General Motors BEV2 platform

{{Main articles|General Motors EV1}}

Despite having a "2" in its name, which usually indicates a second generation of a platform in GM nomenclature,{{Cite web|url=https://www.saabsunited.com/tag/gm-epsilon-ii|title=GM Epsilon II – SAABSUNITED|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.gminsidenews.com/articles/tag/gamma-ii/|title=gamma ii Archives|website=GM Inside News|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.gmdelta.com/|title=gmdelta.com – Chevrolet Cruze, Cobalt, HHR / Pontiac G5 / Saturn Ion, Saturn-Opel Astra Enthusiast Group|website=www.gmdelta.com|access-date=April 22, 2020}} BEV2 had no direct predecessor. The concept of "BEV1" actually refers to the General Motors EV1.{{Cite web|url=https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1107585_modern-electric-cars-at-20-from-ev1-to-bolt-ev-where-are-we-now|title=Modern electric cars at 20: from EV1 to Bolt EV, where are we now?|website=Green Car Reports|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} However, the EV1 and vehicles on BEV2 differ greatly, in part due to the two-decade gap between them.{{Cite web|url=https://www.motortrend.com/news/general-motors-ev1/|title=General Motors EV1 – Driving Impression|last=Bartlett|first=Jeff|date=June 1, 1996|website=MotorTrend|access-date=April 22, 2019}}

In 2011, GM announced that they had finished development of an EV supplier base in China.{{Cite web|url=https://www.autonews.com/article/20111212/OEM06/312129990/gm-develops-ev-supplier-base-in-china|title=GM develops EV supplier base in China|date=December 12, 2011|website=Automotive News|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} This coincided with the introduction of the Springo, an EV based on the Gamma platform's Chevrolet Sail.{{Cite web|url=https://www.autonews.com/china/gm-launches-ev-production-china|title=GM launches EV production in China|date=November 8, 2010|website=Automotive News|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} Two years later in 2013, a similar EV variant was released of the Sail's American-market equivalent, the Spark.{{Cite web|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/autos/news/2014-chevrolet-spark-ev/ar-BB10KQvV|title=2014 Chevrolet Spark EV|website=www.msn.com|access-date=April 22, 2020}} This Spark EV was sold until 2016, the same year as the introduction of the Bolt,{{Cite web|url=https://www.caranddriver.com/chevrolet/a27436866/spark-ev/|title=Chevrolet Spark EV Review, Pricing and Specs|date=May 14, 2019|website=Car and Driver|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}} and, though GM openly stated that the Bolt's platform was not derived from Gamma, the Bolt's model codes began with G2, suggesting influence of these vehicles upon it.{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/gm/chevrolet/bolt-ev/chevrolet-bolt-ev-platform/|title=Chevrolet Bolt EV Platform|website=GM Authority|access-date=April 22, 2020}}

{{Main articles|Chevrolet Bolt}}

In 2016, Chevrolet unveiled a production version of the Bolt, the first vehicle on BEV2,{{Cite web|url=https://www.motortrend.com/cars/chevrolet/volt/2016/2017-chevrolet-bolt-ev-drivetrain-first-look-review/|title=2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV Drivetrain First Look (w/Video)|date=April 6, 2016|website=MotorTrend|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} and the first dedicated EV from GM in 20 years. LG Chem and other LG divisions reportedly develop and install most of the components that make it an electric vehicle, per an agreement for the model.{{Cite web|url=https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1102176_bolt-ev-powertrain-how-did-gm-and-lg-collaborate-on-design-production|title=Bolt EV Powertrain: How Did GM And LG Collaborate On Design, Production?|website=Green Car Reports|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} This vehicle is the first to be underpinned by BEV2{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/gm/gm-platforms/gm-bev-2-platform/|title=General Motors BEV2 Vehicle Platform|website=GM Authority|access-date=April 22, 2020}} and also the strongest-selling, with over 16,000 sold at the end of 2018.{{Cite web|url=https://insideevs.com/news/391654/chevrolet-bolt-us-sales-2019/|title=Chevrolet Bolt U.S. Sales Decreased In 2019 To 16,418|last=Volt|first=Chevrolet Bolt EV Chevrolet|website=InsideEVs|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}}

On October 2, 2017, GM announced a plan to introduce two new main EV models in the next eighteen months,{{Cite web|url=https://electrek.co/2017/10/02/gm-electric-car-commitment-new-models/|title=GM announces serious electric car plan: 2 new EVs within 18 months, 20 within 5 years|last=Lambert|first=Fred|date=October 2, 2017|website=Electrek|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}} followed by an additional eighteen electric models by 2023.{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/gm/future-general-motors-vehicles-products/by-vehicle-type/future-gm-electric-vehicles/|title=Future GM Electric Vehicles|website=GM Authority|access-date=April 22, 2020}} The next month GM extended their commitment,{{Cite web|url=https://electrek.co/2017/11/15/gm-electric-vehicles-crossover-minivan-corvette/|title=GM elaborates on electric vehicle plans: 5 crossovers, 2 minivans, 7 SUVs, and more|last=Lambert|first=Fred|date=November 15, 2017|website=Electrek|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}} aiming for a production volume of one million electric vehicles by 2026.{{Cite web|url=https://repokar.com/blog/993/GM-thinks-its-gonna-sell-1-million-EVs-annually-by-2026|title=GM thinks its gonna sell 1 million EVs annually by 2026|website=repokar.com|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} On November 15, 2017, further clarification was made by GM CEO Mary Barra as to what the next five years of electric models would be:{{Cite web|url=https://www.automobilemag.com/news/did-gm-just-confirm-the-corvette-e-ray-or-a-cadillac-sports-car/?sm_id=organic_tw_social_AMAG_171116_sf173449465|title=Did GM Just Confirm the Corvette E-Ray, or a Cadillac Sports Car?|last=Lassa|first=Todd|date=November 16, 2017|website=Automobile Magazine}}

• "Expressive luxury low-roof" vehicle (possibly a grand tourer){{Cite web|url=https://jalopnik.com/screw-the-chevy-bolt-crossover-gm-is-working-on-an-ele-1820528616|title=Screw The Chevy Bolt Crossover, GM Is Working On An Electric Sports Car|website=Jalopnik|language=en-us|access-date=April 22, 2020}}
• 5-passenger luxury SUV
• 5-passenger compact SUV
• "Shared" autonomous vehicle
• Functional light commercial vehicle
• "Efficient low-roof" car
• Small SUV
• Compact CUV
• 7-passenger large SUV
• 7-passenger luxury SUV

None of these promised actions, however, have been enacted in full.{{Cite web|url=https://www.carscoops.com/2020/01/tiny-2020-baojun-e300-debuts-in-china-as-gms-latest-electric-vehicle/|title=Tiny 2020 Baojun E300 Debuts In China As GM’s Latest Electric Vehicle|date=January 17, 2020|website=Carscoops|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}} In China, the SAIC-GM joint venture has announced{{cite press release |url=https://media.gm.com/media/cn/en/gm/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/cn/en/2018/April/0402_Buick-Velite61.html |title=Buick to Introduce VELITE 6 Electrified Vehicles in China |date=April 2, 2018 |publisher=GM Corporate Newsroom |access-date=9 July 2022}} and launched the Buick Velite 6 (2019),{{cite press release |url=https://media.gm.com/media/cn/en/gm/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/cn/en/2019/April/0415_Buick.html |title=Buick Debuts All-New Encore, Encore GX and GL8 Avenir Concept, and Launches VELITE 6 MAV in China |date=April 15, 2019 |publisher=GM Corporate Newsroom |access-date=9 July 2022}}{{cite press release |url=https://media.gm.com/media/cn/en/gm/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/cn/en/2019/Oct/1012_Buick_VELITE_6.html |title=Buick Launches VELITE 6 PLUS MAV Electric Vehicle in China |date=October 12, 2019 |publisher=GM Corporate Newsroom |access-date=9 July 2022}} also available with a PHEV drivetrain,{{cite press release |url=https://media.gm.com/media/cn/en/gm/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/cn/en/2020/Jul/0724_Buick.html |title=Buick Continues Focus on Electrification in China, Launches VELITE 6 7 Electric Vehicle and VELITE 6 PHEV |date=July 24, 2020 |publisher=GM Corporate Newsroom |access-date=9 July 2022}} and the closely related Chevrolet Menlo (2020).{{cite press release |url=https://media.gm.com/media/cn/en/gm/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/cn/en/2020/Feb/0220_Chevrolet_Menlo.html |title=Chevrolet Menlo Electric Vehicle Launched in China |date=February 20, 2020 |publisher=GM Corporate Newsroom |access-date=9 July 2022}} Since the end of the eighteen-month period, the Velite 6 and Menlo are the only main brand EVs that GM has produced, and both are limited to the Chinese market.{{Cite web|url=https://jalopnik.com/gm-turns-chevy-bolt-into-attractive-crossover-and-then-1839775667|title=GM Builds Attractive EV Crossover And Then Only Sells It In China [Update]|website=Jalopnik|language=en-us|access-date=April 22, 2020}} Much of the incentive to market EVs in China can be explained by the zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) mandate that country's government has put in place, requiring manufacturers to have 8% percent of their volume be ZEVs in 2012, and 12% in 2020.{{Cite web|url=https://electrek.co/2017/09/19/gm-electric-cars-china/|title=GM is all-in on electric cars, but only in China for now|last=Lambert|first=Fred|date=September 19, 2017|website=Electrek|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}} The Velite 6/Menlo have a different wheelbase and motor than the Bolt EV{{cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/chevy-menlo-electric-car-crossover-china/ |title=Chevy Menlo electric car is a neat crossover not for the US |author=Szymkowski, Sean |date=November 8, 2019 |work=Road/Show |publisher=CNet |access-date=9 July 2022}}{{cite news |url=https://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/2020/02/chevrolets-first-chinese-ev-hits-the-market-at-a-difficult-time/ |title=Chevrolet's First Chinese EV Hits the Market at a Difficult Time |author=Willems, Steph |date=February 24, 2020 |work=The Truth About Cars |access-date=9 July 2022}} and do not use the BEV2 platform.

In March 2019, GM announced its intentions to build another BEV2 platform-based vehicle very similar to the Bolt at Orion Assembly;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hagerty.com/media/news/gm-invest-300m-announces-second-ev/|title=GM will invest $300M in Orion plant, announces second EV to join Bolt|date=March 22, 2019|website=Hagerty Media|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}}{{Cite web|url=https://jalopnik.com/gm-to-invest-300-million-to-ramp-up-electric-car-produ-1833489727|title=GM to Invest $300 Million to Ramp Up Electric Car Production in Michigan|website=Jalopnik|language=en-us|access-date=April 22, 2020}} the new BEV2 vehicle was developed alongside the GMC Hummer EV.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/business/autos/gm-invest-2-2b-first-all-electric-vehicle-plant-create-n1124086|title=GM to invest $2.2B in first all-electric vehicle plant, create 2,200 jobs|website=NBC News|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} The vehicle was launched first in 2020 as the Buick Velite 7 for the Chinese market.{{cite news |url=https://www.motortrend.com/news/buick-velite-7-chevrolet-bolt-euv-crossover/ |title=New Buick EV Crossover Might Just Preview Chevrolet's Upcoming Bolt SUV |author=Fink, Greg |date=January 16, 2020 |work=Motor Trend |access-date=9 July 2022}}{{cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/07/all-new-buick-velite-7-ev-and-velite-6-phev-launch-in-china/|title=All-New Buick Velite 7 EV And Velite 6 PHEV Launch In China|website=GM Authority|language=en|access-date=August 20, 2020}} This crossover had been mentioned in the 2017 GM announcement, but it was later removed.{{Cite web|url=https://www.autonews.com/article/20171127/OEM05/171129850/oops-now-you-see-a-new-gm-ev-now-you-don-t|title=Oops: Now you see a new GM EV, now you don't|date=November 27, 2017|website=Automotive News|language=en|access-date=April 22, 2020}} A variant with revised styling for the United States was marketed as the Bolt EUV (electric utility vehicle),{{cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/buick-velite-7-chevy-bolt-euv-reveal-range/ |title=Buick Velite 7 likely previews the Chevy Bolt EUV |author=Szymkowski, Sean |date=June 18, 2020 |work=Road/Show |publisher=CNet |access-date=9 July 2022}}{{Cite web|url=https://2021suvs.com/2021-chevy-bolt-euv/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926091818/https://2021suvs.com/2021-chevy-bolt-euv/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=September 26, 2020|title=Spied 2021 Chevy Bolt EUV – Chevrolet’s Newest All-Electric Crossover|last=Ryan|date=January 16, 2020|website=2021 SUVs|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}} which is built on BEV2{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2019/05/chevrolet-bolt-euv-undercarriage-reveals-bolt-ev-roots/|title=Chevrolet Bolt EUV Undercarriage Reveals Bolt EV Roots|website=GM Authority|access-date=April 22, 2020}}{{Cite web|url=https://chargedfuture.com/general-motors-electric-vehicle-plans/|title=General Motors' Electric Vehicle Plans|date=January 27, 2020|website=Charged Future|language=en-US|access-date=April 22, 2020}}{{cite news |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a35652700/2022-chevrolet-bolt-euv-drive/ |title=2022 Chevrolet Bolt EUV Offers More for Less |author=Sutton, Mike |date=March 1, 2021 |work=Car and Driver |access-date=28 June 2022}} and was launched in spring 2021.{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/14/business/gm-chevrolet-bolt/index.html |title=GM unveils its next 'big' electric vehicle: The tiny Bolt EUV |author=Isidore, Chris |date=February 15, 2021 |work=CNN Business |access-date=9 July 2022}}

Production of the Bolt and Bolt EUV were stopped in August 2021 due to a battery recall;{{cite news |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/30/22648922/gm-chevy-bolt-ev-production-halt-recall-fire-risk |title=GM temporarily stops making the Chevy Bolt after latest recall |author=O'Kane, Sean |date=August 30, 2021 |work=The Verge |access-date=9 July 2022}} production did not resume until April 2022.{{cite news |url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/7/23013855/chevy-bolt-ev-euv-production-resumes-battery-fix-recall |title=GM's Chevy Bolt EV and EUV are finally back in production following battery fire recall |author=Shakir, Umar |date=April 7, 2022 |work=The Verge |access-date=9 July 2022}}

GM began publicizing its Ultium battery technology and BEV3 platform in 2019 and 2020.{{cite news |url=https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1122243_new-chevrolet-electric-car-coming-300m-investment-in-michigan-plant |title=New Chevrolet electric car coming, $300M investment in Michigan plant |author=Szymkowski, Sean |date=March 22, 2019 |work=Motor Authority |access-date=28 June 2022}}{{cite press release |url=https://news.gm.com/newsroom.detail.html/Pages/news/us/en/2020/mar/0304-ev.html |title=GM Reveals New Ultium Batteries and a Flexible Global Platform to Rapidly Grow its EV Portfolio |date=March 2020 |publisher=General Motors |access-date=28 June 2022}} Although both a refreshed Bolt EV and new Bolt EUV were announced at the same time, to go on sale in late 2020 and summer 2021, respectively,{{cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/gm-chevy-bolt-buick-suv-electric-vehicles/ |title=Midsize Chevy SUV, revamped Bolt and two new Buicks all part of GM's EV blitz |author=Cole, Craig |date=March 4, 2020 |work=CNet |access-date=28 June 2022}} the Bolt EV and EUV did not move to Ultium/BEV3. The newer platform is intended to support a wide variety of battery electric vehicles,{{cite news |url=https://techcrunch.com/2021/02/14/gm-unveils-a-refreshed-chevy-bolt-ev-and-its-bigger-yet-compact-crossover-sibling/ |title=GM unveils a refreshed Chevy Bolt EV and its bigger, yet compact crossover sibling |author=Korosec, Kirsten |date=February 14, 2021 |work=TechCrunch |access-date=28 June 2022}} including the Cruise Origin, which was intended to be the first GM vehicle on Ultium/BEV3. On April 25, 2023 GM CEO Mary Barra confirmed that the BEV2-based Bolt and Bolt EUV would be discontinued at the end of 2023 to make room for GM's "new generation of electric vehicles,"{{cite web | url=https://www.autonews.com/automakers-suppliers/chevy-bolt-ev-be-discontinued-late-2023 | title=GM to stop making Chevy Bolt EV in late 2023 | date=25 April 2023 }} and a new Ultium/BEV3 Bolt was announced a few months later.{{cite news |last1=Whalen |first1=Jeanne |title=Chevy Bolt EV is returning to market, months after GM scrapped it |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/07/25/chevy-bolt-ev/ |access-date=25 July 2023 |work=Washington Post |date=25 July 2023}}

BEV2 is derived from the Gamma 2 platform, used for other GM vehicles including the Chevrolet Sonic and Spark, but after significant changes were made during the development of the Bolt EV, GM gave it a unique platform designation.{{cite news |url= http://www.caranddriver.com/news/2017-chevrolet-bolt-ev-photos-and-info-news |title=2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV Photos and Info |date=January 6, 2016 |work=Car and Driver |access-date=September 20, 2016|quote=all-new chassis called BEV II, which isn't related to the Gamma platform on the Sonic hatchback. .. and has a 3.0-inch-longer wheelbase.}}{{cite news |url= http://www.greencarreports.com/news/1106137_chevy-bolt-ev-not-on-shared-architecture-but-platform-name-secret-gm-says |author=Voelcker, John |title=Chevy Bolt EV not on shared architecture, but platform name secret, GM says|date=September 16, 2016 |website=Green Car Reports|access-date=September 20, 2016 |quote=There are no Bolt EV parts tied to the G2 architecture .. The Bolt EV program originated on the Gamma architecture, but then grew into its own architecture – even as it maintained the G2 code.}} The Bolt was designed starting from 2012 by a team of 180 people in the studio of GM Korea (formerly Daewoo Korea),{{Cite web|last=Panait|first=Mircea|date=September 19, 2016|title=2017 Chevrolet Bolt Platform Is So Unique GM Doesn't Even Want to Talk About It|url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/2017-chevrolet-bolt-platform-is-so-unique-gm-doesnt-even-want-to-talk-about-it-111324.html|access-date=November 27, 2020|website=autoevolution|language=en}}{{cite web |url= http://wardsauto.com/technology/bolt-s-lead-designer-describes-clean-sheet-creation |title= Bolt's Lead Designer Describes Clean-Sheet Creation |first= Vince |last= Courtenay |website= wardsauto.com |date=April 26, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170426124215/http://wardsauto.com/technology/bolt-s-lead-designer-describes-clean-sheet-creation |archive-date=April 26, 2017 |url-status= live |quote= Stuart Norris .. arrived in Korea in the fall of 2012 to start laying the groundwork for the Bolt's design }} as a B-segment size vehicle{{cite web|url= http://www.autonews.com/article/20160807/OEM03/160809904/gms-korea-studio-broke-the-mold-with-bolt |title=GM's Korea studio 'broke the mold' with Bolt |newspaper=Automotive News|date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=August 11, 2016}} in partnership with LG Chem. GM were responsible for the electric traction motor, battery control system, integration of the powertrain, and system validation. LG Chem designed and engineered the traction battery; other LG units provided vehicle electronics, including the infotainment module.{{cite news |url=https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1102176_bolt-ev-powertrain-how-did-gm-and-lg-collaborate-on-design-production |title=Bolt EV Powertrain: How Did GM And LG Collaborate On Design, Production? |author=Voelcker, John |date=February 3, 2016 |work=Green Car Reports |access-date=8 July 2022}}

BEV2 features a skateboard-like chassis where the traction battery is carried between the wheels and under the seats.{{cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/chevy-bolt-ev-euv-gm-end-production/ |title=Dim future for Chevy Bolt EV, EUV as evidence mounts GM plans to end production |author=Szymkowski, Sean |date=January 25, 2022 |work=CNet |access-date=28 June 2022}}{{Cite web|title=GM BEV2 Vehicle Platform|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/gm/gm-platforms/gm-bev-2-platform/|url-status=live|access-date=August 27, 2021|website=GM Authority|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630123456/http://gmauthority.com/blog/gm/gm-platforms/gm-bev-2-platform/ |archive-date=June 30, 2017 }} As initially fitted to the 2017 model year Bolt EV, the traction battery weighs {{cvt|960|lb}} and has a storage capacity of 60 kW-hr. It supplies a traction motor driving the front wheels with an output of {{cvt|150|kW}} and {{cvt|266|lbft|order=flip}}. The car's on-board charger accepts AC power at a maximum rate of 7.2 kW, and a CCS DC charging port is optional, accepting DC power at a maximum rate of 50 kW.{{cite news |url=https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1101775_2017-chevrolet-bolt-ev-specs-released-battery-pack-motor-power-and-more |title=2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV Specs Release: Battery Pack, Motor Power, And More |author=Voelcker, John |date=January 11, 2016 |work=Green Car Reports |access-date=8 July 2022}} LG Chem shifted production of the traction battery from Korea to Michigan for the 2020 model year Bolt, which advertised a capacity increase to 66 kW-hr.{{cite web |url=http://www.wind-works.org/cms/index.php?id=84&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=5944&cHash=a2764406e7273f3e97e903d5aef7e61c |title=2020 Chevy Bolt EV Battery Capacity Anecdotal Observation |author=Gipe, Paul |date=November 29, 2020 |website=Wind-works.org |access-date=8 July 2022}}{{cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/reviews/2020-chevrolet-bolt-ev-review/ |title=2020 Chevy Bolt review: A good EV that's showing its age |author=Hall, Emme |date=October 1, 2020 |work=Road/Show |publisher=CNet |access-date=8 July 2022}}

• 2017–2023 Chevrolet Bolt, B-segment hatchback
• 2020–2022 Buick Velite 7, B-segment crossover SUV
• 2021–2023 Chevrolet Bolt EUV, B-segment crossover SUV

From its inception until 2020 (shortly after GM's sale of Opel/Vauxhall to Groupe PSA), the Chevrolet Bolt was sold in Europe as the Opel Ampera-e.{{Cite web|url=https://elbilstatistikk.no/|title=Registreringer av nye elbiler i Norge|website=elbilstatistikk.no|access-date=April 22, 2020}}

File:2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV Premier front 6.20.18.jpg|2017 Chevrolet Bolt

File:Opel Ampera-e IMG 4453.jpg|2017 Opel Ampera-e

File:Buick Velite 7 IMG004.jpg|2020 Buick Velite 7

File:0 Chevrolet Bolt EUV 3 (cropped).jpg|2021 Chevrolet Bolt EUV

{{reflist}}

• {{cite web |url=https://2110.me.gatech.edu/sites/default/files/documents/Lecture_Slides/me2110_fall_2019_lecture_11_productteardown.pdf |title=BEV Drivetrain Design and Manufacturing |author=Schofill, Seth |publisher=Georgia Tech}}

{{General Motors platforms}}

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Category:General Motors platforms

Category:Electric vehicle platforms