Government of East Pakistan

{{Short description|Defunct government of Pakistan}}

{{About|a defunct government|its successor|Government of Bangladesh}}

{{ Infobox executive government

| background_color = #006400

| government_name = Government of East Pakistan

| nativename = পূর্ব পাকিস্তান সরকার
حکومتِ مشرقی پاکستان

| border = Devolved

| image = Emblem of East Pakistan (1970–1971).svg

| image_size = 170px

| caption = Emblem (1970–1971)

| date_established = {{Start date|df=yes|1947}}

| date_dissolved = {{End date|df=yes|1971}}

| state = Dominion of Pakistan (1947–1955)
Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1955–1971)

| address = East Pakistan Secretariat, Dacca

| leader_title = Chief Minister

| appointed = President of Pakistan

| budget =

| main_organ = Cabinet of East Pakistan

| ministries =

| responsible = East Pakistan Provincial Assembly

| url =

}}

The Government of East Pakistan or formerly Government of East Bengal governed the province East Bengal (later East Pakistan, now Bangladesh) and was centered in its provincial capital Dhaka. The head of the province was the Governor, who was nominated by the President of Pakistan. While the head of the province of East Pakistan was the Chief Minister who was elected by the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly.

The East Pakistani government was dominated by the Awami League.{{cite book|title=Politics in Bangladesh: A Study of Awami League, 1949-58|first=M. Bhaskaran|last=Nair|publisher=Northern Book Centre|isbn=9788185119793|date=1990|page=227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mB9N4oxuSY8C&pg=PA227}} It was succeeded by the Government of Bangladesh following the province's secession in 1971.

Cabinets

=Haque Ministry=

Awami League accepted A.K. Fazlul Haque of Krishak Sramik Party as the Chief Minister of the province in the Parliamentary meeting on 2 April 1954, forced by Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman, the then governor of East Bengal, to form the provincial government. However, on the same day, without consulting the provincial council meeting, Haque announced three persons as ministers of the province according to his own wish. Awami League, the majority party of the United Front, could not accept this.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=16}}

On the 30th of the same month, Haque's speech in Calcutta, India highlighted the similarity between the two Bengals, which drew criticism in Pakistan.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=17}} Under the pressure of criticism, Haque announced the names of 10 more ministers to improve relations with Awami League, 7 of whom were members of Awami League. However, on May 30, the central government dissolved the United Front cabinet and imposed Governor's rule in East Bengal.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=18}}

=Sarker Ministry=

After the removal of Governor's rule on 5 June 1955, the Krishak Sramik Party and the Awami League formed the next cabinet.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=19}} Although he announced his retirement from politics on 24 July 1954, on 11 August 1955 A.K. Fazlul Haque became the Home Minister{{sfn|Saeed|pp=19-20}} and Abu Hussain Sarkar was the Chief Minister of the new cabinet.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=21}} In the session of the Provincial Council dated 13 August 1956, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman moved a motion of no confidence against the Second United Front Cabinet. However, on August 14, when A.K. Fazlul Haque, Governor of East Pakistan, announced the suspension of the session of the Provincial Council for an indefinite period, the Awami League started a movement against the governor.

On August 15, three cabinet ministers resigned.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=22}} In the face of strong protests, the Governor convened a session of the East Pakistan Provincial Council on 26 August. On 4 September 1956, after East Pakistan Rifles fired at an Awami League rally, killing 4 people and injuring several others, protests broke out in Dhaka in response. In such a situation, Section 144 was issued and the leaders of Krishak Sramik Party went into hiding.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=23}}

=Khan Ministry=

In view of the events of September 1956, the governor ordered the Awami League to form a cabinet.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=23}} On 5 September 1956, the Awami League in East Pakistan formed the second ministry in the province. This ministry, which lasted for about two years, was abolished on 24 September 1958.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=16}} At that time, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was simultaneously a member of the working committee of Awami League and the Minister of Industries of East Pakistan, which was against the constitution of Awami League. So he resigned from the post of Minister of Industry. As Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani resigned from Awami League and formed the National Awami Party, a section of Awami League members joined Bhasani's party. In March 1957, Governor Haque amended the law to reduce the no confidence vote from 130 to 104.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=24}}

On March 21, 1958, two days after 11 Awami League leaders left the party, the Abu Hossain government moved a motion of no confidence against the Khan cabinet. However, the no-confidence motion was rejected due to lack of sufficient votes.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=25}}

AK Fazlul Haque dismissed the Khan cabinet and installed a new cabinet of the Abu Hussain Sarker on 31 March, but the Khan cabinet was reinstated on the same day after Haque was dismissed by Feroz Khan Noon's administration.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=26}}

On 19 June 1958, Ataur Rahman Khan's cabinet fell due to a no-confidence motion.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=26}}

Abu Hussain Sarker's ministry was ousted by a no-confidence vote on the day it formed the ministry on June 20.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=26}}

After Ataur Rahman Khan's cabinet came to power, governor's rule was imposed in the province on June 25 for 2 months.{{sfn|Saeed|pp=27}}

=Malik ministry=

{{Main|Malik ministry}}

Governance

After absorption into the Dominion of Pakistan, the province of East Pakistan (former East Bengal) was administered by a ceremonial Governor and an indirectly elected Chief Minister. During the year from May 1954 to August 1955, executive powers were exercised by the Governor and there was no Chief Minister.

Governor

{{Main|Governor of East Pakistan}}

Political Party

{{Legend|{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}|Muslim League}}

{{Legend|{{party color|Krishak Sramik Party}}|Krishak Sramik Party}}

{{Legend|gray|Independent}}

{{Tree list}}

{{Tree list/end}}

Legend

{{Legend|#e6e6aa|Acting Governor}}

{{Legend|pink|Functioned and exercised power as Governor by the order of president without being appointed as one}}

= Governors of East Bengal =

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"

|+List of Governors of East Bengal

! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |#

! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |Portrait

! rowspan="2" |Governor

! colspan="3" |Term of office

! rowspan="2" |Political Party

! rowspan="2" |Governor General/

President

Term Start

!Term End

!Time in Office

style="background-color: gray; color:white" |1

|168x168px

|Sir Frederick Chalmers Bourne

(1891-1977)

|{{Date table sorting|1947|8|15||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=frederick - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/frederick1.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409094140/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/frederick1.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1950|4|5|format=dmy}}{{Cite news |date=6 April 1950 |title=স্যার ফেডরিকের স্বদেশ যাত্রা |trans-title=Sir Frederick's Journey Home |url=https://songramernotebook.com/archives/254510 |access-date=21 February 2025 |work=The Azad |pages=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520015652/https://songramernotebook.com/archives/254510 |archive-date=20 May 2022 |language=Bengali}}

|{{ayd|15 August 1947|April 5, 1950}}

|Independent

(British

Administrator)

| style="padding:0;" |

----

style="background:#e6e6aa;"

| style="background-color:gray; color:white;" |[-]

|164x164px

|Justice

A.S.M. Akram (Acting){{Efn|A.S.M. Akram was appointed Acting Governor during the leave of absence of Sir Frederick Chalmers Bourne|group=lower-roman}}

(1888-1968)

|{{Date table sorting|1949|3|16|format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=akram - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/akram.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409094129/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/akram.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1949|4|25

format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|16 March 1949|25 April 1949}}

|Independent

|Khawaja Nazimuddin

style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white" |2

|146x146px

|Sir Feroz Khan Noon

(1893-1970)

|{{Date table sorting|1950|4|5||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=firozkhan - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/firozkhan.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409094134/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/firozkhan.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}{{Cite news |date=6 April 1950 |title=পূর্ব পাকিস্তানের নবনিযুক্ত গভার্নর এর ঢাকা আগমন |trans-title=The Newly Appointed Governor of East Pakistan Arrives in Dhaka |url=https://songramernotebook.com/archives/254510 |work=The Azad |pages=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520015652/https://songramernotebook.com/archives/254510 |archive-date=20 May 2022 |language=Bengali}}

|{{Date table sorting|1953|3|26||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|April 5, 1950|March 26, 1953}}

|Muslim League

| style="padding:0;" |

----

style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white;" |[-]

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |160x160px

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |Abdur Rahman Siddiqui

(Acting){{Efn|Abdur Rahman Siddiqui was appointed Acting Governor during the leave of absence of Sir Feroz Khan Noon|group=lower-roman}}

(1887-1953)

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |{{Date table sorting|1952|7|25

format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=abdurrahman - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/abdurrahman.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409094124/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/abdurrahman.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |{{Date table sorting|1952|11|10

format=dmy}}

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |{{ayd|25 July 1952|10 November 1952}}

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |Muslim League

| rowspan="5" |Malik Ghulam Muhammad

style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white" |3

|120x120px

|Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman

(1889-1973)

|{{Date table sorting|1953|4|4||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=khaliquzzaman - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/khaliquzzaman.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409072315/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/khaliquzzaman.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1954|5|30||format=dmy}}{{Efn|With the dismissal of the United Front Ministry in East Bengal, Governor General Malik Ghulam Muhammad decided to enforce Governor's Rule in the province and appointed Iskander Mirza as Governor|name=United Front|group=lower-roman}}

|{{ayd|April 4, 1953|May 30, 1954}}

|Muslim League

style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white" |4

|184x184px

|Iskander Mirza

(1899-1969)

|{{Date table sorting|1954|5|30||format=dmy}}{{Efn|name=United Front|group=lower-roman}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=iskandermirza - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/iskandermirza.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409074117/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/iskandermirza.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1954|09|21||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|30 May 1954|September 21, 1954}}

|Muslim League

style="background:#e6e6aa;"

| style="background-color:gray; color:white;" |[-]

|164x164px

|Justice

Sir Thomas Hobart Ellis (Acting){{Efn|Sir Thomas Hobart Ellis was appointed Acting Governor when Iskander Mirza was taken into the central cabinet as Minister|group=lower-roman}}

(1894-1981)

|Appointment:{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=hobartellis - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/hobartellis.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409074112/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/hobartellis.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

{{Date table sorting|1954|09|21

format=dmy}}

----Sworn in:

{{Date table sorting|1954|10|25

format=dmy}}

|{{Date table sorting|1954|12|22

format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|September 21, 1954|December 22, 1954}}

|Independent

style="background-color: gray; color:white" |[-]

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |164x164px

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |Justice

Muhammad Shahabuddin (Acting){{Efn|Muhammad Shahabuddin was appointed after Acting Governor after Sir Thomas Hobart Ellis|group=lower-roman}}

(1895-1971)

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |{{Date table sorting|1954|12|22||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=shahabuddin - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/shahabuddin1.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081212/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/shahabuddin1.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |{{Date table sorting|1955|6|14||format=dmy}}{{Efn|Justice Shahabuddin resigned due to differences of opinion about the restoration of parliamentary government in East Bengal|group=lower-roman}}

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |{{ayd|22 December 1954|14 June 1955}}

| style="background:#e6e6aa;" |Independent

style="background:#e6e6aa;"

| style="background-color:gray; color:white;" |[-]

|164x164px

|Justice

Amiruddin Ahmad (Acting){{Efn|Justice Amiruddin Ahmad, Chief Justice of Dhaka High Court, was appointed acting Governor on the resignation of Justice Muhammad Shahabuddin|group=lower-roman}}

(1895-1965)

|{{Date table sorting|1955|6|14

format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=amiruddin - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/amiruddin.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081002/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/amiruddin.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|As Governor of East Bengal:

{{Date table sorting|1955|10|14

format=dmy}}

----As Governor of East Pakistan:

{{Date table sorting|1956|3|9

format=dmy}}

|As Governor of East Bengal:

{{ayd|14 June 1955|October 14, 1955}}

----As Governor of Eastern Wing:

{{ayd|14 June 1955|March 9, 1956}}

|Independent

|Malik Ghulam Muhammad

----Iskander Mirza

{{notelist-lr}}

= Governors of East Pakistan =

In late 1955, the prime minister Mohammad Ali Bogra initiated the One Unit policy which resulted in East Bengal province being renamed to East Pakistan

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"

|+List of Governors of East Pakistan

! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |#

! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |Portrait

! rowspan="2" |Governor

! colspan="3" |Term of office

! rowspan="2" |Political Party

! rowspan="2" |President

Term Start

!Term End

!Time in Office

style="background-color:gray; color:white;" |[-]

|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|164x164px

|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|Justice

Amiruddin Ahmad (Acting){{Efn|Justice Amiruddin Ahmad, Chief Justice of Dhaka High Court, was appointed acting Governor on the resignation of Justice Muhammad Shahabuddin|group=upper-roman}}

(1895-1965)

|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|As Governor of East Pakistan:

{{Date table sorting|1955|10|14

format=dmy}}

----As Governor of East Bengal:

{{Date table sorting|1955|6|14

}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=amiruddin - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/amiruddin.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081002/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/amiruddin.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|{{Date table sorting|1956|3|9||format=dmy}}

|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|As Governor of East Pakistan:

{{ayd|October 14, 1955|March 9, 1956}}

----As Governor of Eastern Wing :

{{ayd|14 June 1955|March 9, 1956}}

|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|Independent

| rowspan="4" |Iskander Mirza

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Krishak Sramik Party}}; color:white" |1

|160x160px

|Sher-e-Bangla A. K. Fazlul Huq

(1873 - 1962)

|{{Date table sorting|1956|3|9||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=fazluhuq - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/fazluhuq.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081037/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/fazluhuq.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|3|31||format=dmy}}{{Efn|President Iskander Mirza removed A. K. Fazlul Huq as governor on 31 March 1958 on the advice of the Noon cabinet for allegedly overstepping his limits as a constitutional Governor. Huq had dismissed Ataur Rahman's Ministry of Awami League that had not been defeated on the floor of the House, and had installed Mr. Abu Hussain Sarkar of his own party Krishak Sramik Party as Chief Minister.|group=upper-roman}}{{Cite news |date=1 April 1958 |title=করাচীর নির্দেশে পূর্ব পাকিস্তানের গভার্নর মিঃ ফজলুল হকের নাটকীয়ভাবে পদচ্যুত |trans-title=Governor of East Pakistan Mr. Fazlul Haq Dramatically Removed by Orders from Karachi |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kQ3OY8vI16501RGOqqw5z8bUnCXil-vE/view |access-date=21 February 2025 |work=The Jugantor |pages=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250128040003/https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kQ3OY8vI16501RGOqqw5z8bUnCXil-vE/view |archive-date=28 January 2025 |language=Bengali}}

|{{ayd|March 9, 1956|March 31, 1958}}

|Krishak

Sramik Party

|- style="background:#e6e6aa;"

! style="background-color: gray; color:white" |[-]

|

|Muhammad Hamid Ali

(Acting){{Efn|Muhammad Hamid Ali, Chief Secretary to the Governor of East Pakistan, was appointed Acting Governor in pursuance of the provisions of Article 70 of the Constitution following the removal of Sher-e-Bangla A. K. Fazlul Huq from the office|group=upper-roman}}

(1906-1972)

|{{Date table sorting|1958|4|1||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=hamidali - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/hamidali.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081107/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/hamidali.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|5|3||format=dmy}}{{Cite news |date=3 May 1958 |title=পূর্ব পাকিস্তানের নয়া গভর্নর |trans-title=The New Governor of East Pakistan |url=https://songramernotebook.com/archives/248800 |work=The Azad |pages=1 |language=Bengali}}

|{{ayd|April 1, 1958|3 May 1958}}

|Independent

|-

! style="background-color: gray; color:white" |2

|160x160px

|Sultanuddin Ahmad

(1902-1977)

|Appointment:{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=sultanuddin - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/sultanuddin.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081237/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/sultanuddin.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

{{Date table sorting|1958|4|26||format=dmy}}

----Sworn in:

{{Date table sorting|1958|5|3||format=dmy}}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|10|10||format=dmy}}{{Efn|Sultanuddin Ahmad was removed from office on 10 October 1958 soon after the promulgation of Martial Law in Pakistan on 7 October|group=upper-roman}}{{Cite news |date=12 October 1958 |title=Zakir Hussain installed as new governor |url=https://songramernotebook.com/archives/491801 |work=Bangladesh Observer (known as Pakistan Observer during Publication)}}

|{{ayd|3 May 1958|10 October 1958}}

|Independent

|-

! style="background-color: gray; color:white" |3

|160x160px

|Zakir Husain

(1898-1971)

|Appointment:{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=zakirhusain - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/zakirhusain.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081253/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/zakirhusain.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

{{Date table sorting|1958|10|10||format=dmy}}

----Sworn in:

{{Date table sorting|1958|10|11||format=dmy}}

|{{Date table sorting|1960|4|14||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|11 October 1958|14 April 1960}}

|Independent

| style="padding:0;" |

Iskander Mirza

----

Ayub Khan

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|military}};" |4

30x30px

|120x120px

|Lieutenant general

Azam Khan, PA

(1908-1994)

|{{Date table sorting|1960|4|15||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=azamkhan - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/azamkhan.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081007/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/azamkhan.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1962|5|10||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|15 April 1960|10 May 1962}}

|Military

| rowspan="5" |Ayub Khan

|- style="background:#e6e6aa;"

| style="background-color:gray; color:white;" |[-]

|141x141px

|Syed Hashim Raza

(Acting){{Efn|Syed Hashim Raza was Acting Governor of the province during the absence of General Azam Khan's official visit to West Germany|group=upper-roman}}

(1910-2003)

|{{Date table sorting|1961|7|1||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=hashimraza - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/hashimraza.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081112/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/hashimraza.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1961|8|5||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|1 July 1961|5 August 1961}}

|Independent

|-

! style="background-color: gray; color:white" |5

|120x120px

|Ghulam Faruque Khan

(1899-1992)

|{{Date table sorting|1962|5|11||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=faruque - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/faruque.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081031/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/faruque.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1962|10|25||format=dmy}}{{Efn|Unable to cope with the political problems of East Pakistan, Ghulam Faruque Khan resigned from office.|group=upper-roman}}

|{{ayd|11 May 1962|25 October 1962}}

|Independent

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white" |6

|160x160px

|Abdul Monem Khan

(1899-1971)

|{{Date table sorting|1962|10|28||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=monemkhan - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/monemkhan.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409085649/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/monemkhan.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1969|3|23||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|28 October 1962|23 March 1969}}
(Longest Serving)

|Muslim League

|-

! style="background-color: gray; color:white" |7

|160x160px

|Mirza Nurul Huda

(1919-1991)

|{{Date table sorting|1969|3|23||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-08 |title=nurulhuda - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/nurulhuda.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408020135/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/nurulhuda.html |archive-date=8 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1969|3|25||format=dmy}}{{Efn|With the promulgation of Martial Law throughout Pakistan and the abrogation of the constitution in the evening of 25 March, Mirza Nurul Huda's tenure of governorship came to an abrupt end after just 60 hours.|group=upper-roman}}

|{{ayd|23 March 1969|25 March 1969}}

|Independent

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|military}};" |8

30x30px

| style="background-color: pink;" |155x155px

| style="background-color: pink;" |Major general

Muzaffaruddin, PA{{Efn|On 25 March 1969 General A. M. Yahya Khan proclaimed martial law and divided the country into two administrative zones- West Pakistan (Zone 'A') and East Pakistan (Zone 'B'). Major general Muzaffaruddin was the GOC of the 14 Division, became Martial Law Administrator, Zone 'B'. On 8 April 1969, Yahya Khan issued an order directing that the Martial Law Administrators of Zone 'A' and 'B' would perform the functions and powers of the Governors of West and East Pakistan respectively. Thus Major general Muzaffaruddin became Martial Law Administrator and also exercised the powers and functions of Governor of East Pakistan.|name=Marshall Law|group=upper-roman}}

(Martial Law Administrator)

| style="background-color: pink;" |{{Date table sorting|1969|3|25||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=muzaffar - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/muzaffar.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409085729/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/muzaffar.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

| style="background-color: pink;" |{{Date table sorting|1969|8|23||format=dmy}}

| style="background-color: pink;" |{{ayd|25 March 1969|23 August 1969}}

| style="background-color: pink;" |Military

| rowspan="7" |Yahya Khan

|- style="background-color: pink;"

! style="background-color: {{party color|military}};" |9

30x30px

|155x155px

|Lieutenant general

Sahabzada Yaqub Khan, PA{{Efn|Lieutenant general Sahabzada Yaqub Khan was appointed as Martial Law Administrator of Zone 'B' and exercised the powers and functions of the Governor of East Pakistan.|group=upper-roman}}

(1920-2016)

(Martial Law Administrator)

|{{Date table sorting|1969|8|23||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=yaqubkhan - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/yaqubkhan.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081248/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/yaqubkhan.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1969|9|1||format=dmy}}{{Efn|On 8 April 1969, President Yahya Khan issued an order directing that the Martial Law Administrators would perform the functions and powers of the Governor. However, a notification issued by the cabinet secretariat on 1 September 1969 cancelled the order of 8 April 1969 and directed Martial Law Administrators to refrain from performing the functions of Governor in their respective provinces with immediate effect. Lt. General Yaqub Khan remained Martial Law Administrator until Vice Admiral S. M. Ahsan took over as the new Governor of East Pakistan on 1 September 1969|group=upper-roman}}

|{{ayd|23 August 1969|1 September 1969}}

|Military

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|military}};" |10

39x39px

|

|Vice admiral

Syed Mohammad Ahsan, PN

(1921-1989)

|{{Date table sorting|1969|9|1||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=ahsan - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/ahsan.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425080956/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/ahsan.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1971|3|1||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|1 September 1969|1 March 1971}}

|Military

|- style="background-color: pink;"

! style="background-color: {{party color|military}};" |(11)

30x30px

|155x155px

|Lieutenant general

Sahabzada Yaqub Khan, PA{{Efn|Lt. general Sahabzada Yaqub Khan was made the "head of civil administration in the province" and exercised the functions and powers of Governor from 1 March 1971 until the arrival of Lt. general Tikka Khan on 7 March 1971.|group=upper-roman}}

(1920-2016)

(Head of Civil Administration )

|{{Date table sorting|1971|3|1||format=dmy}}

|{{Date table sorting|1971|3|7||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|1 March 1971|7 March 1971}}

|Military

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|military}};" |12

30x30px

|143x143px

|Lieutenant general

Tikka Khan, PA

(1915-2002)

|Appointment:{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=tikkakhan - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/tikkakhan.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409094534/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/tikkakhan.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

{{Date table sorting|1971|3|6||format=dmy}}

----Sworn in:

{{Date table sorting|1971|3|7||format=dmy}}

----Officially announced:

{{Date table sorting|1971|3|9||format=dmy}}

|{{Date table sorting|1971|9|3||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|7 March 1971|3 September 1971}}

|Military

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white" |13

|168x168px

|Abdul Motaleb Malik

(1905-1977)

|Appointment:{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=malik - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/malik.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409094145/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/malik.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

{{Date table sorting|1971|8|31||format=dmy}}

----Sworn in:

{{Date table sorting|1971|9|3||format=dmy}}

|{{Date table sorting|1971|12|14||format=dmy}}{{Efn|Abdul Motaleb Malik along with his cabinet resigned on 14 December after realizing that Pakistani defeat was imminent and sought refuse in Hotel Intercontinental, seeking the protection of the Red Cross flag.|group=upper-roman}}

|{{ayd|3 September 1971|14 December 1971}}

|Muslim League

|- style="background-color: pink;"

! style="background-color: {{party color|military}};" |14

30x30px

|148x148px

|Lieutenant general

A. A. K. Niazi, PA{{Efn|Lt. general A. A. K. Niazi was the commander of the Eastern Command of the Pakistan Army and as the supreme authority of Pakistan in its eastern wing functioned and exercised power as the Governor of East Pakistan after the resignation of Abdul Motaleb Malik during the last 48 hours of Bangladesh Liberation War|group=upper-roman}}

(1915-2004)

(Supreme Authority of East Pakistan)

|{{Date table sorting|1971|12|14||format=dmy}}{{Cite web |date=2013-04-09 |title=niazi - THE BANGABHABAN : The President House of Bangladesh |url=http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/niazi.html |access-date=2025-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409094159/http://www.bangabhaban.gov.bd/niazi.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 }}

|{{Date table sorting|1971|12|16||format=dmy}}

|{{ayd|14 December 1971|16 December 1971}}

|Military

|}

{{notelist-ur}}

Chief ministers

Political Party{{Legend|{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}|Muslim League}}

{{Legend|{{party color|Krishak Sramik Party}}|Krishak Sramik Party}}

{{Legend|{{party color|United Front (East Pakistan)}}|United Front}}

{{Legend|{{party color|Bangladesh Awami League}}|Awami League}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"

! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |No.

! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" style="width:120px;"|Portrait

! rowspan="2" |Name

! colspan="3" |Term of office

! rowspan="2" |Political Party

! rowspan="2" |Governor

! rowspan="2" |Governor-General/ President

Term Start

!Term End

!Time in Office

style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white"| 1

|120px

| Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin

(1894 – 1964)

| {{Date table sorting|1947|8|15

}

|{{Date table sorting|1948|9|4|}}

|{{ayd|1947|8|15|1948|9|4}}

| Muslim League

| Sir Frederick Chalmers Bourne

| Muhammad Ali Jinnah

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Pakistan Muslim League}}; color:white"| 2

|120px

| Nurul Amin

(1893 – 1974)

|{{Date table sorting|1948|9|14|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1954|4|3|}}

|{{ayd|1948|9|14|1954|4|3}}

| Muslim League

| Sir Feroz Khan Noon

| style="padding:0;" |

Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin

----

Malik Ghulam Muhammad

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|United Front (East Pakistan)}}; color:white" |3

|160x160px

|Sher-e-Bangla
A. K. Fazlul Huq

(1873 - 1962)

|{{Date table sorting|1954|4|3|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1954|5|29|}}

|{{ayd|1954|4|3|1954|5|29}}

| United Front

| Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman

|rowspan="2" |Malik Ghulam Muhammad

|-

! style="background-color:gray; color:white;" |[-]

|160x160px

|Vacant
(Governor's rule)

|{{Date table sorting|1954|5|29|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1955|6|20|}}

|{{ayd|1954|5|29|1955|6|20}}

| N/A

| -

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Krishak Sramik Party}}; color:white" |4

|120px

| Abu Hussain Sarkar

(1894 - 1969)

| {{Date table sorting|1955|6|20|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1956|8|30|}}

|{{ayd|1955|6|20|1956|8|30}}

| Krishak Sramik Party

|style="padding:0;" |

Iskander Mirza

----

Sir Thomas Hobart Ellis (Acting)

----

Muhammad Shahabuddin (Acting)

|style="padding:0;" |

Malik Ghulam Muhammad

----

Iskander Mirza

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Bangladesh Awami League}}; color:white" |5

|120px

| Ataur Rahman Khan

(1907 - 1991)

| {{Date table sorting|1956|9|1|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|3|31|}}

|{{ayd|1956|9|1|1958|3|31}}

| Awami League

|style="padding:0;" |

Amiruddin Ahmad (Acting)

----

Sher-e-Bangla
A. K. Fazlul Huq

|rowspan="2" |Iskander Mirza

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Krishak Sramik Party}}; color:white" |(4)

|120px

| Abu Hussain Sarkar

(1894 - 1969)

| {{Date table sorting|1958|3|31|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|4|1|}}

|{{ayd|1958|3|31|1958|4|1}}

| Krishak Sramik Party

|style="padding:0;" |

Sher-e-Bangla
A. K. Fazlul Huq

----

Muhammad Hamid Ali (Acting)

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Bangladesh Awami League}}; color:white" |(5)

|120px

| Ataur Rahman Khan

(1907 - 1991)

| {{Date table sorting|1958|4|1|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|6|18|}}

|{{ayd|1958|4|1|1958|6|18}}

| Awami League

|style="padding:0;" |

Muhammad Hamid Ali (Acting)

----

Sultanuddin Ahmad

|style="padding:0;" |

Iskander Mirza

----

Ayub Khan

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Krishak Sramik Party}}; color:white" |(4)

|120px

| Abu Hussain Sarkar

(1894 - 1969)

| {{Date table sorting|1958|6|18|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|6|22|}}

|{{ayd|1958|6|18|1958|6|22}}

| Krishak Sramik Party

|Sultanuddin Ahmad

|rowspan="3" |Ayub Khan

|-

! style="background-color:gray; color:white;" |[-]

|160x160px

|Vacant
(Governor's rule)

|{{Date table sorting|1958|6|22|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|8|25|}}

|{{ayd|1958|6|22|1958|8|25}}

| N/A

| -

|-

! style="background-color: {{party color|Bangladesh Awami League}}; color:white" |(5)

|120px

| Ataur Rahman Khan

(1907 - 1991)

| {{Date table sorting|1958|8|25|}}

|{{Date table sorting|1958|10|7|}}

|{{ayd|1958|8|25|1958|10|7}}

| Awami League

|Sultanuddin Ahmad

|-

|}

Legislature

{{main|East Pakistan Provincial Assembly}}

East Pakistan's provincial assembly consisted of 300 members. It was known as the East Bengal Assembly from 1947 to 1955 when the provincial name was changed. The legislature was a successor to the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly, which were divided between East Bengal and West Bengal during the partition of Bengal in 1947. It was the largest provincial legislature in Pakistan.

Judiciary

{{main|High Court Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh}}

The High Court of judicature for East Bengal commonly known as the Dhaka High Court was established in 1947 under Pakistan (Provisional Constitutional) Order 1947 as a separate High Court with all Appellate, Civil and Original jurisdictions.{{cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=High_Court|title= High Court|website=Banglapedia|access-date=8 July 2015}}Government of India Act 1935 as adapted by the Pakistan (Provisional Constitution) Order 1947, S. 219 In 1955 the Dhaka High Court became the High Court of East Pakistan and the Supreme Court of Pakistan was established as the apex Court with the appellate jurisdiction to hear the decisions of the High Courts established in the East and West Pakistan.High Court of West Pakistan (Establishment) Order, 1955 (G.G.O. XIX of 1955), Art. 3 Until 1967 the High Court was held in the building that now known as the Old High Court Building on Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, opposite the curzon hall, Dhaka. With the construction of a larger facility in the 1960s nearby that now houses the Supreme Court of Bangladesh and Attorney General's office, the High Court was shifted from Old House on 10 July 1967.

Notes

References

=Citations=

{{reflist}}

=Bibliography=

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{Cite book |last=Al Saeed |first=Abu |author-link=|year=2019 |orig-year= |title=আওয়ামী লীগের শাসনকাল [১৯৫৬-৫৮ এবং ১৯৭১-৭৫]|trans-title=Awami League rule (1956-58 and 1971-75)|lang=bn|publisher=Agami Prokashoni |location=Dhaka |isbn=9789840421596 |url= |ref={{SfnRef|Saeed}}}}

{{refend|}}

East

Category:Politics of East Pakistan

Category:Organisations based in Dhaka

Category:1971 disestablishments in Pakistan

Category:Post-independence history of Pakistan

Category:1947 establishments in East Bengal