Glossary of spider terms#abdomen

File:Spider external anatomy main en.png

• {{anchor|abdomen}}{{anchor|opisthosoma}}Abdomen or opisthosoma: One of the two main body parts (tagmata), located towards the posterior end; see also Abdomen § Other animals

• {{anchor|accessory claw}}Accessory claw: Modified {{gli|seta|setae}} at the tip of the {{gli|tarsus}} in web-building spiders; used with {{gli|tarsal claw|tarsal claws}} to grip strands of the web{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=20}}

• {{anchor|anal tubercle}}Anal tubercle: A small protuberance (tubercule) above the {{gli|spinneret|spinnerets}} through which the anus opens{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=13}}

• Apodeme: see {{gli|sigillum}}

• {{anchor|apophysis}}Apophysis (plural apophyses): An outgrowth or process changing the general shape of a body part, particularly the appendages; often used in describing the male {{gli|pedipalp}}:{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=13}} see {{gli|retrolateral tibial apophysis|retrolateral tibial apophysis}}

• {{anchor|atrium}}Atrium (plural atria): An internal chamber at the entrance to the {{gli|copulation duct}} in female haplogyne spiders{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=13}}

• {{anchor|bidentate}}Bidentate: Having two {{gli|teeth}}{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=20}}

• {{anchor|book lungs}}Book lungs: Respiratory organs on the ventral side (underside) of the {{gli|abdomen}}, in front of the {{gli|epigastric furrow}}, opening through narrow slits;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=14}} see also Book lungs

• Branchial operculum: see {{gli|operculum}}

• Bulbus: see {{gli|palpal bulb}}

• {{anchor|calamistrum}}Calamistrum (plural calamistra): Modified setae (bristles) on the {{gli|metatarsus}} of the fourth leg of spiders with a {{gli|cribellum}}, arranged in one or more rows or in an oval shape, used to comb silk produced by the cribellum; see also Calamistrum

• Caput (plural capita): see {{gli|cephalic region}}

• {{anchor|carapace}}Carapace: A hardened plate (sclerite) covering the upper (dorsal) portion of the {{gli|cephalothorax}};{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=14}} see also Carapace

• {{anchor|carpoblem}}Carpoblem: The principal {{gli|tibia|tibial}} {{gli|apophysis}} on the male {{gli|pedipalp}}; also just called the tibial apophysis

• {{anchor|cephalic region}}Cephalic region or caput: The front part of the {{gli|cephalothorax}}, separated from the thoracic region by the {{gli|cervical groove}}{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|pp=14–15}}

• {{anchor|cephalothorax}}{{anchor|prosoma}}Cephalothorax or prosoma: One of the two main body parts (tagmata), located towards the anterior end, composed of the head ({{gli|cephalic region}} or caput) and the thorax (thoracic region), the two regions being separated by the {{gli|cervical groove}}; covered by the {{gli|carapace}} and bearing the {{gli|eyes}}, legs, {{gli|pedipalp|pedipalps}} and mouthparts{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=14}}

• {{anchor|cervical groove}}Cervical groove: A shallow U-shaped groove, separating the {{gli|cephalic region|cephalic}} and thoracic regions of the {{gli|carapace}}{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=14}}

• {{anchor|chelate}}Chelate: A description of a {{gli|chelicera}} where the {{gli|fang}} closes against a tooth-like process{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=20}}

• {{anchor|chelicera}}Chelicera (plural chelicerae): One of two appendages at the front of the {{gli|carapace}}, made up of basal portion, the {{gli|paturon}}, and the {{gli|fang}};{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|pp=15, 18}} sometimes called the jaw; see also Chelicerae

• {{anchor|cheliceral furrow}}Cheliceral furrow: A shallow groove on the basal portion of a {{gli|chelicera}} accommodating the {{gli|fang}}, usually having {{gli|teeth}} on its margins{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

• {{anchor|cheliceral tooth}}Cheliceral tooth: A tooth-like extension on the margin of the {{gli|cheliceral furrow}}{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=21}}

• {{anchor|chilum}}Chilum: A small hardened plate (sclerite) at the base of the {{gli|chelicera|chelicerae}}, under the {{gli|clypeus}}{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=21}}

• Claw: see {{gli|tarsal claw}}

• {{anchor|claw tuft}}Claw tuft: A dense group of hairs or bristles (setae) underneath the paired {{gli|tarsal claw|tarsal claws}}, usually well developed in hunting spiders{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

File:Kaldari Habronattus coecatus male 01 cropped.jpg is covered with red scales.]]

• {{anchor|clypeus}}Clypeus: The area of the {{gli|carapace}} between the anterior (frontmost) {{gli|eyes}} and the anterior edge of the carapace{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

• {{anchor|colulus}}Colulus: A short protuberance in the middle of the underside of the {{gli|abdomen}} in front of the {{gli|spinneret|spinnerets}}, considered to be a modification of the {{gli|cribellum}}{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

• Conductor: see {{gli|palpal bulb}}

• {{anchor|copulatory duct}}{{anchor|copulation duct}}Copulatory duct: An internal tube (duct) from the {{gli|copulatory opening}} through which sperm enters the female; separate from the duct through which fertilized eggs pass in entelegyne spiders{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=230–231}}

• {{anchor|copulatory opening}}Copulatory opening: An opening in the ventral {{gli|abdomen}} of female spiders; in entelegyne spiders, a double opening in the {{gli|epigyne}} through which the {{gli|embolus}} is inserted; in haplogyne spiders, a single opening through which male {{gli|palpal bulb}} is inserted{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

• Coxa: see {{gli|segments}}

• {{anchor|crenulate}}Crenulate: Having longitudinal ridges{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=21}}

• {{anchor|cribellum}}Cribellum: A sieve-like plate in front of the {{gli|spinneret|spinnerets}}, used in conjunction with the {{gli|calamistrum}}; spiders with a cribellum are called cribellate, those without ecribellate;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|pp=14–15}} see also Cribellum

• {{anchor|cuspule}}Cuspule: A small spiny outgrowth ("wart") on the {{gli|endite|endites}} and {{gli|labium}} of Mygalomorphae{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=21}}

• {{anchor|cymbium}}Cymbium (plural cymbia): The end part of the {{gli|tarsus}} of the {{gli|pedipalp}} in a mature male, usually hollowed out and bearing the {{gli|palpal bulb}}{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

• {{anchor|dionychous}}Dionychous: With two {{gli|tarsal claw|claws}} on the {{gli|tarsus}} of each leg;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}} a feature of spiders in the clade Dionycha

• Dorsal groove: see {{gli|fovea}}

• {{anchor|dorsum}}{{anchor|dorsal}}Dorsum: The upper (dorsal) portion or surface of the body or {{gli|abdomen}}; the adjective dorsal may be applied to the upper portion or surface of any part of the body; see {{gli|ventrum}}

• Ecribellate: see {{gli|cribellum}}

• Embolus: see {{gli|palpal bulb}}

• Endite: see {{gli|maxilla}}

• {{anchor|endosternite}}Endosternite: An internal hardened plate (sclerite){{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=22}}

• {{anchor|entelegyne}}Entelegyne: A spider whose female has an {{gli|epigyne}} and separate ducts leading to {{gli|spermatheca|spermathecae}} for sperm storage and to the uterus for fertilization,{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}} creating a "flow-through" system; see {{gli|haplogyne}}; see also Entelegynae

File:Spider eyes labelled en.svg

File:Salticidae eyes labelled en.svg, viewed from above]]

• {{anchor|epigastric furrow}}Epigastric furrow or epigastric fold: A transverse slit towards the front (anterior) of underside of the {{gli|abdomen}}; the front pair of {{gli|book lungs}} open at the edge of this furrow as do the genital openings ({{gli|gonopore|gonopores}}){{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=17}}

• {{anchor|epigyne}}{{anchor|epigynum}}Epigyne or epigynum (plural epigynes): A hardened plate on the underside of the female {{gli|abdomen}} in which the {{gli|copulatory opening|copulatory openings}} are located; only fully developed in mature females of {{gli|entelegyne}} spiders;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}} see also Epigyne

• {{anchor|eyes}}{{anchor|eye}}Eyes: The basic number of eyes is eight, typically arranged in two rows (e.g. as in Gnaphosidae); the front row are the anterior eyes, the row behind the posterior eyes; the four eyes to the edges are the lateral eyes, the four eyes in the centre the median eyes; the anterior median eyes are called the main eyes or direct eyes, while the other eyes are called the secondary eyes or indirect eyes; the number of eyes, their sizes and arrangement varies widely and is characteristic of spider families; see {{gli|main eye}}, {{gli|secondary eye}}

• {{anchor|fang}}Fang: The final hinged part of the {{gli|chelicera}}, normally folded down into a groove in the basal part of the chelicera; venom is injected via an opening near the tip of the fang{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|p=21}}

• Femur: see {{gli|segments}}

• {{anchor|fertilization duct}}Fertilization duct: A duct in female {{gli|entelegyne}} spiders leading from the {{gli|spermatheca|spermathecae}} to the uterus{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=17}}

File:Larinioides_cornutus_2006-07-05.jpg

• {{anchor|folium}}Folium: A broad leaf-like marking along the medial line of the top of the {{gli|abdomen}}

• {{anchor|fossa}}Fossa (plural fossae): A pit or depression, typically in the {{gli|epigyne}}{{sfnp|Ubick|Paquin|Cushing|Roth|2009|p=265}}

• {{anchor|fovea}}Fovea (also called thoracic furrow or dorsal groove): A depression or pit in the centre of the {{gli|carapace}} of a spider marking an inward projection of the exoskeleton to which stomach muscles are attached{{sfnp|Roberts|1995|pp=13–14}}{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=17–18}}

• Genital opening: see {{gli|gonopore}}

• Gnathocoxa: see {{gli|maxilla}}

• {{anchor|gonopore}}Gonopore: The genital opening; located in the epigastric furrow; the opening of the duct from the uterus in females and from the testes in males;{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=22}} see also Gonopore

• Gravid: A fertilised female with an enlarged abdomen section right before egg laying has begun.

• Haematodocha (also spelled hematodocha): see {{gli|palpal bulb}}

• {{anchor|haplogyne}}Haplogyne: A spider whose female lacks an {{gli|epigyne}} and in which the same ducts are used to transport sperm to the uterus and to the {{gli|spermatheca|spermathecae}};{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=16}} see {{gli|entelegyne}}; see also Haplogynae

• {{anchor|heart mark}}Heart mark: A narrow marking along the top of the {{gli|abdomen}} roughly corresponding to the location of the heart

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• {{anchor|labio-sternum mound}}Labio-sternum mound: A mound separating the {{gli|labium}} from the {{gli|sternum}}, found in some tarantulas, where it can be a diagnostic feature{{sfnp|Smith|1990}}

• {{anchor|labium}}Labium (plural labia): A hardened plate (sclerite) between the {{gli|maxilla|maxillae}} at the front of the {{gli|sternum}};{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=17}} see also Arthropod mouthparts: Labium

• Labrum: see {{gli|rostrum}}

• {{anchor|lateral}}Lateral (applied to appendages): Viewed from above or below, the sides of the leg or {{gli|pedipalp}}, i.e. the surfaces parallel to the line of sight; see {{gli|prolateral}}, {{gli|retrolateral}}

• {{anchor|laterigrade}}Laterigrade: With legs directed to the side, hence appearing like and moving like a crab;{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=23}} see {{gli|prograde}}

• {{anchor|leg formula}}Leg formula: The legs are numbered from the front from I to IV; the relative length of the legs can be represented by four numbers from the longest to the shortest; e.g. 1423 = first leg (leg I) is longest and third leg (leg III) is shortest{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=23}}

• Leg parts or segments: see {{gli|segments}}

• {{anchor|main eye}}Main eye: One of the two anterior median eyes (AME) that have the light-detecting units (rhabdomeres) pointing towards the source; particularly enlarged in the families Salticidae and Thomisidae;{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=102–103}} see {{gli|secondary eye}}, {{gli|eyes}}

• {{anchor|mastidion}}Mastidion (plural mastidia): A projection or bump on the chelicerae (not to be confused with {{gli|teeth}})

• {{anchor|maxilla}}{{anchor|endite}}{{anchor|gnathocoxa}}Maxilla (plural maxillae; also called endite or gnathocoxa): Modified {{gli|coxa}} of the {{gli|pedipalp}}, used in feeding;{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=17–18}}{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}} not the structure called by this name in other arthropods, for which see Maxilla (arthropod mouthpart)

• Metatarsus: see {{gli|segments}}

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• {{anchor|ocular area}}Ocular area or ocular quadrangle: The area of the {{gli|carapace}} which includes the {{gli|eyes}}.
• {{anchor|operculum}}Operculum or branchial operculum (plural opercula): One of the plates on the {{gli|venter|ventral}} surface of the {{gli|abdomen}}, just in front of the {{gli|epigastric furrow}}, covering the {{gli|book lung|book lungs}}, often pale, yellow or orange in colour; two pairs in Mygalomorphae, one pair in other spiders{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=20}}

• Opisthosoma: see {{gli|abdomen}}

• Palp: see {{gli|pedipalp}}

File:Araneae palpal bulb diagram en.png

• {{anchor|palpal bulb}}{{anchor|bulbus}}{{anchor|palpal organ}}Palpal bulb (also called bulbus, palpal organ, genital bulb): The copulatory organ of the male spider, carried on the modified last segment of the {{gli|pedipalp}}, used to transfer sperm to the female;{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=226–227}} see also Palpal bulb

:* {{anchor|conductor}}Conductor: A part of the palpal bulb that accompanies and supports the embolus{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

:* {{anchor|embolus}}Embolus: The final part of the palpal bulb containing the end of the sperm duct, usually thin, sharp-tipped and strongly hardened (sclerotized){{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=15}}

:* {{anchor|haematodocha}}Haematodocha (plural haematodochae): A membranous, inflatable part of the palpal bulb{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=17}}

:* {{anchor|median apophysis}}Median apophysis: A projection (apophysis) of the palpal bulb, below the conductor

:* {{anchor|subtegulum}}Subtegulum: A hardened part of the palpal bulb nearer its base than the tegulum

:* {{anchor|tegulum}}Tegulum: The main hardened part of the palpal bulb

• {{anchor|paracymbium}}Paracymbium: An outgrowth of the {{gli|cymbium}} on the male {{gli|pedipalp}}{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|pp=18–19}}

• Patella: see {{gli|segments}}

• {{anchor|paturon}}Paturon: The basal segment of a {{gli|chelicera}} to which the {{gli|fang}} connects{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}

• {{anchor|pedicel}}{{anchor|petiolus}}Pedicel or petiolus: The narrow connection between the {{gli|cephalothorax}} and {{gli|abdomen}}{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}

• {{anchor|pedipalp}}Pedipalp (plural pedipalps or pedipalpi; also called just palp): The second appendage of the {{gli|cephalothorax}} in front of the first leg; bears the {{gli|palpal bulb}} in male spiders;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=17}} see {{gli|segments}}, see also Pedipalp

• {{anchor|plumose}}Plumose: Used to describe hairs ({{gli|seta|setae}}) having outgrowths or appendages on two sides, giving a feather-like appearance; the appendages vary in number, size and arrangement{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Zakharov |first1=Boris |last2=Ovtsharenko |first2=Vladimir |date=2015 |title=The covering setae of ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) |journal=Arachnologische Mitteilungen |volume=49 |pages=34–46 |doi=10.5431/aramit4904 |url=http://www.european-arachnology.org/wdp/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/AM49_34-46_Zakharov2.pdf |access-date=2017-09-28 |name-list-style=amp |archive-date=2017-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193533/http://www.european-arachnology.org/wdp/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/AM49_34-46_Zakharov2.pdf |url-status=dead }}

• {{anchor|pluridentate}}Pluridentate: Having multiple {{gli|teeth}}

• {{anchor|postembryo}}Postembryo (also called larva): The stage of development between hatching from the egg and first molting

• {{anchor|preening brush}}{{anchor|preening comb}}Preening brush: a dense cluster of {{gli|seta|setae}} near the {{gli|ventral}} tip of the posterior {{gli|metatarsus|metatarsi}}; called a preening comb when present as a transverse row of setae.{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}

• {{anchor|procurved}}Procurved: Used to describe a structure which is curved in such a way that the outer edges are in front of the central part;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}} opposite {{gli|recurved}}

• {{anchor|prolateral}}Prolateral: Viewed from above or below, the side of a leg or {{gli|pedipalp}} nearest the mouth, i.e. the side facing forward; opposite {{gli|retrolateral}} (includes diagram)

• {{anchor|promarginal}}Promarginal: The side of the {{gli|cheliceral furrow}} facing forward; particularly used for describing {{gli|teeth}}; opposite {{gli|retromarginal}}

• Prosoma: see {{gli|cephalothorax}}

{{anchor|Q}}

• {{anchor|rastellum}}Rastellum (plural rastella): An often rake-like structure at end of the {{gli|chelicera}} in mygalomorph spiders; used in burrowing{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}

• {{anchor|rebordered}}Rebordered: Having a thickened edge (i.e. border){{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=24}} (more rarely seen as reborded, from the French {{lang|fr|rebordé}}, e.g. in Levy (1984){{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Levy |first1=G. |date=1984 |title=The Spider Genera Singa and Hypsosinga (Araneae, Araneidae) in Israel |journal=Zoologica Scripta |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=121–133 |doi=10.1111/j.1463-6409.1984.tb00029.x |s2cid=84218389 }}); particularly used of the {{gli|labium}}

File:Spider surfaces labelled en.svg

• Receptaculum (plural receptacula): see {{gli|spermatheca}}

• {{anchor|recurved}}Recurved: Used to describe a structure which is curved in such a way that the outer edges are behind the central part;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}} opposite {{gli|procurved}}

• {{anchor|retrolateral}}Retrolateral: Viewed from above or below, the side of a leg or {{gli|pedipalp}} furthest from the mouth, i.e. the side facing backwards; opposite {{gli|prolateral}}

• {{anchor|retrolateral tibial apophysis}}{{anchor|RTA}}Retrolateral tibial apophysis: A backward-facing projection on the tibia of the male {{gli|pedipalp}}; distinguishing feature of the RTA clade

• {{anchor|retromarginal}}Retromarginal: The side of the {{gli|cheliceral furrow}} facing backward (towards the posterior end of the spider); particularly used for describing {{gli|teeth}}; opposite {{gli|promarginal}}

• {{anchor|rostrum}}{{anchor|labrum}}Rostrum (also called labrum): A component (the "upper lip") of the mouthparts, concealed by the {{gli|chelicera|chelicerae}};{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=17}} see also Arthropod mouthparts: Labrum

• {{anchor|scape}}Scape: An elongated process or appendage of some {{gli|epigyne|epigyne}}{{sfnp|Ubick|Paquin|Cushing|Roth|2009|p=271}}

• {{anchor|sclerite}}Sclerite: A single hardened (sclerotized) part of the external covering (tegument, exoskeleton){{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=24}}

• {{anchor|scopula}}Scopula (plural scopulae): A brush of hairs (setae); called a {{gli|claw tuft}} when on the end of the foot (tarsus), where it improves adhesion{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|p=27}}

• {{anchor|scutum}}Scutum (plural scuta): A hardened (sclerotized) plate on the {{gli|abdomen}} of some spiders

• {{anchor|secondary eye}}Secondary eye: An eye belonging to the three pairs – anterior lateral eyes (ALE), posterior median eyes (PME) and posterior lateral eyes (PLE) – that are primarily movement detectors and have the light-detecting units (rhabdomeres) pointing away from the source;{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=103–104}} see {{gli|main eye}}, {{gli|eyes}}

File:Spider external anatomy appendages en.png

• {{anchor|segments}}Segments or articles of the legs and {{gli|pedipalp|pedipalps}}:

:* {{anchor|coxa}}Coxa (plural coxae): First leg segment, between body and trochanter; the coxa of the {{gli|pedipalp}} is heavily modified to form the {{gli|maxilla}} or endite

:* {{anchor|trochanter}}Trochanter: Second leg segment, between coxa and femur

:* {{anchor|femur}}Femur (plural femora): Third leg segment, between trochanter and patella

:* {{anchor|patella}}Patella (plural patellae): Fourth leg segment, between femur and tibia

:* {{anchor|tibia}}Tibia (plural tibiae): Fifth leg segment, between patella and metatarsus

:* {{anchor|metatarsus}}Metatarsus (plural metatarsi; also called basitarsus): Sixth leg segment, between tibia and tarsus; absent in the {{gli|pedipalp}}

:* {{anchor|tarsus}}Tarsus (plural tarsi; also called telotarsus): Seventh (last) leg segment, after the metatarsus

• {{anchor|serrula}}Serrula: A row of tiny teeth along the edge of the {{gli|maxilla}}

• {{anchor|seta}}Seta (plural setae): A bristle;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}} spiders have a variety of hair-like structures of increasing size that are referred to as hairs, bristles (setae) or {{gli|spine|spines}}{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=84–101}}

• {{anchor|sigillum}}Sigillum (plural sigilla): A circular indentation on the outside of the spider, showing where an internal muscle is attached;{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=41, 43}} particularly on the {{gli|sternum}} in some Mygalomorphae and on the {{gli|dorsum}} in some Araneomorphae{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}

• {{anchor|sperm duct}}Sperm duct: A duct in the male {{gli|palpal bulb}} used to store sperm{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}

• {{anchor|spermatheca}}{{anchor|receptulacum}}Spermatheca (plural spermathecae; also called receptulacum, receptulacum seminis): A structure in the {{gli|abdomen}} of female spiders used to store sperm after insemination and before fertilization;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}} see also Spermatheca

• {{anchor|spigot}}Spigot: A small pointed or cylindrical structure at the tip of a {{gli|spinneret}} from which silk emerges{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=18}}

• {{anchor|spine}}Spine: A pointed, rigid structure on body and legs, usually with a basal joint;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=19}} spiders have a variety of hair-like structures of increasing size that are referred to as hairs, bristles (setae) or spines{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=84–101}}

• {{anchor|spinneret}}Spinneret: An appendage borne on the {{gli|abdomen}}, typically one of six arranged in three pairs: anterior (anterior median, AMS), median (posterior median, PMS) and posterior (posterior lateral, PLS); silk emerges from small {{gli|spigot|spigots}} on the spinnerets;{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=19}}{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=20}} see also Spinneret

• {{anchor|sternum}}Sternum: The lower (ventral) portion of the {{gli|cephalothorax}}

• {{anchor|stridulating organ}}Stridulating organ: A series of thin ridges on a hardened part of the body; rubbing this with a matching series of short, stiff bristles (setae) elsewhere on the body creates a sound{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=19}}

• {{anchor|subadult}}Subadult: A spider in the last stage of development (penultimate instar) before becoming a sexually mature adult

• Subtegulum: see {{gli|palpal bulb}}

• {{anchor|tapetum}}Tapetum (plural tapeta): A light-reflecting layer in a {{gli|secondary eye}} making the eye appear pale{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=19}}

• {{anchor|tarsal claw}}Tarsal claw (claw): One of a set of claws at the tip of the {{gli|tarsus}}; there may be a single pair, often concealed in a {{gli|claw tuft}}, or an additional third central claw, much smaller than the other two{{sfnp|Saaristo|2010|p=19}}

• {{anchor|tarsal organ}}Tarsal organ: a small pit, usually spherical and on the {{gli|dorsal}} surface of each {{gli|tarsus}}, believed to respond to humidity{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|p=36}}

• Tarsus: see {{gli|segments}}

• {{anchor|teeth}}Teeth: Pointed growths or bumps along the margins of the {{gli|cheliceral furrow}}

• Tegulum: see {{gli|palpal bulb}}

• Thoracic furrow: see {{gli|fovea}}

• Tibia: see {{gli|segments}}

• {{anchor|trachea}}{{anchor|tracheal spiracle}}Trachea (plural tracheae): A thin hardened internal tube, part of the respiratory system in many araneomorph spiders; opens on the underside of the {{gli|abdomen}} via a tracheal spiracle;{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=26}} see Trachea § Invertebrates

• {{anchor|trichobothrium}} Trichobothrium (plural trichobothria): A slender hair-like structure of variable length on the legs and {{gli|pedipalps}}, arising from a special socket; used to detect air movements, including sounds;{{sfnp|Foelix|2011|pp=89–92}} see {{gli|seta}}, {{gli|spine}}

• Trochanter: see {{gli|segments}}

• {{anchor|unidentate}}Unidentate: Having a single tooth

{{anchor|W}}{{anchor|X}}{{anchor|Y}}{{anchor|Z}}

• {{anchor|venter}}{{anchor|ventrum}}{{anchor|ventral}}Venter (or ventrum): The lower (ventral) portion or surface of the body or {{gli|abdomen}}; the adjective ventral may be applied to the lower portion or surface of any part of the body; see {{gli|dorsum}}
• {{anchor|vulva}}Vulva: The internal copulatory organs of a female spider, including the {{gli|copulatory duct|copulatory ducts}}, {{gli|spermatheca|spermathecae}}, and {{gli|fertilization duct|fertilization ducts}}{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=26}}

Some abbreviations commonly found in descriptions of spider anatomy include:

• {{anchor|ALE}}ALE: anterior lateral eyes{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=20}} → {{gli|eyes}}
• {{anchor|ALS}}ALS: anterior lateral spinnerets → {{gli|spinneret}}
• {{anchor|AME}}AME: anterior median eyes{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=20}} → {{gli|eyes}}
• {{anchor|DTA}}DTA: dorsal tegular apophysis, {{gli|apophysis}} on the back of the {{gli|tegulum}}
• {{anchor|DTiA}}DTiA: dorsal tibial apophysis, {{gli|apophysis}} on the back of a {{gli|tibia}}
• {{anchor|ITC}}ITC: inferior tarsal claw → {{gli|tarsal claw}}
• {{anchor|LTA}}LTA: lateral tegular apophysis, apophysis on the side of the {{gli|tegulum}}
• {{anchor|MOQ}}MOQ: median ocular quadrangle, the quadrangle formed by the four median eyes,{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=23}} → {{gli|eyes}}
• {{anchor|PLE}}PLE: posterior lateral eyes{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=24}} → {{gli|eyes}}
• {{anchor|PLS}}PLS: posterior lateral spinnerets → {{gli|spinneret}}
• {{anchor|PME}}PME: posterior median eyes{{sfnp|Jocqué|Dippenaar-Schoeman|2007|p=24}} → {{gli|eyes}}
• {{anchor|PMS}}PMS: posterior median spinnerets → {{gli|spinneret}}
• {{anchor|RCF}}RCF: retrolateral cymbial fold, fold on the {{gli|retrolateral}} surface of the {{gli|cymbium}}
• {{anchor|RTA}}RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis, {{gli|apophysis}} on the {{gli|retrolateral}} surface of a {{gli|tibia}}
• {{anchor|STC}}STC: superior tarsal claw → {{gli|tarsal claw}}
• {{anchor|VTA}}VTA: ventral tegular apophysis, {{gli|apophysis}} on the underside of the {{gli|tegulum}}
• {{anchor|VTiA}}VTiA: ventral tibial apophysis, {{gli|apophysis}} on the lower surface of a {{gli|tibia}}

• Spider anatomy
• Glossary of entomology terms
• Anatomical terms of location

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |title=The Spider Book |first=John Henry |last=Comstock |publisher=Doubleday, Page & Company |year=1920 |orig-year=First published 1912 }}
• {{Cite book |last=Foelix |first=Rainer F. |year=2011 |title=Biology of Spiders |edition=3rd p/b |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-973482-5 }}
• {{Cite book |last1=Jocqué |first1=R. |last2=Dippenaar-Schoeman |first2=A.S. |date=2007 |title=Spider Families of the World |edition=2nd |publication-place=Tervuren (Belgium) |publisher=Royal Museum for Central Africa |url=https://www.africamuseum.be/sites/default/files/media/docs/research/publications/rmca/online/zoology-documentation/spider-families_of_the_world.pdf |access-date=2019-07-04 |name-list-style=amp }}
• {{Cite book |last=Roberts |first=Michael J. |year=1995 |title=Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe |publication-place=London |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-00-219981-0 }}
• {{Cite book |last1=Saaristo |first1=M.I. |date=2010 |contribution=Araneae |editor1-last=Gerlach |editor1-first=J. |editor2-last=Marusik |editor2-first=Y. |title=Arachnida and Myriapoda of the Seychelles Islands |pages=8–306 |publication-place=Manchester, UK |publisher=Siri Scientific Press |isbn=978-0-9558636-8-4 |name-list-style=amp }}
• {{Cite book |last=Smith |first=A.M. |date=1990 |title=Baboon spiders: Tarantulas of Africa and the Middle East |publisher=Fitzgerald Publishing |publication-place=London }}
• {{cite book |editor1-last=Ubick |editor1-first=Darrell |editor2-last=Paquin |editor2-first=Pierre |editor3-last=Cushing |editor3-first=Paula E. |editor4-last=Roth |editor4-first=Vincent |title=Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual |date=2009 |publisher=American Arachnological Society |isbn=978-0977143900 |edition=1st }}

Spider terms

Category:Wikipedia glossaries using unordered lists