Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre

The Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre consists of a skyscraper and an eight-floor podium, that is connected to the skyscraper. The podium features a {{convert|100|ft|m|order=flip|abbr=on}} high atrium with a glass roof.{{Cite web|url=http://gz.k11.com/retail/en/k11-art-mall/|title=K11 Art Mall|website=K11|access-date=12 November 2016|archive-date=7 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110255/https://gz.k11.com.cn/|url-status=dead}} The skyscraper is supported by a square core with sides of {{convert|105|ft|m|order=flip|abbr=on}} and eight concrete mega columns on the sides. They are linked by outriggers and belt trusses, that are located exclusively on mechanical and refuge floors. The skyscraper has a total of four levels of steel outriggers and six sets of double-layer belt trusses.{{Cite web|url=http://global.ctbuh.org/resources/papers/download/1888-a-new-skyline-vision-ctf-towers-in-guangzhou-and-tianjin.pdf|title=A New Skyline Vision: CTF Tower in Guangzhou en Tianjin|last1=Ho|first1=Wing Ip (David)|last2=Chung|first2=Yuk Fai (Eddie)|date=2014|website=CTBUH|access-date=13 November 2016|last3=Lo|first3=Hung (Annie)|last4=Yu|first4=De Ming (Derry)}} Smaller columns are in between the mega columns. The mega columns have a length up to {{convert|16+1/2|ft|m|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} and a width up to {{convert|11+1/2|ft|m|1|order=flip|abbr=on}}.{{Cite web|url=http://www.ctbuh.org/TallBuildings/VideoLibrary/tabid/486/language/en-US/Default.aspx#/videos/watch/2028|title=A New Skyline Vision: CTF Towers in Guangzhou and Tianjin|last=Ho|first=Wing Ip (David)|date=17 September 2014|website=CTBUH|access-date=13 November 2016}} They are thicker than usual to meet the Chinese seismic codes and they are supported by a mat and pad foundation. This foundation sits on relatively high bedrock.

The facade of the skyscraper is made out of glass and has vertical mullions, made out of white glazed terracotta.{{Cite web|url=http://www.archdaily.com/259172/ctf-guangzhou-kpf|title=CTF Guangzhou / KPF|last=Winstanley|first=Tim|date=1 September 2012|website=ArchDaily|access-date=12 November 2016}} The mullions are projecting out from the windows to create shades. The windows are operable and there are vents between them and the terracotta. Aluminum fins are located next to the vents to protect them from the wind. White LEDs are integrated into the fins to light the terracotta at night. The terracotta mullions make the exterior of the building lighter. It was not possible to create the brightness of the building by using lighter glass, since the local environmental codes do not allow more reflective glass. More standard metal mullions would have created this effect as well, but architect Forth Bagley, who lead the design, said in an interview with CNN they had chosen consciously for terracotta "to inject into the architecture an indigenous craft, that was specific to Guangzhou as a city."{{Cite web|url=http://www.kpf.com/about/people/principals/forth-bagley|title=Forth Bagley|website=KPF|access-date=13 November 2016}} Furthermore, he said about the design that the skyscraper was not only set apart from the surrounding towers "by virtue of its height [...], but also by its simplicity."{{Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/videos/world/2016/09/30/future-cities-asia-china-ctf-tower-guangzhou-spc.cnn|title=Race to the top|website=CNN|access-date=12 November 2016}}

File:ChowTaiFookFinanceCentreDecember2015.jpg

The shape of the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre is defined by its mixed-usage: the different uses require different floor sizes and the building is shaped to accommodate those demands. Namely, the skyscraper has setbacks at points where the usage changes: the setbacks are located between the offices and the apartments, between the apartments and the hotel, and between the hotel and the crown of the building. The setbacks are angled and contain parapets with sky terraces. The top of the building is angled as well, but doesn't contain a sky terrace. The angled parapets point at the tops of various nearby tall buildings.{{Cite web|url=http://rlb.com/en/projects/guangzhou-ctf-finance-centre-east-tower-guangzhou-china/|title=Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre (East Tower), Guangzhou, China|website=Rider Levett Bucknall|access-date=30 October 2016}} Because of the setbacks, the building looks different from every angle.

Different techniques were used to make the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre more environmentally friendly. For example, it has efficient chillers and the podium's roof features solar panels. Moreover, the heat from the condensers of the chillers is recovered. The office and retail parts of the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre together received a LEED Gold certification in 2018 after having received a pre-certification in 2013.{{Cite web|url=http://www.usgbc.org/projects/gz-ctf-finance-centre-officeretail?view=scorecard|title=GZ CTF Finance Centre Office/Retail|website=U.S. Green Building Council|access-date=12 November 2016}}

The below ground floors and the podium of the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre feature a shopping mall and an underground parking facility with 1,705 spaces. The shopping mall is called "K11 Art Mall" and is owned by K11, a subsidiary of Chow Tai Fook Enterprises.{{Cite web|url=http://gz.k11.com/retail/en/about-k11/|title=About K11|website=K11|access-date=12 November 2016}} It features a 4DX theater with eight rooms and occupies the entire eight-floor podium and two below ground floors.{{Cite web|url=http://gz.k11.com/retail/en/press-release/p1/|title=The Highest Skyscraper • The Iconic Landmark K11 Guangzhou • Revolutionizing Shopping Experience Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre|date=27 June 2014|website=K11|access-date=12 November 2016}} The mall's surface area amounts to around {{convert|750,000|sqft|m2|order=flip|abbr=on}}. The base of the actual skyscraper is occupied by the office lobby, the entrance hall of the apartments and a part of the hotel. The Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre is connected to other nearby buildings through outdoor pedestrian bridges and to subway lines 3, 5, and APM through underground links.

The offices occupy the floors 7 through 66, but are interrupted by two mechanical floors. Next to the {{convert|2,247,806|sqft|m2|order=flip|abbr=on}} (GFA) of Class A office space, the office floors house a sky lobby and a 150-person auditorium.{{Cite web|url=http://www.wsp-pb.com/Globaln/WSP_Group/Investors/IR%20Overview/Financial%20Reports/Annual%20Reports/2015/WSP_AR2015_APAC.pdf|title=2015 Annual Report|date=2016|website=Parsons Brinckerhoff|access-date=30 October 2016}}{{Cite web|url=http://gz.k11.com/office/en/revolutionary-thinking/|title=Revolutionary Thinking|website=K11|access-date=12 November 2016}}{{Cite web|url=http://gz.k11.com/office/en/outstanding-specification/|title=Outstanding Specification|website=K11|access-date=12 November 2016}} The office floors are owned by K11. 24 floors with a total of 355 serviced apartments are situated above another mechanical floor and a setback. They are owned by Rosewood Hotel Group and have a total area of {{convert|760,000|sqft|m2|order=flip|abbr=on}}.{{Cite press release|url=https://www.rosewoodhotels.com/en/guangzhou/media/press/2014/Rosewood-Guangzhou-to-Open-2018|title=Rosewood Guangzhou to Open in 2018|date=4 July 2016|publisher=Rosewood Hotels|access-date=11 November 2016|archive-date=13 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213010059/https://www.rosewoodhotels.com/en/guangzhou/media/press/2014/Rosewood-Guangzhou-to-Open-2018|url-status=dead}} 23 of those "Rosewood Residences" are duplex apartments and some apartments have their own elevators and indoor courtyards. The apartments were designed by Perception Design.

The highest sixteen floors are occupied by a hotel, that is separated from the apartments by another mechanical floor. The hotel, that opened in the second half of 2019,{{Cite press release |url = https://www.rosewoodhotels.com/en/guangzhou/media/press/2019/rosewood-guangzhou-opens |title = Rosewood Guangzhou Opens Its Doors As An Inspiring Showcase For A Differentiated Modern Urban Luxury Lifestyle In China |date = 10 September 2019 |publisher = Rosewood Hotels |access-date = 6 December 2019 }} is managed by Rosewood Hotels & Resorts and has a total of 251 rooms with a minimum size of {{convert|592|sqft|m2|order=flip|abbr=on}}. The floor area of the entire hotel amounts to {{convert|440,000|sqft|m2|order=flip|abbr=on}}. It also features meeting spaces, a ballroom, an indoor pool and seven cafes and restaurants. The sky bar and restaurant on the 107th floor are partly situated on an outdoor terrace. The meeting spaces cover an area of {{convert|24,200|sqft|m2|order=flip|abbr=on}} and the ballroom, that fits 700 people, covers an area of {{convert|10,440|sqft|m2|order=flip|abbr=on}}. Most of the interior of the hotel was designed by design firm Yabu Pushelberg. The setback above the hotel is covered with three terraces. The strong winds are not felt on those terraces because of the chiseled parapets.

The Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre has 95 elevators made by Hitachi, including two elevators that are the world's fastest. In 2014, Hitachi announced that those two elevators would be able to reach {{convert|1,200|m/min|ft/min|abbr=on}} and would carry passengers through the {{convert|1,450|ft|m|order=flip|abbr=on}} long shaft from the first to the 95th floor in approximately 43 seconds.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-04-23/china-to-get-the-worlds-fastest-elevators-95-floors-in-43-seconds|title=China to Get the World's Fastest Elevators: 95 Floors in 43 Seconds|last=Roberts|first=Dexter|date=23 April 2014|website=Bloomberg|access-date=12 November 2016}} These two elevators are used to bring hotel guests from the entrance to the lobby. In May 2016, the elevators were first tested and reached the promised maximum speed.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/month/2016/05/160527.html|title=Hitachi announces the Ultra-High-Speed Elevators Achieved the World's Highest Speed of 1,200 m/min|date=27 May 2016|website=Hitachi|access-date=12 November 2016}} In June 2017, the elevators were tested after having modified them to be able to deliver an even faster speed above the rated speed of 20 m/s, and they managed to reach a top speed of {{convert|21|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}.{{cite web|url=https://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/month/2017/06/170602.html|title=Hitachi reaches 1,260 m/min, the World's Fastest*1 Speed with Ultra-High-Speed Elevator}} This exceeded the top speed Shanghai Tower's elevators could deliver which was a top speed of {{convert|20.5|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}},{{cite web|url=http://inhabitat.com/the-worlds-fastest-elevator-is-quicker-than-track-legend-usain-bolt/|title=The world's fastest elevator}}{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/10/05/asia/worlds-fastest-tower/|title=CNN: China unveils world's fastest elevator|website=CNN}} making the lifts within the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre the world's fastest. In September 2019, the elevator received a Guinness World Record title as the world's fastest.{{Cite web |url=https://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/month/2019/09/190927.html|title=Hitachi's Elevator Delivered to Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre, a Skyscraper Complex Building in China, Received a GUINNESS WORLD RECORDS™ title as the World's Fastest| publisher=Hitachi, Ltd |date=2019-09-27|accessdate=2023-01-21}}

To achieve their top speed, the elevators in the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre use permanent magnet synchronous motors.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/month/2014/04/140421.html|title=Hitachi to Deliver the World's Fastest*1 Ultra-High-Speed Elevators With a Speed of 1,200 m/min for a Mixed-Use Skyscraper in Guangzhou, China in 2016|date=21 April 2014|website=Hitachi|access-date=12 November 2016}} The air pressure is adjusted in order to prevent ear blockages and the elevators have rollers to smoothen the ride.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-27111923|title=Hitachi to build 'world's fastest' lift in China|last=Lee|first=Dave|date=22 April 2014|website=BBC|access-date=12 November 2016}} Additionally, the emergency brakes can withstand temperatures up to {{convert|300|C}}.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.com/businesses/innovation/case_studies/elevator_china/|title=The World's Fastest Elevator Hitachi's Challenge in China|date=November 2015|website=Hitachi|access-date=12 November 2016}} Besides the two fastest elevators, the building has 28 double-deck elevators (with speeds of 150–450 m/min.), 13 high-speed elevators (210–600 m/min.), and 52 medium- and low-speed elevators. The designers chose for double-deck elevators in order to minimize the number of elevator shafts. The offices, apartments, and the hotel all have separate elevators.

The Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre was first meant to be similar to the Guangzhou International Finance Center, that is situated on the other side of the central axis of Zhujiang New Town, but it was decided to make the new skyscraper taller and to give it a different shape. The developer of the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre, New World Development, which is a subsidiary of Chow Tai Fook Enterprises, held a competition to design the building. The American firm Kohn Pedersen Fox won the competition in 2009 and thus became the main architect. The Guangzhou Design Institute and Leigh & Orange became the architects of record and the British Arup Group was chosen to engineer the building. The groundbreaking took place on September 29, 2009 – about half a year after the designing process started. China State Construction Engineering was the contractor.{{Cite web|url=http://www.ctbuh.org/TallBuildings/VideoLibrary/tabid/486/language/en-US/Default.aspx#/videos/watch/527|title=Interview: China's Future Tallest|last=Malott|first=David|date=20 September 2012|website=CTBUH|access-date=13 November 2016}} The Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre was topped out in July 2014 and the cladding was finished by the end of 2015. In October 2016, the skyscraper was completed.{{Cite web|url=http://www.ctbuh.org/TallBuildings/FeaturedTallBuildings/FeaturedTallBuildingArchive2016/GuangzhouCTFFinanceCentreGuangzhou/tabid/7335/language/en-US/Default.aspx|title=Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre, Guangzhou|date=October 2016|website=CTBUH|access-date=30 October 2016|archive-date=14 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114002159/http://www.ctbuh.org/TallBuildings/FeaturedTallBuildings/FeaturedTallBuildingArchive2016/GuangzhouCTFFinanceCentreGuangzhou/tabid/7335/language/en-US/Default.aspx|url-status=dead}}

When construction started, it was scheduled to open in the first quarter of 2016. Moreover, it was estimated back then that the building would cost more than RMB10 billion (about US$1.5 billion as of September 2009).

File:Guangzhou East Tower 2012.jpg|The skyscraper under construction in December 2012

• Guangzhou International Finance Center
• List of tallest buildings in Guangzhou
• List of buildings with 100 floors or more

{{Reflist}}

{{commons category|Guangzhou Chow Tai Fook Finance Center}}

• [http://gz.k11.com Official website of shopping mall and office space]
• [https://www.rosewoodhotels.com/en/guangzhou Official website of hotel]

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