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Gowda (surname)

{{for|the community called Gowda|Vokkaliga}}

{{Short description|Indian surname}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}

{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}

Gowda (also known as vokkaliga,kuruba Gowda, Gauda, Goud, Gouda or Gonda{{cite book |author1=|date=1976|title=Census of India, 1961, Volume 11, Part 6, Issue 23|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m_ocAQAAMAAJ&q=gowda+gonda|location=India|publisher=Office of the Registrar, General Manager of Publications|page=10|quote=...Gowda (also spoken as Gonda colloquially)...}}{{cite book |author1=Ramananda Chatterjee|date=1930|title=The Modern Review|volume=47|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6AUFAAAAMAAJ&q=gowda+gonda|location=India|publisher=Prabasi Press Private, Limited|page=80|quote=}}) is a surname native to Karnataka state of India. It is mainly found among the Vokkaligas and Kurubas in South Karnataka, Kurubas and the Lingayats in north Karnataka.{{cite book |url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/104976/9/09_chapter%203.pdf |chapter=Tenants movements in Uttara Kannada district and the Kagodu Satyagraha |title=Peasant movements in Karnataka since 1900 their nature and results |author=D K Kulkarni |page=80 |publisher=Karnatak University / Shodhganga |year=1992 |accessdate=24 October 2016 |quote=Gowdas, literary means a village headman usually from Vokkaliga community in Southern district of Karnataka and Lingayat in Northern part }}{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zG4JuQMA-a8C&pg=PA37 | title=Shift in Indian Politics: 1983 Elections in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka | publisher=Concept | accessdate=3 November 2016 | author=George Matthew| year=1984 }} It is also used by other communities like Namadhari Naiks,{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XGSuAwWHa0kC&dq=hale+paika+gauda&pg=PA278 |title=The Mysore Tribes and Castles |publisher=Mittal Publications |language=en}} Billavas.{{cite book |author=A. S. Seetharamu |title=Literacy Campaigns in India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Ut76APt0-IC&pg=PA131 |year=1997 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=978-81-7024-814-9 |page=131 }} Gowda was originally an honorific used by the administrative head of a village. Typically, such a head owned land and held political and social sway in the village.{{cite book |editor=K. T. Margaret|title=The Open Classroom: A Journey Through Education |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzpjyvaFAhoC&pg=PA131 |year=1999 |publisher=Orient Blackswan |isbn=978-81-250-1669-4 |pages=131 }} Among Reddy, it was used to refer to the head of the community.{{cite wikisource|chapter=152|wslink=Castes and Tribes of Southern India, Volume 4.djvu|plaintitle=Page:Castes and Tribes of Southern India, Volume 4.djvu|last=|first=|year=|publisher=|page=|wspage=|scan=|quote=According to Mr. Stuart, "each community of Kurubas, residing in a group of villages, has a headman or Gaudu. He acts the part of pūjāri or priest in all their ceremonies, presides over their tribal meetings, and settles disputes.}}{{sfn|Malini Adiga|1997|pp=145,147}}

Etymology

According to historian Suryanath U. Kamath, the word Gowda derives from Gavunda.{{cite book |last1=Kamath|first1=Suryanath U.|last2=Naik|first2=R.A|date=1983|title=Gazetteer of India Government of Karnataka, Karnataka State Gazetteer Part II|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.3241/page/n265/mode/2up?q=Gauda |location=Bangalore|publisher= Parishree Printers |page=243-244}}: ”Villages had gramakuta or gavunda (gauda), the village headman.

He had under him the village militia^ later called as talaras and tolls.” The German Indologist Gustav Oppert opined that the root of ‘Gowda’ is a Dravidian word meaning "mountain".{{cite book |author1=Kumar Suresh Singh |author2=Anthropological Survey of India |title=People of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fRQwAQAAIAAJ&q=Mountain |year=2002 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-85938-99-8 |page=408 }} The term Gowda and its archaic forms in Old Kannada such as Gamunda, Gavunda, Gavuda, Gonda, appear frequently in the inscriptions of Karnataka. The Epigraphia Carnatica is replete with references to land grants, donations to temples, hero-stones (Veeragallu), stone edicts and copper plates dating back to the age of the Western Ganga Dynasty (est. 350 CE) and earlier.{{cite book|author=Benjamin Lewis Rice, R.Narasimhacharya|title=Epigraphia Carnatica|year=1894–1905|publisher=Government Central Press, Bangalore & Mysore}} The Gavundas were landlords that collected taxes and rendered military service to the Kings.{{sfn|Malini Adiga|1997|p=139}} Noboru Karashima says the Gavundas had functions corresponding to that of the Chola Vellala Nattars.{{cite book |last=Karashima|first=Noboru|year=2014|title=A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations|url= |location=India|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=144-145|isbn=978-0198099772}}:”They are, for example, Gavunda chiefs and heggade revenue officers vis-à-vis the Chola Vellala nattars; kalnad military tenure vis-à-vis padai-parru or parigraham tenure in the Chola state” While the majority of the gavundas were derived from the Vokkaligas; by the 10th century, the term gavunda also came to denote chiefship of a community or group and was adopted by the heads of other communities assimilated into the early medieval state.{{sfn|Malini Adiga|1997|pp=145,147}}

Notable people with surname Gowda

File:kempegowda.jpg, founder of the Bengaluru city]]

Notable people with the surname Gowda:

= Agriculture =

= Film =

  • Akshara Gowda (born 1991), Indian actress from Karnataka
  • Ambareesh (born 1952 as Huche Gowda Amarnath) Indian politician and actor from Karnataka
  • Bhavya Gowda (born 1983), Indian model from Karnataka
  • Ere Gowda, Indian Kannada film director from Karnataka
  • Jaggesh (born 1963 as Eshwar Gowda), Indian Kannada actor from Karnataka
  • K. C. N. Gowda ({{circa}} 1928–2012), Indian Kannada film producer and film distributor
  • Pallavi Gowda (born 1993), Indian actress from Karnataka
  • Ravishankar Gowda, Indian actor from Karnataka
  • Sheela Gowda (born 1957), Indian artist from Karnataka
  • Yash Gowda (born Naveen Kumar Gowda), Indian actor from Karnataka

= Historical Figures and Rulers =

  • Junje Gowda, Founder of Male Mahadeshwara Temple
  • Kempe Gowda I (1510–1569), Founder of Bengaluru & feudatory ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire.

= Law =

= Literature =

= Politics =

= Sports =

= Others =

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

= Bibliography =

{{ref begin}}

  • {{cite journal |author=Malini Adiga |year=1997 |title=Gavundas in Southern Karnataka: Landlords and Warriors (AD 600 to 1030) |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=58 |pages=139–148 |jstor=44143897 }}

{{ref end}}

{{surname}}

Category:Social groups of Karnataka

Category:Surnames of Indian origin

Category:Surnames of Hindu origin

Category:South Indian communities

Category:Veerashaiva clans