Hirshabelle
{{short description|State in Somalia }}
{{multiple issues|
{{more footnotes needed|date=November 2018}}
{{original research|date=April 2020}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Hirshabelle State of Somalia
| common_name = Hirshabelle
| native_name = {{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:88%; |{{native name|so|Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabeele ee Soomaaliya}} |{{native name|ar|{{lower|0.1em|{{resize|120%| ولاية هيرشابيل الصومال}}}} |italics=off}}|{{Transliteration|ar|Wilāyat hirshabeele aṣ-Ṣūmāl}}}}
| image_flag = Flag of Hirshabelle.svg
| image_coat = File:Hirshabelle coat of arms high quality.png
| symbol_type = Coat of arms
| national_motto =
| national_anthem = Qolobaa Calankeed
| image_map = Location Hirshabelle.png
| capital = Jowhar
| largest_city = Jowhar
| coordinates = {{Coord|04|44|09|N|045|12|13|E|type:city}}
| official_languages = Somali
| government_type = Federated state under a presidential democracy
| leader_title1 = Governor
| leader_name1 = Ali Abdullahi Hussein
| leader_title2 = Lieutenant Governor
| leader_name2 = Yusuf Ahmed Hagar Dabageed
| leader_name3 =
| leader_title3 =
| sovereignty_type = Autonomy Federal Member State
| sovereignty_note = within Somalia
| established_event1 = Established
| established_date1 =
| area_rank =
| percent_water =
| population_estimate = 1,964,100 (estimate){{Cite web |title=Somalia: Subdivision and cities |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/somalia/ |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=www.citypopulation.de |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425194524/https://citypopulation.de/en/somalia/ |url-status=live }}
| population_census =
| population_estimate_year = 2019
| population_estimate_rank =
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| Gini =
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| HDI = 0.3
| HDI_year =
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| currency = Somali shilling
| currency_code = SOS
| time_zone = EAT
| utc_offset = +3
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| time_zone_DST = not observed
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = +252 (Somalia)
| cctld = .so
| official_website =
| area_magnitude =
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| iso3166code = SO
| demonym = Somali
| today =
| map_width =
| ethnic_groups = Somali
| religion = Islam
}}
Hirshabelle, officially Hirshabelle State of Somalia (Somali: Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle ee Soomaaliya), is a Federal Member State in south-central Somalia. It is bordered by Galmudug state of Somalia to the north, South West State of Somalia and Banadir region to the south, Ethiopia to the west and the Indian Ocean to the east. Jowhar is the capital state.
Hirshabelle consists of the Hiran and Middle Shabelle regions of Somalia. The name of the state originates from combining their names. Hirshabelle proclaimed itself the autonomous Federal Member State of the Federal Republic of Somalia as stipulated in the provisional Constitution of Somalia.
Background
The creation of the Hirshabelle State has long been controversial, as both regions, Hiran and Middle Shabelle, have expressed a desire to create their own separate regional states.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}
In October 2016, local presidential elections were held, which were won by Ali Abdullahi Osoble.{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-37678040 |title=Baarlamaanka Hirshabeele oo madaxweyne doortay — BBC News Somali |access-date=17 November 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409033042/https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-37678040 |url-status=live }} On 11 March 2017, the Hirshabelle Parliament approved a new Cabinet of 52 Ministers. In September 2017, the Parliament elected a President, Mohamed Abdi Ware.{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/41293018 |title=HirShabeelle oo yeelatay madaxweyne cusub — BBC News Somali |access-date=17 November 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409190937/https://www.bbc.com/somali/41293018 |url-status=live }}
Ali Abdullahi Hussein has held the position of president in Hirshabelle State since 2020. Out of the 99 members of Parliament, 86 cast their votes in favor of him, with the remaining 13 votes going to Abdirahman Jimale Osman.{{Cite web |title=iftiin fm – ileyska ummadda |url=http://www.iftiinfm.co.ke/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317155346/http://www.iftiinfm.co.ke/ |archive-date=2022-03-17 |access-date=2020-11-15 |language=en-US}}
Women's rights
In 2021, according to a report by the Somali Bureau of National Statistics, 21% of women in Hirshabelle State had experienced physical violence, 99.5% of women aged 15–49 had undergone female genital mutilation, 75% owned a mobile telephone, and 8% had used the internet in the preceding 12 months.{{Cite book |url=https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/hshds_report_2021_24nov.pdf |title=Somali Health and Demographic Survey: Hirshabelle Report |date=2021 |publisher=Hirshabelle State o Somalia}} As of 2024, the Minister for Women and Human Rights was Rahma Guliye.{{Cite web |date=2024-05-08 |title=Trailblazing Unity: Somalia Welcomes New Chapter of African Women Leaders Network |url=https://africa.unwomen.org/en/stories/news/2024/05/trailblazing-unity-somalia-welcomes-new-chapter-of-african-women-leaders-network |access-date=2024-08-17 |website=UN Women – Africa |language=en}}
Administration
The President of Hirshabelle is an executive head of Hirshabelle State of Somalia; the president is both head of state and head of government. The President can appoint and dismiss Cabinet members.
= Presidents =
For a comprehensive list of the presidents of Hirshabelle State of Somalia, see the List of presidents of Hirshabelle article. The current president of Hirshabelle is Ali Abdullahi Hussein.
Climate
In March and April, the average daily maximum temperature in Beledweyne, the capital of Hiraan, is {{convert|36.7|C|F}}. In December, the average daily maximum temperature is {{convert|21.9|C|F}}.
{{Weather box
| location = Beledweyne, Somalia
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 41.5
| Feb record high C = 42.5
| Mar record high C = 43.0
| Apr record high C = 43.0
| May record high C = 41.3
| Jun record high C = 39.0
| Jul record high C = 39.0
| Aug record high C = 39.0
| Sep record high C = 40.2
| Oct record high C = 45.0
| Nov record high C = 40.0
| Dec record high C = 42.0
| year record high C = 45.0
| Jan high C = 34.5
| Feb high C = 35.4
| Mar high C = 36.7
| Apr high C = 36.9
| May high C = 34.9
| Jun high C = 34.0
| Jul high C = 33.0
| Aug high C = 33.8
| Sep high C = 35.3
| Oct high C = 34.4
| Nov high C = 34.8
| Dec high C = 34.5
| year high C = 34.8
| Jan mean C = 28.2
| Feb mean C = 28.7
| Mar mean C = 30.0
| Apr mean C = 30.4
| May mean C = 29.2
| Jun mean C = 28.4
| Jul mean C = 27.8
| Aug mean C = 27.7
| Sep mean C = 29.0
| Oct mean C = 28.7
| Nov mean C = 28.5
| Dec mean C = 28.5
| year mean C = 28.7
| Jan low C = 22.0
| Feb low C = 22.0
| Mar low C = 23.4
| Apr low C = 23.9
| May low C = 23.4
| Jun low C = 22.8
| Jul low C = 22.6
| Aug low C = 21.6
| Sep low C = 22.7
| Oct low C = 22.6
| Nov low C = 22.3
| Dec low C = 22.3
| year low C = 22.6
| Jan record low C = 16.0
| Feb record low C = 16.5
| Mar record low C = 17.0
| Apr record low C = 16.0
| May record low C = 18.0
| Jun record low C = 17.0
| Jul record low C = 17.0
| Aug record low C = 16.3
| Sep record low C = 17.2
| Oct record low C = 17.0
| Nov record low C = 15.0
| Dec record low C = 15.0
| year record low C = 15.0
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 0
| Feb precipitation mm = 1
| Mar precipitation mm = 5
| Apr precipitation mm = 48
| May precipitation mm = 59
| Jun precipitation mm = 6
| Jul precipitation mm = 3
| Aug precipitation mm = 3
| Sep precipitation mm = 8
| Oct precipitation mm = 51
| Nov precipitation mm = 16
| Dec precipitation mm = 5
| year precipitation mm = 204
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 0
| Feb precipitation days = 0
| Mar precipitation days = 0
| Apr precipitation days = 5
| May precipitation days = 5
| Jun precipitation days = 0
| Jul precipitation days = 0
| Aug precipitation days = 0
| Sep precipitation days = 0
| Oct precipitation days = 4
| Nov precipitation days = 2
| Dec precipitation days = 0
| year precipitation days = 20
| Jan humidity = 58
| Feb humidity = 57
| Mar humidity = 57
| Apr humidity = 60
| May humidity = 64
| Jun humidity = 61
| Jul humidity = 65
| Aug humidity = 64
| Sep humidity = 59
| Oct humidity = 64
| Nov humidity = 63
| Dec humidity = 62
| year humidity = 61
| Jan sun = 288.3
| Feb sun = 276.9
| Mar sun = 288.3
| Apr sun = 243.0
| May sun = 272.8
| Jun sun = 249.0
| Jul sun = 201.5
| Aug sun = 232.5
| Sep sun = 246.0
| Oct sun = 223.2
| Nov sun = 243.0
| Dec sun = 269.7
| year sun =
| Jand sun = 9.3
| Febd sun = 9.8
| Mard sun = 9.3
| Aprd sun = 8.1
| Mayd sun = 8.8
| Jund sun = 8.3
| Juld sun = 6.5
| Augd sun = 7.5
| Sepd sun = 8.2
| Octd sun = 7.2
| Novd sun = 8.1
| Decd sun = 8.7
| yeard sun = 8.3
| Jan percentsun = 80
| Feb percentsun = 79
| Mar percentsun = 65
| Apr percentsun = 53
| May percentsun = 54
| Jun percentsun = 61
| Jul percentsun = 54
| Aug percentsun = 62
| Sep percentsun = 62
| Oct percentsun = 57
| Nov percentsun = 60
| Dec percentsun = 69
| year percentsun =
| source 1 = Deutscher Wetterdienst{{cite web
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632400_kt.pdf
| title = Klimatafel von Beled Weyne (Belet Uen) / Somalia
| work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| language = de
| access-date = 22 October 2016
| archive-date = 12 April 2020
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200412180530/https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632400_kt.pdf
| url-status = live
}}
| source 2 = Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (per cent sunshine){{cite web
| url = http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls
| title = Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia
| publisher = Food and Agriculture Organization
| access-date = 4 November 2016
| archive-date = 5 October 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005063105/http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls
| url-status = dead
}}
}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://allafrica.com/stories/201703020388.html Somalia: Hirshabelle Solves Dispute Between Top Leadership]
- [http://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/somalia-following-delays-hirshabelle-president-unveils-cabinet Somalia: Following delays Hirshabelle President unveils cabinet]
- [http://citizen.co.za/news/news-africa/1378193/amisom-launches-operation-antelope-hirshabelle-state-somalia/ Amisom launches Operation Antelope in HirShabelle state, Somalia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808033612/http://citizen.co.za/news/news-africa/1378193/amisom-launches-operation-antelope-hirshabelle-state-somalia/ |date=8 August 2020 }}
- [https://www.refworld.org.ru/pdfid/5baf873f4.pdf Отчет EASO — Информация о стране происхождения. Сомали. Ситуация в сфере безопасно]
- [https://www.refworld.org.ru/pdfid/5baf873f4.pdf сти]
{{States of Somalia}}
{{authority control}}