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Givat Brenner

{{Short description|Kibbutz in central Israel}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}

{{Infobox Israel village

| name = Givat Brenner

| hebname = גבעת ברנר

| meaning = Brenner Hill

| image = Givat Brenner Aerial View.jpg

| founded = {{start date and age|1928}}

| founded_by = Italian Jews, Lithuanian, Polish and German Jews

| country = {{ISR}}

| district = center

| council = Brenner

| affiliation = Kibbutz Movement

| popyear = {{Israel populations|Year}}

| population = {{Israel populations|Giv'at Brenner}}

| population_footnotes = {{Israel populations|reference}}

| pushpin_map=Israel center ta#Israel |pushpin_mapsize=250

| coordinates = {{coord|31|52|3|N|34|48|12|E|display=inline,title}}

| website = [http://www.gbrener.org.il www.gbrener.org.il]

}}

Givat Brenner ({{langx|he|גבעת ברנר||Brenner Hill}}), is a kibbutz in the Central District of Israel. Located around {{convert|2|km|0|spell=on}} south of Rehovot, it falls under the jurisdiction of Brenner Regional Council. Founded in 1928, it is named after writer Yosef Haim Brenner, who was killed in the Jaffa riots of 1921. In {{Israel populations|Year}} it had a population of {{Israel populations|Giv'at Brenner}}.{{Israel populations|reference}} It is the largest kibbutz in Israel.

History

Givat Brenner was founded in 1928 by Enzo Sereni{{cite web | url = http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/sereni.html | title = Enzo Sereni | publisher = Jewish Virtual Library}} and a group of immigrants from Lithuania, Poland and Germany. That same year, pioneers had settled on some 200 dunams (49.4 acres) of land that had been purchased by Moshe Smilansky from the Arab landholders of Aqir and Zarnuqa.{{cite book |last=Compton |first=Israelah |contribution=Givat Brenner |title=Israel Guide - Sharon, Southern Coastal Plain and Northern Negev (A useful encyclopedia for the knowledge of the country)|volume=6 |publisher=Keter Publishing House, in affiliation with the Israel Ministry of Defence |location=Jerusalem|year=1979|page=116 |language=he|oclc=745203905 }} During World War II, Givat Brenner supplied products such as jam to the British Army, which laid the foundation for its export business.

File:קיבוץ גבעת-ברנר בראשיתו-JNF022265.jpeg|Givat Brenner 1928

File:Flickr - Government Press Office (GPO) - Kibbutz Givat Brener.jpg|Kibbutz Givat Brenner, 1935

File:Givat Brenner factory.jpg|Food canning factory, Givat Brenner, 1939

File:El Ramle 1945.jpg|Givat Brenner 1945 1:250,000

File:Rehovot 1948.jpg|Givat Brenner 1:20,000

File:Giv'at Brenner.jpg|Members of Company H, Palmach, in Giv'at Brenner, 1945

The establishment of an irrigation equipment factory led to the creation of a foundry. The foundry evolved into a specialized aluminum die-casting company, which has produced, among other things, the housings for emergency phones along the New Jersey Turnpike.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}} In 1938, it opened the first kibbutz sanatorium in the country.{{cite news |last=Riba |first=Naama |date=May 20, 2016 |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/business/.premium.MAGAZINE-how-wellness-retreats-for-workers-turned-into-luxury-hotels-1.5385543 |title=How Israel's socialist retreats for workers turned into luxury hotels |newspaper=Haaretz |access-date=April 25, 2019}}

Demographics

According to a census conducted in 1931 by the British Mandate authorities, Givat Brenner had a population of 155 inhabitants and a total of 5 residential houses.Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 20] In 1970 the population was 480."Israel Place List (1970)" in Encyclopedia Judaica. 1. New York: Macmillan, p. 176.

Education

Givat Brenner Regional School serves the communities of the Brenner Regional Council. The offices of the Regional Council are also located in the Kibbutz.

Economy

Givat Brenner's plant nursery supplies turf for lawns and parks. The kibbutz grows cotton, avocado, wheat and corn, and maintains a dairy farm. Industrial ventures include a furniture factory, metalwork factory, canned foods plant and an irrigation equipment factory, which gradually shut down for financial reasons. The 'House of Dreams' amusement park was established to offset waning income from the orchards, plant nurseries and factories, but was eventually closed.{{cite news |url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-2760900,00.html |script-title=he:קיבוץ גבעת ברנר נדרש להרוס את "בית חלומותי"

|last=Sanior |first=Eli |trans-title=Kibbutz Givat Brenner forced to demolish 'House of Dreams' |newspaper=Yedioth Ahronoth |language=he |date=September 18, 2003 |access-date=April 25, 2019}}

Landmarks

The Treasure Museum, in the heart of the kibbutz, opened on the Givat Brenner's seventieth anniversary. It houses a collection of artifacts and photographs that tell the story of the kibbutz pioneers.

Notable people

File:Givat Brenner 008.JPG

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • Gavron, Daniel. The Kibbutz: Awakening from Utopia. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000.

External links

{{Commons category}}

  • [http://www.gbrener.org.il Official website] {{in lang|he}}
  • [http://www.cji.co.il/cji-n021.txt From Socialist Dream to Capitalist Reality] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117091943/http://www.cji.co.il/cji-n021.txt |date=17 November 2015 }} New York Times, April 1998
  • [http://www.givat-brenner.co.il/ http://www.givat-brenner.co.il Givat Brenner website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416111009/http://www.givat-brenner.co.il/ |date=16 April 2016 }}

{{Brenner Regional Council}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:German-Jewish culture in Israel

Category:Kibbutzim

Category:Kibbutz Movement

Category:Populated places established in 1928

Category:Populated places in Central District (Israel)

Category:Polish-Jewish culture in Israel

Category:Lithuanian-Jewish culture in Israel

Category:1928 establishments in Mandatory Palestine