HA Schult#Works

HA Schult was born in Parchim, Mecklenburg. He studied art at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf from 1958 to 1961, where he was a student of Georg Meistermann, Joseph Fassbender, and Karl Otto Götz.Christoph Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, exhibition catalog, Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, 2013, pp. 40-41. Among his fellow students were Gotthard Graubner, Kuno Gonschior"An der Kunstakademie in Düsseldorf studiert er [Kuno Gonschior] von 1957 bis 1961 in der Malklasse von Karl Otto Götz zusammen mit Gotthard Graubner und HA Schult." See [http://www.nrw-museum.de/kuenstler/kuno-gonschior.html Museumsplattform NRW: Kuno Gonschior] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016232855/http://www.nrw-museum.de/kuenstler/kuno-gonschior.html |date=16 October 2016 }}. and, in 1961, Sigmar Polke, Gerhard Richter, and Franz Erhard Walther.Christoph Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, exhibition catalog, Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, 2013, p. 41.Oliver Kornhoff and Barbara Nierhoff write about Götz: "1959-1979 professor at the Academy of Fine Arts Düsseldorf. His first students are Gotthard Graubner, HA Schult and Kuno Gonschior. Followed in 1961 by Gerhard Richter, Sigmar Polke, and Franz Erhard Walther." ("1959-1979 Professur an der Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. Seine ersten Schüler sind Gotthard Graubner, H. A. Schult und Kuno Gonschior. 1961 folgen Gerhard Richter, Sigmar Polke und Franz Erhard Walther.") See Oliver Kornhoff and Barbara Nierhoff, Karl Otto Götz: In Erwartung blitzschneller Wunder, exh. cat., Arp Museum, Remagen (Kerber Christof Verlag, 2010), p. 114.[http://dada.compart-bremen.de/node/724 compArt: Karl Otto Götz]."In the early 1960s I studied painting at the Düsseldorf Academy of Fine Arts, together with today's great painters such as Gotthard Graubner, Sigmar Polke and Gerhard Richter." ("Ich habe Anfang der 60er-Jahre an der Kunstakademie Düsseldorf mit heutigen Malergrößen wie Gotthard Graubner, Sigmar Polke und Gerhard Richter Malerei studiert.") See [http://www.finanzen.net/nachricht/private-finanzen/Euro-Interview-Exklusiv-Muellkuenstler-HA-Schult-Ich-moechte-Unsterblichkeit-Und-die-ist-nicht-kaeuflich-1853055 Axel Griesch, "Müllkünstler HA Schult: Ich möchte Unsterblichkeit. Und die ist nicht käuflich", finanzen.net, 13 May 2012]."Beim Studium in Düsseldorf lernte Schult spätere Erfolgskünstler wie Gotthard Graubner, Sigmar Polke und Gerhard Richter kennen." See [http://koelnreporter.de/hautnah/portraets/ha-schult.html Roberto Di Bella, "Porträt des Kölner Aktionskünstlers HA Schult", Köln Reporter] At that time, he was mainly inspired by three artists: Yves Klein, Georges Mathieu and Jackson Pollock.[https://web.archive.org/web/20111105053433/http://www.br-online.de/download/pdf/alpha/s/schult.pdf "HA Schult: Aktionskünstler, im Gespräch mit Sabine Reeh."] Alpha-Forum, BR-Online, 3 January 2003.

From 1962 to 1967 he worked as an art director for a German bank and some industrial companies. From 1967 to 1978 he lived as an artist in Munich and has also performed a range of diversified jobs over time, including a spell as a taxi driver. During the late 1970s Schult lived in Cologne and from 1980 to 1986 chiefly in New York City, where he became acquainted with Roy Lichtenstein and Robert Rauschenberg.See Christoph Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, exhibition catalog, Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, 2013, p. 41. However, Schult had problems establishing a reputation as an artist in the US, which he attributed to his criticism of America's consumption-driven mentality.[https://www.faz.net/aktuell/beruf-chance/mein-weg/ha-schult-der-muellkuenstler-1831019.html Philip Krohn, "HA Schult, Der Müllkünstler"], Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 3 August 2009. He moved back to Germany in 1986. Schult has been situated in Cologne since 1990.

His son is the German film director, Kolin Schult. Schult was married to Elke Koska for 25 years, who Schult considers his muse[http://www.express.de/koeln/muse-von-ha-schult-elke-koska-und-der-umzug-des-grauens-17848716 Sandra Ebert and Alex Schwaiger, "Muse von HA Schult: Elke Koska und der Umzug des Grauens", Express, 21 November 2010.] - she was also (and still is) his manager,{{cite news|last1=Von Inge Swolek|title=Veedelsspaziergang Elke Koska zeigt uns ihr Köln-Rodenkirchen |url=http://www.ksta.de/koeln/rodenkirchen/sote-elke-koska-zeigt-uns-ihr-koeln-rodenkirchen-22722590|accessdate=15 October 2016|publisher=Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger|date=25 August 2015}} now in cooperation with Anna Zlotovskaya, the Russian classical violinist, Schult married in 2010.[http://www.schwaebische.de/journal/kultur/kunst_artikel,-HA-Schult-hat-geheiratet-_arid,4184215.html "HA Schult hat geheiratet", schwäbische.de, 3 November 2010]

Schult works in the tradition of Pop Art, being influenced by commercial advertising and a critical view of consumerism,José Pierre, DuMont's kleines Lexikon der Pop Art (Cologne: DuMont, 1978), pp. 126-127. but also creates happenings. Peter Ludwig from the Museum Ludwig, Cologne, says: "The entire art movement of the sixties, which was combined under the expression Pop Art, was nothing more than the large-scale attempt to bring art back into a very close relationship with life. ... An action like the one by HA Schult follows here the same line, the attempt to fuse art and life again into one unit, which of course still gives the individual the liberty to accept this as art or not."See Christoph Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, exhibition catalog, Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, 2013, p. 138.[http://www.dioezesanmuseum-paderborn.de/wp-content/downloads/pressemappe_paderborn_innen12022013_pressemappe_paderborn_261112.pdf Diözesanmuseum Paderborn: Die Zeit und der Müll: Trash-Kunst und Konsumkritik.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222083718/http://www.dioezesanmuseum-paderborn.de/wp-content/downloads/pressemappe_paderborn_innen12022013_pressemappe_paderborn_261112.pdf |date=22 December 2015 }} For instance, in Cologne, a happening staged by Schult involving "19 luxury cars worth a total of over 4 million marks (1.8 million dollars)" caused what was described by one source as the "world's most expensive traffic jam".[http://www.news24.com/xArchive/Archive/The-worlds-most-expensive-traffic-jam-20010508 news24: The world's most expensive traffic jam]. However, Schult primarily uses trash as an artistic material both for his object art and happenings. The artist calls himself a "Macher",Hermann Glaser, Kulturgeschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Zwischen Protest und Anpassung 1968-1989 (1989), p. 63.Heiner Stachelhaus, "Achtung! Der Macher geht um! HA Schult in Essen". In Auf den Punkt gebracht: Heiner Stachelhaus, Kunstkritiken 1963 bis 1985 (1985), p. 93. a German word that can mean a "maker" or "worker." According to David Sim, Kim Levin and others, Schult's public extravaganzas have been compared with those of Christo"HA Schult's giant public artworks have been likened to those by Christo." See [http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/load-rubbish-eco-artist-ha-schults-trash-people-sculptures-1443100 David Sim, "A Load of Rubbish: Eco-Artist HA Schult's Trash People Sculptures", International Business Times, April 2, 2014.]"Conceptual artist HA Schult has been called the 'German Christo' for the epic scale of his work." See [https://web.archive.org/web/20121016075305/http://www.inspiredminds.de/detail.php?id=28 "HA Schult: Beautiful Trash"], Deutsche Welle: Inspired Minds. and Jeff Koons."Mit seinen Trash-Objekten stellt HA Schult sich in die Tradition der Pop Art und ihren Angriffen auf mediale Vermittlungsstrategien, Werbung, auf manipulative Vermittlungsstrategien und Gleichschaltungsprozesse. Bei HA Schult geschieht dies meist mit selbstinszenatorischen Impetus und lässt ihn in der Kunstkritik bisweilen in die Nähe von Christo oder Jeff Koons rücken." See [http://www.nrw-museum.de/kuenstler/h-a-schult.html Museumsplattform NRW: HA Schult.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204071312/http://www.nrw-museum.de/kuenstler/h-a-schult.html |date=4 December 2017 }} Schult describes himself as an ardent proponent of the "new ecological consciousness" and was referred to as an "eco-art pioneer" by Washington Post writer Rachel Beckman. Art historian Jens Christian Jensen wrote about Schult: "I do not know another German artist who grasps his tasks so comprehensively, no one who has such a sense of feeling for that what matters in our times. In HA Schult the gap has been closed that has been for 200 years between art and the public.""Ich kenne keinen deutschen Künstler, der seine Aufgabe dermaßen umfassend begreift, keinen, der die Witterung für das besitzt, was unsere Gegenwart umtreibt. Bei Schult ist die Kluft geschlossen, die seit fast zweihundert Jahren zwischen Kunst und Öffentlichkeit klafft." Jens Christian Jensen, "HA Schult – bleibt die Kunst auf der Strecke?" in HA Schult: Die Welt in der wir atmen, exh. cat., Kunsthalle Kiel, 1974, pp. 47-49. Reprinted as Jens Christian Jensen, "Kunst und Leben" in Eugen Thiemann, Christel Denecke, Dieter Treeck and Hans Rudolf Hartung (eds.), HA Schult der Macher (Cologne: Rheinland Verlag, 1978), p. 380.Ernst Wasmuth and Elke Grapenthin, HA Schult: Art is Action (Distributed Art Pub Incorporated, 2001). According to Peter Weibel, "For decades HA Schult has managed to stimulate public awareness using images he has experienced. He stages topics in public places, which are normally edged away from the public. His art work is always directly related to the location where it is shown. He confronts the feudalism, which is manifested in gigantic triumphant buildings with the pauperism of the exploited workers who built them. He pays tribute to the unnamed soldiers and slaves and not to the heroes and sovereigns.""Seit Jahrzehnten gelingt es HA Schult immer wieder, das öffentliche Bewusstsein durch gelebte Bilder zu beleben, indem er auf öffentlichen Plätzen Themen inszeniert, die genau diese Öffentlichkeit zu verdrängen beliebt. Stets stellen seine Arbeiten Beziehungen her zu dem Ort, an dem sie ausgestellt sind. Dem Feudalismus, dessen Macht in gigantischen Bauwerken triumphiert, stellt er den Pauperismus der Ausgebeuteten gegenüber, die die Bauwerke errichteten. Nicht den Namen der Helden und Herrscher, sondern den namenlosen Soldaten und Sklaven zollt er Tribut." Cited in [http://www.dioezesanmuseum-paderborn.de/wp-content/downloads/pressemappe_paderborn_innen12022013_pressemappe_paderborn_261112.pdf Diözesanmuseum Paderborn: Die Zeit und der Müll: Trash-Kunst und Konsumkritik.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222083718/http://www.dioezesanmuseum-paderborn.de/wp-content/downloads/pressemappe_paderborn_innen12022013_pressemappe_paderborn_261112.pdf |date=22 December 2015 }}[http://www.haschult.de/action/trash Peter Weibel (Graz 2006), cited in HA Schult: Art is Life.] According to art historian Gail Levin (Rutgers University), Schult "has made a biting commentary on the indulgent aspects of western society. He calls our attention to our own conspicuous consumption, obsessively returning to the metaphor of garbage, refuse dumps, and debris. He describes his picture boxes as expressing the 'archeology of

everyday life'. Indeed, his concerns are with the excesses of western culture, the rhythms of life in a throwaway society." According to Mark Bradley and Kenneth Stow, "Schult's virtuous and political correct mission to convince the world that (...) 'we live in a time of garbage' and his argument that [his] 'social sculpture' operated as a 'mirror of ourselves' meant that his dirty exhibits-however 'out of place' they might seem-were thoroughly sanitized and legitimated, a powerful warning about what that world might become if it did not moderate its relationship with rubbish."Mark Bradley, ed., Rome, Pollution and Propriety: Dirt, Disease and Hygiene in the Eternal City from Antiquity to Modernity, Cambridge University Press, 2012, p. 1.

In 1969, Schult and two of his fellow artists, Ulrich Herzog and Günter Sarrée, were arrested for covering a street in Munich with trash and paper; they referred to the event as a "happening" and dubbed it "Situation Schackstrasse".[http://www.zeit.de/1970/13/kunst-oder-muell Ursula von Kardorff, "Kunst oder Müll? Geteert und verurteilt"], Die Zeit, 27 March 1970.Ludwig Leiss, Kunst im Konflikt: Kunst und Künstler im Widerstreit mit der 'Obrigkeit' (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1971), pp. 467-68.{{cite book|title=HA Schult der Macher|location=Cologne|veditors=Thiemann E, Denecke C, Treeck D, Hartung HR |year=1978}}, pp. 28-39.Internationale Biennale der Papierkunst. Exh. cat., Leopold-Hoesch-Museum der Stadt Düren, 1988, p. 32. In the same year and during the early and mid-1970s, Schult produced Biokinetic Situations, exhibited at the Museum Morsbroich in Leverkusen and the documenta V in Kassel, installed either on the floors of the museums or within large vitreous display cases, also called "picture boxes".Rolf Wedewer, HA Schult: biokinetische Situationen, exh. cat., Städtisches Museum Morsbroich, 1969.See Christoph Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, exhibition catalog, Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, 2013, pp. 10-11, 34-35. Many of these "situations" shown in over-dimensional glass show cabinets are miniature landscapes consisting of trash, small children's playthings and bacteria, thereby promoting the archeology of an anticipated future. For instance, in an obvious allusion to Neuschwanstein Castle, Schult created Schloss Neu-Wahnstein (1983-1987, Museum Ludwig, Cologne), "built on traditional assembly techniques of Dadaism. As is typical for collages and assemblies, they break the typical perception of the viewer and create new contexts."Caroline Sternberg, in Peter Wolf, Richard Loibl and Evamaria Brockhoff, eds., Götterdämmerung: Schloss Herrenchiemsee, exhibition catalog, Darmstadt 2011. As these works were both inspired by the romantic painting of Caspar David Friedrich and the modern age of consumption and waste, German critics such as Siegfried Salzmann and Hilmar Frank pointed out that Schult has been called "the Romantic of the consumption age" or "Caspar David Friedrich of the consumption age.""Under Caspar David Friedrich’s sky HA Schult proves to be the Romantic of the consumption age" ("Unter Caspar David Friedrichschem Himmel erweist sich HA Schult als der 'Romantiker des Konsumzeitalters.' ") See Siegfried Salzmann, Mythos Europa: Europa und der Stier im Zeitalter der industriellen Zivilisation, exh. cat., Kunsthalle Bremen, 1988, p. 316.[https://books.google.com/books?id=OK3lJe2PnIcC&pg=PA100 Hilmar Frank, "Raum/Zeit-Schichtungen: Bemerkungen zu einem Chronotopos"], in Tatjana Böhme, Klaus Mehner and Tatjana Böhme-Mehner, eds., Zeit und Raum in Musik und Bildender Kunst (Cologne: Böhlau Verlag, 2000), p. 100.For a discussion of the influence of 19th-century German Romantic landscape painting on Schult, see also Karlheinz Nowald, HA Schult: Die Welt, in der wir atmen, exh. cat., Kunsthalle Kiel, 10 March-14 April 1974. Reprinted in Thiemann, Denecke, Treeck and Hartung (eds.), HA Schult der Macher (Cologne: Rheinland Verlag, 1978), p. 384. The artist describes himself as "a Romantic of the consumption age" and "a great moralist".[http://www.zeit.de/1990/11/nichts-zu-sagen Barbara Sichtermann, "Nichts zu sagen"], Die Zeit, 11 (1990).

Der Müll des Franz Beckenbauer: In 1974, Schult stole the contents of the waste containers of the international footballer, Franz Beckenbauer and presented what he had found in the Lenbachhaus, Munich.Hans-Jürgen Jendral, "Epochale Müll-Entdeckung", Süddeutsche Zeitung, 10 December 1974.Christoph Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, exhibition catalog, Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, 2013, pp. 36-37.

Venezia vive: In 1976, the artist filled St. Mark's Square in Venice with old newspapers in an overnight action that surprised the Venetian people and authorities. He called this happening Venezia vive.Gregory Battcock and Robert Nickas, The Art of Performance: A Critical Anthology (Boston, MA: E.P. Dutton, 1984), pp. 330-31.James Wines, De-Architecture (New York: Rizzoli International, 1987), p. 184.Hermann Glaser, Kulturgeschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Zwischen Protest und Anpassung 1968-1989 (1989), p. 387.

Crash: As his contribution to the 1977 documenta VI, he hired a stunt pilot to crash a Cessna into the garbage dump on Staten Island, New York. This happening, which was sent via satellite to the screens in Kassel, he called Crash.See Christoph Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, exhibition catalog, Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, 2013, pp. 13, 41, 156-157.Edward Lucie-Smith, Art in the Seventies (Cornell University Press, 1980), p. 88.

Image:Fluegelauto Koeln.jpg

Now!: In 1983, he created a paper river in downtown New York, using old issues of the New York Times and called this happening Now!HA Schult and Thomas Höpker, Now! Überdosis New York (Munich and Lucerne: Bucher Verlag, 1984)."Papering the Streets", New York Times, 31 October 1983, B4.Kim Levin, "My Weekend as an Artwork", Village Voice, 15 November 1983, p. 103.

The Flügelauto (winged car) is a car as a golden bird. Created in 1991 as part of the performance Fetisch Auto (Fetish Car) in Cologne, this work of art is now displayed on the roof of the Kölnisches Stadtmuseum (Museum of the City of Cologne). Citing the protection of historic monuments, Franz-Josef Antwerpes, the former District President of Cologne, demanded the removal of the car but the competent ministry decided that the artwork could stay in place “temporarily”.Thomas Höpker, Klaus Honnef and Eva Windmöller, Ha Schult, Fetisch Auto (Düsseldorf 1989), p. 125.[https://books.google.com/books?id=itwg8Q8JI2cC&pg=PA279 Horst Johannes Tümmers, Der Rhein: Ein europäischer Fluss und seine Geschichte] (Munich: C. H. Beck, second edition, 1999), pp. 279-80.

In 1994, Schult's happenings Marble Time and Der Krieg (War and Piece) were performed on the Palace Square in Saint Petersburg, two Russian T-80 tanks being the central part of this performance.Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, pp. 162-163.[http://www.berliner-zeitung.de/spektakulaere-medienskulptur-des-aktionskuenstlers-ha-schult-am-freitag-der-krieg---entzweigerissen-17103186 Gerd Henghuber, "Spektakuläre Medienskulptur des Aktionskünstlers HA Schult am Freitag Der Krieg - entzweigerissen", Berliner Zeitung, October 25, 1994.]

File:Trash People of HA Schult Luxembourg 2014 government.jpg

Trash People: Since 1996, Schult has installed one thousand life sized Trash People made from crushed cans, electronic waste and other rubbish as his critical commentary on constant human consumption. They travelled to major tourist sites such as Moscow's Red Square (1999), the Great Wall of China (2001), and the Pyramids of Giza (2002). Schult's installation inspired Chinese artist He Chengyao's first piece of performance art titled Opening the Great Wall.{{cite journal|last=Levin|first=Kim|title=92-93|journal=ARTnews|year=2011|volume=6|pages=92–93|location=New York}}{{cite book|last=Greverus|first=Ina-Maria|title=Ästhetische Orte und Zeichen: Wege zu einer ästhetischen Anthropologie'|year=2005|publisher=LIT Verlag|location=Münster|pages=19–23|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MdsMjEk6C2cC&pg=PA19|isbn=9783825890858}}Pain in Soul: Performance Art and Video Works by He Chengyao (2007), pp. 15, 59-60.

File:Hotel Europe HA Schult 1999.jpg

Friedensspeicher: In 1998, he created the Peace Storage Building in the harbour of Osnabrück made of thousands of corrugated boxes carrying the inscription "piece" in different languages.Stiegemann (ed.), HA Schult: Die Zeit und Der Müll, pp. 164-165.[http://hastsite.interlutions-preview.de/img/fullscreen/08Press/67.pdf HA Schult, Arctic People, 2011, illustration p. 20.][http://www.noz.de/deutschland-welt/kultur/artikel/484932/aktionskunstler-ha-schult-wird-75-jahre-alt#gallery&0&0&484932 "Er schuf in Osnabrück den 'Friedensspeicher': Aktionskünstler HA Schult wird 75 Jahre alt", Osnabrücker Zeitung, June 24, 2014.]

Hotel Europe: In 1999, at Cologne-Bonn airport autobahn, Schult realized Hotel Europe, an empty multistory building covered with 130 oversize portraits of celebrities. It was referred to as the world's largest sculpture until it was blown up on 13 May 2001.Ina-Maria Greverus and Ute Ritschel, eds., Aesthetics and Anthropology: Performing Life, Performed Lives (Berlin: LIT Verlag, 2009), p. 109.

File:Trash People Roma 2007.JPG

File:Flügelauto.jpg

File:Postfuhramt Loveletters 2001 2.jpg, Berlin]]

Love Letters Building: In 2001, the artist created his Love Letters Building in Berlin-Mitte by covering the front of the old Berlin Postfuhramt (post office) with hundreds of thousands of love letters.Birgit Zamulo, HA Schult: LoveLetters (Düsseldorf, 2002).[https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZfXe_Elv6YC Nico Schröter, Kai Giesler and Philipp Kohde, Love Letters Building - Postfuhramt Berlin Mitte - ein Denkmal im Sog von Werbung und Marketing] (Technische Universität Cottbus, 2002).

Trees for Peace (Friedensbäume): In 2003, HA Schult decorated the birch trees on the premises of the Zollverein coal mine in Essen with thousands of painted, written and photographic wishes for peace.HA Schult, Wulf Mämpel, Trees for Peace (Essen: Klartext Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003).

AutoDom: In 2006, Schult created the AutoDom sculpture, using parts from Ford Fiesta and Ford Fusion cars to build a symbolic bridge between Cologne and New York City.[https://web.archive.org/web/20121027114604/http://www2.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=%2Fwww%2Fstory%2F10-17-2006%2F0004452910&EDATE= HA Schult: "AutoDom" Made From Car Parts From Ford Models Fiesta and Fusion Builds a Bridge From Cologne to New York].

Save the Beach: In 2010, Schult created a hotel made of garbage in order to raise awareness of the amount of waste being washed up on European shores. According to the artist, “The philosophy of this hotel is to expose the damage we are causing to the sea and the coastline. We live in the era of trash and we are running the risk of becoming trash ourselves. Do we really want this world?”{{Cite web |url=http://cubeme.com/blog/2010/07/12/safe-the-beach-hotel-built-from-beach-debris-by-ha-schult/ |title=Save the Beach 2010. |access-date=12 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717080414/http://cubeme.com/blog/2010/07/12/safe-the-beach-hotel-built-from-beach-debris-by-ha-schult/ |archive-date=17 July 2012 |url-status=dead }} This work was exhibited in June 2010 in Rome[http://www.zeit.de/newsticker/2010/6/5/iptc-bdt-20100604-831-25054044xml "HA Schult errichtet 'Müll-Hotel' in Rom."] Die Zeit, 5 June 2010. and in January 2011 in Madrid.[http://www.bild.de/reise/2011/madrid/muell-schrott-kunst-strand-ha-schult-15627688.bild.html "Von HA Schult in Madrid gebaut: Dieses Hotel ist echt (aus) Schrott!"] ''Bild, 24 January 2011.

In March 2013, he created a heart out of garbage collected by pupils from Paderborn in order to demonstrate the young people what they are throwing away daily.[https://archive.today/20130412071429/http://www.erzbistum-paderborn.de/38-Nachrichten/15239,Ein-%84Herz-aus-M%FCll%93-im-Herzen-Paderborns-.html Ein "Herz aus Müll" im Herzen Paderborns.]{{Cite web |url=http://www.wdr2.de/kultur/haschult100.html |title=Kunstaktion in Paderborn: Herz aus Müll. |access-date=26 March 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130412100552/http://www.wdr2.de/kultur/haschult100.html |archive-date=12 April 2013 |url-status=dead }} This happening was part of an exhibition of his works at the Diözesanmuseum Paderborn.[https://www.welt.de/newsticker/news3/article113816771/HA-Schult-bringt-Muell-in-christliche-Hallen.html "HA Schult bringt Müll in christliche Hallen"], Die Welt, 21 February 2013.

In 2015, Schult started his Action Blue world tour with a hybrid electric car from Paris to Beijing, which critically reflects the natural resources air and water on earth.[http://www.focus.de/kultur/vermischtes/ha-schult-aktionskuenstler-ha-schult-faehrt-hybrid-rallye-fuer-die-umwelt_id_4769539.html "Aktionskünstler HA Schult fährt Hybrid-Rallye für die Umwelt"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160930221236/http://www.focus.de/kultur/vermischtes/ha-schult-aktionskuenstler-ha-schult-faehrt-hybrid-rallye-fuer-die-umwelt_id_4769539.html |date=30 September 2016 }}, Focus, 23 June 2015.[http://www.haschult.de/img/fullscreen/01Action/05ActionBlue/Press%20Kit%20Action%20Blue%202016.pdf Action Blue Go East, Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie (Center for Art and Media), Karlsruhe, 2015], curated by Peter Weibel.[http://www.ehfotoundgrafie.com/2015/06/22/zkm-globale-ha-schult-action-blue/ ZKM Globale: HA Schult - Action Blue] This journey, including stops at various art and cultural institutions, took him from Paris via Luxembourg, Trier, Karlsruhe, Cologne, Düsseldorf, Melsungen, Berlin, Warsaw, Vilnius, Riga, Tallinn, Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Chaykovsky, Ufa, Chelyabinsk, Petropavl, Astana, Karaganda, Balkhash City, Balkhash Lake, Almaty, Dunhuang, Yueya Quan, through the Gobi desert and Yinchuan, Yan'An, Xi'an, Taiyuan, Shijiazhuang to Beijing.{{Cite web |url=http://action-blue.de/ |title=HA Schult: Action Blue: Rallye Paris–Karlsruhe–Peking |access-date=17 October 2016 |archive-date=2 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002060733/http://action-blue.de/ |url-status=dead }} The artist also created "Aqua Pictures", using samples collected during that tour.[http://www.altertuemliches.at/termine/ausstellung/37280 "HA Schult - Aqua Pictures - die Natur pinselt sich selbst", Galerie Schrade Schloss Mochental, 16 January - 12 March 2016.]

Schult's art is to be found in many public collections, such as the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, NYC; the Museum of Modern Art, NYC; the Roy Lichtenstein Foundation, NYC; the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC; the Tate Gallery, London; the Centre Pompidou, Paris; the State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg; the Zendai Museum, Shanghai; the Neue Galerie im Joanneum, Graz; the Center for Art and Media, Karlsruhe; the Museum Ludwig, Cologne; the German Historical Museum, Berlin; the Museum of Contemporary History of Germany, Bonn; and the Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA.[http://www.haschult.de/img/fullscreen/01Action/05ActionBlue/Press%20Kit%20Action%20Blue%202016.pdf Peter Weibel (curator), Action Blue Go East, Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie (Center for Art and Media), Karlsruhe, 2015, p. 25.]

In an interview in Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung on the occasion of the artist's 70th birthday, Philip Krohn noted that art critics have described Schult's work as overly commercial and shallow, and said that he has had no new ideas in a long time. Some conservative critics in the 1960s questioned whether Schult's early works qualify as art."An action like the one by HA Schult ... of course still gives the individual the liberty to accept this as art or not." Peter Ludwig (1970), cited in [http://www.dioezesanmuseum-paderborn.de/wp-content/downloads/pressemappe_paderborn_innen12022013_pressemappe_paderborn_261112.pdf Diözesanmuseum Paderborn: Die Zeit und der Müll: Trash-Kunst und Konsumkritik.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222083718/http://www.dioezesanmuseum-paderborn.de/wp-content/downloads/pressemappe_paderborn_innen12022013_pressemappe_paderborn_261112.pdf |date=22 December 2015 }} What was being criticized were happenings such as the "Situation Schackstraße" (1969),Leiss, Kunst im Konflikt (1971), pp. 467-468. but also happenings and installations such as the Biokinetic Situation in the Museum Morsbroich (1969).Jürgen Schilling, Aktionskunst: Identität von Kunst und Leben? (1978), pp. 168-169. Others have argued that Schult's works are too bizarre for the commercial art market.

In 1986, the artist founded the HA Schult Museum für Aktionskunst in Essen. In 1992, this museum was moved to Cologne. In 2009, Schult was the founder of the ÖkoGlobe-Institut, established at the University Duisburg-Essen. He is also one of the directors of this eco institute."Initiiert wurde der ÖkoGlobe im Jahr 2007 vom Aktionskünstler HA Schult." [http://www.uni-due.de/oekoglobe/ Universität Duisburg-Essen: ÖkoGlobe: ÖkoGlobe-Institut].

• Jürgen Schilling, Aktionskunst. Identität von Kunst und Leben? Eine Dokumentation (Luzern and Frankfurt am Main: Verlag C.J. Bucher, 1978), pp. 168–71.
• Juliane Roh, Deutsche Kunst der 60er Jahre (Munich: Bruckmann, 1976), pp. 256, 271–73, 292.
• [https://books.google.com/books?id=tmjfLIxnxXYC&pg=PA122 Martin Schuster, Rituale, Kunst und Kunsttherapie] (Berlin: Medizinisch-wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, 2008), pp. 122–23.
• [https://www.derwesten.de/kultur/aktionskuenstler-ha-schult-der-macher-und-sein-muell-id370213.html Stefanie Stadel, "Aktionskünstler HA Schult: Der Macher und sein Müll"], Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, 1 June 2009.

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• [http://www.haschult.de/ HA Schult Online]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120717080414/http://cubeme.com/blog/2010/07/12/safe-the-beach-hotel-built-from-beach-debris-by-ha-schult/ Save the Beach 2010]

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Category:1939 births

Category:Living people

Category:People from Parchim

Category:People from Mecklenburg

Category:Kunstakademie Düsseldorf alumni

Category:German contemporary artists