Great Blasket Island

File:Blasket Seal Colony.jpg colony on Great Blasket]]

The island lies approximately two kilometres from the mainland at Dunmore Head, and extends six kilometres to the southwest, rising to {{convert|346|m|0|abbr=on}} at its highest point (An Cró Mór). The nearest mainland town is Dunquin; a ferry to the island operates from a nearby pier during summer months.

Garraun Point at {{coord|52.1045|-10.5074|display=inline}} has been incorrectly cited as being the most westerly point of the Irish mainland,{{cite web | title=Ireland - Geographical facts and figures | work= Travel through the Ireland story...| url=http://www.wesleyjohnston.com/users/ireland/geography/extremities.html | accessdate=2014-07-14}} but this is Dunmore Head. At longitude 10° 39.7', Tearaght Island is the westernmost of the Blaskets, and thus the most westerly point of the republic of Ireland.

The Great Blasket has been inhabited on and off for centuries. The earliest known reference to people living on the island was at the start of the 1700s.{{Cite web |title=The Blasket Islands: History and Heritage |url=https://dingle-peninsula.ie/newsite/11-explore-the-dingle-peninsula/blasket-islands-na-blascaodai/53-the-blasket-islands-history-and-heritage.html#:~:text=The%20number%20of%20people%20living,when%20the%20Blasket%20was%20abandoned. |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=dingle-peninsula.ie}} A Ferriter castle once stood at Rinn an Chaisleáin. In the 1840s it was estimated that a population of about 150 people were living on the island. It was the most westerly settlement in Ireland, with islanders mostly living in primitive cottages perched on the relatively sheltered north-east shore. They subsisted mainly by fishing, supplementing their diet with potato, oats, hunting rabbits and the eggs of birds who nested on the island;{{cite book |year=2012 |last=Kanigel |first=Robert |authorlink=Robert Kanigel |title=On an Irish Island |publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group |location=Westminster |isbn=9780307957481 |quote=about 150 people lived there, in stone houses dug into the slope of the hill facing the mainland. Virtually all were fishermen who, with their families, wrested precarious livelihoods from the sea that washed the island’s shores. They hunted rabbits, harvested oats and potatoes from mediocre soil. They had limited relations with towns on the mainland, which they rowed across open water in small boats to reach; evil weather sometimes kept them on the island for weeks at a time. They had no electricity, no plumbing, no church, no priests, no police, no taverns, no shops. They spoke Irish, though few could read or write it. English was for most of them unintelligible.}}{{rp|4-5}} due to lack of wood they had to use heather, peat and turf as fuel.

Around 1909 and 1910, the Congested Districts Board built five properties to improve the housing stock on the island.{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Kieron |date=6 January 1985 |title=The Blaskets |url=https://www.rte.ie/archives/2019/1209/1097999-the-blaskets/ |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=RTÉ Archives |language=en}} A two storey guesthouse was built later.{{Cite web |title=The Village{{!}}The Great Blasket Centre and Island |url=https://www.blasket.ie/an-baile/ |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=The Great Blasket Centre and Island |language=en-US}}

Island life was very tough and the draw of emigration was strong, ultimately becoming the death knell for the Island. During WWII shortages of sugar, soap, tea, paraffin, tobacco and flour/bread intensified this draw further.File:Dingle-Great-Blasket-Village-2012.JPGThe weather was a present and constant hazard. In April 1947, the island was cut off from the mainland for weeks due to bad weather. The Islanders sent a telegram to the Taoiseach, Éamon de Valera, urgently requesting supplies which duly arrived two days later by boat.

The island was inhabited until 1954 when the Irish government decided that it could no longer guarantee the safety of the remaining but rapidly declining population. Previously, the Islanders had been petitioning for relocation following the death of Seánín Ó Cearnaigh. Ó Cearnaigh had become ill and as a result of poor weather, no doctor or priest could reach the island. Continued inclement weather prevented his body being taken to the consecrated graveyard across the Blasket Sound in Dunquin for a number of days. It was this tragic event that led the Islanders to realise there was no continued prospect of a viable community remaining on the island.

In 2009 the Office of Public Works bought most of the property on the island, including the deserted village, and the state is now the majority landowner. Guided tours of the island were launched in 2010 and plans are underway for the preservation and conservation of the old village. The home of Muiris Ó Súilleabháin is now in ruins but Peig Sayers' second home on the island has been restored. The home of Tomás Ó Criomhthain was also restored by the OPW in 2018 and is now free to visit by the public.{{Cite web |date=2018-06-06 |title=Tomás Ó Criomthain's house on Blasket Islands opens following restoration |url=https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/d2cd49-tomas-o-criomthains-house-on-blasket-islands-opens-following-restora/ |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=Government of Ireland |language=en}}File:Great Blasket Island.jpg

In 2014 a company, The Great Blasket Island Experience, began renovation of the Congested Districts Board properties on the island as rental accommodation during the summer season. The company recruits two caretakers annually to manage the accommodation and café facilities where they live without electricity, hot water and other modern conveniences, similar to conditions the islanders endured.{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/great-blasket-island-accommodation-4659845-May2019/|title=Disconnect from modern life in this island cottage with only candles for light|date=30 May 2019 }} This old world living experience has attracted significant media attention about the role{{Cite web|title=Living the Blasket life|url=https://www.independent.ie/regionals/kerryman/news/living-the-blasket-life-38066666.html|access-date=2021-01-06|website=independent|date=3 May 2019 |language=en}} with tens of thousands of applications for the position in recent years.{{Cite web|last=Slater|first=Sarah|title=Over 23,000 people apply for job on the Great Blasket Island|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/great-blasket-islands-over-23000-applications-4973219-Jan2020/|access-date=2021-06-27|website=TheJournal.ie|date=20 January 2020 |language=en}}

The table below reports data on Great Blasket's population taken from Discover the Islands of Ireland (Alex Ritsema, Collins Press, 1999) and the Census of Ireland.

{{Historical populations

| align = none

| cols = 3

|footnote= Source: {{cite web |url= http://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?Maintable=CNA17&Planguage=0 |title= CNA17: Population by Off Shore Island, Sex and Year |author= Central Statistics Office |date= |website= CSO.ie |publisher= |accessdate=12 October 2016}}

|1841|153

|1851|97

|1861|95

|1871|130

|1881|136

|1891|132

|1901|145

|1911|160

|1926|143

|1936|110

|1946|45

|1951|27

|1956|0

|1961|0

|1966|0

|1971|0

|1979|0

|1981|0

|1986|4

|1991|4

|1996|0

|2002|0

|2006|2

|2011 |0

|2016 |0

}}

File:The slipway on Great Blasket Island - geograph.org.uk - 923760.jpg to the island]]File:Great-Blasket-Island-2012.JPG

Considering the tiny population, the island has produced a remarkable number of gifted writers who brought vividly to life their harsh existence and who kept alive old Irish folk tales of the land. Best known are Machnamh Seanamhná (An Old Woman's Reflections, Peig Sayers, 1939), Fiche Bliain Ag Fás (Twenty Years A-Growing, Muiris Ó Súilleabháin, 1933), and An tOileánach (The Islandman, Tomás Ó Criomhthain, 1929). These are considered to be invaluable records of their harsh existence on the island and a treasure trove of old Irish folk tales of the land.

The hostel and café on the island were at the centre of a dispute between the Irish State, which wishes to make the island a national park, and an individual, who claims to own the greater part of the island.{{Cite web |title=Damages case by Blasket owners fails |url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/damages-case-by-blasket-owners-fails-26116945.html |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=independent |date=28 June 2000 |language=en}}{{Failed verification

| talkpage = Talk:Great Blasket Island#Ownership_section

| reason = This narrative diverges significantly from information in the cited source, independent.ie.|date=March 2025}} The differences between the State and Blascaoid Mor Teoranta (BMT) were settled by an agreement made in August 2007;{{cn|date=March 2025}} subject to the granting of planning permission, the deal meant that more than 95% of the island land, including the old village, would be sold to the State and become a de facto national park.{{cn|date=March 2025}}

{{Reflist}}

• [https://dingle-peninsula.ie/newsite/11-explore-the-dingle-peninsula/blasket-islands-na-blascaodai/53-the-blasket-islands-history-and-heritage.html The Blasket Islands: History and Heritage]

{{Blasket Islands}}

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Category:Blasket Islands

Category:Uninhabited islands of Ireland

Category:Ghost towns in Europe

Category:Former populated places in Ireland