High-speed rail in Brazil

A feasibility study projected demand of almost 33 million passengers by 2015. This estimate however is highly criticized for being too generous.{{cite news| url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2012/08/high-speed-rail-brazil| title=Fourth Time Unlucky| newspaper=The Economist| date=April 24, 2012| access-date=July 13, 2017| archive-date=December 5, 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205194620/https://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2012/08/high-speed-rail-brazil| url-status=live}}

The plans include linking the São Paulo International Airport, in Guarulhos, Greater São Paulo, the Viracopos International Airport, in Campinas, and the Galeão International Airport, in Rio de Janeiro. The route will include 134 km (85 mi) of track passing through 105 tunnels and viaducts. In Guarulhos, São Paulo, there will be a tunnel of 15 km (9.3 mi) in length.

Apart from the Inter-American Development Bank, five other international institutions have already tabled the possibility of investing in the Brazilian super train. BNDES, in particular, has proposed financing the project.{{cite web|url=http://www.railjournal.com/newsflash/bndes-offers-loan-for-brazilian-hsl.html |access-date=2010-11-14 |title=BNDES offers loan for Brazilian HSL - International Railway Journal |date=2010-11-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124073549/http://www.railjournal.com/newsflash/bndes-offers-loan-for-brazilian-hsl.html |archive-date=2010-11-24 }} An estimated 200,000 jobs are expected to be generated by the project once it gets underway.{{Cite web |url=http://oglobo.globo.com/viagem/mat/2007/06/03/296011154.asp |title=Rio-São Paulo Supertrain facts |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2011-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016200120/http://oglobo.globo.com/viagem/mat/2007/06/03/296011154.asp |url-status=live }}

The winning bidders will join the government as venture partners through a public company, called ETAV. In July 2000, the CND (National Council for Privatization), following the ruling of the TCU (Court of Audit), authorized the release of the feasibility study for the project.{{cite web|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/10/rio-sao-paulo-bidding-ready-to-start.html

|access-date=2010-07-20

|title=Railway Gazette: Rio – São Paulo high speed rail bidding ready to start

}}

The consortium that won the bidding for the high-speed train will, according to the original plan, have six years to complete the stretch between Rio and Campinas. According to ANTT (National Agency of Land Transport), however, the winning bidder could complete certain stretches ready for operation beforehand. It was hoped that the complete linkage between Campinas to Rio, via São Paulo, would be complete and in operation for the 2016 Summer Olympics but, due to delays, the project was expected to be completed by 2020.{{Cite web |url=http://www.jornalpequeno.com.br/2010/7/13/trecho-do-trem-bala-podera-ficar-pronto-para-a-copa-de-2014-124371.htm |title=TAV Brazil and the FIFA 2014 World Cup |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2011-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711044543/http://www.jornalpequeno.com.br/2010/7/13/trecho-do-trem-bala-podera-ficar-pronto-para-a-copa-de-2014-124371.htm |url-status=live }} Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the project has been delayed and is now expected to be completed in 2029.{{Cite web |date=2021-10-04 |title=Trem de alta velocidade no Brasil: realidade ou futuro? - Massa |url=https://massa.ind.br/trem-de-alta-velocidade-no-brasil/ |access-date=2022-09-07 |website=Massa - Pesagem e Automação Industrial |language=pt-BR |archive-date=2023-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309180829/https://massa.ind.br/trem-de-alta-velocidade-no-brasil/ |url-status=live }}

The ETAV, with headquarters in Brasília, aims to plan and promote the development of high-speed rail integrated with other modes of transportation in the country. ETAV's assignments include feasibility studies, technical-economic engineering, research, innovation and technology, absorb and transfer technology, supporting capacity development of national industry, overseeing the execution of the works of infrastructure and the implementation of the operation of transport high-speed railway. The new company will be organized in the form of a privately held corporation and has its capital represented by common shares - of which at least 50% will be owned by a Union.{{Cite web |url=http://www.copa2014.org.br/noticias/4563/EDITAL+DE+LICITACAO+DO+TAV+E+LANCADO+EM+BRASILIA.html |title=ETAV headquartered in Brasília, Federal District |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2010-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716171856/http://www.copa2014.org.br/noticias/4563/EDITAL+DE+LICITACAO+DO+TAV+E+LANCADO+EM+BRASILIA.html |url-status=live }}

The parameters of the planned railroad are: Gauge: {{track gauge|1435mm}}; Maximum Projected Speed: 350 km/h; Maximum Gradient (gradient) of the project: 3.5%; Minimum Horizontal Radius: 7228 m; Minimum Vertical Radius: 42.875 m; Axle Load per Train: 17 t; Crossing Loop/Minimum Platform Length at Each Station: 500 m/400 m (for train sets up to 16 cars).

The extension and their paths are divided by 90.9 km or 56.4 mi (18%) of Tunnel, 107.8 km or 66.9 mi (21%) of bridges and viaducts, and 312.1 km or 193.9 mi (61%) of the surface.{{Cite web |url=http://www.tavbrasil.gov.br/default.asp |title=TAV Brasil – Tracing |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918214618/http://www.tavbrasil.gov.br/Default.asp |archive-date=2009-09-18 |url-status=dead }}

{{main|Rio–São Paulo high-speed rail}}

{{TAV Rio-SP}}

The first planned line will link the Brazilian cities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. There will be seven stations on the route, including the cities of Campinas, Jundiaí, São José dos Campos, and Aparecida in the State of São Paulo and the cities of Resende, Barra Mansa in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The project will include the main airports of Campinas, São Paulo, and Rio.

{{Main|Expresso Pequi}}

In 2009, the construction of the TAV High-speed railway between Brasília/Anápolis/Goiânia was announced, known as the Expresso Pequi. In 2017, South Korean rail operator AREX proposed a line with a maximum speed of {{convert|250|km/h|abbr=on}} between the two cities.{{cite web|url=https://www.railjournal.com/regions/central-south-america/korean-group-considers-brazilian-passenger-project/|title=Korean group considers Brazilian passenger project|website=International Rail Journal|date=17 May 2017|access-date=3 August 2019}}

There are also plans for a high-speed railway between Uberlândia and Ribeirão Preto, which will be funded by the federal government.

• List of high-speed railway lines
• Trens Intercidades

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• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110809061125/http://www.tavbrasil.gov.br/ TAV – Trem de Alta Velocidade] {{in lang|pt}}

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es:Tren de Alta Velocidad de Brasil