Geospiza

The genus Geospiza was introduced in 1837 by the English ornithologist John Gould with the large ground finch as the type species.{{ cite journal | last=Gould | first=John | author-link=John Gould | year=1837 | title=Remarks on a group of Ground Finches from Mr. Darwin's collection, with characters of new species | journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London | volume=Part 5 | issue=49 | page=4-7 [5] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30570890 }}{{ cite book | editor-last=Paynter | editor-first=Raymond A. Jr | year=1970 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=13 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=160 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483395 }} The genus name derives from the two Ancient Greek words {{wikt-lang|grc|γῆ}} ({{grc-transl|γῆ}}), meaning "earth", and {{wikt-lang|grc|σπίζα}} ({{grc-transl|σπίζα}}), a catch-all term for finch-like birds.{{Cite book |title=Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français |last=Bailly |first=Anatole |date=1981-01-01 |publisher=Hachette |isbn=978-2010035289 |location=Paris |oclc=461974285 }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.tabularium.be/bailly/ |title=Greek-french dictionary online |last=Bailly |first=Anatole |date= |website=www.tabularium.be |publisher= |access-date=January 8, 2019}} The member of the genus form part of a group collectively known as Darwin's finches.{{Cite journal | last1=Sato | first1=A. | last2=Tichy | first2=H. | last3=O'hUigin | first3=C. | last4=Grant | first4=P.R. | last5=Grant | first5=B.R. | last6=Klein | first6=J. | date=2001 | title=On the origin of Darwin's Finches | journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume=18 | issue=3 | pages=299–311 | doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003806 | pmid=11230531 | doi-access=free }} Although traditionally placed with the buntings and New World sparrows in the family Emberizidae, molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Darwin's finches are members of the subfamily Coerebinae within the tanager family Thraupidae.{{cite journal| last1=Burns | first1=K.J. | last2=Shultz | first2=A.J. | last3=Title | first3=P.O. | last4=Mason | first4=N.A. | last5=Barker | first5=F.K. | last6=Klicka | first6=J. | last7=Lanyon | first7=S.M. | last8=Lovette | first8=I.J. | year=2014 | title=Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution| volume=75| pages=41–77 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006 | pmid=24583021 | bibcode=2014MolPE..75...41B | url=https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3613&context=biosci_pubs }}

The genus contains the following nine species.{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2020 | title=Tanagers and allies | work=IOC World Bird List Version 10.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/tanagers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=16 October 2020 }}

A purported hybrid species (informally nicknamed "Big Bird") endemic to Daphne Major and formed almost four decades prior by hybridization between a vagrant Geospiza conirostris and a Geospiza fortis was also reported in 2017, though it has yet to be formally described.{{Cite journal|last1=Lamichhaney|first1=Sangeet|last2=Han|first2=Fan|last3=Webster|first3=Matthew T.|last4=Andersson|first4=Leif|last5=Grant|first5=B. Rosemary|last6=Grant|first6=Peter R.|date=2017-11-23|title=Rapid hybrid speciation in Darwin's finches|journal=Science|volume=359|issue=6372|language=en|pages=224–228|doi=10.1126/science.aao4593|issn=0036-8075|pmid=29170277|doi-access=free}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{commons category-inline|Geospiza}}

{{Passeroidea|T.|state=collapsed}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q662854}}

Category:Taxa named by John Gould

Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

{{Thraupidae-stub}}