Heinz Ewald
{{short description|German World War II fighter pilot}}
{{Infobox military person
|name=Heinz Ewald
|birth_date={{birth date|1922|9|1|df=y}}
|death_date={{death date and age|2002|3|14|1922|9|1|df=y}}
|birth_place=Zoppot, Free City of Danzig (now Sopot, Poland)
|allegiance={{flag|Nazi Germany}}
|branch={{air force|Nazi Germany}}
|serviceyears=1939–1945
|rank=Leutnant (second lieutenant)
|commands=7./JG 52
|unit=JG 52, JG 106
|battles=World War II
|awards=Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
|laterwork=}}
Heinz "Esau" Ewald (1 September 1922 – 14 March 2002) was a Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
Heinz Ewald was credited with 84 victories in 395 combat missions.
Career
On 1 December 1941 Ewald volunteered for military service. After his pilot training, which included flight training with the Fliegerausbildungsregiment 23 in Kaufbeuren, he was posted, in the fall of 1943, to 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) on the Eastern Front and was soon one of the best young pilots of his group. He frequently flew as wingman to Gerhard Barkhorn.{{sfn|Heaton|Lewis|Olds|Schulze|2011|p=27}} On his fourth sortie, and on his first enemy encounter, he shot down his first opponent on 11 December 1943. He was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class, on 8 January 1944; the Iron Cross 1st Class on 7 March. He was promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant) on 1 May, and he received the Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe ({{lang|de|Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe}}) on 25 May.{{sfn|Obermaier|1989|p=118}}
On 17 December 1943, Ewald made a forced landing in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6.{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=401}} On 21 March 1944, he was shot down by anti-aircraft artillery in his Bf 109 G-6.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=319}} On 24 June, he was again shot down, this time in his Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 163568—factory number) during combat with Consolidated B-24 Liberator bombers southeast of Malu Roșu, Ploiești and wounded.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=320}} Prior to being shot down, Esau claimed a B-24 bomber. He made two attacks on the bomber. The first attack, which was made in a head on attack, damaged the bomber and separated it from its combat box. The second attack, which flown from a stern direction, was observed to have shot down the B-24 bomber with its left wing on fire.{{sfn|Weal|2007|p=73}} Flying a third attack on the bomber formation, Ewald was hit by the defensive fire of another bomber. His engine caught fire and he was forced to bail out. Fearing to come to get shot in his parachute by an escorting fighter, he let himself fall to approximately {{convert|1000|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} before deploying his parachute.{{sfn|Weal|2007|pp=73–74}}
On 30 September, II. Gruppe moved to Nagyrábé. Here on 6 October, Ewald claimed his first aerial victory following his injuries sustained on 24 June when he shot down a Yakovlev Yak-11 aircraft.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|pp=171–172, 368}} He received the German Cross in Gold ({{lang|de|Deutsches Kreuz in Gold}}) on 30 November.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=288}} On 18 January, II. Gruppe relocated to Veszprém where they stayed until 21 March. Here the Gruppe supported the 6th Army fighting in Operation Konrad III in an attempt to relieve the siege of Budapest. Here, Ewald claimed an aerial victory over an Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft the next day, a Douglas A-20 Havoc bomber, also named "Boston", on 20 January. On 22 January, he was credited with four Lavochkin La-5 fighters shot down near Stuhlweißenburg, present-day Székesfehérvár, followed by another La-5 on 30 January and 2 February, and two La-5s on 4 February.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|pp=194, 371}}
=Squadron leader=
On 15 February 1945, Ewald succeeded Oberleutnant Helmut Lipfert as Staffelkapitän (squadron leader of 6. Staffel of JG 52. On 1 March, the Staffel was redesignated and became the 7. Staffel.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=286}} That day, he was shot down in his Bf 109 G-10/U4 (Werknummer 610964) by German anti-aircraft artillery near the airfield at Vesprém.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=324}} On 3 April, he made a strafing attack on Russian positions and came under attack of 12 North American P-51 Mustang resulting in a forced landing {{convert|3|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}} near the front line.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=325}}
II. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Brünn, present-day Brno in the Czech Republic, on 14 April. There, Ewald claimed his last four aerial victories. That day, he shot down two Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and a Yakovlev Yak-9 fighter on 15 and 16 April, taking his total to 84.{{sfn|Barbas|2005|pp=199–200, 372}} Four days later on 20 April, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ({{lang|de|Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes}}), the last pilot of II. Gruppe to receive this distinction.{{sfn|Schreier|1990|p=174}}{{sfn|Weal|2004|p=118}}{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=287}}
Ewald was held as a Prisoner of War at Fürstenfeldbruck Lager from 8 May until 22 June 1945.
Summary of career
=Aerial victory claims=
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Ewald was credited with 84 aerial victories.{{sfn|Zabecki|2014|p=1614}} Spick also lists Ewald with 84 aerial victories claimed in 396 combat missions.{{sfn|Spick|1996|p=235}} Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 82 aerial victory claims, including one P-51 fighter, plus 16 further unconfirmed claims. All of his confirmed victories were claimed on the Eastern Front.{{sfn|Mathews|Foreman|2014|pp=294–296}}
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 34 Ost 66562". The Luftwaffe grid map ({{lang|de|Jägermeldenetz}}) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about {{Convert|360|sqmi|sqkm}}. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area {{Convert|3|x|4|km|mi|abbr=on|sp=us}} in size.{{sfn|Planquadrat}}
| class="wikitable plainrowheaders collapsible" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none; text-align:right; width: 100%;" |
| colspan="12" | Chronicle of aerial victories |
|---|
| colspan="12" style="text-align: left;" |
{{legend|#fbec5d;|This and the ♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Ewald an ace-in-a-day, a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day. |border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#e3d9ff|This and the – (dash) indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Ewald did not receive credit.|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#faecc8|This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Barbas, Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} |
| scope="col" | Claim
!scope="col" | Date !scope="col" | Time !scope="col" width="100px" | Type !scope="col" | Location !scope="col"| Unit !scope="col" style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | Claim !scope="col" | Date !scope="col" | Time !scope="col" width="100px" | Type !scope="col" | Location !scope="col"| Unit |
| colspan="12" | – Claims with II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 52 –{{sfn|Mathews|Foreman|2014|p=294}} Eastern Front — November – 31 December 1943 |
| 1
| 12 November 1943 | 10:27 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66562, south of Bulganak{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=392}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 5 | 29 December 1943 | 09:35 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66613{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=395}} | Stab II./JG 52 |
| 2
| 14 November 1943 | 11:55 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 6673{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=392}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 6 | 31 December 1943 | 14:22 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 66522, northwest of Kesy{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=395}} | Stab II./JG 52 |
| 3
| 5 December 1943 | 13:35 | Il-2 m.H.{{refn|The "m.H." refers to an Ilyushin Il-2 with rear gunner ({{lang|de|mit Heckschütze}}).|group="Note"|name="Il-2 m.H."}} | southwest of Eltigen{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=394}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 7 | 31 December 1943 | 14:25 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66531, northwest of Katerles{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=395}} | Stab II./JG 52 |
| 4
| 17 December 1943 | 10:11 | Yak-1 | north of Gorkom{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=394}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 8 | 31 December 1943 | 14:30 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 66531, northwest of Katerles{{sfn|Prien|Stemmer|Rodeike|Bock|2012|p=395}} | Stab II./JG 52 |
| colspan="12" | – Claims with II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 52 –{{sfn|Mathews|Foreman|2014|pp=294–295}} Eastern Front — 1 January – 31 December 1944 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 17 January 1944 | 15:00 | P-39{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=358}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 27 | 8 June 1944 | 17:38 | P-39 | vicinity of Iași{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 9
| 23 January 1944 | 12:17 | P-39 | Baherove{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=358}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey; background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}} | 11 June 1944 | ~10:00 | P-51{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 23 January 1944 | 14:30 | P-39{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=358}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 28 | 12 June 1944 | 17:38 | Yak-7 | vicinity of Manzar{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 10
| 24 January 44 | 14:58 | Baherove{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=358}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey; background:#faecc8" | 29?{{Refn|According to Mathews and Foreman this claim is unconfirmed.{{sfn|Mathews|Foreman|2014|p=295}}|group="Note"}} | 24 June 1944 | 11:35 | B-24 | vicinity of Buzău{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 24 January 1944 | ~15:00 | Yak-1{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=358}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 30 | 6 October 1944 | 13:01 | Yak-11 | Nagyrábé{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=368}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 25 January 1944 | ~15:00 | Yak-1{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=359}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey; background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}} | 28 October 1944 | 14:20 | Boston{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | | 6./JG 52 |
| 11
| 26 January 1944 | 11:40 | P-39 | Baherove{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=359}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 31 | 31 October 1944 | 15:37 | PQ 97256{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 12
| 12 February 1944 | 08:34 | Yak-9 | PQ 66562{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=359}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 32 | 31 October 1944 | 15:42 | La-5 | PQ 97276{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 13
| 12 February 1944 | 15:52 | Yak-9 | PQ 66614{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=359}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 33 | 1 November 1944 | 11:18 | Yak-7 | PQ 98899{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 14
| 25 February 1944 | 08:34 | Yak-7 | PQ 47772{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 34 | 1 November 1944 | 11:23 | Yak-7 | Ferihegy{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 15
| 25 February 1944 | 08:36 | Yak-7 | PQ 47772{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 35 | 1 November 1944 | 14:24 | Ferihegy{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 16
| 25 February 1944 | 15:35 | Yak-7 | PQ 4758{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 36 | 13 November 1944 | 14:54 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Budaörs{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 17
| 26 February 1944 | 12:32 | P-40 | PQ 6644{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey; background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}} | 14 November 1944 | ~08:00 | Yak-9{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | | 6./JG 52 |
| 18
| 1 March 1944 | style="background:#faecc8" | 08:22?{{Refn|According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 08:20.{{sfn|Mathews|Foreman|2014|p=294}}|group="Note"}} | P-40 | Grammatikowo{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 37 | 16 November 1944 | 08:52 | La-5 | vicinity of Jászberény{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=369}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 1 March 1944 | ~12:00 | Yak-1{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 38 | 16 November 1944 | 11:46 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Jászberény{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 19
| 2 March 1944 | 13:50 | Yak-1 | PQ 66562{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 39 | 16 November 1944 | 11:51 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Jászberény{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 20
| 11 March 1944 | 08:32 | Yak-1 | PQ 46112{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 40 | 16 November 1944 | 14:03 | Yak-9 | PQ 8373{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 11 March 1944 | ~12:00 | Yak-1{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=360}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 41 | 17 November 1944 | 08:36 | Yak-9 | PQ 98464{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 21
| 13 March 1944 | 10:10 | Yak-7 | Grammatikowo{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=361}} | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 42 | 17 November 1944 | 11:06 | PQ 98433{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 21 March 1944 | ~15:00 | Yak-7{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=361}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 43 | 5 December 1944 | 10:51 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Hatvan{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 2 April 1944 | ~13:00 | P-40{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=362}} | | Stab II./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 44 | 5 December 1944 | 11:04 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Hatvan{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 22
| 30 May 1944 | 17:22 | P-39 | vicinity of Huși{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=366}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 45 | 5 December 1944 | 13:34 | La-5 | PQ 98417{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 23
| 31 May 1944 | 18:46 | P-39 | vicinity of Huși{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 46 | 5 December 1944 | 15:09 | Yak-9 | PQ 98444{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 24
| 2 June 1944 | 14:54 | Yak-7 | PQ 78561{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey; background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}} | 8 December 1944 | ~15:00 | Yak-9{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | | 6./JG 52 |
| 25
| 3 June 1944 | 16:24 | vicinity of Huși{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 47 | 11 December 1944 | 11:56 | Yak-9 | PQ 88698{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 26
| 4 June 1944 | 17:21 | P-39 | vicinity of Huși{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 48 | 14 December 1944 | 10:25 | PQ 88755{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 6 June 1944 | ~13:00 | Yak-1{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 49 | 22 December 1944 | ~14:00 | vicinity of Csór{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=370}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}}
| 6 June 1944 | ~13:00 | Yak-1{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=367}} | | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | | | | | | |
| colspan="12" | – Claims with II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 52 –{{sfn|Mathews|Foreman|2014|pp=295–296}} Eastern Front – 1 January – 16 April 1945 |
| 50
| 2 January 1945 | 12:30 | La-5 | south of Gran{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 68 | 2 February 1945 | ~15:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 |
| 51
| 2 January 1945 | 12:30 | Yak-9 | south of Gran{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 69 | 4 February 1945 | ~16:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#fbec5d;" | 52♠
| 3 January 1945 | ~09:00 | Yak-9 | south of Gran{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 70 | 4 February 1945 | ~16:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 |
| style="background:#fbec5d;" | 53♠
| 3 January 1945 | ~09:00 | Yak-9 | south of Gran{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 71 | 1 March 1945 | ~13:00 | P-51 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 7./JG 52 |
| style="background:#fbec5d;" | 54♠
| 3 January 1945 | ~09:00 | Yak-9 | south of Gran{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey; background:#e3d9ff;" | {{Center|—}} | 8 March 1945 | ~16:00 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 7./JG 52 |
| style="background:#fbec5d;" | 55♠
| 3 January 1945 | ~14:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Bajna{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 72 | 11 March 1945 | ~15:00 | Yak-9{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | | 7./JG 52 |
| style="background:#fbec5d;" | 56♠
| 3 January 1945 | ~14:00 | Yak-9 | south of Bajna{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 73 | 13 March 1945 | ~10:00 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 57
| 4 January 1945 | ~10:00 | La-5 | south of Gran{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 74 | 13 March 1945 | ~16:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 58
| 6 January 1945 | 13:30 | La-5 | vicinity of Bicske{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 75 | 13 March 1945 | ~16:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 59
| 6 January 1945 | ~11:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Gran{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 76 | 14 March 1945 | ~13:00 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 60
| 16 January 1945 | ~14:00 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Budapest{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 77 | 14 March 1945 | ~17:00 | Boston | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 61
| 19 January 1945 | ~12:00 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 78 | 16 March 1945 | ~17:00 | Yak-3 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 62
| 20 January 1945 | ~16:00 | Boston | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 79 | 5 April 1945 | ~11:00 | vicinity of Vienna{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 63
| 22 January 1945 | 13:30 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 80 | 7 April 1945 | ~17:00 | Yak-3 | vicinity of Vienna{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 64
| 22 January 1945 | 13:30 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 81 | 14 April 1945 | ~11:00 | vicinity of Vienna{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 65
| 22 January 1945 | ~16:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 82 | 14 April 1945 | ~13:00 | vicinity of Vienna{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 66
| 22 January 1945 | ~16:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Stuhlweißenburg{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 83 | 15 April 1945 | ~12:00 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Lah{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
| 67
| 30 January 1945 | ~13:00 | La-5 | vicinity of Budapest{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=371}} | 6./JG 52 | style="border-left: 3px solid grey;" | 84 | 16 April 1945 | ~10:00 | Yak-9 | vicinity of Lah{{sfn|Barbas|2005|p=372}} | 7./JG 52 |
=Awards=
- Iron Cross (1939)
- 2nd Class (8 January 1944){{sfn|Dixon|2023|p=219}}
- 1st Class (7 March 1944)
- Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe in Gold (22 March 1944){{sfn|Dixon|2023|p=219}}
- Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 19 June 1944 as Unteroffizier and pilot{{sfn|Patzwall|2008|p=74}}{{refn|According to Obermaier on 25 May 1944.{{sfn|Obermaier|1989|p=108}}|group="Note"}}
- Wound Badge in Black (1 August 1944)
- German Cross in Gold on 30 November 1944 as Leutnant in the II./Jagdgeschwader 52{{sfn|Patzwall|Scherzer|2001|p=107}}
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 20 April 1945 as Leutnant and pilot in the 5./Jagdgeschwader 52{{sfn|Fellgiebel|2000|p=176}}{{sfn|Scherzer|2007|p=300}}
Notes
{{Reflist|group="Note"}}
References
=Citations=
{{Reflist|25em}}
=Bibliography=
{{Refbegin|30em}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Barbas
|first=Bernd
|year=2005
|title=Die Geschichte der II. Gruppe des Jagdgeschwaders 52
|publisher=Selbstverl.
|trans-title=The History of 2nd Group of Fighter Wing 52
|language=de
|isbn=978-3-923457-71-7
}}
- {{Cite web
|last=Bergström
|first=Christer
|author-link=:sv:Christer Bergström
|work=Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat
|title=Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website
|url=http://www.bergstrombooks.elknet.pl/bc-rs/planquadrat.htm
|access-date=30 March 2022
|ref={{sfnRef|Planquadrat}}
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222042030/http://www.bergstrombooks.elknet.pl/bc-rs/planquadrat.htm
|archive-date=22 December 2018
|url-status=dead
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Dixon
|first=Jeremy
|year=2023
|title=Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe: Knight's Cross Holders 1943–1945
|location=Barnsley
|publisher=Pen and Sword Books
|isbn=978-1-39903-073-1
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Esau
|first=Heinz Ewald
|year=1975
|title=als Jagdflieger im Erfolgreichsten Jagdgeschwader 1943–1945
|trans-title=as a Fighter Pilot in the Most Successful Fighter Wing 1943–1945
|language=de
|location=Coburg, Germany
|oclc=798966148
|ref=none
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Fellgiebel
|first=Walther-Peer
|author-link=:de:Walther-Peer Fellgiebel
|year=2000
|origyear=1986
|title=Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile
|trans-title=The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches
|language=de
|location=Friedberg, Germany
|publisher=Podzun-Pallas
|isbn=978-3-7909-0284-6
}}
- {{Cite book
|last1=Mathews
|first1=Andrew Johannes
|last2=Foreman
|first2=John
|year=2014
|title=Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 1 A–F
|location=Walton on Thames
|publisher=Red Kite
|isbn=978-1-906592-18-9
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Obermaier
|first=Ernst
|year=1989
|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945
|trans-title=The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945
|language=de
|location=Mainz, Germany
|publisher=Verlag Dieter Hoffmann
|isbn=978-3-87341-065-7
}}
- {{Cite book
|last1=Patzwall
|first1=Klaus D.
|last2=Scherzer
|first2=Veit
|year=2001
|title=Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II
|trans-title=The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2
|language=de
|location=Norderstedt, Germany
|publisher=Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall
|isbn=978-3-931533-45-8
}}
- {{Cite book
|last1=Patzwall
|first1=Klaus D.
|year=2008
|title=Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg
|trans-title=The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War
|language=de
|location=Norderstedt, Germany
|publisher=Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall
|isbn=978-3-931533-08-3
}}
- {{Cite book
|last1=Prien
|first1=Jochen
|last2=Stemmer
|first2=Gerhard
|last3=Rodeike
|first3=Peter
|last4=Bock
|first4=Winfried
|year=2012
|title=Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 12/II—Einsatz im Osten—4.2. bis 31.12.1943
|trans-title=The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 12/II—Action in the East—4 February to 31 December 1943
|language=de
|location=Eutin, Germany
|publisher=Buchverlag Rogge
|isbn=978-3-942943-05-5
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Scherzer
|first=Veit
|year=2007
|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives
|trans-title=The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives
|language=de
|location=Jena, Germany
|publisher=Scherzers Militaer-Verlag
|isbn=978-3-938845-17-2
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Schreier
|first=Hans
|year=1990
|title=JG 52 Das erfolgreichste Jagdgeschwader des 2. Weltkriegs
|trans-title=JG 52 The Most Successful Fighter Wing of World War II
|language=de
|location=Berg am See
|publisher=K. Vowinckel
|isbn=978-3-921655-66-5
}}
- {{Cite book
|last1=Heaton
|first1=Colin D.
|last2=Lewis
|first2=Anne-Marie
|last3=Olds
|first3=Robin
|author-link3=Robin Olds
|last4=Schulze
|first4=Kurt
|year=2011
|title=The German Aces Speak: World War II Through the Eyes of Four of the Luftwaffe's Most Important Commanders
|publisher=Voyageur Press
|isbn=978-1-61059-748-7
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Spick
|first=Mike
|year=1996
|title=Luftwaffe Fighter Aces
|location=New York
|publisher=Ivy Books
|isbn=978-0-8041-1696-1
|url-access=registration
|url=https://archive.org/details/luftwaffefighter00mike
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Weal
|first=John
|year=2004
|title=Jagdgeschwader 52: The Experten
|series=Aviation Elite Units
|volume=15
|location=Oxford, UK
|publisher=Osprey Publishing
|isbn=978-1-84176-786-4
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Weal
|first=John
|year=2007
|title=More Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front
|series=Aircraft of the Aces
|volume=76
|location=Oxford, UK
|publisher=Osprey Publishing
|isbn=978-1-84603-177-9
}}
- {{Cite book
|editor-last=Zabecki
|editor-first=David T.
|editor-link=David T. Zabecki
|title=Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History
|location=Santa Barbara, California
|publisher=ABC-Clio
|year=2014
|isbn=978-1-59884-981-3
}}
{{Refend}}
{{Knight's Cross recipients of JG 52}}
{{Subject bar
| portal1=Aviation
| portal2=Biography
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ewald, Heinz}}
Category:Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Category:Recipients of the Gold German Cross
Category:German World War II flying aces