Comparison of operating systems

| Commodore International, Haage & Partner, Hyperion Entertainment

AIX/ESA V1 & V2

scope="row" | AIX/ESA

| IBM

| 1992

| AIX/370, OSF/1

| Version 2 Release 2

| {{date table sorting|Feb 26, 1993}}

| {{Nonfree}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| ESA/370
IBM System/390

scope="row" | AmigaOS classic

| 1985

| TRIPOS (as the disk operating component of AmigaOS)

| 3.2.2.1

| {{dts|April 23, 2023}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware up to version 3.0 (Amiga International hardware came with 3.1); versions 2.1, 3.0, 3.1, 3.5, 3.9 and the more recent 3.2 (2021) also available as separate packages}}

| {{Proprietary}}, open source clone available under AROS Public License

scope="row" | AmigaOS 4

| Hyperion Entertainment

| 2004

| AmigaOS classic

| 4.1 Final Edition Update 2.1

| {{dts|2021-01-12}}

| {{Nonfree|4.0 bundled with hardware; 4.0 for classic and 4.1 available as standalone package at €29}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | Android

| Android, Inc., Google

| 2008

| None

| 15

| {{dts|October 15, 2024}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|AOSP: Apache-2.0
Linux: GPL-2.0-only}}

| Smartphone, tablet computer

scope="row" | ArcaOS

| Arca Noae, LLC

| 2017

| OS/2

| 5.1.0

| {{dts|August 27, 2023}}

| {{Nonfree|Personal edition {{US$|139.00}}
Commercial edition {{US$|249.00}}}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| Server, workstation, personal computer

scope="row" | Classic Mac OS (retronym; had no name originally, later Macintosh System Software)

| Apple Computer, Inc. (now Apple Inc.)

| 1984

| None

| 9.2.2

| {{dts|2000}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with 68k and PowerPC Macs;

versions 7.1-9 sold as retail upgrades{{Cite book |last=Pogue |first=David |author-link=David Pogue |url=http://www.toddp.com/classic/Software%20Install/Apple%20Support%20Documents/Macintosh%20Secrets/Mac%20Secrets%204th%20ed./ch06.pdf |title=MacWorld Macintosh Secrets 4th edition - Chapter 6: The System Software Museum |page=225 |date=January 1997 |access-date=2017-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017214028/http://www.toddp.com/classic/Software%20Install/Apple%20Support%20Documents/Macintosh%20Secrets/Mac%20Secrets%204th%20ed./ch06.pdf |archive-date=2017-10-17 |url-status=live}}}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | ChromeOS

| Google

| 2011

| none

| 129.0.6668.99

| {{dts|October 1, 2024}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware, 32-bit edition dropped}}

| {{Proprietary}}: Google OS Terms of Service. Open-source core system

| Chromebook, Chromebox, Chromebase and tablet

scope="row" | ChromiumOS

| Google

| 2009

| none

| Rolling release

| {{dts|October 7, 2021}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|BSD
Linux Kernel GPL-2.0-only}}

| Personal computer

scope="row" | DragonFly BSD

| Matthew Dillon

| 2003

| FreeBSD

| 6.4.0

| {{dts|June 9, 2022}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|BSD}}

| Server, workstation, NAS, embedded system

scope="row" | eComStation

| Serenity Systems, Mensys BV

| 2001

| OS/2

| 2.1

| {{dts|May 20, 2011}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Commercial}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| Server, workstation, personal computer

scope="row" | EPOC32

| Psion PLC

| 1996

|

| ER5

| {{dts|1999}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Commercial}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| PDA

scope="row" | EulerOS

| Huawei

| 2021

| None

| V2.0SP8

| 2022

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|Open source}}

scope="row" | FreeBSD

| The FreeBSD Project

| 1993

| 386BSD

| 14.1

| {{dts|June 4, 2024}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|BSD}}

| Server, workstation, Desktop, NAS, embedded system

scope="row" | Genode

| Genode Labs

| 2008

| None

| {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|Q16527380|P348}}

| {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|Q16527380|P348|P577}}}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|AGPL-3.0-only}}

| Desktop, embedded system, server

scope="row" | GhostBSD

| Eric Turgeon

| 2009

| FreeBSD

| 21.05{{Cite web|url=https://ghostbsd.org/GhostBSD_21.05.11_ISO_now_available|title=GhostBSD 21.05.11 ISO now available|access-date=2021-06-25}}

| {{dts|May 13, 2021}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|BSD}}

| Desktop, workstation

scope="row" | Linux

| Notable contributors include: Richard Stallman for GNU Project and Linus Torvalds for Linux and the Unixes they emulated; Red Hat, Debian Project See: Comparison of Linux distributions and Linux kernel#Development

| 1991 (kernel), See: Comparison of Linux distributions and History of Linux

| None

| {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|Q14579|P548=Q2804309|P348}} (kernel)

| {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|Q14579|P548=Q2804309|P348|P577}}}} (kernel)

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|GPL-2.0-only}} (kernel)

| See: Comparison of Linux distributions

scope="row" | Haiku

| Haiku Inc.

| 2002

| BeOS R5

| R1/Beta 5

| September 13, 2024

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|MIT}}

| Personal computer

scope="row" | HP NonStop

| HP (now Hewlett Packard Enterprise)

| 1976

| None

| H06.24/J06.13

| {{dts|2012}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware?}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| HP Nonstop Servers

scope="row" | HP-UX

| HP (now Hewlett Packard Enterprise)

| 1983

| UNIX System V

| HP-UX 11i v3 2023 / May 2023

| {{dts|May 2022}}

| {{Nonfree|US$400}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | HarmonyOS

| Huawei

| 2019

| OpenHarmony, LiteOS

| 5.0.0.102(SP3C00E73R4P17)

| October 23, 2024

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware and updates at no cost given to most existing users, subject to hardware requirements}}

| {{Proprietary}} software except for open-source components

| Internet of things, Smartphone, tablet computer, education, embedded system, smart watches

scope="row" | IBM i

| IBM

| 1988

| CPF, SSP

| 7.5

| {{dts|May 10, 2022}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | Inferno

| Bell Labs

| 1996

| Plan 9

| Fourth Edition

| {{dts|June 30, 2009}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|MIT}}

| NAS, server, embedded

scope="row" | iOS (originally iPhone OS)

| Apple Inc.

| 2007

| macOS

| 17.1.1

| {{dts|November 7, 2023 }}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware and updates at no cost given to most existing users, subject to hardware requirements}}

| {{Proprietary}} higher level API layers; open source core system (ARM versions): APSL, GNU GPL, others

| Smartphone, music player, tablet

scope="row" | IRIX

| SGI

| 1988

| UNIX System V

| 6.5.30

| {{dts|2006}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Bundled with hardware}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | IX/370

| IBM

| 1985

| UNIX System V

| Release 1.4?

| {{date table sorting|Sep 25, 1987}}

| {{Nonfree}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | macOS (originally Mac OS X)

| Apple Inc.

| 2001

| NeXTSTEP, BSD

| 15.1

| October 28, 2024

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware; No cost for updates and upgrades via Mac App Store for users of Mac OS X 10.6 or later}}

| {{Proprietary}} higher level API layers; open source core system (Apple Silicon-Intel-PowerPC versions): APSL, GNU GPL, others

| Workstation, personal computer, embedded

scope="row" | macOS Server (originally Mac OS X Server)

| Apple Inc.

| 2001

| NeXTSTEP, BSD

| 5.12

| {{dts|May 2, 2021}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Previously bundled with hardware; No longer a separate operating system, but a group of services installed atop any version of macOS Monterey; US$19.99 on the Mac App Store}}

| {{Proprietary}} higher level API layers; open source core system (Intel-PowerPC versions): APSL, GNU GPL, others

scope="row" | MCP

| Unisys

| 1961

| None

| CP OS 20.0

| {{dts|May 2021}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | MenuetOS

| Ville Turjanmaa and others

| 2000

| None

| 1.49.00

| {{dts|2023}}

| OS written in assembly language

| {{open source|GPL or No cost}}

scope="row" | MINIX 3

| Andrew S. Tanenbaum

| 2005

| Minix2

| 3.3.0

| {{dts|2014}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|BSD-3-Clause}}

scope="row" | MPE

| HP

| 1974

| None

| MPE-V

| {{dts|1988}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with HP-3000 CISC hardware "Classic"}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | MPE/XL

| HP

| 1987

| MPE

| 7.5

| {{dts|2002}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with HP-3000 PA-RISC hardware}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | MVS
(OS/VS2 R2 through R3.8)

| IBM

| 1972

| OS/360 MVT, SVS

| Release 3.8

| {{dts|1974}}

| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}

| {{open source}}

scope="row" | MVS
(MVS/SE through MVS/ESA)

| IBM

| March 1978

| OS/VS2 R3.7 for MVS/SE R1
OS/VS2 R3.8 for MVS/SE R2 through MVS/ESA

| z/OS Version 2.5 (V2R5)

| {{dts|September 30, 2021}}

| {{nonfree|Price tied to processor capacity}}

| {{Proprietary|One Time Charge or monthly}}

| S/370

S/370-XA

S/370-ESA

ESA/390

scope="row" | NetBSD

| The NetBSD Project

| 1993

| 386BSD

| 9.3

| {{dts|August 4, 2022}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|BSD}}

| NAS, server, workstation, embedded

scope="row" | NetWare

| Novell

| 1985

| S-Net

| 6.5 SP8

| {{dts|May 6, 2009}}

| {{Nonfree|Superseded by Novell Open Enterprise Server; Was {{US$|184|2009}} (one-user)}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | NeXTSTEP

| NeXT

| 1989

| Unix

| 3.3

| {{dts|1995}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with hardware, then sold separately}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" |OpenBSD

| OpenBSD Project

| 1996

| NetBSD 1.0

| 7.4

| {{dts|October 16, 2023}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|ISC}}

| Server, NAS, workstation, embedded

scope="row" | OpenIndiana

| Many, based on software developed by Sun Microsystems and many others

| 2010

| OpenSolaris

| 2023.04

| {{dts|April 30, 2021}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|CDDL}}

scope="row" | OpenVMS

| DEC (now VSI)

| 1977

| RSX-11M

| V9.2-3

| {{dts|November 20, 2024}}

| {{Nonfree|Commercial, no cost for non-commercial use}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | OpenHarmony

| Various (OpenAtom Foundation, Huawei and others)

| 2020

| HarmonyOS, LiteOS

| 5.0.0 Release

| September 29, 2024

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|Apache-2.0}}

| Internet of things, embedded system, smart watches, mobile devices, personal computers

Oniro

|Various (Eclipse Foundation, Huawei and others)

|2021

|None

|4.1

|June 21, 2024

|{{Free|No cost}}

|{{open source|Eclipse License, Apache-2.0}}

|Internet of things, embedded system, smart watches, mobile devices, personal computers

scope="row" | OS/2

| IBM and Microsoft

| 1987

| MS-DOS

| 4.52

| {{dts|2001}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued (see ArcaOS successor); Was {{US$|300|2001}} }}

| {{Proprietary}}

| Personal computer, server

scope="row" | OS/360

| IBM

| 1966

| None

| Operating System/360 R21.8

| {{dts|August 1972}}

| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}

| {{open source}}

| S/360
S/370

scope="row" | OS/390

| IBM

| 1995

| MVS/ESA

| OS/390 version 2 R10

| {{dts|September 29, 2000}}

| {{nonfree|Price tied to processor capacity}}

| {{Proprietary|One Time Charge or monthly}}

| S/390

scope="row" | OS 2200

| Unisys

| 1967 as Exec 8e

| Exec 8, OS 1100

| CP OS 18 (Exec 49.2)

| {{dts|July 18, 2018}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | OS/VS1

| IBM

| {{dts|1972}}

| OS/360 MFT II

| Release 7.0?

|

| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}

| {{n/a}}

scope="row" | OS/VS2 SVS

| IBM

| {{dts|1972}}

| OS/360 MVT

| Release 1.7

|

| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}

| {{n/a}}

scope="row" | Plan 9

| Bell Labs

| 1992

| Unix

| Fourth Edition

| {{dts|2003}} (except for minor later updates)

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|MIT{{Cite web|url=https://marc.info/?l=9fans&m=161650489113326|title = '[9fans] Transfer of Plan 9 to the Plan 9 Foundation' - MARC}}}}

| Workstation, server, embedded system, HPC

scope="row" | QNX

| QNX Software Systems

| 1982

| Unix, POSIX

| 7.1.0

| {{dts|July 2020}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with BlackBerry 10 and PlayBook devices. Commercial; an academic version exists that needs authorization code before installing}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| Automotive, medical, smartphone, consumer, industrial, embedded system, safety

scope="row" | ReactOS

| ReactOS development team

| 1998

| Windows NT (clone of)

| 0.4.14

| {{dts|April 9, 2020}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|GPL-2.0-or-later}}

scope="row" | Redox

| Jeremy Soller

| 2015

| -

| 0.7.0

| {{dts|April 28, 2022}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|MIT}}

| Desktop, workstation, server

scope="row" | RISC iX

| Acorn Computers

| 1988

| BSD 4.3

| 1.21c

| {{dts|1993}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with hardware}}

| {{Proprietary}}

scope="row" | RISC OS

| Acorn Computers

| 1987

| Arthur

| 3.71

| {{dts|1997}}

| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with hardware}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| Education, personal computer

scope="row" | RISC OS 4

| RISCOS Ltd, Pace plc

| 1999

| RISC OS

| 4.39

| {{dts|2004}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware, then sold separately at £70 (US$127)}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| Education, personal computer

scope="row" | RISC OS 5

| Castle Technology, RISC OS Open

| 2002

| RISC OS 4

| 5.28{{cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/news/articles/2020/10/24/risc-os-5-28-now-available |title=RISC OS 5.28 now available |access-date=2020-10-24 |last=Revill |first=Steve |date=24 October 2020 |publisher=RISC OS Open}}

| {{dts|2020}}

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|Apache-2.0}}

| Education, personal computer

scope="row" | RISC OS 6

| RISCOS Ltd

| 2006

| RISC OS 4

| 6.20

| {{dts|2009}}

| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware, then sold separately at £70 (US$127)}}

| {{Proprietary}}

| Education, personal computer

scope="row" | SerenityOS

| Andreas Kling

| 2018

| None

| Continuous integration

| N/A

| {{Free|No cost}}

| {{open source|BSD-2-Clause}}

scope="row" | Solaris

| Sun (now Oracle Corporation)

| 1992

| SunOS

| 11.4

| {{dts|August 28, 2018}}

| {{depends|Commercial; (a perpetual license at no cost when used "for the purpose of developing, testing, prototyping and demonstrating your applications"{{cite web|url=http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/licenses/solaris-cluster-express-license-167852.html |title=Oracle Solaris OTN License |publisher=Oracle.com |access-date=2013-10-04}})}}

| {{open source|CDDL}}

scope="row" | STOP 6, XTS-400

| BAE Systems

| 2003

| STOP 5, XTS-300

| 8.2

| {{dts|August 2008}}

| {{Nonfree|{{US$|60,000|2008}}+; bundled with XTS hardware and OEM licensed}}

| {{Proprietary}}