Help:IPA/Tibetan
{{IPA key|H:IPA-BO}}
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Tibetan pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.
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| style="vertical-align:top;" | {| class="wikitable sortable" !IPA !! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Tibetan !! English approximation | |
| colspan=4| Consonants | |
|---|---|
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|b}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | བ | bog ({{IPA|[p]}} on a low tone) | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|c}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཀྱ | skew | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʰ|cʰ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཁྱ གྱ | cute | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɕ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཞ ཤ | sheep | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|d}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ད | dog ({{IPA|[t]}} on a low tone) | |
| style="text-align:center;" | {{IPAlink|ɖ}} ~ {{IPA|ɖʐ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| གྲ | draw ({{IPA|[ʈ]}}~{{IPA|[ʈʂ]}} on a low tone) | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|dz}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཛ | adz ({{IPA|[ts]}} on a low tone) | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|dʑ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཇ | jeep ({{IPA|[tɕ]}} on a low tone) |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɡ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ག | gone ({{IPA|[k]}} on a low tone) | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|h}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཧ | head |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|j}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཡ | yes |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɟ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | གྱ | argue ({{IPA|[c]}} on a low tone) | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|k}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཀ | scat |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|kʰ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཁ ག | cat |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|l}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ལ | leap |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|l̥}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ལྷ | (voiceless l, like hl) |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|m}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | མ | moon |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|n}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ན | noon |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɲ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཉ | canyon |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ŋ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ང | song |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|p}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | པ | spin |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|pʰ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཕ བ | pin |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɹ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ར | drink |
| style="text-align:center;" | {{IPAlink|ɹ̥}}
| style=text-align:center;" colspan=2 | རྷ | (voiceless r, like hr) |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|s}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཟ ས | song |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʂ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཧྲ | like first part of shrew [ʂɹu] |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|t}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཏ | stop |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|tʰ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ད ཐ | top |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʈ}} ~ {{IPA|ʈʂ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཀྲ | stream |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʈʰ|ʈʰ}} ~ {{IPAlink|ʰ|ʈʂʰ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཁྲ གྲ | track |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|tɕ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཅ | beach |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|tɕʰ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཇ ཆ | cheer |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ts}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཙ | cats |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|tsʰ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཛ ཚ | tsunami |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|w}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཝ | water |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|z}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཟ | zoo ({{IPA|[s]}} on a low tone) |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʑ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཞ | genre ({{IPA|[ɕ]}} on a low tone) |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʔ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཨ | oh-oh! |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʎ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ལྱ | Spanish castilla |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɥ}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཝཡ | French huit (Between yet and wet) |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ç}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | ཧྱ | similarly huge |
| style="vertical-align:top;" |
| class="wikitable sortable"
! IPA ! Tibetan !! English approximation |
| colspan=3| Vowels |
|---|
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|a}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨ | between fat and father |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|e}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨེ | day |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɛ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨ | bed |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|i}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨི | see |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɪ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨི | sit |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|o}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨོ | story |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ø}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨོ | RP rural |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ɔ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨོ | off |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|œ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨོ | furry; French sœur |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|u}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨུ | cool |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʊ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨུ | good |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|y}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨུ | roughly like root (some dialects)These dialects include modern Received Pronunciation and most forms of English English (with some exceptions such as Yorkshire), Australian, New Zealand, White South African, Scottish, Ulster, Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and California English. Other dialects of English, such as Northern American, New York City, New England, African American Vernacular, Welsh and Republic of Ireland English, have no close equiavalent vowel.; French tu, German über |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ʏ}}
| style="text-align:center;" | ཨུ | like sit but with the lips rounded; German fünf |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPAlink|ã|◌̃}}
| style="text-align:center;" | |
| class="wikitable"
! colspan=2 | Tones | |
| IPA | Description |
|---|---|
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPA|sí}}
|high level: {{IPA|si˥}} | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPA|sî}}
| high falling: {{IPA|si˥˧}} | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPA|sǐ}}
| low rising: {{IPA|si˩˧}} | |
| style="text-align:center;" |{{IPA|sì}}
| low level: {{IPA|si˩}} |
|}
Notes
{{reflist}}
See also
- {{clc|Pages with Standard Tibetan IPA|pages}}
{{IPA keys}}