial decisions for main applicants, by country of nationality|publisher=Home Office|date=27 February 2014|access-date=27 May 2015|archive-date=3 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903153829/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/283693/asylum1-q4-2013-tabs.ods|url-status=live}} Worldwide, there were 51.2 million forcibly displaced people at the end of 2013, 16.7 million of whom were refugees.{{cite journal|url=http://www.unhcr.org/54cf99109.html|title=UNHCR Statistical Yearbook 2013|journal=Statistical Yearbook|year=2014|publisher=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|location=Geneva|issn=1684-9051|page=6|access-date=6 April 2015|archive-date=24 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324010744/http://www.unhcr.org/54cf99109.html|url-status=live}}

The programme was supported by the main British political parties at the national level since its inception, and there was also support from councillors from each of the main parties at the local authority level.{{cite news|url=http://leftfootforward.org/2014/07/we-must-take-more-responsibility-for-syrian-refugees/|title=We must take more responsibility for Syrian refugees|first=Jill|last=Rutter|work=Left Foot Forward|date=12 July 2014|access-date=2 March 2015|archive-date=30 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630074941/http://leftfootforward.org/2014/07/we-must-take-more-responsibility-for-syrian-refugees/|url-status=live}} On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the scheme in 2014, refugee groups and others praised it as a successful programme and called for it to be expanded, particularly in light of the Syrian refugee crisis.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/19/unhcr-refugee-programme-british-success|title=Refugees hail UNHCR Gateway programme as a British success story|newspaper=The Guardian|first=Harriet|last=Grant|date=19 March 2014|access-date=20 February 2015|archive-date=20 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220230420/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/19/unhcr-refugee-programme-british-success|url-status=live}} In early 2014, Amnesty International and the Refugee Council campaigned for the government to offer resettlement or humanitarian protection to Syrian refugees above and beyond the Gateway quota of 750 per year, "to ensure that resettlement opportunities continue to be available to refugees from the rest of the world".{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org.uk/webfm_send/256|title=Briefing for debate on 29 January 2014: The UK's participation in the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Syrian Refugees Programme|publisher=Amnesty International and Refugee Council|page=1|access-date=21 July 2015|archive-date=14 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314023426/https://www.amnesty.org.uk/files/webfm/Documents/issues/briefing_on_syrian_refugee_resettlement_-_debate_weds_29th_jan_2014.pdf?1ARvU9oSSocXeBQHwvp_gs81vN598bab|url-status=live}} The anniversary of the programme was also the occasion of further criticism of the 750 quota, with some commentators arguing that this was mean-spirited and continued to compare unfavourably with the refugee resettlement programmes of states including the United States, Canada and Australia.{{cite news|url=http://www.politics.co.uk/blogs/2014/03/19/the-embarrassment-of-britain-s-track-record-on-refugees|title=The embarrassment of Britain's track record on refugees|first=Ian|last=Dunt|publisher=Politics.co.uk|date=19 March 2014|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402114345/http://www.politics.co.uk/blogs/2014/03/19/the-embarrassment-of-britain-s-track-record-on-refugees|url-status=live}} Others, such as academic Jonathan Darling, were more skeptical about expanding the scheme, for fear that any such a move would be accompanied by greater restrictions on the ability of people to claim asylum in the UK. He argues that "we must be critical of any attempts to expand such a quota-based scheme at the expense of a more progressive asylum system". Furthermore, he argues that the "hospitality" of the scheme was highly conditional and can be viewed as a form of "compassionate repression", with the UNHCR, the Home Office and local authorities all involved in "sorting, decision, and consideration over which individuals are the 'exceptional cases'", to the exclusion of others.{{cite journal|title=Becoming bare life: asylum, hospitality, and the politics of encampment|first=Jonathan|last=Darling|journal=Environment and Planning D: Society and Space|year=2009|volume=27|issue=4|pages=649–665|doi=10.1068/d10307|bibcode=2009EnPlD..27..649D |s2cid=145720274}}

In September 2015, in the context of the European migrant crisis, Labour Party leadership candidate Yvette Cooper called for an increase in the number of refugees resettled in the UK to 10,000.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/01/yvette-coopers-refugees-quota-require-10-fold-rise-uk-intake|title=Yvette Cooper's refugees quota would require 10-fold rise in UK intake|first=Patrick|last=Butler|work=The Guardian|date=1 September 2015|access-date=4 September 2015|archive-date=2 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150902042011/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/01/yvette-coopers-refugees-quota-require-10-fold-rise-uk-intake|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://leftfootforward.org/2015/09/david-camerons-refugee-response-would-shame-past-tory-prime-ministers/|title=David Cameron's refugee response would appal past Tory prime ministers|first=Jill|last=Rutter|work=Left Foot Forward|date=3 September 2015|access-date=4 September 2015|archive-date=5 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905060020/http://leftfootforward.org/2015/09/david-camerons-refugee-response-would-shame-past-tory-prime-ministers/|url-status=live}} The prime minister, David Cameron, subsequently announced that the UK would resettle 20,000 refugees from camps in countries bordering Syria over the period to 2020 under the Vulnerable Persons Resettlement Scheme, which was established in early 2014 and was distinct from, but modelled on, the Gateway Protection Programme.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34171148|title=UK to accept 20,000 refugees from Syria by 2020|work=BBC News|date=7 September 2015|access-date=7 September 2015|archive-date=7 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907045935/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34171148|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://unitedkingdom.iom.int/resettlement-and-family-reunification |title=Resettlement and Family Reunification |publisher=International Organization for Migration United Kingdom |access-date=4 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031173903/http://unitedkingdom.iom.int/resettlement-and-family-reunification |archive-date=31 October 2014 }}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34332874|title=Migrant crisis: What awaits refugees coming to the UK?|first=Dominic|last=Casciani|work=BBC News|date=23 September 2015|access-date=4 May 2016|archive-date=3 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903111042/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34332874|url-status=live}}

On 17 June 2019, the British Home Secretary, Sajid Javid, announced that a new resettlement scheme would be introduced from 2020, bringing the Vulnerable Persons Resettlement Scheme, the Vulnerable Children's Resettlement Scheme and the Gateway Protection Programme into a single programme with an initial quota of 5,000 people. The government stated that "the new programme will be simpler to operate and provide greater consistency in the way that the UK government resettles refugees".{{cite news|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-global-resettlement-scheme-for-the-most-vulnerable-refugees-announced|title=New global resettlement scheme for the most vulnerable refugees announced|publisher=Home Office|date=17 June 2019|access-date=18 June 2019|archive-date=18 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618071533/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-global-resettlement-scheme-for-the-most-vulnerable-refugees-announced|url-status=live}} The COVID-19 pandemic delayed the launch of the new resettlement scheme, with the individual schemes it was intended to replace being placed on hold in March 2020 and limited resettlement under the Vulnerable Persons Resettlement Scheme only resuming in late 2020. A January 2021 parliamentary briefing explained that since the pandemic, "there has been uncertainty over the Government's plans to launch the [UK Resettlement Scheme], and it is unclear whether the previous ambition to resettle 5,000 refugees in the first year of operation still stands". Government ministers confirmed that they still intended to launch a new programme, however.{{cite report|url=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-9017/CBP-9017.pdf|title=Refugee resettlement in the UK: recent developments|first=Melanie|last=Gower|publisher=House of Commons Library|series=Briefing Paper|volume=9017|date=28 January 2021|access-date=17 February 2021|archive-date=6 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306134137/https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-9017/CBP-9017.pdf|url-status=live}} The new UK Resettlement Scheme started in February 2021.{{cite news|url=https://homeofficemedia.blog.gov.uk/2021/06/14/how-does-the-uk-help-refugees-through-safe-and-legal-routes/|title=How does the UK help refugees through safe and legal routes?|publisher=Home Office|date=14 June 2021|access-date=27 August 2021|archive-date=27 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827081507/https://homeofficemedia.blog.gov.uk/2021/06/14/how-does-the-uk-help-refugees-through-safe-and-legal-routes/|url-status=live}}

The number of refugees resettled under the programme was below the quota in every year except for 2009, 2012, 2013, 2016 and 2017.{{cite journal|date=August 2010 |title=Control of immigration: Statistics United Kingdom 2009 |journal=Home Office Statistical Bulletin |volume=15/10 |pages=15, 30 |url=http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs10/hosb1510.pdf |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110314171826/http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs10/hosb1510.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 March 2011 }}{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=8}}{{cite news|url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/public_sector/article676145.ece|title=Seeking refuge for war victims|last=Sulaiman|first=Tosin|date=20 June 2006|work=The Times|page=5 (Public Agenda supplement)|access-date=18 July 2009|archive-date=12 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612155053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/public_sector/article676145.ece|url-status=dead}} Refugees resettled included Liberians from Guinea and Sierra Leone, Congolese (DRC) from Uganda and Zambia, Sudanese from Uganda, Burmese (including Karen, Mon, Pa'O and Rohingya people){{sfn|Hynes|Mon Thu|2008|p=49}} from Thailand, Ethiopians from Kenya, and Mauritanians from Senegal.{{cite book|last=Foreign and Commonwealth Office|title=Human Rights Annual Report 2007|publisher=The Stationery Office|location=Norwich|year=2008|page=95|isbn=978-0-10-173402-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ko4w_PHoCe8C|access-date=11 November 2020|archive-date=1 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001051300/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ko4w_PHoCe8C|url-status=live}} Provision was made for 1,000 Iraqi refugees to be resettled in the UK between 1 April 2008 and the end of March 2010. In 2008, 236 Iraqis were resettled and as of 18 May, a further 212 had been resettled in 2009.{{cite hansard|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmhansrd/cm090602/text/90602w0018.htm|title=Asylum: Iraq|house=House of Commons|date=2 June 2009|column=358W}} However, in May 2009 the programme was shut down for those Iraqis resettling due to having worked in support of British occupying forces and therefore at risk for reprisals.{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/feedarticle/8488254 | title=Iraq aides plan 'echoes Gurkha row' | agency=Press Association | newspaper=The Guardian | date=4 May 2009 | access-date=23 October 2009 | archive-date=21 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221012703/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/feedarticle/8488254 | url-status=live }} This decision was criticised as premature and "mean-spirited" by some members of Parliament. Nonetheless, other Iraqis continued to be resettled under the Gateway Protection Programme and between 2004 and 2017, a total of 1,640 Iraqis were resettled as part of the programme.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=8}} Other nationalities of refugees resettled under the scheme included Bhutanese, Eritreans, Palestinians, Sierra Leoneans and Somalis.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=8}}

In March 2009, out of the 434 local authorities in the UK,{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/6203542/Council-areas-fail-to-cut-carbon-footprint.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924004106/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/6203542/Council-areas-fail-to-cut-carbon-footprint.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 September 2009|title=Council areas fail to cut carbon footprint|first=Louise|last=Gray|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=18 September 2009|access-date=14 September 2010}} 15 were participating in the programme.{{cite book|url=http://www.employabilityforum.co.uk/documents/UKBA-refugee-integration-strategy-2009.pdf|title=Moving on Together: Government's Recommitment to Supporting Refugees|date=March 2009|location=London|publisher=UK Border Agency|isbn=978-1-84726-865-5|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402213607/http://www.employabilityforum.co.uk/documents/UKBA-refugee-integration-strategy-2009.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2015}} By 2012, a total of 18 local authorities had participated.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=7}} In a review of the scheme, academics Duncan Sim and Kait Laughlin noted that "it is clear that, as with asylum seekers dispersed by the UK Borders Agency under Home Office dispersal policy, most refugees have been resettled away from London and south east England, a policy which may lead to separation of extended families". Of the 18 local authorities, eight were in North West England and three in Yorkshire and the Humber.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=7}}

The first refugees resettled under the programme were housed in Sheffield, which was the first city to join the scheme and which had branded itself the UK's first 'City of Sanctuary'.{{cite journal|title=A city of sanctuary: the relational re-imagining of Sheffield's asylum politics|first=Jonathan|last=Darling|journal=Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers|year=2010|volume=35|issue=1|pages=125–140|doi=10.1111/j.1475-5661.2009.00371.x}} Others were housed in cities and towns including Bradford, Brighton and Hove, Bromley, Colchester, Hull, Middlesbrough, Motherwell, Norwich, and the Manchester area including Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Salford, Stockport and Tameside.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009}}{{sfn|Hynes|Mon Thu|2008|p=49}}{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=8}}{{cite news|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/localnews/Refugees-find-haven-from-terror.1403509.jp|title=Refugees find haven from terror|last=Wood|first=Alexandra|date=27 March 2006|work=Yorkshire Post|access-date=10 August 2009}}{{cite news|title=Peter Lemi dreams of the day when he and his family no longer live in fear|last=Osuh|first=Chris|date=17 January 2006|work=Manchester Evening News|page=29}}{{cite news|url=http://www.tes.co.uk/article.aspx?storycode=6003324|title=Refugees now talking with Scottish accents|last=Seith|first=Emma|date=3 October 2008|work=The Times Educational Supplement|page=4|access-date=18 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610131637/http://www.tes.co.uk/article.aspx?storycode=6003324|archive-date=10 June 2011|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/6338117.stm|title='New life' for Congolese family|date=7 February 2007|work=BBC News|access-date=18 July 2009|archive-date=10 February 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210000708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/6338117.stm|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/congolese-welcomed-with-taste-of-africa-and-tunnock-s-teacakes-1.827151|title=Congolese welcomed with taste of Africa...and Tunnock's teacakes|last=Money|first=Rachele|date=14 January 2009|work=Sunday Herald|page=25|access-date=23 August 2009|archive-date=3 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120603132244/http://www.heraldscotland.com/congolese-welcomed-with-taste-of-africa-and-tunnock-s-teacakes-1.827151|url-status=live}}{{cite news| url=http://www.nwemail.co.uk/News/Ethiopians-lap-up-Lakeland-visit-e8c10e36-2a2a-4db6-ba1a-1e765a09f4ca-ds| title=Ethiopians Lap Up Lakeland Visit| newspaper=North-West Evening Mail| date=6 August 2008| access-date=23 October 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100758/http://www.nwemail.co.uk/News/Ethiopians-lap-up-Lakeland-visit-e8c10e36-2a2a-4db6-ba1a-1e765a09f4ca-ds| archive-date=4 March 2016| url-status=dead}}{{cite news | url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/s/1087131_refugees_christmas_reunion | title=Refugee's Christmas reunion | author=Lashley, Brian | newspaper=Manchester Evening News | date=24 December 2008 | access-date=23 October 2009 | archive-date=13 December 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213163107/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/s/1087131_refugees_christmas_reunion | url-status=live }} Sheffield, Bolton and Hull received the largest numbers, accounting for just under half of all refugees resettled under the programme between 2004 and 2012.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=9}} The large proportion of refugees who were resettled in North West England has been attributed partly to strong leadership on migration issues in Greater Manchester.{{cite web|url=http://www.metropolitan.org.uk/images/LeadershipPaper.pdf|title=UK migration: the leadership role of housing providers|first=John|last=Perry|publisher=Joseph Rowntree Foundation|date=August 2011|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-date=27 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627021839/http://www.metropolitan.org.uk/images/LeadershipPaper.pdf|url-status=live}}

In 2007, North Lanarkshire Council won the "Creating Integrated Communities" category in the UK Housing Awards for its involvement in the Gateway Protection Programme.{{cite web|url=http://www.cih.org/ukha/pdfs/NorthLanarkshireC-GatewayProtection-CIC_Winner.pdf|title=North Lanarkshire Council: Gateway Protection Programme|year=2007|publisher=UK Housing Awards|access-date=18 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721062532/http://www.cih.org/ukha/pdfs/NorthLanarkshireC-GatewayProtection-CIC_Winner.pdf|archive-date=21 July 2011}}{{cite news|title=High praise for refugee housing programme|date=27 November 2007|work=Evening Times|page=22}} Research with Congolese refugees settled with North Lanarkshire Council in Motherwell found that the majority wanted to stay in the town and that they viewed it positively both as a location in its own right, and in comparison with other resettlement locations.{{cite journal|title=Refugee Onward Migration and the Changing Ethnic Geography of Scotland|first=Duncan|last=Sim|journal=Scottish Geographical Journal|volume=131|issue=1|year=2015|pages=1–16|doi=10.1080/14702541.2014.960886|bibcode=2015ScGJ..131....1S |s2cid=128427744}}

In April 2007, Bolton Museum held an exhibition of photos of Sudanese refugees resettled in the town under the programme.{{cite news|url=http://www.refugee-action.org.uk/news/2007/Gatewayexhibition.aspx|title=Museum photo exhibition tells the powerful stories of refugees in Bolton|date=7 April 2007|publisher=Refugee Action|access-date=10 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215215854/http://www.refugee-action.org.uk/news/2007/Gatewayexhibition.aspx|archive-date=15 February 2012}} A film, titled Moving to Mars was made about two ethnic Karen families resettled from Burma to Sheffield under the Gateway Protection Programme.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/sheffield/hi/people_and_places/arts_and_culture/newsid_8319000/8319030.stm|title=Sheffield Doc/Fest 2009|first=Owen|last=Anthony|publisher=BBC Sheffield & South Yorkshire|date=12 November 2009|access-date=21 July 2015|archive-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307035349/http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/sheffield/hi/people_and_places/arts_and_culture/newsid_8319000/8319030.stm|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://blog.refugee-action.org/2009/11/moving-to-mars-world-premiere-of-film-on-refugee-resettlement-scheme/|title='Moving to Mars': World premiere of film on refugee resettlement scheme|last=Ayech|first=Sara|date=4 November 2009|work=Refugee Action blog|publisher=Refugee Action|access-date=1 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303025547/http://blog.refugee-action.org/2009/11/moving-to-mars-world-premiere-of-film-on-refugee-resettlement-scheme/|archive-date=3 March 2012}}{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8386945.stm|title=Burma's Karen refugees struggle in UK|date=11 January 2010|work=BBC News|access-date=4 February 2010|archive-date=1 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001051301/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8386945.stm|url-status=live}} The film opened the Sheffield International Documentary Festival in November 2009 and was aired on the television channel More4 on 2 February 2010.{{cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/programmes/moving-to-mars|title=Moving to Mars|publisher=Channel 4|access-date=1 February 2010|archive-date=30 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130180303/http://www.channel4.com/programmes/moving-to-mars|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2010/feb/03/moving-to-mars|title=Moving to Mars|last=Wollaston|first=Sam|date=3 February 2010|work=The Guardian|access-date=4 February 2010|archive-date=3 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403123126/http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2010/feb/03/moving-to-mars|url-status=live}} One ethnic Karen refugee resettled with his family in Sheffield in 2006, Kler Heh, signed a professional contract to play football for Sheffield United F.C. in March 2015.{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-england-asia-kler-idUKKCN0PV0HV20150721|title=Thai refugee eyeing Premier League with Sheffield United|first=Patrick|last=Johnston|publisher=Reuters|date=21 July 2015|access-date=21 July 2015|archive-date=31 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731233137/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-england-asia-kler-idUKKCN0PV0HV20150721|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=http://www.sheffieldtelegraph.co.uk/sport/sheffield-united/sheffield-united-my-ambition-is-kler-says-young-blades-star-heh-18-1-7321638|title=Sheffield United: My ambition is 'Kler' says young Blades star Heh, 18|work=Sheffield Telegraph|date=22 June 2015|access-date=21 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115205/http://www.sheffieldtelegraph.co.uk/sport/sheffield-united/sheffield-united-my-ambition-is-kler-says-young-blades-star-heh-18-1-7321638|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=http://www.furd.org/default.asp?intPageID=755|title=FURD referral Kler Heh wins professional contract with the Blades|publisher=Football Unites, Racism Divides|access-date=21 July 2015|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924020107/http://www.furd.org/default.asp?intPageID=755|url-status=dead}}

On 17 July 2009, three Congolese men resettled in Norwich under the programme were killed in a car crash on the A1 road.{{cite news|url=http://www.networknorwich.co.uk/Articles/159875/Network_Norwich_and_Norfolk/People/People_Archive/Tributes_to_Norwich_Christian_trio_killed_in.aspx|title=Tributes to Norwich Christian trio killed in crash|date=28 July 2009|publisher=Network Norfolk|access-date=30 May 2015|archive-date=11 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511051253/http://networknorwich.co.uk/Articles/159875/Network_Norwich_and_Norfolk/People/People_Archive/Tributes_to_Norwich_Christian_trio_killed_in.aspx|url-status=live}} The Home Office released a promotional video in October 2009 that highlighted the success of the programme in resettling the first 15 Congolese families in Norwich in 2006.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/norfolk/8305227.stm|title=Video highlights refugee scheme|work=BBC News|date=13 October 2009|access-date=30 May 2015|archive-date=1 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001051302/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/norfolk/8305227.stm|url-status=live}} In 2011, the Home Office stopped using Norwich as a resettlement location in favour of locations in Yorkshire and Lancashire, reportedly to the disappointment of the local council.{{cite news|url=http://www.eveningnews24.co.uk/views/norfolk-is-a-gateway-to-a-safer-way-of-life-1-1109785|title=Norfolk is a gateway to a safer way of life|first=Keiron|last=Pim|work=Norwich Evening News|date=27 October 2011|access-date=30 May 2015|archive-date=30 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930182533/http://www.eveningnews24.co.uk/views/norfolk-is-a-gateway-to-a-safer-way-of-life-1-1109785|url-status=live}}

Resettlement has been presented as a means of the UK fulfilling its obligations towards displaced people in the context of hostile public attitudes towards asylum seekers.{{sfn|Cooley|Rutter|2007}} Research has shown that members of the British public are generally well disposed to providing protection to genuine refugees, but are sceptical about the validity of asylum seekers' claims.{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Miranda|title=Asylum: Understanding Public Attitudes|publisher=Institute for Public Policy Research|location=London|year=2005|isbn=1-86030-273-4}} A report published in 2005 states that "some participating agencies have been reluctant to pursue a proactive media strategy due to local political considerations and issues relating to the dispersal of asylum seekers".{{sfn|Wright IV|Peach|Ward|2005|p=41}} However, in February 2006, the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department Andy Burnham, when asked about how the programme fitted in with community cohesion strategies, stated in the House of Commons that:

"The early evidence from areas in which authorities have participated in the programme shows that it has been successful in challenging some of the attacks on the notion of political asylum that we have heard in recent years. In Bolton and Sheffield in particular, the towns have rallied around the individuals who have come to them. The programme has been a positive experience for the receiving community and, of course, for the vulnerable individuals who have benefited from the protection that those towns have offered".{{cite hansard|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/vo060213/debtext/60213-06.htm|title=Gateway Protection Programme|house=House of Commons|date=13 February 2006|column=1136}}

A report into the experience of refugees resettled in Brighton and Hove under the scheme between October 2006 and October 2007 was published by the Sussex Centre for Migration Research at the University of Sussex in December 2007. The report found that the refugees had struggled to gain employment and English language skills.{{cite web|url=https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=080225-gppreport-web.pdf&site=252|title='On that day I am born...': The experience of refugees resettled to Brighton and Hove under the Gateway Protection Programme October 2006 to October 2007|last=Collyer|first=Michael|author2=de Guerre, Katie|date=December 2007|publisher=Sussex Centre for Migration Research, University of Sussex|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-date=26 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626170431/https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=080225-gppreport-web.pdf&site=252|url-status=live}} Another evaluation report undertaken for the Home Office and published in 2011 also found that only small numbers of resettled refugees were in paid employment, noting that many were still more concerned about meeting their basic needs.{{sfn|Platts-Fowler|Robinson|2011|p=15}}

In February 2009, the Home Office published a report evaluating the effectiveness of the Gateway Protection Programme. The research it was based upon focused on refugees' integration into British society in the 18 months following their resettlement.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009}} The research found that refugees showed signs of integration, including the formation of social bonds through community groups and places of worship. The report noted that low employment rates and slow progress with acquiring English language skills were particular concerns. Younger refugees and children had made the most progress.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=19}} No specific language lessons were provided under the Gateway Protection Programme. Instead, Gateway refugees who required help with their English language skills had been provided with access to mainstream English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) courses, which were run by a range of state, voluntary and community-based organisations. However, the International Catholic Migration Commission (ICMC) Europe reported that in Sheffield, it could be difficult for resettled refugees to gain access to ESOL classes because demand generally exceeded supply{{cite web|url=http://www.resettlement.eu/sites/icmc.tttp.eu/files/ICMC_WelcomeToSheffield.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626192457/http://www.resettlement.eu/sites/icmc.tttp.eu/files/ICMC_WelcomeToSheffield.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 June 2015|title=Welcome to Sheffield: Reflections on 8 years experience of receiving resettled refugees at the local level|publisher=Sheffield City Council and International Catholic Migration Commission (ICMC) Europe|page=19}} – a situation also noted by an evaluation of the scheme's operation in Motherwell undertaken in 2013.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=10}} The Motherwell evaluation found that most of the male refugees were in employment, but that many of them were not in jobs that allowed them to use their skills. The majority of women were not in work, reflecting a lack of job opportunities but also a lack of childcare provision.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=2}}

A number of programme evaluations have found that many resettled refugees have been the victims of verbal or physical attacks in the UK. The Home Office's 2009 evaluation noted that between one-quarter and half of each of four groups of Liberian and Congolese refugees resettled under the programme had suffered verbal or physical harassment.{{sfn|Evans|Murray|2009|p=iii}} An evaluation undertaken by academics at Sheffield Hallam University for the Home Office in 2011 found that one-fifth of the refugees surveyed for the evaluation (who had been in the UK for a year) had been the victims of verbal or physical attacks in their first six months in the UK, and just over a fifth had been attacked in the second six months of their resettlement. Many of the victims of this abuse had not reported it to the authorities, and the authors of the evaluation suggested that this was a reason why there was a gap between the perceptions of refugee and service providers, who generally suggested that community relations were good.{{sfn|Platts-Fowler|Robinson|2011|p=20}} Verbal and physical attacks against refugees were also noted in the 2013 Motherwell evaluation.{{sfn|Sim|Laughlin|2014|p=40}}

• Modern immigration to the United Kingdom
• Third country resettlement

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite journal|last1=Cooley|first1=Laurence|last2=Rutter|first2=Jill|title=Turned away? Towards better protection for refugees fleeing violent conflict|journal=Public Policy Research|volume=14|issue=3|pages=176–180|doi=10.1111/j.1744-540X.2007.00485.x|year=2007}}
• {{cite journal|last1=Evans|first1=Olga|last2=Murray|first2=Rosemary|date=February 2009|title=The Gateway Protection Programme: An evaluation|journal=Home Office Research Report|volume=12|url=http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs09/horr12c.pdf|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130128103514/http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs09/horr12c.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 January 2013}}
• {{cite journal|last1=Hynes|first1=Patricia|last2=Mon Thu|first2=Yin|year=2008|title=To Sheffield with love|journal=Forced Migration Review|volume=30|pages=49–51|url=http://www.fmreview.org/FMRpdfs/FMR30/49-51.pdf|access-date=18 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615015837/http://www.fmreview.org/FMRpdfs/FMR30/49-51.pdf|archive-date=15 June 2011|url-status=dead}}
• {{cite web|url=http://www.shu.ac.uk/research/cresr/sites/shu.ac.uk/files/eval-gateway-protection-programme.pdf|title=An Evaluation of the Gateway Protection Programme: A Report Commissioned by the Home Office|first1=Deborah|last1=Platts-Fowler|first2=David|last2=Robinson|publisher=Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research, Sheffield Hallam University|date=2011|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119183325/https://www4.shu.ac.uk/research/cresr/sites/shu.ac.uk/files/eval-gateway-protection-programme.pdf|url-status=dead}}
• {{cite web|ref={{harvid|Refugee Council|2004a}}|url=http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/Resources/Refugee%20Council/downloads/howwehelp/UnderstandingGPPJune2004.pdf|title=Understanding Resettlement to the UK: A Guide to the Gateway Protection Programme|date=June 2004|publisher=Refugee Council on behalf of the Resettlement Inter-Agency Partnership|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225073106/http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/Resources/Refugee%20Council/downloads/howwehelp/UnderstandingGPPJune2004.pdf|archive-date=25 February 2012}}
• {{cite web|ref={{harvid|Refugee Council|2004b}}|url=http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/assets/0001/5859/gateway_prot_oct04.pdf|title=Resettling to the UK: The Gateway Protection Programme|date=October 2004|work=Refugee Council Briefing|publisher=Refugee Council|access-date=3 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402105308/http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/assets/0001/5859/gateway_prot_oct04.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}
• {{cite web|url=http://uwsoxfampartnership.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Motherwell-Refugee-Report-FINAL.pdf|title=The Long Term Integration of Gateway Protection Programme Refugees in Motherwell, North Lanarkshire|first1=Duncan|last1=Sim|first2=Kait|last2=Laughlin|work=UWS-Oxfam Partnership, Collaborative Research Reports Series|number=1|publisher=University of the West of Scotland-Oxfam Partnership|date=October 2014}}
• {{cite web|url=http://www.icar.org.uk/download.php?id=202|title=Resettlement Programmes and the UK|last1=Wright IV|first1=George J.|last2=Peach|first2=Esme |last3=Ward|first3=Kim |date=June 2005|publisher=Information Centre about Asylum and Refugees|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926085218/http://www.icar.org.uk/download.php?id=202|archive-date=26 September 2006}}

• [https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/provide-services-for-asylum-applicants-refugees-and-migrants#refugees-gateway-protection-programme Gateway Protection Programme]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gateway Protection Programme}}

Category:Immigration to the United Kingdom

Category:Refugees in the United Kingdom

Category:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees resettlement programmes

Category:United Kingdom border control

Category:Settlement schemes in Europe