HNLMS Tjerk Hiddes (G16)
{{other ships|HMS Nonpareil|HNLMS Tjerk Hiddes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2015}}
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{{Infobox ship image | Ship image=File:Torpedobootjager Hr.Ms.Tjerk Hiddes (G16) (ex. Non Pareil) onder Nederlandse vlag met Brits kenteken G16 (2158 012325).jpg | Ship caption=The camouflaged Tjerk Hiddes, 1942 }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header= | Ship country={{nowrap|United Kingdom}} | Ship flag= {{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}} | Ship name=HMS Nonpareil | Ship namesake= | Ship ordered= | Ship awarded= | Ship builder=William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton | Ship original cost= | Ship yard number= | Ship way number= | Ship laid down= 22 May 1940 | Ship launched= 25 June 1941 | Ship sponsor= | Ship christened= | Ship struck= | Ship reinstated= | Ship identification= | Ship fate=Transferred to Royal Netherlands Navy | Ship notes= | Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header=title | Ship country= Netherlands | Ship flag= {{shipboxflag|Netherlands|naval}} | Ship name=HNLMS Tjerk Hiddes | Ship namesake=Tjerk Hiddes de Vries | Ship launched= | Ship sponsor= | Ship christened= | Ship acquired=27 May 1942 | Ship commissioned= 30 October 1942 | Ship decommissioned= | Ship in service= | Ship out of service= | Ship renamed= | Ship reclassified= | Ship refit= | Ship struck= | Ship reinstated= | Ship identification=Pennant number: G16 | Ship motto= | Ship nickname= | Ship honours= | Ship fate=Sold to Indonesia, 1 March 1951 | Ship notes= | Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header=title | Ship country=Indonesia | Ship flag= {{shipboxflag|Indonesia|naval}} | Ship name=RI Gadjah Mada | Ship namesake=Gajah Mada | Ship acquired=1 March 1951 | Ship commissioned= | Ship decommissioned= | Ship in service= | Ship out of service= | Ship renamed= | Ship reclassified= | Ship refit= | Ship struck= | Ship reinstated= | Ship identification= | Ship motto= | Ship nickname= | Ship honours= | Ship fate=Scrapped, 1961 | Ship notes= | Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption=(as built) |Ship class= N-class destroyer |Ship displacement=*{{convert|1773|LT|t|lk=on}} (standard) |Ship length= {{convert|356|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on|1}} (o/a) |Ship beam= {{convert|35|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on|1}} |Ship draught= {{convert|12|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on|1}} |Ship power=*2 × Admiralty 3-drum boilers
|Ship propulsion= 2 shafts; 2 geared steam turbines |Ship speed= {{convert|36|kn|lk=in}} |Ship range= {{cvt|5500|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}} |Ship complement=183 |Ship sensors=*ASDIC |Ship EW= |Ship armament=*3 × twin 4.7 in (120 mm) guns
}} |
The destroyer HNLMS Tjerk Hiddes was a British built, Dutch warship of World War II. She was laid down on 22 May 1940 as a British N-class destroyer and launched on 25 June 1941 as HMS Nonpareil, but on 27 May 1942, she was transferred to the Royal Dutch Navy. The ship was commissioned in 1942Sources vary on this ship's commissioning date, some authoritative ones quoting October 1942. Since she is reliably listed as an escort for military convoy WS21P, from UK to the Middle East in July and August 1942, completion by June 1942 seems correct. as HNLMS Tjerk Hiddes, named after the 17th century Dutch admiral, Tjerk Hiddes de Vries. Much of her war service was with the Royal Navy and United States Navy in the Indian Ocean and Australia, under the command of W. J. Kruys. Following the war, the destroyer was sold to Indonesia and renamed RI Gadjah Mada. She was scrapped in 1961.
War service
File:Right to left- HMS Nonpareil, HMS Offa and HMS Norseman at Scapa Flow-25-June 1942.jpg at Scapa Flow, 25 June 1942]]
Acceptance trials started on 6 May; she was commissioned into the Royal Netherlands Navy service on 27 May and Tjerk Hiddes was allocated to serve with the British Royal Navy's 7th Destroyer Flotilla in the Eastern Fleet.{{cite web | last = Mason | first = Lt Cdr (Retd) Geoffrey B | title = Dutch HNethMS TJERK HIDDES (G 16), ex-HMS NONPAREIL – N-class Destroyer | work = SERVICE HISTORIES of ROYAL NAVY WARSHIPS in WORLD WAR 2 | publisher = | year = 2003 | url = http://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-10DD-45N-HMS_Nonpareil.htm | accessdate = 9 Nov 2014 }}
At Scapa Flow, in June and early July, she worked-up with the Home Fleet and prepared for foreign service. In mid-July at the Clyde, she joined the escortWS21P's escort also included the cruiser {{HMS|Orion|85|6}} and a sister ship, the Australian destroyer {{HMAS|Nepal|G25|6}} of military convoy WS21P from the Clyde to the Indian Ocean. During the voyage, on 5 August the convoy was augmented by eight ships of Convoy AS4, carrying equipment for the 8th Army in Egypt. On 20 August, Tjerk Hiddes and Nepal left the convoy, sailing to Kilindini, in Kenya.
In September, Tjerk Hiddes joined the forces allocated to support landings to complete the occupation of Madagascar (Operation Streamline Jane), which was under the control of Vichy forces, and participated in preparatory exercises. On 9 September she left Kilindini to rendezvous with the assault convoy and its escortThe assault convoy's escort included the aircraft carrier {{HMS|Illustrious|87|6}}, cruisers {{HMS|Birmingham|C19|6}} and {{HNLMS|Jacob van Heemskerck|1939|6}}. Force M provided cover and control of landings and included battleship {{HMS|Warspite|03|6}}, cruisers {{HMS|Gambia|48|6}} and {{HMS|Dauntless|D45|6}}, minelayer {{HMS|Manxman|M70|6}}, monitor {{HMS|Erebus|I02|6}}, seaplane carrier HMS Albatross, destroyers {{HMS|Foxhound|H69|6}}, {{HMS|Hotspur|H01|2}}, {{HMS|Arrow|H42|2}}, {{HMS|Active|H14|2}}, {{HMS|Inconstant|H49|2}} and {{HMS|Fortune|H70|2}}, {{HMAS|Napier|G97|6}}, {{HMAS|Norman|G49|6}}, Nepal and {{HNLMS|Van Galen|G84|6}}, and escort destroyer {{HMS|Blackmore|L43|6}} on passage to Majunga for the landings. The two Dutch destroyers, {{HNLMS|Van Galen|G84|2}} and Tjerk Hiddes were deployed as screen for HMS Illustrious.
On 26–27 September, Tjerk Hiddes returned to Kilindini for convoy escort duties in the Indian Ocean. (At this time, other vessels of the 7th Flotilla were returning from detached service in Mediterranean.) Escort duties continued through October until her deployment for convoy defence between Sydney and Fremantle, under the control of the United States 7th Fleet.
On 4, 11 and 15 December 1942, she made three nightly voyages to evacuate around 1000 Australian and Dutch troops as well as civilians from the island of Timor who were caught behind enemy lines after the battle of Timor. Lieutenant commander W. J. Kruys was awarded the U.S. Legion of Merit for the Timor mission. The crew received the Expedition Cross.[https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1960/february/hnms-tjerk-hiddes-timor-ferry HNMS Tjerk Hiddes—Timor Ferry]. Rear Admiral C. V. Gordon, United States Naval Institute Proceedings, February 1960.[https://navalinstitute.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/headmark-087-23-1-January-March-1997.pdf Timor Triumph. HNIMS Tjerk Hiddes at Timor-1942]. Graham Wilson. Journal of the Australian Naval Institute, January/March 1997.Legion of Merit. Award by Mr Roosevelt. Dutch recipient in W.A.. The West Australian, Sat 18 September 1943.
Between 18 and 24 February 1943, she was deployed with sister ship Van Galen and cruisers {{HMAS|Adelaide|1918|6}} and {{HNLMS|Tromp|1937|6}} to escort a troop convoy between Fremantle and Melbourne (Operation Pamphlet; this military convoy was carrying the 9th Australian Division, recalled from the Middle East in response to the apparent Japanese threat to Australia).
In January 1944, the Dutch ships Tjerk Hiddes, Van Galen and Tromp were transferred to the Eastern Fleet. On arrival in Trincomalee in February, Tjerk Hiddes rejoined the 7th Destroyer Flotilla for fleet screening and convoy protection duties in the Indian Ocean. From 22 to 24 February, she joined an unsuccessful search for a German blockade runner en route from Japan to GermanyThe search was performed by cruiser {{HMS|Gambia|48|6}} with destroyers {{HMS|Rotherham|H09|6}} and Tjerk Hiddes.
On 22 March, Tjerk Hiddes deployed with a large fleetOperation Diplomat naval force included the Australian destroyers HMAS Norman, Nepal, Napier and {{HMAS|Quiberon|G81|2}}, British destroyers {{HMS|Quilliam|G09|6}}, {{HMS|Pathfinder|G10|2}}, {{HMAS|Queenborough|G70|2}} and {{HMS|Quality|G62|2}} and Dutch destroyers HNLMS Tjerk Hiddes and Van Galen as screen for the capital ships. These were the battlecruiser {{HMS|Renown|1916|6}}, battleships {{HMS|Queen Elizabeth|1913|6}} and {{HMS|Valiant|1914|2}}, aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious, cruisers {{HMS|London|69|6}}, {{HMS|Ceylon|30|2}}, {{HMS|Cumberland|57|2}} and Gambia. to practice at-sea refuelling and to rendezvous with the US aircraft carrier {{USS|Saratoga|CV-3|6}}. Saratoga{{'}}s role was predominantly to act as a mentor for Commonwealth units intended for service in the western Pacific (as the British Pacific Fleet) with the United States Navy, where these units would have to convert to use American procedures. As a part of the retraining, Commonwealth and United States naval aircraft executed attacks on Japanese oil installations. Apart from the training and the damage thus caused, it was hoped that Japanese forces would be diverted from regions where the Americans planned to take the offensive.
Tjerk Hiddes had to return prematurely to Trincomalee on 25 March, with mechanical defects, and remained under repair until June, when she returned to convoy escort duties in the Indian Ocean.
In October 1944, she returned to the United Kingdom, joining the 8th Destroyer Flotilla at Plymouth on convoy duties in the Southwest Approaches. She moved to Dundee for a refit from May to August 1945, by which time the war was over.
Post war
File:Aankomst Tjerk Hiddes in Rotterdam, Bestanddeelnr 903-6348.jpg, October 1949]]
Tjerk Hiddes resumed peace time service with the Royal Netherlands Navy after completion of the refit at Dundee. She returned to the Dutch East Indies, and was transferred to newly independent Indonesia in March 1951. She was renamed RI Gadjah Mada and became the flagship of the Indonesian Navy.
On 17 April 1958, Gadjah Mada took part in Operation 17 August ({{langx|id|Operasi 17 Agustus}}), an amphibious landing to crush PRRI rebellion in West Sumatra.[https://historia.id/militer/articles/perang-saudara-bersandi-17-agustus-vQJyj/ Historia.id, Perang Saudara Bersandi 17 Agustus] She acted as shore bombardment to support Indonesian Marines landing on Tabing Beach, Padang.{{cite book|last=Haryadi|first= Yosafat Robert|title=Sejarah Kavaleri Korps Marinir|publisher=Penerbit Karunia|year=2019|location=Surabaya| pages = 235 & 238–239 | isbn=978-979-9039-97-2}}
File:RI Gadjah Mada, Jalesveva Jayamahe, p32.jpg
In June 1958, destroyer Gadjah Mada along with Bathurst-class corvette RI Pati Unus and Albatros-class corvettes RI Sultan Hasanudin and RI Pattimura took part as shore bombardment in Operation Independence I ({{langx|id|Operasi Merdeka I}}), an amphibious landing at Kema, North Sulawesi to capture the Permesta rebel capital of Manado.
She was removed from the active list in 1961. The ship was scrapped in 1961Colledge, p.445 by F. Rijsdijk, in Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht.{{cite book | last = Whitley | first = M J | title = Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia | publisher = Arms and Armour Press | date = 2000 | location = London | pages = 117 & 214
Notes
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References
- {{Cite Colledge2006}}
- {{cite book|last=English|first=John|title=Afridi to Nizam: British Fleet Destroyers 1937–43|publisher=World Ship Society|location=Gravesend, Kent|year=2001|isbn=0-905617-64-9}}
- {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Destroyers & Frigates: The Second World War and After|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|date=2006|isbn=1-86176-137-6}}
- {{cite book|last=Haryadi|first= Yosafat Robert|title=Sejarah Kavaleri Korps Marinir|publisher=Penerbit Karunia|year=2019|location=Surabaya|isbn=978-979-9039-97-2}} (in Indonesian)
- {{cite book |last=Hodges |first=Peter |author2=Friedman, Norman |title=Destroyer Weapons of World War 2 |year=1979 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=Greenwich |isbn=978-0-85177-137-3 }}
- {{cite book|last=Langtree|first=Charles|title=The Kelly's: British J, K, and N Class Destroyers of World War II |year=2002|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=1-55750-422-9}}
- {{cite book|last=Lenton|first=H. T.|title=British & Empire Warships of the Second World War |publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=1998 |isbn=1-55750-048-7 |author-link=Henry Trevor Lenton}}
- {{cite book|last=March|first=Edgar J.|title=British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans|year=1966|publisher=Seeley Service|location=London |oclc=164893555}}
- {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two |publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005 |edition=Third Revised |isbn=1-59114-119-2|author-link=Jürgen Rohwer}}
- {{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia |year=2000| publisher=Cassell & Co.|location=London|isbn=1-85409-521-8|author-link=Michael J. Whitley}}
External links
- [http://www.netherlandsnavy.nl/Special_usni.htm HNMS Tjerk Hiddes – Timor Ferry]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235150/http://www.easttimor.org.uk/battleoftimor.htm The Battle of Timor (1942–43)]
- [http://www.unithistories.com/units_dutch/images/navy_destroyer_hiddesii.jpg Picture of HNLMS Tjerk Hiddes]
- [https://www.indomiliter.com/kri-gadjah-mada-flagship-dan-destroyer-pertama-tni-al/ KRI Gadjah Mada: Flagship dan Destroyer Pertama TNI-AL (in Indonesian)]
{{J, K and N class destroyer}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tjerk Hiddes}}
Category:J, K and N-class destroyers of the Royal Navy
Category:Ships built on the River Clyde
Category:World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom