Hippomane
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{For|the solid structure formed in horse pregnancy|Hippomanes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Hippomane mancinella (fruit).jpg
|image_caption = Hippomane mancinella
|display_parents = 3
|taxon = Hippomane
|authority = L.
|type_species = Hippomane mancinella
|type_species_authority = L.lectotype designated by M. L. Green, Prop. Brit. Bot. 195 (1929)
|synonyms_ref = [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=99362 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]
|synonyms = *Mancanilla Plum. ex Adans.
- Mancinella Tussac
}}
Hippomane is a genus of plants in the Euphorbiaceae described by Linnaeus in 1753.[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40026296 Tropicos, Hippomane L.][https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/359212#page/633/mode/1up Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 1191-1192] in Latin It is native to the West Indies, Central America, Mexico, Florida, Venezuela, Colombia, and Galápagos.Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.González Ramírez, J. 2010. Euphorbiaceae. En: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. 5. B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 290–394.Martínez Gordillo, M., J. J. Ramírez, R. C. Durán, E. J. Arriaga, R. García, A. Cervantes & R. M. Hernández. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Botánica 73(2): 155–281.Webster, G. L. & M.J. Huft. 1988. Revised synopsis of Panamanian Euphorbiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75(3): 1087–1144.[http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Hippomane%20mancinella.png Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map]
Derivation of name
The name of the genus references the Greek name hippomanes (applied by Theophrastus to an unidentified plant said to poison horses, sending them mad) - this being a compound of the Greek elements ἵππος (= {{transliteration|grc|(h)ippos}}) horse and μανία (= mania) insanity / frenzy - hence "sending horses insane".Quattrocchi, Umberto (2012). CRC World dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms and etymology. CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group. {{ISBN|978-1-4398-9445-3}} Volume III E-L pps. 484-5.
Species
- Hippomane horrida Urb. & Ekman. - Barahona in Dominican Rep
- Hippomane mancinella L. - West Indies, Mexico, Central America, Florida Keys, Venezuela, Colombia, Galápagos
- Hippomane spinosa L. - Hispaniola
moved to other genera: Sapium
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