Haiku (operating system)#Software

On 17 August 2001 Palm, Inc. announced the purchase of Be, Inc., marking the end of BeOS development. The day after, Michael Phipps started the OpenBeOS project{{Cite web |date=2009-11-28 |title=The History Channel: 2003 Interview with Michael Phipps |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/blog/koki/2009-11-28_history_channel_2003_interview_michael_phipps/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}} to support the BeOS user community by creating an open-source, backward-compatible replacement for BeOS.{{Cite web |title=Haiku Operating System |url=https://www.operating-system.org/betriebssystem/_english/bs-haiku.htm |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.operating-system.org}} Palm refused to license the BeOS code to a third-party,{{Cite web |last=Orlowski |first=Andrew |title=Palm scuppers BeOS co-op hopes |url=https://www.theregister.com/2002/01/15/palm_scuppers_beos_coop_hopes/ |access-date=November 24, 2023 |website=The Register |language=en}} meaning that OpenBeOS had to be reverse-engineered.{{Cite web |last=Thibodeau |first=Patrick |date=2003-09-15 |title=Microsoft Agrees to Settle Suit by Former Rival Be |url=https://www.computerworld.com/article/2572937/microsoft-agrees-to-settle-suit-by-former-rival-be.html |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Computerworld |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902105933/https://www.computerworld.com/article/2572937/microsoft-agrees-to-settle-suit-by-former-rival-be.html |archive-date=2022-09-02 |url-status=dead}} In 2003, Phipps founded the non-profit organization Haiku, Inc. in Rochester, New York, United States, to financially support development.{{Cite web |title=About Haiku, Inc. - Haiku, Inc. |url=https://www.haiku-inc.org/about/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.haiku-inc.org}}

In 2004, the project held its first North American developers' conference, WalterCon;{{Cite web |title=Project History |url=https://haiku-chinese.github.io/about/history/index.html |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}} it was also announced on this day that OpenBeOS was renamed to Haiku to avoid infringing on Palm's trademarks.{{Cite web |title=OpenBeOS Becomes Haiku – OSnews |url=https://www.osnews.com/story/7423/OpenBeOS-Becomes-Haiku/ |website=www.osnews.com}} The BeUnited.org nonprofit organization, which promoted open standards for BeOS-compatible operating system projects,{{Cite web |title=yellowTAB and beunited.org co-operate on Java Port – OSnews |url=https://www.osnews.com/story/5250/yellowtab-and-beunitedorg-co-operate-on-java-port/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.osnews.com}} announced that Haiku would be its "reference platform".{{Cite web |date=2004-07-11 |title=beunited.org - Open Standards BeOS-compatible Operating Systems |url=http://www.beunited.org:80/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040711082204/http://www.beunited.org:80/ |archive-date=July 11, 2004 }} In February 2007, the project held a Tech Talk at Googleplex, attended by ex-Be engineers as well as Jean-Louis Gassée who voiced his support for the project.{{Cite web |title='Haiku Tech Talk At Google a Success' – OSnews |url=https://www.osnews.com/story/17264/haiku-tech-talk-at-google-a-success/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.osnews.com}} There is also an annual conference, BeGeistert, held in Germany since 1998 when BeOS was active.Haiku Support Association (2014). [http://haiku-support-association.org/begeistert-eng.html "BeGeistert"]. Retrieved on October 24, 2014.HPS (2000-10-06). [http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/BeOS-Fans-machen-Dampf-28954.html "BeOS Fans machen Dampf"] (BeOS fans go for it). Heise online. {{in lang|de}}

Apart from the graphical user interface (Tracker and Deskbar, which were open sourced with BeOS 5), Haiku is original software.{{Cite web |last=Proven |first=Liam |title=BeOS rebuild Haiku has a new feature that runs Windows apps |url=https://www.theregister.com/2022/01/10/haiku_linux_wine/ |date=10 Jan 2022 |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=The Register |language=en}} The modular design{{Cite web |date=December 31, 2012 |title=Haiku: BeOS for the 21st Century |url=https://www.maketecheasier.com/haiku-beos-for-the-21st-century/ |first1=Ruji |last1= Chapnik |website=Make Tech Easier |access-date=September 29, 2015}} of BeOS allowed individual components of Haiku to initially be developed in teams in relative isolation, in many cases developing them as replacements for the BeOS components prior to the completion of other parts of the operating system.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}

The first project by OpenBeOS was a community-created "stop-gap" update for BeOS 5.0.3 in 2002, featuring open source replacement for some BeOS components.{{Cite web |date=2006-05-11 |title= Blog Archive » OpenBeOS First Release |website=BeGroovy |last1=Ryan |url=https://www.begroovy.com/wordpress/?p=260 |access-date=2023-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060511131411/https://www.begroovy.com/wordpress/?p=260 |archive-date=May 11, 2006 }} The kernel of NewOS, for x86, SuperH, and PowerPC architectures was successfully forked that same year,{{Cite web |last=pavroo |date=2023-05-02 |title=NewOS |url=https://archiveos.org/newos/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=ArchiveOS |language=en-US}} and Haiku has been based on it since.{{Cite web |title=OpenBeOS-NewOS Fork Complete – OSnews |url=https://www.osnews.com/story/1155/openbeos-newos-fork-complete/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.osnews.com}} The app_server window manager was completed in 2005.{{Cite web |date=2005-07-27 |title=beunited.org - Open Standards BeOS-compatible Operating Systems |url=http://www.beunited.org/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050727022459/http://www.beunited.org/ |archive-date=July 27, 2005 }} In July 2006, Haiku developer Stephan Aßmus introduced Icon-O-Matic, an icon editor, and a storage format (HVIF) with a rendering engine based on Anti-Grain Geometry.{{cite web | url=http://www.freelists.org/post/haiku/Icon-Artwork | title=[openbeos] Icon Artwork - openbeos - FreeLists }} The PackageInstaller was created by Lukasz Zemczak at the 2007 Google Summer of Code.{{Cite web |date=2007-10-03 |title=IsComputerOn - Another Haiku Student Blogs: Package Installer. |url=http://joomla.iscomputeron.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=991&Itemid=2 |access-date=2023-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071003030653/http://joomla.iscomputeron.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=991&Itemid=2 |archive-date=October 3, 2007 }}

File:Haiku b17160.png

Java support was eventually added by a team from BeUnited who had ported it to BeOS,{{Cite web |title=beunited.org - Open Standards BeOS-compatible Operating Systems - how the system developed |url=https://www.beunited.org/development/index.php |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.beunited.org}}{{Cite web |date=2008-01-03 |title=New Java for Haiku Team Formed |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/news/2008-01-03_new_java_for_haiku_team_formed/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}} followed by WLAN from the FreeBSD stack.{{cite web |date=2009-07-14 |title=WiFi stack prototype works |url=http://www.haiku-os.org/blog/coling/2009-07-12/wifi_stack_prototype_works |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221171952/http://www.haiku-os.org/blog/coling/2009-07-12/wifi_stack_prototype_works |archive-date=2010-02-21 |access-date=2010-02-20}} Alongside a port to GCC4, the first alpha release finally arrived after seven years of development.{{Cite web |date=2009-09-16 |title=Haiku Alpha 1 available now: BeOS lovers of the world rejoice |url=https://www.engadget.com/2009-09-16-haiku-alpha-1-available-now-beos-lovers-of-the-world-rejoice.html |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Engadget |language=en-US}} Initially targeting full BeOS 5 compatibility, a community poll was launched to redefine the future of Haiku beyond a free software refactoring of BeOS from the late 1990s. It was decided to add support for contemporary systems, protocols, hardware, web standards, and compatibility with FLOSS libraries.{{Cite web|last=Pearce|first=Rohan|date=September 7, 2018|title=Beta release nears for BeOS-inspired open source OS Haiku|url=https://www.computerworld.com/article/3464070/beta-release-nears-for-beos-inspired-open-source-os-haiku.html|access-date=October 21, 2020|website=Computerworld|language=en}} On October 27, 2009, Haiku obtained Qt4 support.{{cite web|url=http://www.osnews.com/story/22397/Qt4_Ported_to_Haiku_Developer_Preview_Release_Available|title=Qt4 Ported to Haiku, Developer Preview Release Available|date=October 27, 2009}}

The WebPositive browser was first preloaded with Alpha2, replacing BeZillaBrowser.{{Cite web |date=2010-07-16 |title=Release Notes {{!}} Haiku Project |url=http://www.haiku-os.org/get-haiku/release-notes |access-date=2023-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716122426/http://www.haiku-os.org/get-haiku/release-notes |archive-date=July 16, 2010 }} After this, much time was spent on building a package management system, which went live in September 2013.{{Cite web |date=2013-09-27 |title=Package Management Goes Live |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/blog/bonefish/2013-09-28_package_management_goes_live/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}} Beta1 arrived in 2018, and one of the most notable new features{{Cite web |title=R1/beta1 – Release Notes |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/get-haiku/r1beta1/release-notes/ |access-date=2021-05-22 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}} was the PackageFS and package installation through the HaikuDepot and pkgman; Beta1 was the first official Haiku release to support full package management.{{Cite web |date=2018-10-17 |title=Haiku R1/beta1 review - revisiting BeOS, 18 years after its latest official release |url=https://no-title.victordomingos.com/articles/2018/haiku_r1_beta1_review_revisiting_beos/index.html |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=The No Title® Tech Blog |language=en}}

Wine was first ported to Haiku in 2022.

File:Haiku Boot Loader screenshot.png

{{Expand section|date=November 2023}}

As with BeOS, Haiku is written in C++ and provides an object-oriented API.{{Cite web |title=Haiku is an open-source operating system for those who miss NeXTStep |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/haiku-is-an-open-source-operating-system-for-those-who-miss-nextstep/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=ZDNET |language=en}} The Haiku kernel is a modular hybrid kernel which began as a fork of NewOS, a modular monokernel written by former Be Inc. engineer Travis Geiselbrecht.{{Cite web |title=Google Fuchsia {{!}} Operating system projects |url=https://os-projects.eu/google-fuchsia |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=os-projects.eu}} Many features have been implemented, including a virtual file system (VFS) layer and symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) support.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} It runs on 32-bit and 64-bit x86 processors, and recently has been ported to RISC-V;{{Cite web |last=Lunduke |first=Bryan |date=2023-05-08 |title=Haiku makes huge progress on RISC-V support |url=https://lunduke.substack.com/p/haiku-makes-huge-progress-on-risc |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=The Lunduke Journal of Technology}} there is also a port for ARM under development, but is currently far behind the x86 port.{{Cite web |title=Compiling Haiku for Arm |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/guides/building/compiling-arm/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}}

The application program interface (API) is based on that of BeOS, which is divided into a number of "kits" which collect related classes together and bear some relation to the library which contains the supporting code. In 2007, Access Co Ltd, the owners of Be, Inc's intellectual property, released the text of this (BeBook) under a Creative Commons licence.{{Cite web |date=2007-04-03 |title=ACCESS Co. Releases BeBook and Be Newsletters |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/news/2007-04-03_access_co_releases_bebook_and_be_newsletters/ |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=The Be Book |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/legacy-docs/bebook/TheBeBook_Introduction.html |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=www.haiku-os.org}} The boot loader is filesystem agnostic and can also chainload GRUB, LILO and NTLDR.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}

Since the Beta1 release, Haiku's memory management includes ASLR, DEP, and SMAP.{{Cite web |title=Haiku R1/beta1 |url=https://tweakers.net/downloads/45799/haiku-r1-beta1.html |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Tweakers |language=NL}}File:KDL 20200727 Kernel Debugging Land ScreenShot R1B2.png]]

Graphics operations and window management is handled by the app_server protocol.{{Cite web |title=Division of Labor: Kits, Libraries, Servers, and Teams |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/documents/dev/division_of_labor_kits_libraries_servers_and_teams/ |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}} VESA is used as a fallback video output mode.{{Cite web |title=Screen |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/en/preferences/screen.html |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=www.haiku-os.org}} Haiku is POSIX compatible and has translation layers for X11 and Wayland.

File:Deskbar of the Haiku operating system.PNG

The graphical user interface is formed of Tracker, a file manager, and the Deskbar, an always-on-top taskbar that is placed in the upper right corner of the screen containing a menu, tray, and a list of running programs. Tracker is an evolution from OpenTracker, which was released under a license with two addenda restricting the use of Be Inc. trademarks;{{cite web |date=21 September 2001 |title=Open Tracker License, revision 1.1.1.1 |url=http://opentracker.cvs.sourceforge.net/viewvc/opentracker/opentracker/tracker/LICENSE?revision=1.1.1.1 |access-date=10 August 2011 |publisher=Be Inc.}} Zeta also modified OpenTracker on their own operating system.{{Cite web |title=WORLD EXCLUSIVE: First Look at YellowTAB's Zeta – OSnews |url=https://www.osnews.com/story/3692/world-exclusive-first-look-at-yellowtabs-zeta/ |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=www.osnews.com}}

The icons in Haiku are named stippi and were designed by Stephan Aßmus.{{Cite web |title=Haiku®'s Icons - Haiku, Inc. |url=https://www.haiku-inc.org/trademarks/haiku_icons/ |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=www.haiku-inc.org}} Aßmus also created the Haiku Vector Icon Format (HVIF), a vector storage format to store icons in Haiku, and is aimed at fast rendering and small file sizes.{{Cite web |title=Why Haiku Vector Icons are So Small |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/articles/2006-11-13_why_haiku_vector_icons_are_so_small/}}

Package management is done by the graphical application HaikuDepot, and a command-line equivalent called pkgman.{{Cite web |title=Package Management Infrastructure — Haiku internals documentation |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/develop/packages/Infrastructure.html |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.haiku-os.org}} Packages can also be activated by installing them from remote repositories with pkgman, or dropping them over a special packages directory. Haiku package management mounts activated packages over a read-only system directory. The Haiku package management system performs dependency solving with libsolv from the openSUSE project.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}

It comes with a number of preloaded applications, such as a WebKit-based web browser WebPositive, a document reader BePDF, a simple web server PoorMan, text editors Pe and StyledEdit, an IRC client Vision, and a Bash-based terminal emulator Terminal.{{Cite web |last=Wallen |first=Jack |date=2018-10-19 |title=To BeOS or not to BeOS, that is the Haiku |url=https://www.linux.com/topic/desktop/beos-or-not-beos-haiku/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Linux.com |language=en-US}}

Haiku R1 aims to be compatible with BeOS 5 at both the source and binary level,{{Cite web |title=The Haiku Book: Application Level API Incompatibilities with BeOS |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/api/compatibility.html |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.haiku-os.org}} allowing software written and compiled for BeOS to be compiled and run without modification on Haiku.{{Cite web |title=General FAQ |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/about/faq/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Haiku Project |language=en}} The 64-bit version of Haiku, however, does not have BeOS compatibility at the binary level, but the API still does. (The same would apply to other non-IA32 ports, such as RISC-V.) Installation of these PKG format files are done using the PackageInstaller.{{Cite web |title=LegacyPackageInstaller |url=https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/en/applications/packageinstaller.html |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=www.haiku-os.org}}

In 2013 after the release of Haiku Alpha 4, Ars Technica reviewed the operating system and praised it for being fast, but ultimately stating that it "may not be much more than an interesting diversion, something to play with on a spare bit of hardware".{{Cite web |last=Reimer |first=Jeremy |date=2013-01-08 |title=1998's most intriguing OS, 15 years later: Hands-on with Haiku alpha 4 |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/01/not-quite-poetry-in-motion-ars-reviews-the-haiku-alpha-4-os/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}} Haiku Beta 4 was reviewed by ZDNET in 2023 where it stated: "Haiku is for those who experienced either NeXT or AfterStep and want an operating system that looks and feels a bit old school but performs faster than any OS they've ever experienced." It further praised Haiku's kernel, file system, and object-oriented API.

As of 2018, the Free Software Foundation has included Haiku in a list of non-endorsed operating systems because: "Haiku includes some software that you're not allowed to modify. It also includes nonfree firmware blobs."{{Cite web|title=Explaining Why We Don't Endorse Other Systems|url=https://www.gnu.org/distros/common-distros.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402035718/https://www.gnu.org/distros/common-distros.html|archive-date=April 2, 2018|publisher=Free Software Foundation}}

{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}

• Comparison of operating systems
• List of BeOS applications
• ZETA
• Syllable Desktop

{{Reflist}}

{{sister project links|d=y|c=category:Haiku|b=Haiku|n=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|q=no|display=Haiku}}

• {{Official website}}
• [https://haiku-inc.org Haiku Inc. company website]
• {{DistroWatch|haiku|Haiku}}
• {{youTube|LxAQxGQB1A8|Haiku Tech Talk at Google (February 13, 2007)}}
• {{cite web|url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/software/the-dawn-of-haiku-os/0|title=The Dawn of Haiku OS|author=Ryan Leavengood|date=May 2012|publisher=IEEE Spectrum|access-date=April 30, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203204719/https://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/software/the-dawn-of-haiku-os/0|archive-date=February 3, 2013|url-status=dead}}
• [https://hardware.besly.de Hardware List], hardware compatible with Haiku (at Besly)

{{BeOS}}

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