Group of Thirty
{{Short description|Consultative group on international economic and monetary affairs}}
{{Redirect|G30}}
{{POV||date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Institute
| name = Group of Thirty
| image = G30-logo.PNG
| caption = Consultative Group on International Economic and Monetary Affairs, Inc.
| established = {{start date and age|1978}}
| chairman = Vacant
| head_label = Executive Director
| head = Stuart P. M. Mackintosh
| num_members = 30
| staff = 4
| budget = $448k (FY07)
| location = Washington, D.C.
| address = 1701 K Street, NW, Suite 950
Washington, DC 20006 USA
| website = [http://www.group30.org/ www.group30.org]
}}
The Group of Thirty, often abbreviated to G30, is an international body of financiers and academics which aims to deepen understanding of economic and financial issues and to examine consequences of decisions made in the public and private sectors. Areas within the interest of the group include: the foreign exchange market, international capital markets, international financial institutions, central banks and their supervision of financial services and markets, and macroeconomic issues such as product and labor markets.
The group is noted for its advocacy of changes in global clearing and settlement.
History
The Group of Thirty was founded in 1978 by Geoffrey Bell at the initiative of the Rockefeller Foundation,{{cite web|url=http://www.afponline.org/pub/res/news/ns_20050325_g30.html |title=G30 Members Discuss Critical Concerns For American Corporations|author=Karen Epper Hoffman|date=March 25, 2005|work=AFP Online |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927205401/http://www.afponline.org/pub/res/news/ns_20050325_g30.html |archive-date = September 27, 2007}} which also provided initial funding for the body. Its first chairman was Johannes Witteveen, the former managing director of the International Monetary Fund. Mark Carney was the recent Chair before stepping down in January 2025 to run for election in Canada.{{cite web | url=https://ww1.prweb.com/prfiles/2022/11/29/19044441/G30TransitionPressRelease_2022_Final_2.pdf | title=Mark Carney Appointed Chair of the Group of Thirty, Tharman Shanmugaratnam Appointed Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Jacob Frenkel to Become Chairman Emeritus of the Group of Thirty | publisher=Group of Thirty |access-date=29 November 2023}} The current Chair of the Board of Trustees is Tharman Shanmugaratnam.
The Bellagio Group,{{cite web |title=Bellagio Group |url=https://bellagio.mit.edu/ |publisher=MIT |access-date=3 August 2020}} formed by Austrian economist Fritz Machlup, was the immediate predecessor to the Group of Thirty.{{cite web|url=http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj3n1/cj3n1-2.pdf|title=Fritz Machlup: In Memoriam|author=Gottfried Haberler|author-link=Gottfried Haberler|publisher=Cato Institute|work=Cato Journal|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080316155055/https://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj3n1/cj3n1-2.pdf|archive-date=2008-03-16}} It first met in 1963, at the Rockefeller Foundation Center (Villa Serbelloni) in Bellagio,{{cite web |title=Bellagio Center, Rockefeller Foundation |url=https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/bellagio-center/ |access-date=3 August 2020}} to investigate international currency problems, particularly the balance of payments crisis which America faced throughout the early 1960s.
In June 2011, the group released a report that examines the 2008 financial crisis, including the causes, the responses and the future outlook for the United States and other markets.{{cite web | url=http://group30.org/publications/detail/151 | title=The 2008 Financial Crisis and Its Aftermath: Addressing the Next Debt Challenge | author=Russo, Thomas A. | author2=Katzel, Aaron J. | publisher=Group of Thirty | format=PDF | access-date=April 8, 2014}}
In January 2018, the European Ombudsman Emily O'Reilly requested that ECB President Mario Draghi resign from the group because his membership in the organization could be interpreted as undue influence.{{cite news|date = January 17, 2018|title = UPDATE 1 - EU ombudsman urges ECB's Draghi to leave G30 club of financiers|first = Francesco|last = Canepa|url = https://www.reuters.com/article/ecb-banks-ethics/update-1-eu-ombudsman-urges-ecbs-draghi-to-leave-g30-club-of-financiers-idUSL8N1PC2HX|work = Reuters|access-date = January 17, 2018}}
Members
The group consists of thirty members and includes the heads of major private banks and central banks, as well as members from academia and international institutions. Current members of the group include current and former heads of the central banks of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States as well as two presidents of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, two presidents of the European Central Bank, a chairman of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, two chairmen of the Bank for International Settlements, two chief economists of the International Monetary Fund, a chief economist of the World Bank, and the former president of Mexico. It holds two full meetings each year and also organises seminars, symposia, and study groups. It is based in Washington, D.C.