Guidon (United States)#Army

The significance and importance of the guidon is that it represents the unit and its commanding officer. When the commander is in service, his or her guidon is displayed for everyone to see. When the commander leaves for the day, the guidon is taken down. It is an honor to be the guidon carrier for a unit, known as a "guidon bearer" or "guide". He or she stands in front of the unit alongside the commander (or the commander's representative), and is the rallying point for troops to fall into formation when the order is given. In drill and ceremonies, the guidon bearers and commander are always in front of the formation.{{Cite web|title=Army Regulation 840-10 Flags, Guidons, Streamers, Tabards, and Automobile and Aircraft Plates|url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/docs/AR840-10.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721170747/https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/docs/AR840-10.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 21, 2020}}

The guidon is a great source of pride for the unit, and several military traditions have developed around it, stemming back from ancient times. Any sort of disgrace toward the guidon is considered a dishonor of the unit as a whole, and punishment is typical. For example, should the guidon bearer drop the guidon, they must fall with it and perform punishment, often in the form of push-ups. Other units may attempt to steal the guidon to demoralize or antagonize the unit. Veteran soldiers know not to give up the guidon to anyone outside their unit, but new recruits may be tempted into relinquishing it by a superior, especially during a unit run.

As described in Chapter 6 of Army Regulation 840-10, guidons are swallow-tailed marker flags in branch-of-service colors, measuring {{convert|20|in|cm}} at the hoist by {{convert|27|in|cm}} at the fly, with the swallow-tail end forked {{convert|10|in|cm}}.{{Cite web|title=ARMY GUIDONS|url=https://dodguidons.com/categories/army-guidons.html|access-date=2022-01-19|website=dodguidons.com}} Previously guidons were made of wool bunting, and if serviceable these older versions may still be used. Current guidons are made of heavyweight rayon banner cloth. Old guidons show letters and numerals reversed as if printed through on the reverse of the guidon. Current guidons are made so that letters and numerals read correctly on both sides.

In general, the following Army units are entitled to guidons: lettered companies, troops, and batteries of regiments and separate battalions; separate numbered TO&E companies; and headquarters elements of groups, brigades, divisions, corps, commands, schools, and similar organizations.

Lettered companies (troops and batteries in the cavalry and field artillery respectively) of battalions (squadrons in the cavalry) have guidons displaying the branch insignia, the company letter, and the battalion and regimental numbers. The base color of the guidon is the first named color of the applicable branch, e.g. scarlet for field artillery, with the letters, numerals and insignia applied in the second named color of the branch, e.g. yellow for field artillery. For companies of separate battalions, the branch insignia is centered on the guidon between the battalion number above and the company letter below. For companies of battalions of regiments, the number above the insignia is that of the regiment; the number of the battalion is vertically centered between the insignia and the hoist. Groups use diagonal stripes of the branch's secondary color.{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyg7.htm|title=US Army Groups: Headquarters Element Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyg1.htm|title=US Army Combat Arms: Company, Battery & Troop Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}

Separate numbered TO&E companies have guidons with their numerical designation under the branch insignia, e.g. the guidon of the 380th Quartermaster Company is buff with the insignia of the Quartermaster Corps over the numerals "380" in ultramarine blue, these being the named colors of the branch. Headquarters companies of groups, brigades, divisions and corps have guidons of a design corresponding to that of their Organizational Flag, e.g. the guidon of a headquarters battery of a Field Artillery Brigade or Fires Brigade would be vertically divided, scarlet and yellow, with the brigade's shoulder sleeve insignia centered.{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyg3.htm|title=US Army Field Armies, Corps & Divisions: Headquarters Element Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyg5.htm|title=US Army Separate Brigades: Headquarters Element Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyg2.htm|title=US Army Combat Support Services: Company & Detachment Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}

Headquarters elements of Army commands, agencies, garrisons, centers, schools, depots and miscellaneous organizations are authorized guidons of distinctive design and colors. Generally these guidons follow the design of the unit's Organizational Flag. Various units not oriented to a specific branch, e.g. US Army Garrisons, have a teal blue guidon with the branch immaterial insignia (the coat of arms of the U.S. within a ring) in yellow.{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyg4.htm|title=US Army Commands & Headquarters: Headquarters Company Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}

Exceptions to the use of branch colors for guidons are found in the infantry and cavalry. The infantry branch colors are light blue and white, but infantry guidons have a field of Old Glory blue (the same shade of blue as used for the canton of the US national flag). The cavalry branch colors are yellow and dark blue. Cavalry guidons, however, are horizontally divided, scarlet over white, with troop letters and squadron/regimental numbers in white and scarlet, but no branch insignia.

There are two types of guidons used by the Corps of Cadets at the United States Military Academy. "Dress" guidons are horizontally divided, golden yellow over silver gray, with the letters "USCC" centered between the regimental number on the upper stripe and the company letter on the lower stripe. "Field" guidons have the regimental number only. All letters and numerals are black.{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyg6.htm|title=US Army Training Units: Company/Battery Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}} Initial entry training platoons carry colored guidons to signify what phase of training they have attained. The guidon bearer normally stands with the platoon guide when stationary and marches at the head of the column. Although IET guidons may have streamers attached, they are typically undecorated.

Any unit citation, war service or campaign streamer may be attached to guidons. Guidon-bearing elements of US Army Regimental System units are entitled to display all streamers awarded to the regiment, with those earned by its own higher echelon (battalion or squadron) denoted by the addition of the Earned Honor Device, an embroidered laurel wreath, at the fly. Streamers for guidons are {{convert|1+3/8|x|24|in|cm}}.{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyst1.htm|title=Unit Decoration Streamers for US Army Colors, Flags & Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usarmyst2.htm|title=Unit Campaign Streamers for US Army Colors, Flags & Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}

In recent years, the ongoing reorganization of the Army has led to the creation of new types of units, e.g. Sustainment Brigades and Fires Brigades, but generally their flags and guidons are of the pattern described above.

File:Guidon of Alpha Company, 1st Battalion, 3rd Marine Regiment.jpg]]

A Marine guidon is always rectangular, {{convert|22|x|28|in|cm}}, with a scarlet field and gold lettering, and an Eagle, Globe, and Anchor centered.{{Cite journal

| title = Flag Manual

| journal = Mco P10520.3B

| date = 15 September 1989

| url = http://www.usmc.mil/directiv.nsf/55fdafde3f044b0585256bd40066708b/aca390d7d0db6adb85256926005ff32b/$FILE/MCO%20P10520.3B.pdf }}{{cite web

| last = McMillan

| first = Joseph

| title = Flags of the U.S. Marine Corps

| publisher = Seaflags

| year = 2001

| url = http://mysite.verizon.net/vzeohzt4/Seaflags/usmc/marine.html

| access-date = 2008-01-10

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071010032334/http://mysite.verizon.net/vzeohzt4/Seaflags/usmc/marine.html

| archive-date = 2007-10-10

| url-status = dead

}}

Recruit training units do not have any branch of service indication on their guidons; boot camp platoon guidons only display the platoon number (such as "3081") During the first phase of training (i.e., before initial drill), the guidon has a red platoon number against a yellow/gold background. During the second and third phases of training, the guidon's foreground and background colorations are exchanged, yielding a yellow/gold platoon number against a scarlet background.

Fleet Marine Forces units have "FMF" emblazoned above the Marine Emblem, non infantry and artillery reserve units display "USMCR," while all infantry, artillery, and active units carry a "USMC". The regimental-level numeral will be displayed in the lower left corner, unless a higher or lower command numeral provides better identification (for example, a battalion HQ company would display the battalion's numeral instead of the regiment). The company level designation letter, abbreviated title, or number will be in the lower right corner.

Charlie Company 1st Battalion 7th Marines "Suicide Charley" is one of the only units authorized a second guidon in the United States Marine Corps. Charlie Company 1/7 a.k.a. "Suicide Charley" is authorized a white guidon with a skull and crossbones.For more information visit [http://www.suicidecharley.com Suicide Charley "C CO 1/7 USMC"]

Fox Company 2nd Battalion 5th Marines "Blackhearts" are authorized white markings on a black guidon, Crossed rifle and shattered paddle and a Ka-Bar inset behind a black heart logo; skull wearing camouflage "Boonie Cover" superimposed at center above "Blackhearts."

No additional attachments are authorized, including streamers, bands, or the like. Some units incorporate additional mascots into unofficial guidons.

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File:USNavyGuidon.svg

Navy ships and squadrons may display a unit guidon while parading ashore. It measures {{convert|20+1/8|x|27+3/4|in|cm}} with a {{convert|10|in|cm}} swallowtail, is blue with white text, and depicts a fouled anchor within a diamond (identical to the insignia of the Naval Infantry Flag).{{cite web|url=http://mysite.verizon.net/vzeohzt4/Seaflags/parade/colors.html|title=Navy Ceremonial Flags and Guidons|last=McMillan|first=Joseph|year=2001|publisher=Seaflags|access-date=19 September 2010}}

Prior to World War II, a red flag was used for naval artillery units.

Companies of the Brigade of Midshipmen attending the United States Naval Academy carry a gold guidon with blue numerals.{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usn1.htm|title=United States Navy: Current Ensigns & Flags|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}{{cite web|url=http://mysite.verizon.net/vzeohzt4/Seaflags/miscnavy/usna.html|title=Flags of the U.S. Naval Academy|last=McMillan|first=Joseph|year=2001|publisher=Seaflags|access-date=19 September 2010}}

Officer Candidate School Companies carry blue guidons with white lettering and a white bulldog.{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/27619775@N05/3867893582/|title=OCS Graduation|last=Williams|first=Rebecca|date=17 July 2009|access-date=20 May 2015}}

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File:USAF - Guidon.png]]

File:850 SCS inactivates 2006-01-31.jpg

In the Air Force, guidons are ultramarine blue wool and gold in nylon or polyester bunting, {{convert|20|x|27|in|cm}} to end of the swallowtail, and forked {{convert|10|in|cm}}. An Air Force yellow American Eagle design appears on the front of the guidon and on the reverse side as if printed through. Above the design is the designation of the parent unit; below it is the designation of the squadron. When the number of the squadron and the parent organization are the same, the lower line indicates only the alphabetical portion of the squadron designation. Numerals and lettering are yellow, from {{convert|1+3/4|x|3+1/2|in|cm}} tall, and in varying widths. Lettering and numerals appear on both sides of the guidon, reading from left to right on both sides.[http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/shared/media/epubs/AFI84-105.pdf Air Force Instruction 84-105] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527002335/http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/shared/media/epubs/AFI84-105.pdf |date=2011-05-27 }}, Organizational Lineage, Honors and Heraldry, 1 FEBRUARY 2006, Incorporating Change 1, 13 May 2008{{cite web|url=http://tmg110.tripod.com/usafu.htm|title=United States Air Force: Organizational Flags & Guidons|last=Gregg|first=Thomas M.|date=July 28, 2010|work=Archive of the Colors|publisher=War Flags|access-date=19 September 2010}}

Campaign and service streamers earned by a unit are displayed on that unit's flag or guidon.

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• Colours, standards and guidons
• Flags of the United States armed forces
• Fanion

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• {{cite web|url=http://www.armystudyguide.com/content/army_board_study_guide_topics/flags/flags-and-guidons-of-the-.shtml|title=Flags and Guidons of the U.S. Army|date=October 10, 2005|publisher=ArmyStudyGuide.com|access-date=19 September 2010}}

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{{Commons category|Guidon standards of the United States}}

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Category:Military flags of the United States

Category:Types of flags