Hanau shootings

The shootings began at 21:55:43 CET (UTC+1) on 19 February 2020, at the La Votre Bar in central Hanau.{{Cite news |date=2020-02-20 |title=Polizei bestätigt acht Tote durch Schüsse in Hanau |url=https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/hanau-mehrere-menschen-sterben-durch-schuesse-a-d8d50e6b-70c7-4fdf-aff2-e81f493e3c70 |access-date=2024-06-04 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349}} Upon entering the bar, the attacker fired multiple shots and shot a bartender to death with a CZ 75 pistol. He exited the bar and shot a man to death outside on the sidewalk. He entered the neighboring Midnight Bar and fired three shots from the doorway. One of the shots hit the owner of the Midnight Bar, killing him.{{Cite news |last1=Oltermann |first1=Philip |last2=Harding |first2=Luke |last3=McKernan |first3=Bethan |date=2020-02-20 |title='He shot our children': how the Hanau attack unfolded |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/20/after-the-hanau-shooting-half-our-hearts-are-gone |access-date=2024-06-04 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}{{Cite web |date=2020-06-02 |title=Anschlag von Hanau: Neue Eigentümer wollen Shisha-Bar wieder öffnen |url=https://www.fr.de/rhein-main/main-kinzig-kreis/hanau-ort66348/anschlag-hanau-neue-eigentuemer-wollen-shisha-bar-wieder-oeffnen-13785165.html |access-date=2024-06-16 |website=www.fr.de |language=de}} At least eight shots were fired during the incident, though witnesses say they heard about a dozen gunshots.{{Cite news |last1=Oltermann |first1=Philip |last2=Connolly |first2=Kate |date=2020-02-20 |title=Germany shooting: far-right gunman kills 10 in Hanau |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/19/shooting-germany-hanau-dead-several-people-shisha-near-frankfurt |access-date=2024-06-04 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}{{Cite news |date=2020-02-20 |title=Germany shooting: What we know about the Hanau attack |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51571649 |access-date=2024-06-04 |language=en-GB}} Just after the attacker shot up the Midnight Bar, he switched to his SIG Sauer P226 and confronted a man outside a kiosk. He pointed his gun at him repeatedly while asking if he was a foreigner; the man didn't respond and the attacker ran off. The attacker then rounded the corner of Heumarkt and onto Krämerstraße and fired several shots at the car of Vili Viorel Păun. Păun briefly reversed before pursuing the shooter.{{Cite news |last1=Gezer |first1=Özlem |last2=Neshitov |first2=Timofey |date=2021-02-18 |title=The Hanau Protocols: Aftermath of a Deadly Racist Attack |url=https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/the-hanau-protocols-aftermath-of-a-deadly-racist-attack-a-5bfa4821-6682-4a8a-bada-7c6d9a884c30 |access-date=2024-06-17 |work=Der Spiegel |language=en |issn=2195-1349}} The shooter turned another corner and tried to enter a kiosk, but left after realizing no one was present in the building. He then ran back to his car and began driving away. Păun tried blocking his path, but the shooter drove ahead of him which initiated a car chase.{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=byE9fuMF-Z4 |title=Lecture by Forensic Architecture/Forensis – Forum kollektiver Wahrheitsfindung |date=2022-06-08 |last=Frankfurter Kunstverein |access-date=2024-06-17 |via=YouTube}} Three people were killed on Heumarkt.https://mediendienst-integration.de/fileadmin/Dateien/One_Year_After_Hanau_Factsheet_English.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}

The attacker left the scene and drove to the Arena Bar & Café in Kesselstadt, some 2.5 km (1.5 mi) away.{{Cite news |date=2020-02-19 |title=Germany shooting: 'Far-right extremist' carried out shisha bars attacks |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51567971 |access-date=2024-06-04 |language=en-GB}} During the drive, Păun tried to call 110 five times with two unsuccessful attempts. During the three successful attempts, he was only met with silence on the other end of the line as the dispatcher receiving the call left to respond to the shootings on Heumarkt.{{Cite web |last=kata |date=2023-02-09 |title=Von einem Organisationsversagen der Polizei, das die Verantwortlichen systematisch vertuschen wollten |url=https://19feb-hanau.org/2023/02/09/von-einem-organisationsversagen/ |access-date=2024-06-16 |website=Initiative 19. Februar |language=de-DE}} Upon arriving there, the gunman got out of the car and fatally shot Păun who was sitting in his vehicle, then entered a kiosk adjacent to the bar, where he killed three people. He then entered the bar itself and opened fire as patrons were attempting to flee, killing two more people and wounding three others. According to one of the survivors, those who were present attempted to hide in the bar's storage room, but discovered that it was locked, as was the rear emergency exit. A reconstruction of the shooting by Forensic Architecture later determined that those inside the bar would've had ample time to flee if the emergency exit was unlocked.{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obKDG4cqtNI |title=Hanau Attack Emergency Exit (Preliminary Investigation; EN) |date=2021-12-21 |last=Forensic Architecture |access-date=2024-06-04 |via=YouTube}} The gunman then left less than a minute after entering the bar. Six people were killed at the Arena Bar and adjacent kiosk, and three others were left wounded.

Following the shootings, the police initiated a large-scale investigation.{{Cite web|url=https://www.presseportal.de/blaulicht/pm/43561/4525054|title=POL-OF: Großfahndung der Polizei in Hanau|website=presseportal.de|language=de|access-date=19 February 2020

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220000716/https://www.presseportal.de/blaulicht/pm/43561/4525054|archive-date=20 February 2020|url-status=live}} It was initially reported that the suspect was at large.{{cite news |title=Germany shooting: Nine dead after two attacks on Hanau shisha bars |work=BBC News |date=19 February 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51567971 |access-date=19 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220153453/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51567971 |archive-date=20 February 2020 |url-status=live }} The gunman then drove to his home near the Arena Bar where he shot and killed his mother with two shots, before fatally shooting himself in his room in the basement. His father was left unharmed; an investigation by Forensic Architecture revealed that the father stayed in his home and even used his computer during the police standoff. He was looking up his son's manifesto.{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCORAgth-8Y |title=Racist Terror Attack in Hanau: The Police Operation (EN) |date=2022-09-15 |last=Forensic Architecture |access-date=2024-06-16 |via=YouTube}}{{cite news|first1=Philip|last1=Oltermann|first2=Luke|last2=Harding|first3=Bethan|last3=McKernan|access-date=2020-02-21|title='He shot our children': how the Hanau attack unfolded|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/20/after-the-hanau-shooting-half-our-hearts-are-gone|newspaper=The Guardian|date=20 February 2020|issn=0261-3077}} It is believed the suspect murdered his mother as an act of "mercy-killing" as she was suffering from a neurological condition that left her bedridden.{{Cite journal |last1=Kupper |first1=Julia |last2=Cotti |first2=Patricia |last3=Meloy |first3=John |date=April 2023 |title=The Hanau Terror Attack: Unraveling the Dynamics of Mental Disorder and Extremist Beliefs |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370341734 |journal=Journal of Threat Assessment and Management |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=149–185 |doi=10.1037/tam0000201 |via=American Psychological Association}} The attacker, who was identified as Tobias Rathjen, and his mother were discovered by police at 05:15 the next day when they gained entry into the home.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/feb/20/hanau-shootings-dead-after-attack-german-town-shisha-frankfurt-updates|title=Eleven dead, including suspect, after Hanau attacks – as it happened|website=The Guardian|language=en|access-date=19 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220045602/https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/feb/20/hanau-shootings-dead-after-attack-german-town-shisha-frankfurt-updates|archive-date=20 February 2020|url-status=live}}

The nine people killed by the attacker during the two shootings were identified as: four Germans Gökhan Gültekin (37), Ferhat Unvar (23), Mercedes Kierpacz (35), Said Nesar Hashemi (21) (two of whom had Kurdish origins, another of Sinti origins, and another with Afghan nationality), Sedat Gürbüz (29) and Fatih Saraçoğlu (34) two Turks, Hamza Kurtović (22) a Bosnian, Kaloyan Velkov (33) a Bulgarian, and Vili Viorel Păun (22) a Romanian.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hessenschau.de/gesellschaft/opfer-des-anschlags-neun-junge-hanauer-mitten-aus-dem-leben-gerissen,opfer-hanau-anschlag-100.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222205315/https://www.hessenschau.de/gesellschaft/opfer-des-anschlags-neun-junge-hanauer-mitten-aus-dem-leben-gerissen,opfer-hanau-anschlag-100.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 February 2020|title=Opfer des Anschlags: Neun junge Hanauer, mitten aus dem Leben gerissen|first=hessenschau de, Frankfurt|last=Germany|date=21 February 2020|website=hessenschau.de}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/02/20/world/europe/ap-eu-germany-shooting-the-town.html|title=Germany's Immigrant Community in Hanau Reeling After Attack|last=Associated Press|date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302144531/https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/02/20/world/europe/ap-eu-germany-shooting-the-town.html|archive-date=2 March 2020|newspaper=The New York Times}} Both Velkov and Păun were members of the Romani communities in their home countries.{{cite web | last=Ryšavý | first=Zdeněk | title=Another victim of the German terrorist attack, a young man from Romania, is also from the Roma minority - Everything about Roma in one place | website=Romea.cz - Everything about Roma in one place | date=2020-02-22 | url=https://romea.cz/en/world/another-victim-of-the-german-terrorist-attack-a-young-man-from-romania-is-also-from-the-roma-minority/ | language=cs | access-date=2023-06-27}}{{cite web | title=Say their names | website=We Migrants | date=2021-02-21 | url=https://wemigrants.com/index.php/2021/02/21/say-their-names/ | access-date=2023-06-27}} The owner of one of the shisha bars was among the victims.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/20/bar-staff-and-pregnant-woman-reportedly-among-hanau-victims|title=Bar staff and pregnant woman reportedly among Hanau victims|first1=Kate|last1=Connolly|first2=Bethan|last2=McKernan|work=The Guardian|date=20 February 2020}} Three immediately died in the first shooting, five immediately died in the second,{{cite web |title=Mehrere Menschen im hessischen Hanau erschossen - Täter möglicherweise flüchtig |url=https://www.dw.com/de/mehrere-menschen-im-hessischen-hanau-erschossen-t%C3%A4ter-m%C3%B6glicherweise-fl%C3%BCchtig/a-52438048 |website=Deutsche Welle |access-date=19 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219234202/https://www.dw.com/de/mehrere-menschen-im-hessischen-hanau-erschossen-t%C3%A4ter-m%C3%B6glicherweise-fl%C3%BCchtig/a-52438048 |archive-date=19 February 2020 |url-status=live }} and a ninth victim died in hospital the next day.{{cite news|last1=Schmidt|first1=Nadine|last2=Gray|first2=Melissa|last3=Davis|first3=A.J.|last4=Rappard|first4=Anna-Maja|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/19/europe/hanau-germany-shootings-intl/index.html|title=Nine killed at two shisha bars in Germany in suspected far-right attack|website=CNN|date=20 February 2020|access-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220152754/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/19/europe/hanau-germany-shootings-intl/index.html|archive-date=20 February 2020|url-status=live}} The attacker shot and killed his German mother, Gabriele Rathjen (72) before committing suicide.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51577196|title=Police probe whether racist German killer had help|website=BBC News|date=20 February 2020}}

Two Turkish-Germans, an Afghan-German and a Cameroonian-German were among the five people injured.{{Cite web|url=https://www.merkur.de/politik/hanau-video-zeuge-terror-flucht-attentaeter-schuesse-verdacht-schiesserei-anschlag-zr-13549464.html|title=Hanau-Morde: Zeuge schildert die schrecklichen Szenen - Video von Überwachungskamera aufgetaucht|date=22 February 2020|website=merkur.de}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51586283|title=Germany boosts security against far-right threat|date=21 February 2020|website=BBC News}}

The gunman was identified as 43-year-old Tobias Rathjen (1977 – 19 February 2020), a far-right extremist.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51571177|title=Has Germany done enough to tackle far-right violence?|date=2020-02-20|work=BBC News|access-date=2020-02-20|language=en-GB}}{{Cite news|first=Tim |last=Hume |title='Not a Classical Neo-Nazi': What We Know About the German Hookah Bar Terrorist |newspaper=Vice News|date=February 20, 2020 |url= https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/n7jdak/race-hate-mind-control-and-incel-ideology-what-we-know-about-the-german-hookah-bar-shooter |quote=Instead, judging by the material he posted online, Tobias Rathjen appears to have been driven by a toxic mix of racist, conspiracist, and incel ideology, and likely suffered from serious mental health problems, experts say.}} On his personal website, he published a racist manifesto and posted videos showing his political and misogynist beliefs, accused U.S. President Donald Trump of stealing his slogans,{{Cite web|url=https://www.insider.com/hanau-terrorist-manifesto-shows-non-white-hatred-incel-trump-theft-2020-2|title=The mass shooter who killed 9 in Germany published a racist manifesto where he identified as an incel and accused Trump of stealing his populist slogans|first=Bill|last=Bostock|website=Insider}} promoted extreme eugenics and expressed frustration that due to his psychological issues he could never experience an intimate relationship with a woman.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rnd.de/politik/terror-in-hanau-die-kranke-rassistische-gedankenwelt-des-tobias-r-UAIMXWG7Z5EG5MCJG5TXNYXG6A.html|title=Terror in Hanau: Die kranke rassistische Gedankenwelt des Tobias R.|work=RedaktionsNetzwerk Deutschland|date=20 February 2020|access-date=20 February 2020|language=de}} Media outlets often described Rathjen as an incel or "involuntary celibate"; however, researcher Meredith L. Pruden and colleagues say he is more accurately characterized as an adherent of the male separatist Men Going Their Own Way.{{cite book |display-authors=1 |last1=Pruden |first1=Meredith L. |last2=Lokmanoglu |first2=Ayse D. |last3=Peterscheck |first3=Anne |last4=Veilleux-Lepage |first4=Yannick |title=Right-Wing Extremism in Canada and the United States |date=2022 |series=Palgrave Hate Studies |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |location=Cham, Switzerland |isbn=978-3-030-99804-2 |page=228 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-99804-2_9 |chapter-url=https://hdl.handle.net/handle/1887/3485435 |chapter=Birds of a Feather: A Comparative Analysis of White Supremacist and Violent Male Supremacist Discourses|hdl=1887/3485435 }} Rathjen stated he had been guided by voices inside his head since birth and he was being followed by secret agents.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/20/hanau-attack-reveals-poison-of-racism-in-germany-says-merkel|title=Hanau attack reveals 'poison' of racism in Germany, says Merkel |first1=Kate|last1=Connolly|first2=Philip|last2=Oltermann|date=20 February 2020|work=The Guardian}} In his manifesto, he expressed extreme hatred for migrants, especially for people from the Middle East, Central Asia, Southeast Asia and North Africa, calling explicitly for their "complete extermination".{{Cite web|url=https://heavy.com/news/2020/02/tobias-rathjen/|title=Tobias Rathjen: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|first=Paul|last=Farrell|date=20 February 2020|access-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220173825/https://heavy.com/news/2020/02/tobias-rathjen/|archive-date=20 February 2020|url-status=live}}{{cite news |last1=Moody |first1=Oliver |title=Germans slow to tackle far‑right threat |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/germans-slow-to-tackle-far-right-threat-wdmj9j369 |access-date=20 February 2020 |work=The Times |date=20 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220152755/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/germans-slow-to-tackle-far-right-threat-wdmj9j369 |archive-date=20 February 2020 |url-status=live }} He also expressed a hatred for German citizens who allowed immigrants into their country, and considered them as "impure".{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/europe/article/germans-point-finger-at-afd-for-hanau-shisha-bar-murders-5pf63ljgn|title=Germans point finger at AfD for Hanau shisha bar murders|first=Oliver|last=Moody|date=14 September 2023 |via=www.thetimes.co.uk}} In the videos he recorded and his manifesto, Rathjen also talked about the "secret service" that stalks humanity and compared his actions to that of Edward Snowden. There was also evidence that he had considered attacking a school filled with students from migrant backgrounds. In the weeks leading up to the shooting, he told a private detective and his father to spread the word about his personal website.

According to Germany's general prosecutor Peter Frank, Rathjen had contacted German authorities with his conspiracy theories three months before the attack: on 6 November 2019, Rathjen had written a letter to the Public Prosecutor General urging action against a "secret service" organisation, which he claimed was tapping into people's brains to control world events. He called on authorities to "approach me and communicate with me". No action was taken in response. Parts of this 19-page letter were virtually identical to his 24-page manifesto published on his website in February 2020, but it was unclear whether it included any threats against ethnic minorities.{{cite news |title=Was bislang über die Tat in Hanau bekannt ist |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/elf-tote-generalbundesanwalt-ermittelt-was-bislang-ueber-die-tat-in-hanau-bekannt-ist/25564908.html |access-date=20 February 2020 |work=Der Tagesspiegel |date=20 February 2020 |language=de}}

Near the Arena Bar, text linked to the perpetrator's website was found written in graffiti on a wall before it was covered over by police.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-51586283 |title=Hanau: Germany boosts security amid far-right threat |website=BBC News |access-date=22 February 2020 |date=21 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222183632/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51586283 |url-status=live |archive-date=2020-02-22 |language=en |quote=Germany will deploy extra police to protect mosques, railway stations, airports and other sensitive sites because of a "very high" far-right threat following the Hanau killings, the interior minister says.}} The graffiti were also found in six other locations in and around Hanau.

The perpetrator legally owned three firearms. A fourth weapon- one of the guns that was used in the shooting- was reportedly borrowed from a gun trader the day prior to the attack.{{cite web|url = https://www.dw.com/en/germany-plans-to-tighten-gun-control/a-62096279| website = dw.com | publisher = Deutsche Welle | first = Ben | last = Knight | title = Germany plans to tighten gun control | date = 6 November 2022 | accessdate = 20 February 2023 }}

Federal prosecutors are treating the attack as terrorism, with officials saying there is evidence the gunman was a far-right extremist, as well as signs of xenophobic motives for the killings. Peter Beuth, the Minister of the Interior in the state of Hesse, stated on 20 February that a website found by investigators indicated a right-wing political motive for the shootings.{{cite news |title=Hessens Innenminister sieht Hinweise auf rassistische Gesinnung |url=https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/hanau-innenminister-sieht-hinweise-auf-rassistische-gesinnung-a-1cfafab7-7a0a-493b-992e-a87215cc3b25 |access-date=20 February 2020 |work=Der Spiegel |date=20 February 2020 |language=de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220152801/https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/hanau-innenminister-sieht-hinweise-auf-rassistische-gesinnung-a-1cfafab7-7a0a-493b-992e-a87215cc3b25 |archive-date=20 February 2020 |url-status=live }} A letter and a video clip of a confession were reportedly discovered and are being analysed by the police.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-19/police-report-several-people-shot-to-death-in-german-city|title=Suspect, 1 Other Found Dead After 9 People Killed in Germany|newspaper=Bloomberg |date=19 February 2020|via=www.bloomberg.com}}

File:Gedenktafel am Heumarkt.jpg

File:Memorial to the 2020 Hanau Massacre Victims in Russell Square, London.jpg, London, in 2023]]

As a result of the shootings, German Chancellor Angela Merkel cancelled a planned trip to Halle and expressed her condolences to the victims' families.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/19/europe/hanau-germany-shootings-intl/index.html|title=Nine killed at two shisha bars in Germany in suspected far-right attack|author1=Nadine Schmidt|author2=Sheena McKenzie|website=CNN News|date=20 February 2020 |access-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220040133/https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/19/europe/hanau-germany-shootings-intl/index.html|archive-date=20 February 2020|url-status=live}} The president of the European Parliament, David Sassoli, also offered condolences.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-shootings-federal-prosecutors-take-over-hanau-investigation-live-updates/a-52441015|title=Germany shootings: Federal prosecutors take over Hanau investigation — live updates|website=Deutsche Welle}} Some Turkish citizens were among the victims of the shooting; the Turkish government described it as a form of racism and urged a prompt investigation.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-in-shock-and-rage-reactions-to-the-shooting-in-hanau/a-52445633|title=Germany in shock and rage: reactions to the shooting in Hanau |date=20 February 2020|website=Deutsche Welle}} German president Frank-Walter Steinmeier, his wife Elke Büdenbender, and the Hesse minister-president Volker Bouffier attended a vigil at one of the shooting sites.{{cite news |date=2020-02-20 |title=Vigils across Germany after Hanau shooting |url=https://www.dw.com/en/vigils-across-germany-after-hanau-shooting/g-52453670 |url-status=live |language=en |publisher=Deutsche Welle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223191740/https://www.dw.com/en/vigils-across-germany-after-hanau-shooting/g-52453670 |archive-date=2020-02-23 |access-date=2020-02-23 |quote=Dozens of vigils have been organized in towns and cities across Germany after the deadly shooting in Hanau. |first=Ben |last=Knight}}{{cite news |last=Kaschel |first=Helena |date=2020-02-21 |title=Shootings in Hanau: 'We aren't safe anywhere' |url=https://www.dw.com/en/shootings-in-hanau-we-arent-safe-anywhere/a-52454259 |url-status=live |language=en |publisher=Deutsche Welle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222184359/https://www.dw.com/en/shootings-in-hanau-we-arent-safe-anywhere/a-52454259 |archive-date=2020-02-22 |access-date=2020-02-22 |quote=A day after a gunman killed nine people with an immigrant background in Hanau, the western German city is grappling with anger, fear and mourning.}} Pope Francis extended his sympathy to the families who lost their loved ones during the shooting incident in Hanau, through the Vatican Secretary of State, Cardinal Pietro Parolin.{{Cite web|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2020-02/pope-francis-condolence-telegram-shooting-hanau-germany-parolin.html|title=Pope's condolence for victims of shooting in Germany - Vatican News|date=21 February 2020|website=www.vaticannews.va}}

On 23 February, 10,000 mourners marched through the streets of Hanau, in order to show unity and support for the victims.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/10000-mourn-victims-of-racist-shooting-rampage-in-hanau-germany/a-52492839|title=10,000 mourn victims of racist shooting rampage in Hanau, Germany | DW | 23.02.2020|website=DW.COM}} The mayor of Hanau gave a speech to the gathering.{{Cite magazine|url=https://time.com/5789480/germany-hanau-shooting-protest/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224070752/https://time.com/5789480/germany-hanau-shooting-protest/|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 February 2020|title=10,000 Protesters Mourn 9 People Killed by Immigrant-Hating Shooter in Germany|magazine=Time}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/germany-shooting-massacre-thousands-mourn|title=Thousands mourn victims of Germany shooting massacre with massive march|first=Bradford|last=Betz|date=23 February 2020|website=Fox News}}

On 24 February, in response to the shootings, the United Kingdom proscribed Sonnenkrieg Division, the British branch of the American neo-Nazi organisation Atomwaffen Division, as a terrorist group. Another UK-based far-right organisation, System Resistance Network, was also proscribed as an alias for National Action, which had been proscribed as a terrorist organisation since 2016.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/feb/24/uk-ban-neo-nazi-sonnenkrieg-division-terrorist-group|title=UK to ban neo-Nazi Sonnenkrieg Division as a terrorist group|first=Jamie Grierson Home affairs|last=correspondent|newspaper=The Guardian |date=24 February 2020|via=www.theguardian.com}}{{cite act |title=Terrorism Act 2000 |number=11 |year=2000 |article=2 |articletype=Schedule |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/11/schedule/2}}

On the one year anniversary of the attack (19 February 2021), large memorial services and rallies were held in multiple cities in Germany to commemorate the victims, warn against racism and demand further action. President Frank-Walter Steinmeier attended a ceremony in Hanau condemning hate and racism while acknowledging mistakes by authorities.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/hanau-shooting-steinmeier-condemns-hatred-and-division/a-56630350|title=Hanau shooting: Steinmeier condemns hatred and division | DW | 19.02.2021|first=Deutsche|last=Welle (www.dw.com)|via=www.dw.com}}

In March 2022, it was announced by filmmaker Uwe Boll that he was writing and directing a fictionalized portrayal of the shootings as a feature film. The movie, titled Hanau, has been described by the filmmaker as "an intense psychogram" of Rathjen.{{Cite web |last=Boll |first=Uwe |date=2022-03-04 |title=Hanau {{!}} Apple TV |url=https://tv.apple.com/us/movie/hanau/umc.cmc.7f1bgjw3zcw221193qilq4q35 |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=AppleTV |language=en-US}} The film, titled Hanau (Deutschland im Winter - Part 1) was released on 4 March 2022, to unfavorable reviews.{{Citation |last=Boll |first=Uwe |title=Hanau (Deutschland im Winter - Part 1) |date=2022-03-04 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt14260142/ |type=Drama |access-date=2023-03-28 |publisher=Bolu Filmproduktion und Verleih}}

• 2004 Cologne bombing
• 2016 Munich shooting
• 2019 Halle synagogue shooting
• Murder of Michèle Kiesewetter
• National Socialist Underground murders

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=Hilary |last2=Gardiner |first2=Steven |title=Hanau and the Rise of Right-Wing Terrorism in Germany |url=https://politicalresearch.org/2020/03/26/hanau-and-rise-right-wing-terrorism-germany |journal=Political Research Associates |date=26 March 2020}}

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{{Terrorism in Germany}}

{{Mass shootings in Germany}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hanau}}

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