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Historical rankings of presidents of the United States#Notable scholar surveys

{{Short description|Rankings of the success of U.S presidents}}

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{{Use American English|date=July 2015}}

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File:Mount Rushmore detail view (100MP).jpg and President Calvin Coolidge selected George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln (L to R) to appear on Mount Rushmore—it later became an iconic symbol of presidential greatness, chosen to represent the nation's birth, growth, development and preservation, respectively.]]

In political studies, since the mid 20th-century, surveys have been conducted in order to construct historical rankings of the success of the presidents of the United States. Ranking systems are usually based on surveys of academic historians and political scientists, or popular opinion. The scholarly rankings focus on presidential achievements, leadership qualities, failures, and faults.{{cite journal|last=Maranell|first=Gary M.|title=The Evaluation of Presidents: An Extension of the Schlesinger Polls|journal=The Journal of American History|date=June 1970|volume=57|issue=1|pages=104–113|jstor=1900552|doi=10.2307/1900552|s2cid=154631219}}William J. Ridings Jr. and Stuart B. McIver. [https://books.google.com/books?id=DZkO7SIUSNQC Rating the Presidents: A Ranking of U.S. leaders, from the Great and Honorable to the Dishonest and Incompetent] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103113054/https://books.google.com/books/about/Rating_the_Presidents.html?id=DZkO7SIUSNQC |date=January 3, 2021 }}. 2000. {{ISBN|0806521511}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/146183/Americans-Say-Reagan-Greatest-President.aspx|title=Americans Say Reagan Is the Greatest U.S. President|last=Newport|date=February 18, 2011|publisher=Gallup|access-date=March 16, 2012|archive-date=March 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314210856/http://www.gallup.com/poll/146183/Americans-Say-Reagan-Greatest-President.aspx|url-status=live}} Among such scholarly rankings, Abraham Lincoln is most often ranked as the best, while his predecessor James Buchanan is most often ranked as the worst.

Popular-opinion polls typically focus on recent or well-known presidents.

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History

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| image1 = Abraham Lincoln O-77 matte collodion print.jpg

| caption1 = Lincoln

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| image2 = Cropped Portrait of FDR.jpg

| alt2 = Franklin D. Roosevelt

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| image3 = George Washington Portrait (3x4 cropped).jpg

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| image4 = Theodore Roosevelt by the Pach Bros (4x5 cropped).jpg

| alt4 = Theodore Roosevelt

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| footer = Abraham Lincoln is often regarded as the greatest president in American history for his leadership during the Civil War and the abolition of slavery. His main competitors are Franklin D. Roosevelt, for leading the country out of the Great Depression and during most of World War II; and Founding Father and first president George Washington, for holding the newly-formed nation together and setting several enduring and important precedents for the office of the president. Theodore Roosevelt has consistently ranked in fourth place for his conservation, antitrust and consumer protection efforts.

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| image1 = James Buchanan (cropped).jpg

| alt1 = James Buchanan

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| image2 = President Andrew Johnson.jpg

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| caption2 = A. Johnson

| image3 = TrumpPortrait.jpg

| alt3 = Donald Trump

| caption3 = Trump

| image4 = Warren G Harding-Harris & Ewing (3x4 cropped).jpg

| alt4 = Warren G. Harding

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| footer = Most surveys consider James Buchanan, Lincoln's predecessor, the worst president for his leadership during the lead-up to the Civil War. Many rank Lincoln's successor Andrew Johnson last for blocking civil rights for freed slaves and undermining Reconstruction. Donald Trump's first presidency has consistently polled among the bottom four and twice in last place due to breaking longstanding norms such as the peaceful transfer of power, an American precedent not broken since Washington first set it. The scandal-ridden presidency of Warren G. Harding also frequently lands in the bottom four.

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| footer = The first five presidents (Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe) were all Founding Fathers (also known as "framers") and have consistently been ranked in the top 20, with Washington usually in the top three and Jefferson in the top five.

| image2 = John Adams A18236.jpg

| alt2 = John Adams

| caption2 = J. Adams

| image3 = Thomas Jefferson by Rembrandt Peale, 1800.jpg

| alt3 = Thomas Jefferson

| caption3 = Jefferson

| image4 = James Madison.jpg

| alt4 = James Madison

| caption4 = Madison

| image5 = James Monroe White House portrait 1819.jpg

| alt5 = James Monroe

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| image1 = FDR-1944-Campaign-Portrait (cropped).jpg

| alt1 = Franklin D. Roosevelt

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| footer = Another presidential era considered exceptional by historians is the WWII and post-war era of the mid-20th century, with Franklin Roosevelt consistently ranking in the top three, Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower in the top ten, and John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson in the top 20.

| image2 = TRUMAN 58-766-06 (cropped).jpg

| alt2 = Harry Truman

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| image3 = Dwight D. Eisenhower, official photo portrait, May 29, 1959 (cropped)(3).jpg

| alt3 = Dwight D. Eisenhower

| caption3 = Eisenhower

| image4 = John F. Kennedy, White House color photo portrait (cropped 3x4) A.jpg

| alt4 = John F. Kennedy

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| image5 = 37 Lyndon Johnson 3x4.jpg

| alt5 = Lyndon B. Johnson

| caption5 = L. B. Johnson

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| image1 = Tyler Daguerreotype crop (restoration).jpg

| alt1 = John Tyler

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| image2 = Zachary Taylor restored and cropped (cropped).jpg

| alt2 = Zachary Taylor

| caption2 = Taylor

| footer = An era considered exceptionally poor by presidential historians is the mid-19th century and "sectional crisis" years leading up to the Civil War, with John Tyler, Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore typically in the bottom ten, Franklin Pierce in the bottom five, and Buchanan in the bottom two.

| image3 = Millard Fillmore by Brady Studio 1855-65-crop (3x4 cropp).jpg

| alt3 = Millard Fillmore

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| image4 = Mathew Brady - Franklin Pierce - alternate crop (cropped)(2).jpg

| alt4 = Franklin Pierce

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| image5 = James Buchanan - post presidency.jpg

| alt5 = James Buchanan

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| image1 = Official Portrait of President Reagan 1981.jpg

| alt1 = Ronald Reagan

| caption1 = Reagan

| footer = During the late-20th century and early 21st, modern-day presidents Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, Barack Obama, and Joe Biden have all landed in the top 20 of rankings, with Reagan and Obama often in the top ten.

| image2 = George H. W. Bush presidential portrait (cropped).jpg

| alt2 = George H. W. Bush

| caption2 = H. W. Bush

| image3 = Bill Clinton.jpg

| alt3 = Bill Clinton

| caption3 = Clinton

| image4 = President Barack Obama (cropped) 4.jpg

| alt4 = Barack Obama

| caption4 = Obama

| image5 = Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped 2).jpg

| alt5 = Joe Biden

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= 20th century =

A 1948 poll was conducted by historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr. of Harvard University. A 1962 survey was also conducted by Schlesinger, who surveyed 75 historians.Schlesinger, Arthur M. "Our Presidents: A Rating by 75 Historians". The New York Times. July 1962. pp. 12–13, 40–41, 43. Schlesinger's son, Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., conducted another poll in 1996.{{cite web|title=Rating the Presidents: Washington to Clinton|website=PBS|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/choice2004/leadership/schlesinger.html#chart|access-date=March 25, 2010|archive-date=April 13, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413234454/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/choice2004/leadership/schlesinger.html#chart|url-status=live}}{{Cite journal |last=Schlesinger |first=Arthur M. |date=1997-06-01 |title=Rating the Presidents: Washington to Clinton |url=https://academic.oup.com/psq/article/112/2/179/7043592 |journal=Political Science Quarterly |language=en |volume=112 |issue=2 |pages=179–190 |doi=10.2307/2657937 |jstor=2657937 |issn=0032-3195}}

The Chicago Tribune surveyed 49 historians in 1982.{{Cite book |last=DeGregorio |first=William A. |url=https://archive.org/details/completebookofus0000degr_v9s0/page/704/mode/1up?view=theater |title=The complete book of U. S. presidents |date=1991 |publisher=Barricade |isbn=978-0-942637-37-3 |edition=3rd |location=New York |pages=704}}

The Siena College Research Institute began conducting surveys in 1982 and continued in 1990, 1994, 2002, 2010, 2018 and 2022 – during the second year of the first term of each president since Ronald Reagan.{{Cite web |title=About the Presidents Study |url=https://scri.siena.edu/us-presidents-study/about-the-presidents-study/ |website=Siena College Research Institute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924150628/https://scri.siena.edu/us-presidents-study/about-the-presidents-study/ |archive-date=September 24, 2019 |access-date=September 24, 2019}} These surveys collect presidential rankings from historians, political scientists, and presidential scholars in a range of attributes, abilities, and accomplishments. The 1994 survey placed only two presidents, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln, above 80 points and two presidents, Andrew Johnson and Warren G. Harding, below 50 points.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060628235418/http://www.siena.edu/sri/results/95%20Presidency%20Survey.htm "Historians Give Good Grades to Clinton Presidency in Siena College Survey"]. January 11, 1995. Archived June 28, 2006.[https://web.archive.org/web/20070210095846/http://www.siena.edu/sri/results/2002/02AugPresidentsSurvey.htm "FDR America's Greatest President"]. August 19, 2002. Archived February 10, 2007.

In 1996, William J. Ridings Jr. and Stuart B. McIver conducted and published a poll and in 1997, an accompanying book on the poll results.{{Cite book |last1=Ridings |first1=William J. |url=https://archive.org/details/ratingpresidents0000ridi/page/n7/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Rating the presidents: a ranking US leaders, from the great and honorable to the dishonest and incompetent |last2=MacIver |first2=Stuart B. |date=1997 |publisher=Carol Publ. Group |isbn=978-0-8065-1799-5 |series=A Citadel Press book |location=Secaucus, NY}} 719 people took part in the poll, primarily academic historians and political scientists, although some politicians and celebrities also took part. Participants from every state were included and emphasis was placed upon getting input from female historians and "specialists in African American studies" as well as a few non-American historians. Poll respondents rated the presidents in five categories (leadership qualities, accomplishments, crisis management, political skill, appointments, and character and integrity) and the results were tabulated to create the overall ranking.{{Primary source inline|date=February 2024|reason=Unclear this book is sufficiently notable without secondary sources that discuss it at length}}

= 2000–2017 =

A 2005 presidential poll was conducted by James Lindgren for the Federalist Society and The Wall Street Journal.{{cite web |last=Taranto |first=James |author-link=James Taranto |date=September 12, 2005 |title=Opinion: Presidential Leadership; The Rankings |url=http://www.opinionjournal.com/extra/?id=110007243 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060207050558/http://www.opinionjournal.com/extra/?id=110007243 |archive-date=February 7, 2006 |work=OpinionJournal from The Wall Street Journal}}{{Cite book |title=Presidential leadership: rating the best and the worst in the White House |date=2004 |publisher=Free Press |isbn=978-0-7432-5433-5 |editor-last=Taranto |editor-first=James |series=A Wall Street journal book |location=New York |editor-last2=Leo |editor-first2=Leonard}} As in the 2000 survey, the editors sought to balance the opinions of liberals and conservatives, adjusting the results "to give Democratic- and Republican-leaning scholars equal weight". Franklin D. Roosevelt still ranked in the top three, but editor James Taranto noted that Democratic-leaning scholars rated George W. Bush the sixth-worst president of all time while Republican scholars rated him the sixth-best, giving him a split-decision rating of "average".

In 2008, The Times daily newspaper of London asked eight of its own "top international and political commentators" to rank all 42 presidents "in order of greatness".{{cite news|title=Who's the greatest? The Times US presidential rankings|first1=Jeremy|last1=Griffin|first2=Nico|last2=Hines|work=The Times|date=October 28, 2008|access-date=March 24, 2010|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/whos-the-greatest-the-times-us-presidential-rankings-g6qv750mq3r|location=London|archive-date=December 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202042621/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/whos-the-greatest-the-times-us-presidential-rankings-g6qv750mq3r|url-status=live}}

The C-SPAN Survey of Presidential Leadership consists of rankings from a group of presidential historians and biographers. The C-SPAN Survey of Presidential Leadership has taken place four times: in 2000, 2009, 2017, and 2021.[http://static.c-span.org/files/pressCenter/C-SPANpresidentialsurveyPR021509.pdf "C-SPAN Releases Second Historians Survey of Presidential Leadership"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217163154/http://static.c-span.org/files/pressCenter/C-SPANpresidentialsurveyPR021509.pdf |date=February 17, 2017 }}. C-SPAN. February 15, 2009.[https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2017/ "Presidential Historians Survey 2017"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217185449/https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2017/ |date=February 17, 2017 }}. C-SPAN. February 17, 2017.[https://static.c-span.org/assets/documents/presidentSurvey/C-SPAN%20Historians%20Survey%20of%20President%20Leadership%20Feb%2017%202017%20press%20release%20PDF.pdf "C-SPAN Releases Third Historians Survey of Presidential Leadership"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113085848/https://static.c-span.org/assets/documents/presidentSurvey/C-SPAN%20Historians%20Survey%20of%20President%20Leadership%20Feb%2017%202017%20press%20release%20PDF.pdf |date=November 13, 2017 }}. C-SPAN. February 17, 2017.[https://static.c-span.org/assets/documents/presidentSurvey/2021+Press+Release.pdf "C-SPAN releases fourth Historians Survey of Presidential Leadership"]. C-SPAN. June 30, 2021. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701030529/https://static.c-span.org/assets/documents/presidentSurvey/2021+Press+Release.pdf |date=July 1, 2021 }}. The 2021 survey was of 142 presidential historians, surveyed by C-SPAN's Academic Advisor Team, made up of Douglas G. Brinkley, Edna Greene Medford, Richard Norton Smith, and Amity Shlaes. In the survey, each historian rates each president on a scale of one ("not effective") to 10 ("very effective") on presidential leadership in ten categories: Public Persuasion, Crisis Leadership, Economic Management, Moral Authority, International Relations, Administrative Skills, Relations with Congress, Vision/Setting An Agenda, Pursued Equal Justice for All and Performance Within the Context of His Times—with each category equally weighed.[https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/?page=methodology "Methodology: Presidential Historians Survey 2021"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702182143/https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/?page=methodology |date=July 2, 2021 }}. C-SPAN. June 30, 2021. The results of all four C-SPAN surveys have been fairly consistent. Abraham Lincoln has taken the highest ranking in each survey and George Washington, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Theodore Roosevelt have always ranked in the top five while James Buchanan, Andrew Johnson, and Franklin Pierce have been ranked at the bottom of all four surveys.{{Update inline|date=February 2024|reason=2017 source describing 2021 results}}

The 2011 survey, the first poll asking UK academics to rate American presidents, was conducted by the United States Presidency Centre (USPC) at the Institute for the Study of the Americas (located in the University of London's School of Advanced Study). This polled the opinion of British specialists in American history and politics to assess presidential performance. They also gave an interim assessment of Barack Obama, but his then-unfinished presidency was not included in the survey. (Had he been included, he would have attained eighth place overall.)Iwan Morgan. [http://www.community-languages.org.uk/US-presidency-survey/pdf/analysis.pdf "UK Survey of US Presidents: Results and Analysis"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218132905/http://www.community-languages.org.uk/US-presidency-survey/pdf/analysis.pdf|date=February 18, 2015}}. Institute for the Study of the Americas. Retrieved October 10, 2013.

In 2012, Newsweek asked a panel of historians to rank the ten best presidents since 1900. The results showed that historians had ranked Franklin D. Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt, Lyndon B. Johnson, Woodrow Wilson, Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Bill Clinton, Ronald Reagan, and Barack Obama as the best since that year.{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/galleries/2012/09/24/from-franklin-delano-roosevelt-to-john-f-kennedy-newsweek-s-10-best-presidents-photos.html|title=From Franklin Delano Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, Newsweek's 10 Best Presidents (Photos)|work=The Daily Beast|date=September 24, 2012|access-date=April 13, 2014|archive-date=April 24, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424210738/http://www.thedailybeast.com/galleries/2012/09/24/from-franklin-delano-roosevelt-to-john-f-kennedy-newsweek-s-10-best-presidents-photos.html|url-status=live}}

A 2015 poll administered by the American Political Science Association (APSA) among political scientists specializing in the American presidency had Abraham Lincoln in the top spot, with George Washington, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt, Thomas Jefferson, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Bill Clinton, Andrew Jackson, and Woodrow Wilson making the top 10.{{cite web|url=http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/fixgov/posts/2015/02/13-obama-measuring-presidential-greatness-vaughn-rottinghaus|title=Measuring Obama against the great presidents|first=Brandon|last=Rottinghaus|date=February 13, 2015|publisher=The Brookings Institution|access-date=April 6, 2015|archive-date=January 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106025720/http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/fixgov/posts/2015/02/13-obama-measuring-presidential-greatness-vaughn-rottinghaus|url-status=live}}

A 2016 survey of 71 British specialists by the Presidential History Network produced similar results to the 2011 USPC survey, with Barack Obama placed in the first quartile.{{cite web |url= https://presidentialhistorynetwork.wordpress.com/survey/overall-results/ |title= UK Survey of US Presidents: Overall Ranking & Total Scores |author= Presidential History Network |date= 2016 |access-date= July 23, 2021 |archive-date= July 23, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210723155339/https://presidentialhistorynetwork.wordpress.com/survey/overall-results/ |url-status= live }}{{cite web |url= https://presidentialhistorynetwork.files.wordpress.com/2017/01/full-data-by-president.pdf |title= UK Survey of US Presidents: Full dataset |publisher= Presidential History Network |date= 2016 |access-date= July 23, 2021 |archive-date= June 30, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210630144408/https://presidentialhistorynetwork.files.wordpress.com/2017/01/full-data-by-president.pdf |url-status= live }}

= 2018–present =

A second Presidential Greatness Project Expert Survey was sent to members of the Presidents and Executive Politics section of the APSA in 2018. It ranked Donald Trump for the first time, putting him in the last position.{{cite news |last1=Rottinghaus |first1=Brandon |last2=Vaughn |first2=Justin S. |date=February 19, 2018 |title=Opinion: How Does Trump Stack Up Against the Best—and Worst—Presidents? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/19/opinion/how-does-trump-stack-up-against-the-best-and-worst-presidents.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305092423/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/19/opinion/how-does-trump-stack-up-against-the-best-and-worst-presidents.html |archive-date=March 5, 2018 |access-date=February 19, 2018 |work=The New York Times}} In the 2024 edition, Trump scored 10.92 out of 100, easily the worst, while self-identified Republican historians rated Trump in the bottom five.{{Cite news |last=Chappell |first=Bill |date=February 19, 2024 |title=In historians' Presidents Day survey, Biden vs. Trump is not a close call |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1232447088/historians-presidents-survey-trump-last-biden-14th |work=NPR}} The study organizers noted a drop in recent Republican presidents' scores by speculating that respondents valued presidents that respected political and institutional norms.{{Cite news |last=Pengelly |first=Martin |date=2024-02-20 |title=Trump ranked as worst US president in history, with Biden 14th greatest |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/feb/20/presidents-ranking-trump-biden-list |access-date=2024-02-23 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}{{Cite web |last1=Vaughn |first1=Justin |last2=Rottinghaus |first2=Brandon |date=2024-02-18 |title=Opinion: We know how voters feel about Trump and Biden. But how do the experts rank their presidencies? |url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2024-02-18/trump-biden-presidents-day-ranking-poll-election-2024 |access-date=2024-02-23 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}} The first version of this poll was conducted in 2015.{{Cite web |last=Benson |first=Samuel |date=February 19, 2024|title=Presidential rankings by academics place Obama, Biden above Reagan, Trump |url=https://www.deseret.com/u-s-world/2024/2/18/24075337/the-greatest-u-s-president-rankings |access-date=2024-02-20 |website=Deseret News |language=en}}

The 2018 Siena poll of 157 presidential scholars reported George Washington, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, and Thomas Jefferson as the top five US presidents, with SCRI director Don Levy stating, "The top five, Mount Rushmore plus FDR, is carved in granite with presidential historians".{{Cite web |date=February 13, 2019 |title=Siena's 6th Presidential Expert Poll 1982–2018 |url=https://scri.siena.edu/2019/02/13/sienas-6th-presidential-expert-poll-1982-2018/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719163759/https://scri.siena.edu/2019/02/13/sienas-6th-presidential-expert-poll-1982-2018/ |archive-date=July 19, 2019 |access-date=September 24, 2019 |website=Siena College Research Institute}} Donald Trump—entering the SCRI survey for the first time—joined Andrew Johnson and James Buchanan among the bottom three US presidents. George W. Bush, whom presidential scholars had rated fifth lowest in the previous 2010 survey, improved in position to 12th lowest. The 2022 Siena poll had Franklin Roosevelt first, Lincoln second, and Washington third, with the bottom three as Trump, Buchanan, and Johnson.

The 2021 C-SPAN poll showed a continued recent rehabilitation of Ulysses Grant, showed George W. Bush improving, Obama remaining high, and Trump with the fourth lowest ranking.

Scholar survey summary

Within each column

:{{bg|#77aadd|{{nbsp}}Blue{{nbsp}}}} backgrounds indicate rankings in the first quartile.

:{{bg|#44bb99|{{nbsp}}Green{{nbsp}}}} backgrounds indicate rankings in the second quartile.

:{{bg|#99cc00|{{nbsp}}Yellow-green{{nbsp}}}} backgrounds indicate the median ranking of an odd number of presidents.{{efn|name="quartiles"|Quartiles were determined by splitting the data into an upper and lower half and then splitting these halves each into two quartiles. When splitting an odd total number of rankings, the median is given an intermediate color.}}

:{{bg|#eedd88|{{nbsp}}Yellow{{nbsp}}}} backgrounds indicate rankings in the third quartile.

:{{bg|#ee8866|{{nbsp}}Orange{{nbsp}}}} backgrounds indicate rankings in the fourth quartile.

:{{underline|Underline}} within a column indicates a given survey's lowest-ranking president{{^| (or presidents, in the event of a tie for last place)}}.

At leftmost column head, click "triangles" to view the in-office order of each president.

At each survey column head, click on "triangles" to view the ranking order for each president in that survey.

Scroll in the center of the table. The headers will remain in view. To instead display the whole table at once, click "[disable]" at top left.

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{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders sticky-table-row1 sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:right;"
scope="col" | {{abbr|Term|sequential order}}
{{efn|name=OneMissing|Grover Cleveland and Donald Trump were elected to two non-consecutive terms, serving as both the 22nd and 24th president of the United States and as both the 45th and 47th president of the United States respectively.}}{{efn|name=TwoMinor|William Henry Harrison and James Garfield are sometimes omitted from rankings of the presidents because of the brevity of their terms in office. In addition to Grover Cleveland{{^| and Donald Trump}}'s two presidential numbers, this contributes to the number of ranks assigned by some sources being less than the presidential complement of the era.}}

! scope="col" | President

! scope="col" | Political party

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=APSA 2024{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/19/opinion/how-does-trump-stack-up-against-the-best-and-worst-presidents.html|title= How Does Trump Stack Up Against the Best — and Worst — Presidents?|last1= Carter|first1=Brandon|last2=Vaughn|first2=Justin|date= February 19, 2024|website=The New York Times|access-date=July 25, 2024}}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Siena 2022{{cite web |title=Siena College Research Institute: 2022 Survey of U.S. Presidents: Presidents Rank Over Time |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PDF-Ranking-FINAL-REAL.pdf |access-date=June 23, 2022 |archive-date=July 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707003510/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PDF-Ranking-FINAL-REAL.pdf |url-status=live}}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=C-SPAN 2021{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/|title=Presidential Historians Survey 2021|publisher=C-SPAN|access-date=June 30, 2021|archive-date=July 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703102349/https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/|url-status=live}}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Siena 2018{{cite web|title=Presidents 2018 Rank by Category|url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Presidents-2018-Rank-by-Category.pdf|access-date=February 19, 2019|archive-date=August 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809000907/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Presidents-2018-Rank-by-Category.pdf|url-status=live}}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=APSA 2018}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=C-SPAN 2017{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2017/?page=overall|title=Total Scores/Overall Rankings|work=Presidential Historians Survey 2017|publisher=C-SPAN|access-date=February 17, 2017|archive-date=March 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301043807/https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2017/?page=overall|url-status=live}}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=PHN 2016}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=APSA 2015}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=USPC 2011United States Presidency Centre, [http://www.community-languages.org.uk/US-presidency-survey/overall.htm UK Survey of US Presidents: Results: Total Scores and Overall Ranking ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929182649/http://www.community-languages.org.uk/US-presidency-survey/overall.htm |date=September 29, 2021 }}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Siena 2010[http://www.siena.edu/uploadedfiles/home/parents_and_community/community_page/sri/independent_research/Presidents%20Release_2010_final.pdf "Rushmore Plus One; FDR joins Mountainside Figures Washington, Jefferson, Teddy Roosevelt and Lincoln as Top Presidents"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707011431/http://www2.siena.edu/uploadedfiles/home/parents_and_community/community_page/sri/independent_research/Presidents%20Release_2010_final.pdf|date=July 7, 2015}}. Siena Research Institute. July 1, 2010.{{cite news|url=http://buffalo.bizjournals.com/buffalo/blog/the_score/2010/07/clean_sweep_for_the_roosevelts.html|title=Clean sweep for the Roosevelts|publisher=Business First of Buffalo|date=July 1, 2010|access-date=September 1, 2010|first=G. Scott|last=Thomas|archive-date=July 4, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704100106/http://buffalo.bizjournals.com/buffalo/blog/the_score/2010/07/clean_sweep_for_the_roosevelts.html|url-status=live}}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=C-SPAN 2009{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/02/16/presidential.survey/|title=Lincoln Wins: Honest Abe tops new presidential survey|publisher=CNN|date=February 16, 2009|access-date=October 30, 2010|archive-date=April 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210404080715/http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/02/16/presidential.survey/|url-status=live}}}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Times 2008{{cite journal |title = The Greatest US Presidents: The Times US presidential rankings |author = Nico Hines |journal = The Times |date = October 31, 2008 |url = https://www.thetimes.com/comment/register/article/the-greatest-us-presidents-the-times-us-presidential-rankings-s2h6cg5bpt2 |access-date = August 10, 2021 |archive-date = August 10, 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210810053339/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-greatest-us-presidents-the-times-us-presidential-rankings-s2h6cg5bpt2 |url-status = live }}
Print version of top 14: Ben MacIntyre (1 November 2008) "The big question: who is the greatest president of all time?" The Times. London. p. 42.}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=WSJ 2005}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Siena 2002}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=WSJ 2000}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=C-SPAN 2000}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Schl. 1996}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=R-McI 1996[https://books.google.com/books?id=DZkO7SIUSNQC Rating the Presidents: A Ranking of U.S. leaders, from the Great and Honorable to the Dishonest and Incompetent] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103113054/https://books.google.com/books/about/Rating_the_Presidents.html?id=DZkO7SIUSNQC |date=January 3, 2021 }}. 2000. {{ISBN|0806521511}}.}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Siena 1994}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Siena 1990}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Siena 1982}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=CT 1982}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=M-B 1982}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Schl. 1962}}

! scope="col" {{vert header|1=Schl. 1948}}

data-sort-value="1" |1

! scope="row" | {{sortname|George|Washington}}

| {{Party shading/Independent (US)}} |Independent

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |4

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2 {{small|(tie)}}style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

data-sort-value="2" |2

! scope="row" | {{sortname|John|Adams}}

| {{Party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

| style="background:#44bb99;" |16

style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#44bb99;" |19

| style="background:#77aadd;" |10

style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |17

| style="background:#44bb99;" |17

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |10

| style="background:#44bb99;" |9

data-sort-value="3" |3

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Thomas|Jefferson}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

data-sort-value="4" |4

! scope="row" | {{sortname|James|Madison}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" |11

| style="background:#77aadd;" |10

style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#44bb99;" |17

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |6

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

| style="background:#44bb99;" |17

style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

data-sort-value="5" |5

! scope="row" | {{sortname|James|Monroe}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |8

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#44bb99;" |21

| style="background:#44bb99;" |16

style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#eedd88;" |18

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

data-sort-value="6" |6

! scope="row" | {{sortname|John Quincy|Adams}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

| style="background:#44bb99;" |17

style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |18

| style="background:#eedd88;" |23

| style="background:#44bb99;" |21

| style="background:#44bb99;" |17

style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |19

| style="background:#44bb99;" |19

| style="background:#44bb99;" |16

| style="background:#eedd88;" |25

style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#99CC00;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |13

| style="background:#44bb99;" |11

data-sort-value="7" |7

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Andrew|Jackson}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" |21

| style="background:#99CC00;" |23

style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |19

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

| style="background:#44bb99;" |16

style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#77aadd;" |10

style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |6

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

data-sort-value="8" |8

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Martin|Van Buren}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" |28

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29

style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |25

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

| style="background:#ee8866;" |34

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |23

| style="background:#eedd88;" |31

| style="background:#ee8866;" |40

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |21style="background:#99CC00;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |17

| style="background:#99CC00;" |15

data-sort-value="9" |9{{efn|name=TwoMinor}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|William Henry|Harrison}}

| {{Party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" |41

| style="background:#ee8866;" |40

style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |39

| style="background:#ee8866;" |42

| style="background:#ee8866;" |38

| {{hs|99}} –

style="background:#ee8866;" |39{{hs|99}} –style="background:#ee8866;" |35

| style="background:#ee8866;" |39

| style="background:#ee8866;" |39

| {{hs|99}} –

style="background:#ee8866;" |36{{hs|99}} –style="background:#ee8866;" |37{{hs|99}} –style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |26{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="10" |10

! scope="row" | {{sortname|John|Tyler}}

| {{Party shading/Independent (US)}} |Independent{{efn|name=TylerParty|Tyler was elected on the Whig ticket as Harrison's vice president, but became an independent after the Whigs expelled him from the party in 1841.}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37

| style="background:#ee8866;" |39

style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |37

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37

| style="background:#ee8866;" |39

| style="background:#ee8866;" |36

style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37

| style="background:#ee8866;" |35

| style="background:#eedd88;" |31

| style="background:#ee8866;" |35

style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |25

| style="background:#eedd88;" |22

data-sort-value="11" |11

! scope="row" | {{sortname|James K.|Polk}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" |25

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#eedd88;" |22

style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#77aadd;" |9

| style="background:#77aadd;" |9

style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |8 {{small|(tie)}}

| style="background:#44bb99;" |10

data-sort-value="12" |12

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Zachary|Taylor}}

| {{Party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" |38

| style="background:#ee8866;" |36

style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |30

| style="background:#ee8866;" |35

| style="background:#eedd88;" |31

| style="background:#ee8866;" |33

style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |33

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29

| style="background:#eedd88;" |28

| style="background:#ee8866;" |33

style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |24

| style="background:#ee8866;" |25

data-sort-value="13" |13

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Millard|Fillmore}}

| {{Party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" |39

| style="background:#ee8866;" |38

style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |38

| style="background:#ee8866;" |38

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37

| style="background:#ee8866;" |39

style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |38

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37

| style="background:#ee8866;" |33

| style="background:#ee8866;" |36

style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |26

| style="background:#ee8866;" |24

data-sort-value="14" |14

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Franklin|Pierce}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" |42

| style="background:#ee8866;" |41

style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |40

| style="background:#ee8866;" |41

| style="background:#ee8866;" |41

| style="background:#ee8866;" |40

style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |40

| style="background:#ee8866;" |40

| style="background:#ee8866;" |41

| style="background:#ee8866;" |38

style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |37 {{small|(tie)}}style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |33 {{small|(tie)}}style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |28

| style="background:#ee8866;" |27

data-sort-value="15" |15

! scope="row" | {{sortname|James|Buchanan}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" |44

| style="background:#ee8866;" |44

style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|44}}style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|43}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|41}}

style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|43}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|40}}style="background:#ee8866;" |42

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|42}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|42}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|40}}

style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|39}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|41}}style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |29

| style="background:#ee8866;" |26

data-sort-value="16" |16

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Abraham|Lincoln}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

data-sort-value="17" |17

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Andrew|Johnson}}

| {{Party shading/National Union}} |National Union{{efn|name=JohnsonParty|When he ran for reelection in 1864, Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan electoral alliance with War Democrats by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate, and running on the National Union Party ticket. Not until 1868, long after the National Union Party had disbanded, did Johnson rejoin the Democratic Party.}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |43

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|45}}

style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|44}}style="background:#ee8866;" |40

| style="background:#ee8866;" |42

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37

style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|43}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |41

| style="background:#eedd88;" |24

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37

style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|42}}style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |23

| style="background:#eedd88;" |19

data-sort-value="18" |18

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Ulysses S.|Grant}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" |17

| style="background:#44bb99;" |21

style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |21

| style="background:#99CC00;" |22

| style="background:#eedd88;" |23

style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |26

| style="background:#eedd88;" |23

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29

style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |33 {{small|(tie)}}style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |30

| style="background:#ee8866;" |28

data-sort-value="19" |19

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Rutherford B.|Hayes}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29

| style="background:#eedd88;" |31

style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |29

| style="background:#eedd88;" |32

| style="background:#ee8866;" |32

style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |31

| style="background:#ee8866;" |33

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

| style="background:#eedd88;" |24

style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

data-sort-value="20" |20{{efn|name=TwoMinor}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|James A.|Garfield}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |30

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |34

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29

| {{hs|99}} –

style="background:#eedd88;" |31{{hs|99}} –style="background:#eedd88;" |27

| style="background:#eedd88;" |28

| style="background:#ee8866;" |34 {{small|(tie)}}

| {{hs|99}} –

style="background:#ee8866;" |33{{hs|99}} –style="background:#eedd88;" |29{{hs|99}} –style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |25{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="21" |21

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Chester A.|Arthur}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |33

| style="background:#eedd88;" |33

style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |31

| style="background:#ee8866;" |35

| style="background:#ee8866;" |35

style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |25

| style="background:#eedd88;" |32

| style="background:#eedd88;" |22

| style="background:#eedd88;" |26

style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |21 {{small|(tie)}}

| style="background:#eedd88;" |17

data-sort-value="22/24" |22/24{{efn|name=OneMissing}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Grover|Cleveland}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" |26

| style="background:#eedd88;" |26

style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |24

| style="background:#eedd88;" |23

| style="background:#eedd88;" |24

style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |20

| style="background:#44bb99;" |21

| style="background:#44bb99;" |19

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |11

| style="background:#44bb99;" |8

data-sort-value="23" |23

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Benjamin|Harrison}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |31

| style="background:#eedd88;" |34

style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |32

| style="background:#eedd88;" |30

| style="background:#eedd88;" |30

style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |34

| style="background:#eedd88;" |30

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29 {{small|(tie)}}

| style="background:#eedd88;" |30

style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |20

| style="background:#eedd88;" |21

data-sort-value="25" |25

! scope="row" | {{sortname|William|McKinley}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |24

| style="background:#44bb99;" |22

style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |19

| style="background:#44bb99;" |16

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |21

| style="background:#44bb99;" |16

| style="background:#44bb99;" |17

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |15

| style="background:#eedd88;" |18

data-sort-value="26" |26

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Theodore|Roosevelt}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |2

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

data-sort-value="27" |27

! scope="row" | {{sortname|William Howard|Taft}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#99CC00;" |23

| style="background:#eedd88;" |25

style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |22

| style="background:#eedd88;" |24

| style="background:#eedd88;" |25

style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |24

| style="background:#eedd88;" |24

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29 {{small|(tie)}}

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99CC00;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99CC00;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |19style="background:#99CC00;" |16

| style="background:#eedd88;" |16

data-sort-value="28" |28

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Woodrow|Wilson}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |11

| style="background:#77aadd;" |11

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |8

| style="background:#77aadd;" |9

| style="background:#77aadd;" |10

| style="background:#44bb99;" |11

style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |4

| style="background:#77aadd;" |4

data-sort-value="29" |29

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Warren G.|Harding}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" |40

| style="background:#ee8866;" |42

style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |39

| style="background:#ee8866;" |40

| style="background:#ee8866;" |38

style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |41

| style="background:#ee8866;" |38

| style="background:#ee8866;" |34 {{small|(tie)}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |39

style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |37 {{small|(tie)}}style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|39}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|41}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|41}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|40}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|39}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|36}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|36}}style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|31}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|29}}

data-sort-value="30" |30

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Calvin|Coolidge}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |34

| style="background:#eedd88;" |32

style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |28

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

| style="background:#eedd88;" |31

style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |29

| style="background:#eedd88;" |26

| style="background:#eedd88;" |26

| style="background:#eedd88;" |23

style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |27

| style="background:#ee8866;" |23

data-sort-value="31" |31

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Herbert|Hoover}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" |36

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37

style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |36

| style="background:#ee8866;" |36

| style="background:#eedd88;" |29

style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |36

| style="background:#ee8866;" |34

| style="background:#ee8866;" |36

| style="background:#ee8866;" |31

style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |33 {{small|(tie)}}style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |19

| style="background:#eedd88;" |20

data-sort-value="32" |32

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Franklin D.|Roosevelt}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" |2

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

| style="background:#77aadd;" |1

style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2 {{small|(tie)}}style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3

| style="background:#77aadd;" |3

data-sort-value="33" |33

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Harry S.|Truman}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |6

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

| style="background:#77aadd;" |8

style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |9

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |8 {{small|(tie)}}

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="34" |34

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Dwight D.|Eisenhower}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" |8

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#77aadd;" |5

| style="background:#77aadd;" |9

style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10

| style="background:#77aadd;" |8

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

| style="background:#77aadd;" |8

style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |21 {{small|(tie)}}

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="35" |35

! scope="row" | {{sortname|John F.|Kennedy}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" |10

| style="background:#77aadd;" |9

style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |16

| style="background:#77aadd;" |8

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |11

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

| style="background:#77aadd;" |11

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |13{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="36" |36

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Lyndon B.|Johnson}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" |9

| style="background:#77aadd;" |8

style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |10

| style="background:#77aadd;" |10

| style="background:#44bb99;" |11

style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" |16

| style="background:#77aadd;" |11

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |10{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="37" |37

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Richard|Nixon}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" |35

| style="background:#eedd88;" |28

style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |33

| style="background:#eedd88;" |28

| style="background:#eedd88;" |26

style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |30

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37 {{small|(tie)}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |32

style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |34{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="38" |38

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Gerald|Ford}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |27

| style="background:#eedd88;" |30

style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |25

| style="background:#eedd88;" |25

| style="background:#eedd88;" |28

style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |28

| style="background:#eedd88;" |22

| style="background:#eedd88;" |25

| style="background:#eedd88;" |28

style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |24{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="39" |39

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Jimmy|Carter}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" |22

| style="background:#eedd88;" |24

style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |26

| style="background:#eedd88;" |26

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |32

| style="background:#eedd88;" |25

| style="background:#eedd88;" |32

| style="background:#ee8866;" |34

style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |25{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="40" |40{{efn|name=italic-preemie|Italics within row indicate rank awarded before president had completed term in office.}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Ronald|Reagan}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" |16

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |9

| style="background:#77aadd;" |9

| style="background:#44bb99;" |13

style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |18

| style="background:#77aadd;" |10

| style="background:#77aadd;" |8

| style="background:#77aadd;" |6

style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |16{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="41" |41{{efn|name=italic-preemie}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|George H. W.|Bush}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" |19

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |17

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

| style="background:#99CC00;" |21

style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#99CC00;" |22

| style="background:#44bb99;" |18

| style="background:#44bb99;" |20

| style="background:#eedd88;" |21

style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |18{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="42" |42{{efn|name=italic-preemie}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Bill|Clinton}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

| style="background:#44bb99;" |19

style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |13

| style="background:#44bb99;" |15

| style="background:#eedd88;" |23

| style="background:#eedd88;" |22

style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#99CC00;" |21style="background:#99CC00;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |16{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="43" |43{{efn|name=italic-preemie}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|George W.|Bush}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" |32

| style="background:#ee8866;" |35

style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |30

| style="background:#ee8866;" |33

| style="background:#ee8866;" |34

style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" |39

| style="background:#ee8866;" |36

| style="background:#ee8866;" |37 {{small|(tie)}}

| style="background:#44bb99;" |19

style="background:#eedd88;" |23{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="44" |44{{efn|name=italic-preemie}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Barack|Obama}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

| style="background:#77aadd;" |11

style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |8

| style="background:#44bb99;" |12

| style="background:#77aadd;" |7

style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |{{hs|07.5}}(8){{efn|Obama would place 8th based on provisional scores of the USPC 2011 survey, but was not given a ranking in the final results as he had not yet completed his term when the survey was conducted.}}style="background:#44bb99;" |15

| {{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="45/47" |45/47{{efn|name=OneMissing}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Donald|Trump}}

| {{Party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|45}}

| style="background:#ee8866;" |43

style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |{{underline|44}}

| {{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

data-sort-value="46" |46{{efn|name=italic-preemie}}

! scope="row" | {{sortname|Joe|Biden}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" |14

| style="background:#44bb99;" |19

{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –{{hs|99}} –

| {{hs|99}} –

class="sortbottom" style="background:#eaecf0;"

| colspan="3" | Total surveyed{{efn|name=OneMissing}}{{efn|name=TwoMinor}}

4545444444

| 43

| 41

4340434242

| 40

4239413941414039363631

| 29

{{Sticky table end}}

Notable scholar surveys

{{Primary sources section

| date = March 2024

}}

= 1982 Murray–Blessing =

The Murray–Blessing 1982 survey asked historians whether they were liberal or conservative on domestic, social, and economic issues.Murray and Blessing. p. 135. The table below shows that the two groups had only small differences in ranking the best and worst presidents. Both groups agreed on the composition of nine of the top ten presidents (and were split over the inclusion of either Lyndon B. Johnson or Dwight D. Eisenhower) and six of the worst seven (split over Jimmy Carter or Calvin Coolidge).

class="wikitable"

|+ Rankings by liberals and conservatives

scope="col" |Rank

! scope="col" |Liberals (n = 190)

! scope="col" |Conservatives (n = 50)

scope="row" |1

|Abraham Lincoln

|Abraham Lincoln

scope="row" |2

|Franklin D. Roosevelt

|George Washington

scope="row" |3

|George Washington

|Franklin D. Roosevelt

scope="row" |4

|Thomas Jefferson

|Thomas Jefferson

scope="row" |5

|Theodore Roosevelt

|Theodore Roosevelt

scope="row" |6

|Woodrow Wilson

|Andrew Jackson

scope="row" |7

|Andrew Jackson

|Harry S. Truman

scope="row" |8

|Harry S. Truman

|Woodrow Wilson

scope="row" |9

|Lyndon B. Johnson

|Dwight D. Eisenhower

scope="row" |10

|John Adams

|John Adams

style="border-top:3px double #a2a9b1;"

! scope="row" |...

|...

|...

style="border-top:3px double #a2a9b1;"

! scope="row" |30

|Calvin Coolidge

|Jimmy Carter

scope="row" |31

|Franklin Pierce

|Richard Nixon

scope="row" |32

|James Buchanan

|Franklin Pierce

scope="row" |33

|Andrew Johnson

|Andrew Johnson

scope="row" |34

|Ulysses S. Grant

|James Buchanan

scope="row" |35

|Richard Nixon

|Ulysses S. Grant

scope="row" |36

|Warren G. Harding

|Warren G. Harding

= 2010 Siena College =

;Abbreviations

:Bg = Background

:PL = Party leadership

:CAb = Communication ability

:RC = Relations with Congress

:CAp = Court appointments

:HE = Handling of economy

:L = Luck

:AC = Ability to compromise

:WR = Willing to take risks

:EAp = Executive appointments

:OA = Overall ability

:Im = Imagination

:DA = Domestic accomplishments

:Int = Integrity

:EAb = Executive ability

:FPA = Foreign policy accomplishments

:LA = Leadership ability

:IQ = Intelligence

:AM = Avoiding crucial mistakes

:EV = Experts' view

:O = Overall

: Blue  backgrounds indicate first quartile.

: Green  backgrounds indicate second quartile.

: Yellow-green  backgrounds indicate the median.

: Yellow  backgrounds indicate third quartile.

: Orange  backgrounds indicate fourth quartile.

Source:{{cite web|url=https://www.siena.edu/news-events/article/rushmore-plus-one-fdr-joins-mountainside-figures-washington-jefferson-teddy|title=Rushmore Plus One; FDR joins Mountainside Figures Washington, Jefferson, Teddy Roosevelt and Lincoln as Top Presidents|publisher=Siena College|date=July 1, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706090046/http://www.siena.edu/pages/179.asp?item=2566|archive-date=July 6, 2010|access-date=May 19, 2017}}

{{sort under}}

{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-table-row1 sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:center;"
scope="col" |Seq.

! scope="col" |President

! scope="col" |Political party

! scope="col" |{{abbr|Bg|Background}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PL|Party leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CAb|Communication ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|RC|Relations with Congress}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CAp|Court appointments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|HE|Handling of economy}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|L|Luck}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AC|Ability to compromise}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|WR|Willing to take risks}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EAp|Executive appointments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|OA|Overall ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|Im|Imagination}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|DA|Domestic accomplishments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|Int|Integrity}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EAb|Executive ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|FPA|Foreign policy accomplishments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|LA|Leadership ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|IQ|Intelligence}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AM|Avoid crucial mistakes}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EV|Experts' view}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|O|Overall}}

1

| data-sort-value="Washington, George" |George Washington

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |4
2

| data-sort-value="Adams, John" |John Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |17
3

| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" |Thomas Jefferson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |5
4

| data-sort-value="Madison, James" |James Madison

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |6
5

| data-sort-value="Monroe, James" |James Monroe

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |7
6

| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" |John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |19
7

| data-sort-value="Jackson, Andrew" |Andrew Jackson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |14
8

| data-sort-value="Van Buren, Martin" |Martin Van Buren

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |23
9

| data-sort-value="Harrison, William Henry" |William Henry Harrison

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |35
10

| data-sort-value="Tyler, John" |John Tyler

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37
11

| data-sort-value="Polk, James K." |James K. Polk

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |12
12

| data-sort-value="Taylor, Zachary" |Zachary Taylor

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |33
13

| data-sort-value="Fillmore, Millard" |Millard Fillmore

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |38
14

| data-sort-value="Pierce, Franklin" |Franklin Pierce

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40
15

| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" |James Buchanan

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |42
16

| data-sort-value="Lincoln, Abraham" |Abraham Lincoln

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3
17

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Andrew" |Andrew Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |National Union

style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43
18

| data-sort-value="Grant, Ulysses S." |Ulysses S. Grant

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |26
19

| data-sort-value="Hayes, Rutherford B." |Rutherford B. Hayes

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |31
20

| data-sort-value="Garfield, James A." |James A. Garfield

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |27
21

| data-sort-value="Arthur, Chester A." |Chester A. Arthur

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |25
22/24

| data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover" |Grover Cleveland

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |20
23

| data-sort-value="Harrison, Benjamin" |Benjamin Harrison

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |34
25

| data-sort-value="McKinley, William" |William McKinley

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |21
26

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Theodore" |Theodore Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |2
27

| data-sort-value="Taft, William Howard" |William Howard Taft

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |24
28

| data-sort-value="Wilson, Woodrow" |Woodrow Wilson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |8
29

| data-sort-value="Harding, Warren G." |Warren G. Harding

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |41
30

| data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin" |Calvin Coolidge

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |29
31

| data-sort-value="Hoover, Herbert" |Herbert Hoover

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |36
32

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Franklin D." |Franklin D. Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1
33

| data-sort-value="Truman, Harry S." |Harry S. Truman

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |9
34

| data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight D." |Dwight D. Eisenhower

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |10
35

| data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F." |John F. Kennedy

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |11
36

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon B." |Lyndon B. Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |16
37

| data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard" |Richard Nixon

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |30
38

| data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald" |Gerald Ford

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |28
39

| data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy" |Jimmy Carter

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |32
40

| data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald" |Ronald Reagan

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |18
41

| data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W." |George H. W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#99CC00;" |22
42

| data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill" |Bill Clinton

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13
43

| data-sort-value="Bush, George W." |George W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39
44

| data-sort-value="Obama, Barack" |Barack Obama

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#99CC00;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |15

{{Sticky table end}}

= 2011 USPC =

In September/October 2010, the United States Presidency Centre (USPC) of the Institute for the Study of the Americas at the University of London surveyed 47 British specialists on American history and politics. Presidents were rated from 1 to 10 in five categories:

  1. vision/agenda-setting: "did the president have the clarity of vision to establish overarching goals for his administration and shape the terms of policy discourse?"
  2. domestic leadership: "did the president display the political skill needed to achieve his domestic objectives and respond effectively to unforeseen developments?"
  3. foreign policy leadership: "was the president an effective leader in promoting US foreign policy interests and national security?"
  4. moral authority: "did the president uphold the moral authority of his office through his character, values, and conduct?"
  5. positive historical significance of legacy: "did the president's legacy have positive benefits for America's development over time?"

William Henry Harrison (1841) and James Garfield (1881) were not rated because they died shortly after taking office. Barack Obama (2009–) ranked 8th in interim ranking as of January 2011, but was not counted in the final results (and thus did not affect the rankings of other presidents) because he had yet to complete a term.

Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945) came in first overall and in the categories of vision/agenda, domestic leadership, and foreign policy leadership. Washington came in first for moral authority; Lincoln for his legacy. Morgan believes it is likely that Roosevelt's ranking (which only marginally surpassed Lincoln's) rose because the poll was conducted during the worst economic troubles since the 1930s.

Of presidents since 1960, only Ronald Reagan and (in interim results) Barack Obama placed in the top ten; Obama was the highest-ranked president since Harry Truman (1945–1953). Most of the other recent presidents held middling positions, though George W. Bush placed in the bottom ten, the lowest-ranked president since Warren Harding (1921–1923). Lyndon Johnson (1963–1969) "would have been placed much higher in recognition of his civil rights achievement but for the corrosive effect of Vietnam on his foreign policy and moral authority scores." As with US polls, the bottom five (other than Harding) were president before and after the Civil War.

One of the more significant differences from American polls is the relatively low ranking of John F. Kennedy (1961–1963), who placed fifteenth. British academics "seemingly faulted JFK for the gap between his rhetoric and his substantive achievements as president."

;Abbreviations

:VSA = Vision/Setting an agenda

:DL = Domestic leadership

:FPL = Foreign-policy leadership

:MA = Moral authority

:HL = Historical legacy (positive significance of)

:O = Overall

: Blue  backgrounds indicate first quartile.

: Green  backgrounds indicate second quartile.

: Yellow  backgrounds indicate third quartile.

: Orange  backgrounds indicate fourth quartile.

Each category is ranked according to its averaged numerical score (in parentheses). Source:

{{sort under}}

{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-table-row1 sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:center;"
scope="col" |Seq.

! scope="col" |President

! scope="col" |Political party

! scope="col" |{{abbr|VSA|Vision/Setting an agenda}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|DL|Domestic leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|FPL|Foreign-policy leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|MA|Moral authority}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|HL|Historical legacy}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|O|Overall}}

1

| data-sort-value="Washington, George" |George Washington

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (8.22)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.78)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (7.89)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.20)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (9.18)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (84.5%)

2

| data-sort-value="Adams, John" |John Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.33)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (5.56)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (7.05)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (7.15)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.26)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (64.7%)

3

| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" |Thomas Jefferson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.29)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.57)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (7.14)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (7.16)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (8.16)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (76.6%)

4

| data-sort-value="Madison, James" |James Madison

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (6.23)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (5.78)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.75)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.72)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (6.38)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (61.7%)

5

| data-sort-value="Monroe, James" |James Monroe

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.97)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.55)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (7.08)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.27)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.18)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (62.1%)

6

| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" |John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (6.00)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 21 (4.89)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.69)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.00)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.22)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (55.6%)

7

| data-sort-value="Jackson, Andrew" |Andrew Jackson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (7.50)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.29)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (6.08)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.63)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.40)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (65.8%)

8

| data-sort-value="Buren, Martin Van" |Martin Van Buren

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.33)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.42)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.55)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.45)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.06)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (43.6%)

9

| data-sort-value="Harrison, William Henry" |William H. Harrison

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

10

| data-sort-value="Tyler, John" |John Tyler

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (3.38)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (3.08)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.00)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.19)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (2.46)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (32.2%)

11

| data-sort-value="Polk, James K." |James K. Polk

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.44)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (5.97)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.50)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.19)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.22)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (58.6%)

12

| data-sort-value="Taylor, Zachary" |Zachary Taylor

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.84)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.88)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.13)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.46)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.00)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (38.6%)

13

| data-sort-value="Fillmore, Millard" |Millard Fillmore

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.50)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.62)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.72)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.72)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.19)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (35.5%)

14

| data-sort-value="Pierce, Franklin" |Franklin Pierce

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.79)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.50)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (3.00)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (2.81)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.18)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (26.5%)

15

| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" |James Buchanan

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (3.06)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.33)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.91)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (2.74)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.11)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (26.3%)

16

| data-sort-value="Lincoln, Abraham" |Abraham Lincoln

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (8.98)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (8.91)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (7.73)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (9.13)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.37)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (88.2%)

17

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Andrew" |Andrew Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |National Union

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.39)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (2.90)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 31 (3.92)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.05)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (2.54)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (33.6%)

18

| data-sort-value="Grant, Ulysses S." |Ulysses S. Grant

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.05)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.08)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.64)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 31 (3.95)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (3.95)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (41.3%)

19

| data-sort-value="Hayes, Rutherford B." |Rutherford B. Hayes

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.27)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.27)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.81)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.10)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 31 (3.48)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (39.8%)

20

| data-sort-value="Garfield, James A." |James A. Garfield

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

21

| data-sort-value="Arthur, Chester A." |Chester A. Arthur

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.74)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.22)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.68)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.26)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (3.48)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (38.8%)

22/24

| data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover" |Grover Cleveland

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (5.44)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.28)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.16)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.56)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 21 (5.06)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 21 (53.0%)

23

| data-sort-value="Harrison, Benjamin" |Benjamin Harrison

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.68)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.68)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.75)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.24)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.04)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (36.8%)

25

| data-sort-value="McKinley, William" |William McKinley

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.95)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (5.58)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (6.28)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (5.86)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (5.46)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (58.3%)

26

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Theodore" |Theodore Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (8.11)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.76)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.61)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (7.09)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.28)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (75.7%)

27

| data-sort-value="Taft, William Howard" |William Howard Taft

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.61)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (4.59)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (4.73)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.97)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (4.18)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (46.1%)

28

| data-sort-value="Wilson, Woodrow" |Woodrow Wilson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (8.11)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (6.98)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.50)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.30)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.43)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (75.7%)

29

| data-sort-value="Harding, Warren G." |Warren G. Harding

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (3.32)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.23)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (3.62)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.21)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (2.52)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (29.8%)

30

| data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin" |Calvin Coolidge

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.22)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 31 (4.07)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.02)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (5.07)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (3.56)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (41.9%)

31

| data-sort-value="Hoover, Herbert" |Herbert Hoover

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (4.87)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (4.02)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.72)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (5.00)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (3.78)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (44.8%)

32

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Franklin D." |Franklin D. Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.11)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.04)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (8.77)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.43)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (9.32)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (89.3%)

33

| data-sort-value="Truman, Harry S." |Harry S. Truman

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (7.06)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.79)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.72)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.28)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.32)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (72.3%)

34

| data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight D." |Dwight D. Eisenhower

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.81)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.13)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.21)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.40)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.34)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (65.8%)

35

| data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F." |John F. Kennedy

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.96)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (5.79)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (6.41)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 21 (5.42)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.23)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (61.6%)

36

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon B." |Lyndon B. Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (8.23)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.55)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.87)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.45)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (6.53)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (65.3%)

37

| data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard" |Richard Nixon

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (6.11)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.09)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.83)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.02)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (3.89)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (47.9%)

38

| data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald" |Gerald Ford

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.93)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (4.72)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (4.89)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (5.87)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (4.11)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (47.0%)

39

| data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy" |Jimmy Carter

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.60)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (4.72)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 21 (5.62)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.28)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.38)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (57.2%)

40

| data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald" |Ronald Reagan

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (8.17)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.28)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (7.06)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (5.89)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (5.89)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (66.6%)

41

| data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W." |George H. W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 31 (4.04)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.24)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.64)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (5.87)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (4.71)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (51.0%)

42

| data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill" |Bill Clinton

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.28)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (6.46)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (6.39)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.48)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (5.57)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (56.4%)

43

| data-sort-value="Bush, George W." |George W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 21 (5.64)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.22)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (3.82)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.55)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (2.75)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 31 (39.6%)

44

| data-sort-value="Obama, Barack" |Barack Obama

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | {{hs|10.5}}11 (7.00)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | {{hs|10.5}}11 (6.44)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | {{hs|18.5}}19 (6.04)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | {{hs|7.5}}8 (7.27)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | {{hs|7.5}}8 (6.66)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | {{hs|7.5}}8 (66.8%)

{{Sticky table end}}

= 2016 PHN =

In 2016, the Presidential History Network surveyed 71 named British and Irish specialists. The questions were the same as in the USPC survey, which was directed by some of the same people. Some respondents did not rate presidents that they were not familiar with. The minimum number of responses (62) were for the rather obscure and inconsequential presidents Hayes, Arthur, Cleveland, and Benjamin Harrison. 69–70 rated all recent presidents, from FDR on.

; Abbreviations

: VSA = Vision/Setting an agenda

: DL = Domestic leadership

: FPL = Foreign-policy leadership

: MA = Moral authority

: HL = Historical legacy (positive significance of)

: O = Overall

:  Blue  backgrounds indicate first quartile.

:  Green  backgrounds indicate second quartile.

:  Yellow-green  backgrounds indicate the median.

:  Yellow  backgrounds indicate third quartile.

:  Orange  backgrounds indicate fourth quartile.

Each category is ranked according to its averaged numerical score. Source:

{{sort under}}

{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-table-row1 sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:center;"
scope="col" |Seq.

! scope="col" |President

! scope="col" |Political party

! scope="col" |{{abbr|VSA|Vision/Setting an agenda}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|DL|Domestic leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|FPL|Foreign-policy leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|MA|Moral authority}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|HL|Historical legacy}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|O|Overall}}

1

| data-sort-value="Washington, George" |George Washington

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.46)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.65)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (7.69)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (8.90)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.94)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.33)

2

| data-sort-value="Adams, John" |John Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (6.27)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (5.98)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.79)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.79)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (6.47)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (6.52)

3

| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" |Thomas Jefferson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (8.38)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.20)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.83)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (6.82)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.65)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.38)

4

| data-sort-value="Madison, James" |James Madison

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (6.36)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.08)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.79)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.47)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.36)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (6.21)

5

| data-sort-value="Monroe, James" |James Monroe

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.40)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (5.80)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (7.02)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.16)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.20)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.32)

6

| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" |John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (6.17)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.41)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (6.09)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.44)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (6.06)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (6.03)

7

| data-sort-value="Jackson, Andrew" |Andrew Jackson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (7.24)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (6.73)

| style="background:#99CC00;" | 21 (5.67)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.00)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (5.63)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (6.05)

8

| data-sort-value="Buren, Martin Van" |Martin Van Buren

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.57)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.76)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.58)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.46)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.11)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.50)

9

| data-sort-value="Harrison, William Henry" |William H. HarrisonHarrison was only president for one month, therefore, he was not ranked in this survey.

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

10

| data-sort-value="Tyler, John" |John Tyler

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.52)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.36)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.57)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.42)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.12)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.39)

11

| data-sort-value="Polk, James K." |James K. Polk

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (6.30)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.41)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (6.06)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.36)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (4.75)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.38)

12

| data-sort-value="Taylor, Zachary" |Zachary Taylor

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.66)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.61)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.51)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.12)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.29)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.64)

13

| data-sort-value="Fillmore, Millard" |Millard Fillmore

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.80)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (3.10)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (3.00)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (2.86)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (2.78)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.91)

14

| data-sort-value="Pierce, Franklin" |Franklin Pierce

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.84)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.58)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.92)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (2.74)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.26)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.67)

15

| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" |James Buchanan

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 41 (2.69)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 41 (2.31)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 41 (2.82)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (2.33)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 41 (2.13)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 41 (2.46)

16

| data-sort-value="Lincoln, Abraham" |Abraham Lincoln

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (9.16)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.03)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (8.01)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.32)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.49)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (9.00)

17

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Andrew" |Andrew Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |National Union

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.54)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.95)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (3.41)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (2.73)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (2.56)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (3.04)

18

| data-sort-value="Grant, Ulysses S." |Ulysses S. Grant

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (5.30)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.17)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (5.44)

| style="background:#99CC00;" | 21 (5.05)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.00)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (5.19)

19

| data-sort-value="Hayes, Rutherford B." |Rutherford B. Hayes

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.83)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 31 (3.92)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.70)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 31 (3.67)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.44)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.71)

20

| data-sort-value="Garfield, James A." |James A. GarfieldGarfield was president for 6 and a half months, therefore, he was not ranked in this survey.

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

| style="background:#;" | {{hs|99}}–

21

| data-sort-value="Arthur, Chester A." |Chester A. Arthur

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (3.36)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.78)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.49)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 33 (3.38)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.18)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (3.44)

22/24

| data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover" |Grover Cleveland

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (5.33)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (4.93)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (5.15)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.22)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (4.73)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (5.07)

23

| data-sort-value="Harrison, Benjamin" |Benjamin Harrison

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.06)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.10)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.10)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.13)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (3.55)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (3.99)

25

| data-sort-value="McKinley, William" |William McKinley

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.84)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.65)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (6.13)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.42)

| style="background:#99CC00;" | 21 (5.24)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.66)

26

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Theodore" |Theodore Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (8.07)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.55)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.62)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.03)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.07)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.47)

27

| data-sort-value="Taft, William Howard" |William Howard Taft

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.63)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.63)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.76)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24 (4.84)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.34)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.64)

28

| data-sort-value="Wilson, Woodrow" |Woodrow Wilson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (8.37)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.26)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.53)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (7.00)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (7.01)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.23)

29

| data-sort-value="Harding, Warren G." |Warren G. Harding

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (3.22)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (3.17)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36 (3.48)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.37)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.54)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38 (2.96)

30

| data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin" |Calvin Coolidge

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 31 (3.90)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.00)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 31 (3.83)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.29)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 31 (3.48)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 31 (3.90)

31

| data-sort-value="Hoover, Herbert" |Herbert Hoover

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.72)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.76)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.15)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.31)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (3.48)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29 (4.08)

32

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Franklin D." |Franklin D. Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.31)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (9.00)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.11)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.40)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2 (9.23)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1 (9.01)

33

| data-sort-value="Truman, Harry S." |Harry S. Truman

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.90)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.71)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.53)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.86)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.03)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8 (7.06)

34

| data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight D." |Dwight D. Eisenhower

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (6.22)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.09)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.13)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.30)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.44)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.64)

35

| data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F." |John F. Kennedy

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (7.56)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (5.77)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.60)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (5.67)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.43)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.41)

36

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon B." |Lyndon B. Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (8.16)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3 (8.46)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30 (4.06)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.23)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.59)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 11 (6.50)

37

| data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard" |Richard Nixon

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#99CC00;" | 21 (6.16)

| style="background:#99CC00;" | 21 (5.19)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.99)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 41 (1.75)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (3.58)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.53)

38

| data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald" |Gerald Ford

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.85)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.38)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.46)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (4.94)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (4.06)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28 (4.34)

39

| data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy" |Jimmy Carter

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (6.31)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 23 (4.99)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 22 (5.53)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (7.14)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.59)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18 (5.91)

40

| data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald" |Ronald Reagan

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6 (8.19)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (5.86)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12 (6.72)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17 (5.64)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.51)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.38)

41

| data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W." |George H. W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.83)

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26 (4.67)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (6.81)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (5.68)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20 (5.41)

| style="background:#99CC00;" | 21 (5.48)

42

| data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill" |Bill Clinton

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13 (6.88)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (6.93)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14 (6.35)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.22)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16 (5.85)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19 (5.85)

43

| data-sort-value="Bush, George W." |George W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25 (4.93)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 32 (3.83)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39 (2.94)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35 (2.91)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37 (2.60)

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34 (3.44)

44

| data-sort-value="Obama, Barack" |Barack Obama

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10 (7.39)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9 (6.71)

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15 (6.30)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4 (7.86)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5 (7.44)

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7 (7.14)

{{sticky table end}}

= 2017 C-SPAN =

;Abbreviations

:PP = Public persuasion

:CL = Crisis leadership

:EM = Economic management

:MA = Moral authority

:IR = International relations

:AS = Administrative skills

:RC = Relations with Congress

:VSA = Vision/Setting an agenda

:PEJ = Pursued equal justice for all

:PCT = Performance within context of times

:O = Overall

: Blue  backgrounds indicate first quartile.

: Green  backgrounds indicate second quartile.

:  Yellow-green  backgrounds indicate the median.

: Yellow  backgrounds indicate third quartile.

: Orange  backgrounds indicate fourth quartile.

Source:{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2017/|title=All Presidents|work=C-SPAN Survey on Presidents 2017|publisher=C-SPAN|access-date=December 14, 2017|archive-date=December 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222235618/https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2017/|url-status=live}}

{{sort under}}

{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-table-row1 sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:center;"
scope="col" |Seq.

! scope="col" |President

! scope="col" |Political party

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PP|Public persuasion}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CL|Crisis leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EM|Economic management}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|MA|Moral authority}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|IR|International relations}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AS|Administrative skills}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|RC|Relations with Congress}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|VSA|Vision/Setting an agenda}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PEJ|Pursued equal justice for all}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PCT|Performance within context of times}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|O|Overall}}

1

| data-sort-value="Washington, George" |George Washington

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2
2

| data-sort-value="Adams, John" |John Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 19
3

| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" |Thomas Jefferson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 7
4

| data-sort-value="Madison, James" |James Madison

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 17
5

| data-sort-value="Monroe, James" |James Monroe

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 13
6

| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" |John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 21
7

| data-sort-value="Jackson, Andrew" |Andrew Jackson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 18
8

| data-sort-value="Buren, Martin Van" |Martin Van Buren

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#ee8866;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 34
9

| data-sort-value="Harrison, William Henry" |William Henry Harrison

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 38
10

| data-sort-value="Tyler, John" |John Tyler

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 39
11

| data-sort-value="Polk, James K." |James K. Polk

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 14
12

| data-sort-value="Taylor, Zachary" |Zachary Taylor

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 31
13

| data-sort-value="Fillmore, Millard" |Millard Fillmore

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 37
14

| data-sort-value="Pierce, Franklin" |Franklin Pierce

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 41
15

| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" |James Buchanan

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43
16

| data-sort-value="Lincoln, Abraham" |Abraham Lincoln

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1
17

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Andrew" |Andrew Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |National Union

style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 42
18

| data-sort-value="Grant, Ulysses S." |Ulysses S. Grant

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#99CC00;" | 22
19

| data-sort-value="Hayes, Rutherford B." |Rutherford B. Hayes

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 32
20

| data-sort-value="Garfield, James A." |James A. Garfield

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 29
21

| data-sort-value="Arthur, Chester A." |Chester A. Arthur

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 35
22/24

| data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover" |Grover Cleveland

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 23
23

| data-sort-value="Harrison, Benjamin" |Benjamin Harrison

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 30
25

| data-sort-value="McKinley, William" |William McKinley

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 16
26

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Theodore" |Theodore Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4
27

| data-sort-value="Taft, William Howard" |William Howard Taft

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 24
28

| data-sort-value="Wilson, Woodrow" |Woodrow Wilson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 11
29

| data-sort-value="Harding, Warren G." |Warren G. Harding

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 40
30

| data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin" |Calvin Coolidge

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 27
31

| data-sort-value="Hoover, Herbert" |Herbert Hoover

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 36
32

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Franklin D." |Franklin D. Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3
33

| data-sort-value="Truman, Harry S." |Harry S. Truman

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 6
34

| data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight D." |Dwight D. Eisenhower

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 5
35

| data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F." |John F. Kennedy

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 8
36

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon B." |Lyndon B. Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#44bb99;;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 10
37

| data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard" |Richard Nixon

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 28
38

| data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald" |Gerald Ford

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 25
39

| data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy" |Jimmy Carter

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#99CC00;" | 22style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 26
40

| data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald" |Ronald Reagan

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#ee8866;" | 33style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 9
41

| data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W." |George H. W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 20
42

| data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill" |Bill Clinton

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 15
43

| data-sort-value="Bush, George W." |George W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 33
44

| data-sort-value="Obama, Barack" |Barack Obama

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 12

{{sticky table end}}

= 2018 Siena College =

On February 13, 2019, Siena released its sixth presidential poll.

The poll was initiated in 1982 and occurs one year into the term of each new president. It is currently a survey of 157 presidential scholars across a range of leadership parameters.

The ranking awarded the top five spots to George Washington, Franklin Roosevelt, Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, and Thomas Jefferson, in keeping with prior surveys. Washington had been ranked fourth in all previous surveys, and Franklin Roosevelt first.

(The numbers below do not match the source where there are ties in the rankings. They have instead been counted as ties are in other polls (e.g. 26, 27, 27, 27, 30 rather than 26, 27, 27, 27, 28), so that all categories span the range 1–44.)

; Abbreviations

: Bg = Background

: Im = Imagination

: Int = Integrity

: IQ = Intelligence

: L = Luck

: WR = Willing to take risks

: AC = Ability to compromise

: EAb = Executive ability

: LA = Leadership ability

: CAb = Communication ability

: OA = Overall ability

: PL = Party leadership

: RC = Relations with Congress

: CAp = Court appointments

: HE = Handling of economy

: EAp = Executive appointments

: DA = Domestic accomplishments

: FPA = Foreign policy accomplishments

: AM = Avoiding crucial mistakes

: EV = Experts' view

: O = Overall

:  Blue  backgrounds indicate first quartile.

:  Green  backgrounds indicate second quartile.

:  Yellow  backgrounds indicate third quartile.

:  Orange  backgrounds indicate fourth quartile.

{{sort under}}

{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-table-row1 sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:center;"
scope="col" |Seq.

! scope="col" |President

! scope="col" |Political party

! scope="col" |{{abbr|Bg|Background}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|Im|Imagination}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|Int|Integrity}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|IQ|Intelligence}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|L|Luck}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|WR|Willing to take risks}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AC|Ability to compromise}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EAb|Executive ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|LA|Leadership ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CAb|Communication ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|OA|Overall ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PL|Party leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|RC|Relations with Congress}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CAp|Court appointments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|HE|Handling of economy}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EAp|Executive appointments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|DA|Domestic accomplishments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|FPA|Foreign policy accomplishments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AM|Avoid crucial mistakes}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EV|Experts' view}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|O|Overall}}

1

| data-sort-value="Washington, George" |George Washington

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 7

style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1
2

| data-sort-value="Adams, John" |John Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 3

style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 14
3

| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" |Thomas Jefferson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 2

style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5
4

| data-sort-value="Madison, James" |James Madison

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 4

style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 7
5

| data-sort-value="Monroe, James" |James Monroe

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 9

style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 8
6

| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" |John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 1

style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 18
7

| data-sort-value="Jackson, Andrew" |Andrew Jackson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 38

style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 19
8

| data-sort-value="Van Buren, Martin" |Martin Van Buren

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 24

style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 25
9

| data-sort-value="Harrison, William Henry" |William Henry Harrison

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 22 (tie)

style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 39
10

| data-sort-value="Tyler, John" |John Tyler

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 35

style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 37
11

| data-sort-value="Polk, James K." |James K. Polk

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 19

style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 12
12

| data-sort-value="Taylor, Zachary" |Zachary Taylor

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 31

style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 30
13

| data-sort-value="Fillmore, Millard" |Millard Fillmore

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 41

style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (tie)style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 38
14

| data-sort-value="Pierce, Franklin" |Franklin Pierce

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 39

style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 40 (tie)style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 40
15

| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" |James Buchanan

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 37

style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 43
16

| data-sort-value="Lincoln, Abraham" |Abraham Lincoln

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 29

style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 3
17

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Andrew" |Andrew Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 43

style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 44
18

| data-sort-value="Grant, Ulysses S." |Ulysses S. Grant

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 20

style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 24
19

| data-sort-value="Hayes, Rutherford B." |Rutherford B. Hayes

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 36

style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 32
20

| data-sort-value="Garfield, James A." |James A. Garfield

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 22 (tie)

style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 28
21

| data-sort-value="Arthur, Chester A." |Chester A. Arthur

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 42

style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#44bb99;" | 22 (tie)style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 33 (tie)style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" | 34
22/24

| data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover" |Grover Cleveland

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 27

style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (tie)style="background:#44bb99;" | 22 (tie)style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 23
23

| data-sort-value="Harrison, Benjamin" |Benjamin Harrison

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 34

style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 35
25

| data-sort-value="McKinley, William" |William McKinley

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 30

style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 20
26

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Theodore" |Theodore Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 5

style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4
27

| data-sort-value="Taft, William Howard" |William Howard Taft

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 12

style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 22
28

| data-sort-value="Wilson, Woodrow" |Woodrow Wilson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 8

style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 11
29

| data-sort-value="Harding, Warren G." |Warren G. Harding

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 40

style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 41
30

| data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin" |Calvin Coolidge

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 33

style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 32 (tie)style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 31
31

| data-sort-value="Hoover, Herbert" |Herbert Hoover

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 13

style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 33 (tie)style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#ee8866;" | 36
32

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Franklin D." |Franklin D. Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 6

style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 2
33

| data-sort-value="Truman, Harry S." |Harry S. Truman

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 32

style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 9
34

| data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight D." |Dwight D. Eisenhower

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 11

style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6
35

| data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F." |John F. Kennedy

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 14

style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 10
36

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon B." |Lyndon B. Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 15

style="background:#77aadd;" | 11 (tie)style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 16
37

| data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard" |Richard Nixon

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 16

style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#eedd88;" | 29
38

| data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald" |Gerald Ford

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 18

style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#eedd88;" | 27style="background:#eedd88;" | 27
39

| data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy" |Jimmy Carter

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 26

style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (tie)style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 32 (tie)style="background:#eedd88;" | 32style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#ee8866;" | 37style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#eedd88;" | 26
40

| data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald" |Ronald Reagan

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 28

style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#eedd88;" | 24style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 13
41

| data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W." |George H. W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#77aadd;" | 10

style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 27 (tie)style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#eedd88;" | 26style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 21
42

| data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill" |Bill Clinton

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 21

style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 17style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" | 12style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#44bb99;" | 15
43

| data-sort-value="Bush, George W." |George W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#44bb99;" | 17

style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#eedd88;" | 33style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#44bb99;" | 21style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#ee8866;" | 35style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#44bb99;" | 19style="background:#44bb99;" | 22style="background:#eedd88;" | 28style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#eedd88;" | 29style="background:#eedd88;" | 30style="background:#ee8866;" | 38style="background:#ee8866;" | 36style="background:#ee8866;" | 34style="background:#eedd88;" | 33
44

| data-sort-value="Obama, Barack" |Barack Obama

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

| style="background:#eedd88;" | 25

style="background:#77aadd;" | 11 (tie)style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#44bb99;" | 18style="background:#44bb99;" | 16style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" | 15style="background:#eedd88;" | 23style="background:#eedd88;" | 31style="background:#44bb99;" | 14style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 13style="background:#44bb99;" | 20style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#77aadd;" | 11style="background:#44bb99;" | 17
45

| data-sort-value="Trump, Donald" |Donald Trump

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

| style="background:#ee8866;" | 44

style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#77aadd;" | 10style="background:#eedd88;" | 25style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 43style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 39style="background:#ee8866;" | 44style="background:#ee8866;" | 40style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 41style="background:#ee8866;" | 42style="background:#ee8866;" | 42

{{sticky table end}}

= 2021 C-SPAN =

; Abbreviations

: PP = Public persuasion

: CL = Crisis leadership

: EM = Economic management

: MA = Moral authority

: IR = International relations

: AS = Administrative skills

: RC = Relations with Congress

: VSA = Vision/Setting an agenda

: PEJ = Pursued equal justice for all

: PCT = Performance within context of times

: O = Overall

:  Blue  backgrounds indicate first quartile.

:  Green  backgrounds indicate second quartile.

:  Yellow  backgrounds indicate third quartile.

:  Orange  backgrounds indicate fourth quartile.

Source:{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/|title=All Presidents|work=C-SPAN Survey on Presidents 2021|publisher=C-SPAN|access-date=June 30, 2021|archive-date=July 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703102349/https://www.c-span.org/presidentsurvey2021/|url-status=live}}

{{sort under}}

{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-table-row1 sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:center;"
scope="col" |Seq.

! scope="col" |President

! scope="col" |Political party

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PP|Public persuasion}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CL|Crisis leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EM|Economic management}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|MA|Moral authority}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|IR|International relations}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AS|Administrative skills}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|RC|Relations with Congress}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|VSA|Vision/Setting an agenda}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PEJ|Pursued equal justice for all}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PCT|Performance within context of times}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|O|Overall}}

1

| data-sort-value="Washington, George" |George Washington

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |2
2

| data-sort-value="Adams, John" |John Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |15
3

| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" |Thomas Jefferson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |7
4

| data-sort-value="Madison, James" |James Madison

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |16
5

| data-sort-value="Monroe, James" |James Monroe

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |12
6

| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" |John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |17
7

| data-sort-value="Jackson, Andrew" |Andrew Jackson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |22
8

| data-sort-value="Buren, Martin Van" |Martin Van Buren

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |34
9

| data-sort-value="Harrison, William Henry" |William Henry Harrison

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40
10

| data-sort-value="Tyler, John" |John Tyler

| bgcolor="#dddddd" |Independent

style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39
11

| data-sort-value="Polk, James K." |James K. Polk

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |18
12

| data-sort-value="Taylor, Zachary" |Zachary Taylor

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |35
13

| data-sort-value="Fillmore, Millard" |Millard Fillmore

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |38
14

| data-sort-value="Pierce, Franklin" |Franklin Pierce

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42
15

| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" |James Buchanan

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44
16

| data-sort-value="Lincoln, Abraham" |Abraham Lincoln

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |1
17

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Andrew" |Andrew Johnson

| {{party shading/National Union}} |National Union

style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43
18

| data-sort-value="Grant, Ulysses S." |Ulysses S. Grant

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |20
19

| data-sort-value="Hayes, Rutherford B." |Rutherford B. Hayes

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |33
20

| data-sort-value="Garfield, James A." |James A. Garfield

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |27
21

| data-sort-value="Arthur, Chester A." |Chester A. Arthur

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |30
22/24

| data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover" |Grover Cleveland

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |25
23

| data-sort-value="Harrison, Benjamin" |Benjamin Harrison

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |32
25

| data-sort-value="McKinley, William" |William McKinley

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |14
26

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Theodore" |Theodore Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |4
27

| data-sort-value="Taft, William Howard" |William Howard Taft

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |23
28

| data-sort-value="Wilson, Woodrow" |Woodrow Wilson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13
29

| data-sort-value="Harding, Warren G." |Warren G. Harding

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37
30

| data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin" |Calvin Coolidge

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |24
31

| data-sort-value="Hoover, Herbert" |Herbert Hoover

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |36
32

| data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Franklin D." |Franklin D. Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |1style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |3
33

| data-sort-value="Truman, Harry S." |Harry S. Truman

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |6
34

| data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight D." |Dwight D. Eisenhower

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |4style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |5
35

| data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F." |John F. Kennedy

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |8
36

| data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon B." |Lyndon B. Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |2style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |11
37

| data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard" |Richard Nixon

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |31
38

| data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald" |Gerald Ford

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |28
39

| data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy" |Jimmy Carter

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#77aadd;" |7style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |26
40

| data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald" |Ronald Reagan

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#77aadd;" |9
41

| data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W." |George H. W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |21
42

| data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill" |Bill Clinton

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" |5style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |8style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |19
43

| data-sort-value="Bush, George W." |George W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |29
44

| data-sort-value="Obama, Barack" |Barack Obama

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |9style="background:#77aadd;" |6style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" |3style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10
45

| data-sort-value="Trump, Donald" |Donald Trump

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |41

{{sticky table end}}

= 2022 Siena College =

The Siena College Research Institute released their seventh poll results on June 22, 2022. The best 10% and worst 10% remain unchanged from their 2018 poll (top five: F. D. Roosevelt, Lincoln, Washington, T. Roosevelt, Jefferson; bottom five: A. Johnson, Buchanan, Trump, Harding, Pierce). 41% of the scholars polled said that if a president were to be added to Mount Rushmore, it should be FDR. 63% believed that the president should be elected by a national popular vote; whereas, 17% supported the Electoral College.{{Cite web |url=https://scri.siena.edu/2022/06/22/american-presidents-greatest-and-worst/ |title=American Presidents: Greatest and Worst. Siena's 7th Presidential Expert Poll 1982–2022. |access-date=June 23, 2022 |archive-date=July 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715114119/https://scri.siena.edu/2022/06/22/american-presidents-greatest-and-worst/ |url-status=live }}

A year into his term, Joe Biden entered the ranking in the second quartile, at nineteenth place out of 45. Among recent presidents, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama moved up in the rankings, while George W. Bush and Donald Trump moved down, though part of the downward shift was due to the addition of a new president to the poll. Counting from the other direction, Trump remained unchanged at third place from last. The changes were relatively small (one or two places), apart from Obama, who moved up six places (14%) to eleventh place, in the first quartile. Notable shifts among earlier presidents included the continuing rehabilitation of Lyndon Johnson, up 8 places into the first quartile, and of Ulysses Grant, up 3 places (up 8 in the individual evaluations) into the second quartile; and the lessening appreciation of Andrew Jackson, down 4 places to the median (down 7, into the third quartile, in the individual evaluations); Ronald Reagan, down 5 places, remaining in the second quartile; and Zachary Taylor, down 6 places into the fourth quartile.{{Cite web |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Graphics-for-Presidents-Release-2.pdf |title=Graphics for American Presidents: Greatest and Worst |access-date=June 23, 2022 |archive-date=June 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623191952/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Graphics-for-Presidents-Release-2.pdf |url-status=live }}

; Abbreviations

: Bg = Background (family, education, experience)

: Im = Imagination

: Int = Integrity

: IQ = Intelligence

: L = Luck

: WR = Willing to take risks

: AC = Ability to compromise

: EAb = Executive ability

: LA = Leadership ability

: CAb = Communication ability (speak, write)

: OA = Overall ability

: PL = Party leadership

: RC = Relationship with Congress

: CAp = Court appointments

: HE = Handling of U.S. economy

: EAp = Executive appointments

: DA = Domestic accomplishments

: FPA = Foreign policy accomplishments

: AM = Avoiding crucial mistakes

: PV = Present overall view [the average ranking of the polled experts]The average evaluation. The wording on the survey was "your present overall view."

: O = Overall rank [the average of the individual parameters]The average rank as calculated by Siena from the data items in the table. This is usually within a few places of the average evaluation, but more divergent in the cases of Ulysses Grant and Richard Nixon.

:  Blue  backgrounds indicate first quartile.

:  Green  backgrounds indicate second quartile.

:  Yellow-green  backgrounds indicate the median.

:  Yellow  backgrounds indicate third quartile.

:  Orange  backgrounds indicate fourth quartile.

Source: [https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PDF-Ranking-FINAL-REAL.pdf Siena College Research Institute: 2022 Survey of U.S. Presidents]

{{sort under}}

{{Sticky table start}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-table-head sticky-table-col2 sort-under-center" style="text-align:center;"
rowspan="2" scope="col" |Seq.

! rowspan="2" scope="col" |President

! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Political party

! colspan="6" | {{sc|attributes}}

! colspan="5" | {{sc|abilities}}

! colspan="8" | {{sc|accomplishments}}

! colspan="2" | {{sc|average}}

scope="col" |{{abbr|Bg|Background}}

! scope="col" class="sticky-table-none" |{{abbr|Im|Imagination}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|Int|Integrity}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|IQ|Intelligence}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|L|Luck}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|WR|Willing to take risks}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AC|Ability to compromise}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EAb|Executive ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|LA|Leadership ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CAb|Communication ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|OA|Overall ability}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PL|Party leadership}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|RC|Relationship with Congress}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|CAp|Court appointments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|HE|Handling of economy}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|EAp|Executive appointments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|DA|Domestic accomplishments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|FPA|Foreign policy accomplishments}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|AM|Avoid crucial mistakes}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|PV|Present overall view}}

! scope="col" |{{abbr|O|Overall rank}}

1George Washington

|Independent

style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3
2John Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} |Federalist

style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |16
3Thomas Jefferson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 5
4James Madison

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" |10
5James Monroe

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |12
6John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} |Democratic-Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |17
7Andrew Jackson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#99cc00;" |23
8Martin Van Buren

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |29
9William Henry Harrison

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |40
10John Tyler

|Independent

style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |39
11James K. Polk

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |15
12Zachary Taylor

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |36
13Millard Fillmore

| {{party shading/Whig}} |Whig

style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38
14Franklin Pierce

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |41
15James Buchanan

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |44
16Abraham Lincoln

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2
17Andrew Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |45
18Ulysses S. Grant

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |21
19Rutherford B. Hayes

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |31
20James A. Garfield

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |27
21Chester A. Arthur

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |33
22/24Grover Cleveland

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |26
23Benjamin Harrison

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |34
25William McKinley

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |22
26Theodore Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 4
27William Howard Taft

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |25
28Woodrow Wilson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |13
29Warren G. Harding

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |42
30Calvin Coolidge

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |32
31Herbert Hoover

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |37
32Franklin D. Roosevelt

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" | 1
33Harry S. Truman

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 7
34Dwight D. Eisenhower

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6
35John F. Kennedy

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" | 9
36Lyndon B. Johnson

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#77aadd;" | 1style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 8
37Richard Nixon

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |28
38Gerald Ford

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#eedd88;" |30
39Jimmy Carter

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" | 2style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#eedd88;" |29style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |24
40Ronald Reagan

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#77aadd;" | 3style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |18
41George H. W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |28style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#ee8866;" |36style="background:#eedd88;" |26style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |20
42Bill Clinton

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#ee8866;" |40style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#77aadd;" | 4style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 5style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#eedd88;" |33style="background:#44bb99;" |13style="background:#44bb99;" |14
43George W. Bush

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |39style="background:#ee8866;" |37style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |38style="background:#ee8866;" |35style="background:#ee8866;" |35
44Barack Obama

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |18style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 7style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" |11style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#77aadd;" | 6style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#77aadd;" | 8style="background:#77aadd;" |11
45Donald Trump

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#44bb99;" |17style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#eedd88;" |32style="background:#ee8866;" |42style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |41style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |45style="background:#ee8866;" |43style="background:#ee8866;" |44style="background:#ee8866;" |43
46Joe Biden

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

style="background:#44bb99;" |15style="background:#44bb99;" |22style="background:#44bb99;" |12style="background:#eedd88;" |27style="background:#eedd88;" |34style="background:#eedd88;" |24style="background:#77aadd;" | 9style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |30style="background:#99cc00;" |23style="background:#eedd88;" |25style="background:#eedd88;" |31style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |14style="background:#77aadd;" |10style="background:#44bb99;" |19style="background:#44bb99;" |21style="background:#44bb99;" |16style="background:#44bb99;" |20style="background:#44bb99;" |19

{{sticky table end}}

{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

Scholar surveys of diversity and racism

=Walton and Smith (2002–2020)=

Professors Hanes Walton Jr. and Robert Smith in their book American Politics and the African American Quest for Universal Freedom, ranked presidents for their views and actions on the topic of race.{{Cite news |last=Cox |first=Tony |date=February 19, 2007 |title=Race and Ranking the Best and Worst Presidencies |url=https://www.npr.org/2007/02/19/7487528/race-and-ranking-the-best-and-worst-presidencies |work=NPR - News and Notes}} Presidents can be ranked twice since "White supremacist" refers only to personal belief; while the other categories incorporate policy actions as well.

class="wikitable"

|+Rating of presidential racism{{Cite book |last1=Walton |first1=Hanes |page=262 |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781000328660 |title=American Politics and the African American Quest for Universal Freedom |last2=Smith |first2=Robert C. |last3=Wallace |first3=Sherri L. |date=2020-12-30 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-02832-1 |edition=9 |location=9th edition. {{!}} New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. |language=en |doi=10.4324/9781003028321}}

White supremacist{{#tag:ref|Held a belief in the inferiority of African people|group="nb"}}

!Institutionally racist{{#tag:ref|Supported slavery or segregation. All presidents before Lincoln defended slavery.|group="nb"}}

!Institutionally neutral{{#tag:ref|Record shows no positions on racial issues|group="nb"}}

!Ambivalent{{#tag:ref|Varied between anti-racist and racially neutral policies|group="nb"}}

!Anti-racist{{#tag:ref|Attempted to dismantle at least some aspects of racial subordination|group="nb"}}

George Washington
Thomas Jefferson{{#tag:ref|Jefferson is rated as both white supremacist and institutional racist (for defending the institution of slavery), but acted as soon as constitutionally possible to end the international slave trade.Hanes Walton Jr & Robert C. Smith, eds. (2017) [https://books.google.com/books?id=qs2RDgAAQBAJ American Politics and the African American Quest for Universal Freedom]. Taylor & Francis. 8th edition.|group="nb"|name="Jefferson"}}
James Madison
James Monroe
Andrew Jackson
Martin Van Buren
William Harrison
John Tyler
James Polk
Zachary Taylor
Millard Fillmore
Franklin Pierce
James Buchanan
Abraham Lincoln{{#tag:ref|Lincoln, Truman and Nixon are rated as both white supremacist, for their personal views, and antiracist, for their policies.|group="nb"|name="LincolnTrumanNixon"}}
Andrew Johnson
Grover Cleveland
William McKinley
{{nowrap|Theodore Roosevelt}}
Woodrow Wilson
Warren Harding
{{nowrap|Harry S. Truman}}
Dwight D. Eisenhower{{#tag:ref|Eisenhower is rated as white supremacist for his personal beliefs and ambivalent for his support and forcing of the integration of Little Rock Central High School.|group="nb"|name="Eisenhower"}}
{{nowrap|Richard Nixon}}
Donald Trump{{#tag:ref|Trump is rated as white supremacist for his personal beliefs and institutionally racist for his policies.Hanes Walton Jr, Robert C. Smith & Sherri L. Wallace, eds. (2021) American Politics and the African American Quest for Universal Freedom. Pearson Longman. 9th edition, p 195–197|group="nb"|name="Trump"}}

|George Washington
John Adams
{{nowrap|Thomas Jefferson}}
James Madison
James Monroe
John Quincy Adams{{#tag:ref|John Quincy Adams took no anti-racist actions as president, but was not personally racist and after his presidency was a vigorous opponent of slavery.|group="nb"|name="Adams"}}
Andrew Jackson
Martin Van Buren
William Harrison
John Tyler
James Polk
Zachary Taylor
Millard Fillmore
Franklin Pierce
James Buchanan
Andrew Johnson
Theodore Roosevelt
Woodrow Wilson
{{nowrap|Donald Trump}}

|Chester A. Arthur
Grover Cleveland
William McKinley
William Taft
Warren Harding
Calvin Coolidge
Herbert Hoover
{{nowrap|Franklin D. Roosevelt}}

|Rutherford B. Hayes
James Garfield
{{nowrap|Dwight D. Eisenhower}}
Ulysses S. Grant
{{nowrap|Benjamin Harrison}}
{{nowrap|Harry S. Truman}}
John F. Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson
{{nowrap|Richard Nixon}}
Jimmy Carter
{{nowrap|Barack Obama}}

{{Reflist|group="nb"}}

= Tillery and Greer (2019) =

In May 2019, Alvin Tillery of the Center for the Study of Diversity and Democracy at Northwestern University and Christina Greer of Fordham University "conducted a poll of 113 academic researchers and asked them to rate the 14 modern presidents on both their overall leadership and rhetoric on diversity and inclusion using a scale ranging from 0 to 100."{{Cite web |last=Tillery Jr. |first=Alvin B. |date=May 31, 2019 |title=The First-Ever Expert Survey on Presidential Leadership on Diversity and Inclusion |url=https://www.csdd.northwestern.edu/research/csdd-survey-results_presidential-leadership-poll_may-2019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702143212/https://www.csdd.northwestern.edu/research/csdd-survey-results_presidential-leadership-poll_may-2019.pdf |archive-date=July 2, 2019 |access-date=June 25, 2019 |website=Center for the Study of Diversity and Democracy}} Survey respondents were significantly more liberal than the national average, "with only 13 percent of the respondents describing themselves as either moderate, slightly conservative, or conservative."

class="wikitable"

!Rank

!Overall (performance + diversity and inclusion score)

!Diversity and inclusion leadership score only

1

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Franklin D. Roosevelt (83/100)

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Barack Obama (75/100)

2

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Barack Obama (77/100)

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Bill Clinton (54/100)

3

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Lyndon B. Johnson (69/100)

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Jimmy Carter (43/100)

4

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Bill Clinton (62/100)

| {{party shading/Republican}} |George W. Bush (41/100)

5

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |John F. Kennedy (61/100)

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Lyndon B. Johnson (40/100)

6

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Harry S. Truman (57/100)

| {{party shading/Republican}} |George H. W. Bush (34/100)

7

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Dwight D. Eisenhower (54.4/100)

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Franklin D. Roosevelt (31/100)

8

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Ronald Reagan (54.1/100)

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Gerald Ford (30/100)

9

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Jimmy Carter (50/100)

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |John F. Kennedy (28.4/100)

10

| {{party shading/Republican}} |George H. W. Bush (49/100)

| {{party shading/Democratic}} |Harry S. Truman (28/100)

11

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Gerald Ford (39/100)

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Ronald Reagan (27.8/100)

12

| {{party shading/Republican}} |George W. Bush (38/100)

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Dwight D. Eisenhower (26/100)

13

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Richard Nixon (32/100)

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Richard Nixon (24/100)

14

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Donald Trump (11/100)

| {{party shading/Republican}} |Donald Trump (9/100)

Public opinion polls

{{Primary sources section

| date = March 2024

}}

= 2010 Gallup poll =

A Gallup poll taken on November 19–21, 2010, asked 1,037 Americans to say, based on what they know or remember about the nine most recent former presidents, whether they approve or disapprove of how each handled his job in office.{{cite web|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/145064/Kennedy-Highest-Rated-Modern-President-Nixon-Lowest.aspx|title=Kennedy Still Highest-Rated Modern President, Nixon Lowest|date=December 6, 2010|publisher=Gallup|access-date=March 16, 2012|archive-date=March 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314210852/http://www.gallup.com/poll/145064/Kennedy-Highest-Rated-Modern-President-Nixon-Lowest.aspx|url-status=live}}

  1. John F. Kennedy (85% approval/10% disapproval)
  2. Ronald Reagan (74% approval/24% disapproval)
  3. Bill Clinton (69% approval/30% disapproval)
  4. George H. W. Bush (64% approval/34% disapproval)
  5. Gerald Ford (61% approval/26% disapproval)
  6. Jimmy Carter (52% approval/42% disapproval)
  7. Lyndon B. Johnson (49% approval/36% disapproval)
  8. George W. Bush (47% approval/51% disapproval)
  9. Richard Nixon (29% approval/65% disapproval)

= 2011 Gallup poll =

A Gallup poll about presidential greatness taken February 2–5, 2011, asked 1,015 American adults the following question: "Who do you regard as the greatest United States president?"

  1. Ronald Reagan (19%)
  2. Abraham Lincoln (14%)
  3. Bill Clinton (13%)
  4. John F. Kennedy (11%)
  5. George Washington (10%)
  6. Franklin Roosevelt (8%)
  7. Barack Obama (5%)
  8. Theodore Roosevelt (3%)
  9. Harry S. Truman (3%)
  10. George W. Bush (2%)
  11. Thomas Jefferson (2%)
  12. Jimmy Carter (1%)
  13. Dwight Eisenhower (1%)
  14. George H. W. Bush (1%)
  15. Andrew Jackson (<0.5%)
  16. Lyndon B. Johnson (<0.5%)
  17. Richard Nixon (<0.5%)

In addition, "Other" received 1%, "None" received 1% and "No opinion" received 5%.

= Public Policy Polling =

A Public Policy Polling poll taken between September 8–11, 2011, asked 665 American voters, based on what they know or remember about the nine then-most recent former presidents, whether they hold favorable or unfavorable views of how each handled his job in office.[http://www.publicpolicypolling.com/main/2011/09/jfk-reagan-clinton-most-popular-recent-ex-presidents.html "JFK, Reagan, Clinton most popular recent ex-presidents"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012034537/http://www.publicpolicypolling.com/main/2011/09/jfk-reagan-clinton-most-popular-recent-ex-presidents.html |date=October 12, 2012 }}. September 15, 2011.

  1. John F. Kennedy (74% favorability/15% unfavorability)
  2. Ronald Reagan (60% favorability/30% unfavorability)
  3. Bill Clinton (62% favorability/34% unfavorability)
  4. George H. W. Bush (53% favorability/35% unfavorability)
  5. Gerald Ford (45% favorability/26% unfavorability)
  6. Jimmy Carter (45% favorability/43% unfavorability)
  7. Lyndon B. Johnson (36% favorability/39% unfavorability)
  8. George W. Bush (41% favorability/51% unfavorability)
  9. Richard Nixon (19% favorability/62% unfavorability)

= Vision Critical/Angus Reid poll =

A Vision Critical/Angus Reid Public Opinion poll taken on February 18–19, 2011, asked 1,010 respondents about 11 former presidents plus the current president and whether each was a good or bad president.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110810020943/http://www.angus-reid.com/polls/43774/kennedy-and-reagan-lead-list-of-good-presidents-for-americans/ "Kennedy and Reagan Lead List of Good Presidents for Americans"]}}. Angus Reid Public Opinion. Retrieved August 22, 2012.

  1. John F. Kennedy (80% approval/6% disapproval)
  2. Ronald Reagan (72% approval/16% disapproval)
  3. Bill Clinton (65% approval/24% disapproval)
  4. Dwight D. Eisenhower (61% approval/6% disapproval)
  5. Harry S. Truman (57% approval/7% disapproval)
  6. Jimmy Carter (47% approval/28% disapproval)
  7. George H. W. Bush (44% approval/38% disapproval)
  8. Barack Obama (41% approval/33% disapproval)
  9. Gerald Ford (37% approval/25% disapproval)
  10. Lyndon B. Johnson (33% approval/27% disapproval)
  11. George W. Bush (30% approval/55% disapproval)
  12. Richard Nixon (24% approval/54% disapproval)

= 2013 Gallup poll =

A Gallup poll taken November 7–10, 2013, asked 1,039 American adults the following question: "How do you think each of the following presidents will go down in history—as an outstanding president, above average, average, below average, or poor?".{{cite web|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/165902/americans-rate-jfk-top-modern-president.aspx|title=Americans Rate JFK as Top Modern President|publisher=Gallup|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801184550/http://www.gallup.com/poll/165902/americans-rate-jfk-top-modern-president.aspx|archive-date=August 1, 2016|df=mdy-all}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"

|+ Gallup poll 2013

scope="col" |President

! scope="col" |Outstanding

! scope="col" |Above average

! scope="col" |Average

! scope="col" |Below average

! scope="col" |Poor

! scope="col" |No opinion

! scope="col" |Weighted averageThe weights were 5 for "Outstanding", 4 for "Above Average", 3 for "Average", 2 for "Below Average" and 1 for "Poor".

scope="row" data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight D." |Dwight D. Eisenhower

|10%

|39%

|36%

|2%

|1%

|12%

|3.63

scope="row" data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F." |John F. Kennedy

|18%

|56%

|19%

|2%

|1%

|4%

|3.92

scope="row" data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon B." |Lyndon B. Johnson

|4%

|16%

|46%

|14%

|8%

|12%

|2.93

scope="row" data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard" |Richard Nixon

|2%

|13%

|27%

|29%

|23%

|6%

|2.38

scope="row" data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald" |Gerald Ford

|2%

|14%

|56%

|15%

|5%

|8%

|2.92

scope="row" data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy" |Jimmy Carter

|4%

|19%

|37%

|20%

|15%

|6%

|2.76

scope="row" data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald" |Ronald Reagan

|19%

|42%

|27%

|6%

|4%

|2%

|3.67

scope="row" data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W." |George H. W. Bush

|3%

|24%

|48%

|12%

|10%

|2%

|2.98

scope="row" data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill" |Bill Clinton

|11%

|44%

|29%

|9%

|6%

|1%

|3.45

scope="row" data-sort-value="Bush, George W." |George W. Bush

|3%

|18%

|36%

|20%

|23%

|1%

|2.58

scope="row" data-sort-value="Obama, Barack" |Barack Obama

|6%

|22%

|31%

|18%

|22%

|1%

|2.72

= 2014 Quinnipiac poll =

A Quinnipiac University poll taken June 24–30, 2014, asked 1,446 American registered voters who they believed were the best and worst presidents since World War II.{{cite web|url=http://www.quinnipiac.edu/news-and-events/quinnipiac-university-poll/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2056|title=National (US) Poll – July 2, 2014 – Obama Is First as Worst President Since WWII, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; More Voters Say Romney Would Have Been Better|publisher=Quinnipiac University|access-date=July 3, 2014|archive-date=July 3, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703073437/http://www.quinnipiac.edu/news-and-events/quinnipiac-university-poll/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2056|url-status=live}}

{{inline block |style=margin:0 1em; |

Best president since World War II:

{{ordered list

| Ronald Reagan (35%)

| Bill Clinton (18%)

| John F. Kennedy (15%)

| Barack Obama (8%)

| Dwight Eisenhower (5%)

| Harry S. Truman (4%)

| Lyndon B. Johnson (tie) (3%)

| George H. W. Bush (tie) (3%) |item8_value=7

| Jimmy Carter (2%) |item9_value=9

| Richard Nixon (tie) (1%)

| Gerald Ford (tie) (1%) |item11_value=10

| George W. Bush (tie) (1%) |item12_value=10

}}

|div}}

{{inline block|style=margin:0 1em;|

Worst president since World War II:

{{ordered list

| Barack Obama (33%)

| George W. Bush (28%)

| Richard Nixon (13%)

| Jimmy Carter (8%)

| Lyndon B. Johnson (tie) (3%)

| Ronald Reagan (tie) (3%) |item6_value=5

| Bill Clinton (tie) (3%) |item7_value=5

| Gerald Ford (tie) (2%) |item8_value=8

| George H. W. Bush (tie) (2%) |item9_value=8

| Dwight Eisenhower (1%) |item10_value=10

| Harry S. Truman (tie) (<1%)

| John F. Kennedy (tie) (<1%) |item12_value=11

}}

|div}}

= 2017 Quinnipiac poll =

Two and a half years later, a Quinnipiac University poll taken January 20–25, 2017, asked 1,190 American voters who they believed were the best and worst presidents since World War II.{{cite web|url=https://poll.qu.edu/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2420|title=Trump Starts In The Hole As U.S. Voters Disapprove, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; Reagan, Obama Are Best Presidents In 70 Years|publisher=Quinnipiac University|access-date=January 27, 2017|archive-date=January 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126192518/https://poll.qu.edu/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2420|url-status=live}}

{{inline block |style=margin:0 1em; |

Best president since World War II:

{{ordered list

| Ronald Reagan (30%)

| Barack Obama (29%)

| John F. Kennedy (12%)

| Bill Clinton (9%)

| Dwight Eisenhower (tie) (3%)

| George W. Bush (tie) (3%) |item6_value=5

| Harry S. Truman (tie) (2%) |item7_value=7

| Lyndon B. Johnson (tie) (2%) |item8_value=7

| Jimmy Carter (tie) (2%) |item9_value=7

| George H. W. Bush (tie) (2%) |item10_value=7

| Richard Nixon (tie) (<1%) |item11_value=11

| Gerald R. Ford (tie) (<1%) |item12_value=11

}}

|div}}

{{inline block |style=margin:0 1em; |

Worst president since World War II:

{{ordered list

| Richard Nixon (24%)

| Barack Obama (23%)

| George W. Bush (22%)

| Jimmy Carter (10%)

| Ronald Reagan (5%)

| Bill Clinton (4%)

| Lyndon B. Johnson (3%)

| George H. W. Bush (2%)

| Gerald R. Ford (1%)

| Harry S. Truman (tie) (<1%)

| Dwight Eisenhower (tie) (<1%) |item11_value=10

| John F. Kennedy (tie) (<1%) |item12_value=10

}}

|div}}

= 2017 Morning Consult poll =

Including President Donald Trump for the first time, a Morning Consult poll taken February 9–10, 2017, asked 1,791 American registered voters who they believed were the best and worst presidents since World War II.{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/f/?id=0000015a-418e-d93a-ad7e-dfded64d0002|title=Morning Consult National Tracking Poll February 09–10,2017|work=Politico|access-date=October 18, 2017|archive-date=February 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216131218/http://www.politico.com/f/?id=0000015a-418e-d93a-ad7e-dfded64d0002|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://morningconsult.com/2017/02/15/poll-trump-obama-americas-worst-presidents-since-world-war-ii/|title=Poll: Trump and Obama Are America's Worst Presidents Since World War II|last=Easley|publisher=Morning Consult|date=2017-02-15|access-date=October 18, 2017|archive-date=October 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019055213/https://morningconsult.com/2017/02/15/poll-trump-obama-americas-worst-presidents-since-world-war-ii/|url-status=live}}

{{inline block |style=margin:0 1em; |

Best president since World War II:

{{ordered list| item13_style=list-style-type:none;

| Ronald Reagan (26%)

| Barack Obama (20%)

| John F. Kennedy (17%)

| Bill Clinton (9%)

| Donald Trump (6%)

| George W. Bush (tie) (2%)

| Harry S. Truman (tie) (2%) |item7_value=6

| Jimmy Carter (tie) (2%) |item8_value=6

| George H. W. Bush (tie) (2%) |item9_value=6

| Richard Nixon (tie) (1%) |item10_value=10

| Lyndon B. Johnson (tie) (1%) |item11_value=10

| Gerald R. Ford (<1%) |item12_value=12

| {{Figure space}}

}}

|div}}

{{inline block |style=margin:0 1em; |

Worst president since World War II:

{{ordered list

| Donald Trump (26%)

| Barack Obama (25%)

| Richard Nixon (13%)

| George W. Bush (7%)

| Bill Clinton (6%)

| Jimmy Carter (5%)

| George H. W. Bush (3%)

| Lyndon B. Johnson (2%)

| Ronald Reagan (tie) (1%)

| Gerald R. Ford (tie) (1%) |item10_value=9

| Dwight D. Eisenhower (tie) (1%) |item11_value=9

| Harry S. Truman (tie) (1%) |item12_value=9

| John F. Kennedy (<1%) |item13_value=13

}}

|div}}

= 2018 Quinnipiac poll =

A Quinnipiac University poll taken March 3–5, 2018, asked 1,122 American voters who they believed were the best and worst presidents since World War II.{{cite web|url=https://poll.qu.edu/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2526|title=QU Poll Release Detail|publisher=Quinnipiac University|date=March 7, 2018|access-date=March 10, 2018|archive-date=November 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104184734/https://poll.qu.edu/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2526|url-status=live}}

{{inline block |style=margin:0 1em; |

Best president since World War II:

{{ordered list

| Ronald Reagan (28%)

| Barack Obama (24%)

| John F. Kennedy (tie) (10%)

| Bill Clinton (tie) (10%) |item4_value=3

| Donald Trump (7%) |item5_value=5

| Dwight Eisenhower (4%)

| Harry S. Truman (tie) (3%)

| Jimmy Carter (tie) (3%) |item8_value=7

| Lyndon B. Johnson (2%) |item9_value=9

| George H. W. Bush (tie) (1%)

| Richard Nixon (tie) (1%) |item11_value=10

| George W. Bush (tie) (1%) |item12_value=10

| Gerald R. Ford (<1%) |item13_value=13

}}

|div}}

{{inline block |style=margin:0 1em; |

Worst president since World War II:

{{ordered list

| Donald Trump (41%)

| Barack Obama (21%)

| Richard Nixon (10%)

| Jimmy Carter (8%)

| George W. Bush (6%)

| Bill Clinton (4%)

| Lyndon B. Johnson (tie) (2%)

| Ronald Reagan (tie) (2%) |item8_value=7

| Gerald R. Ford (1%) |item9_value=9

| Harry S. Truman (tie) (<1%)

| Dwight Eisenhower (tie) (<1%) |item11_value=10

| John F. Kennedy (tie) (<1%) |item12_value=10

| George H. W. Bush (tie) (<1%) |item13_value=10

}}

|div}}

= 2021 Gallup poll =

A Gallup poll taken January 4–15, 2021, asked 1,023 American adults the following question: "How do you think each of the following presidents will go down in history—as an outstanding president, above average, average, below average, or poor?"{{cite web |last1=Jones |first1=Jeffrey |title=Americans Expect History to Judge Trump Harshly |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/328670/americans-expect-history-judge-trump-harshly.aspx |website=Gallup |date=January 19, 2021 |access-date=20 January 2021 |archive-date=January 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119203641/https://news.gallup.com/poll/328670/americans-expect-history-judge-trump-harshly.aspx |url-status=live }}

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ Gallup poll 2021

PresidentOutstandingAbove averageAverageBelow averagePoorWeighted average
John F. Kennedy23%47%25%2%1%3.83
Richard Nixon4%7%26%29%30%2.14
Jimmy Carter6%21%43%14%10%2.81
Ronald Reagan17%35%30%10%6%3.41
George H. W. Bush7%21%53%11%6%3.06
Bill Clinton10%26%37%16%11%3.08
George W. Bush6%18%49%16%10%2.91
Barack Obama21%35%22%11%12%3.45
Donald Trump9%20%10%14%47%2.30

= 2024 Gallup poll =

A Gallup poll taken December 2–18, 2024, asked the following question: "How do you think each of the following presidents will go down in history—as an outstanding president, above average, average, below average, or poor?"{{cite web |last1=Jones |first1=Jeffrey |title=Americans Think History Will Rate Biden Presidency Negatively |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/654878/americans-think-history-rate-biden-presidency-negatively.aspx |website=Gallup |date=January 7, 2025 |publisher=Gallup News |access-date=20 January 2025}}

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ Gallup poll 2024

PresidentOutstandingAbove averageAverageBelow averagePoor
John F. Kennedy22%48%24%1%1%
Richard Nixon4%8%28%24%30%
Jimmy Carter10%22%36%11%15%
Ronald Reagan22%32%27%7%9%
George H. W. Bush7%21%48%13%8%
Bill Clinton7%27%36%15%14%
George W. Bush5%19%42%18%15%
Barack Obama19%29%25%11%16%
Donald Trump17%23%16%13%31%
Joe Biden6%13%26%17%37%

Memorability of the presidents

= 2014 Roediger and DeSoto Survey =

In November 2014, Henry L. Roediger III and K. Andrew DeSoto published a study in the journal Science asking research subjects to name as many presidents as possible.{{citation|last1=Roediger|first1=Henry L.|author1-link=Henry L. Roediger III|last2=DeSoto|first2=K. Andrew|title=Forgetting the Presidents|journal=Science|volume=346|issue=6213|pages=1106–1109|date=November 28, 2014|doi=10.1126/science.1259627|pmid=25430768|bibcode=2014Sci...346.1106R|s2cid=6951497}}{{cite news|last=Carey|first=Benedict|title=Study on Cultural Memory Confirms: Chester A. Arthur, We Hardly Knew Ye|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/28/science/study-details-presidents-paths-from-power-to-dusty-corner-of-cultural-memory.html|access-date=September 11, 2015|work=The New York Times|date=November 27, 2014|archive-date=October 27, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151027091724/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/28/science/study-details-presidents-paths-from-power-to-dusty-corner-of-cultural-memory.html|url-status=live}} They reported data from three generations as well as from an online survey conducted {{as of|2014|alt=in 2014}}. The percentage of participants in the online survey sample who could name each president was the following:

{{div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. Barack Obama (100%)
  2. Bill Clinton (96%)
  3. George W. Bush or George H. W. Bush (95%)
  4. George Washington (94%)
  5. Abraham Lincoln (88%)
  6. John F. Kennedy (83%)
  7. Richard Nixon (82%)
  8. Jimmy Carter (79%)
  9. Thomas Jefferson (72%)
  10. Ronald Reagan (66%)
  11. Gerald Ford (62%)
  12. Franklin D. Roosevelt or Theodore Roosevelt (60%)
  13. John Adams or John Quincy Adams (56%)
  14. Dwight D. Eisenhower (54%)
  15. Harry S. Truman (50%)
  16. Andrew Jackson (47%)
  17. Herbert Hoover (42%)
  18. Andrew Johnson or Lyndon B. Johnson (41%)
  19. William Howard Taft (39%)
  20. James Madison (38%)
  21. Ulysses S. Grant (38%)
  22. James Monroe (30%)
  23. Woodrow Wilson (29%)
  24. Calvin Coolidge (22%)
  25. James A. Garfield (19%)
  26. James K. Polk (17%)
  27. Warren G. Harding (16%)
  28. William McKinley (15%)
  29. John Tyler (12%)
  30. James Buchanan (12%)
  31. Grover Cleveland (11%)
  32. William Henry Harrison or Benjamin Harrison (11%)
  33. Martin Van Buren (11%)
  34. Rutherford B. Hayes (10%)
  35. Zachary Taylor (10%)
  36. Millard Fillmore (8%)
  37. Franklin Pierce (7%)
  38. Chester A. Arthur (7%)

{{div col end}}

= 2021 Putnam Survey =

In July 2021, a survey was taken on the memorability of U.S. presidents by name and facial recognition.{{Cite journal |last1=Putnam |first1=Adam L. |last2=Drake |first2=Sarah Madison |last3=Wang |first3=Serene Y. |last4=DeSoto |first4=K. Andrew |date=2021-07-26 |title=Collective memory for American leaders: Measuring recognition for the names and faces of the US presidents |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=16 |issue=7 |pages=e0255209 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0255209 |doi-access=free |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=8313295 |pmid=34311467|bibcode=2021PLoSO..1655209P }} The rate of memorability for the name recognition survey was:

{{div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. Bill Clinton (98%)
  2. Barack Obama (98%)
  3. George W. Bush (96%)
  4. Abraham Lincoln (95%)
  5. Ronald Reagan (94%)
  6. George Washington (93%)
  7. Richard Nixon (92%)
  8. George H.W. Bush (90%)
  9. John F. Kennedy (88%)
  10. Jimmy Carter (83%)
  11. Lyndon B. Johnson (82%)
  12. Thomas Jefferson (77%)
  13. William Howard Taft (77%)
  14. Teddy Roosevelt (75%)
  15. Dwight D. Eisenhower (74%)
  16. Harry S. Truman (73%)
  17. Andrew Jackson (65%)
  18. Franklin D. Roosevelt (59%)
  19. James Madison (55%)
  20. Grover Cleveland (53%)
  21. Benjamin Harrison (53%)
  22. Martin Van Buren (52%)
  23. Gerald Ford (52%)
  24. James A. Garfield (50%)
  25. Woodrow Wilson (50%)
  26. William Henry Harrison (48%)
  27. John Quincy Adams (48%)
  28. Rutherford B. Hayes (47%)
  29. Herbert Hoover (46%)
  30. John Adams (44%)
  31. James K. Polk (43%)
  32. Franklin Pierce (42%)
  33. Chester A. Arthur (42%)
  34. Ulysses S. Grant (37%)
  35. John Tyler (36%)
  36. William McKinley (35%)
  37. Millard Fillmore (31%)
  38. Warren G. Harding (31%)
  39. Zachary Taylor (28%)
  40. James Monroe (26%)
  41. Andrew Johnson (24%)
  42. Calvin Coolidge (21%)
  43. James Buchanan (18%)

{{div col end}}

Reception

Gerard Baker, US editor for The Times, writes, "the 42 American presidents fall into a well-established, bell-curve or normal distribution on a chart – a handful of outstanding ones, a handful of duds, and a lot of so-sos. I couldn't, in all honesty therefore, really say that number 13 on the list is that much better than number 30."{{Cite news |last1=Hines |first1=Nico |last2=Griffin |first2=Jeremy |date=28 October 2008 |title=Who's the greatest? The Times US presidential rankings |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/whos-the-greatest-the-times-us-presidential-rankings-g6qv750mq3r |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730015509/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/whos-the-greatest-the-times-us-presidential-rankings-g6qv750mq3r |archive-date=July 30, 2021 |access-date=2022-03-17 |work=The Times |language=en |issn=0140-0460}}

Political scientist Walter Dean Burnham described "dichotomous or schizoid profiles" of presidents, making some hard to classify in his opinion. Historian Alan Brinkley said "there are presidents who could be considered both failures and great or near great (for example, Wilson, Johnson, Nixon)". Historian and political scientist James MacGregor Burns observed of Nixon: "How can one evaluate such an idiosyncratic president, so brilliant and so morally lacking?"Skidmore. 2001. p. 496-497

David Herbert Donald, noted biographer of Abraham Lincoln, relates that when he met John F. Kennedy in 1961, Kennedy voiced his deep dissatisfaction and resentment with historians who had rated some of his predecessors. Kennedy remarked, "No one has a right to grade a president—even poor James Buchanan—who has not sat in his chair, examined the mail and information that came across his desk, and learned why he made his decisions."Donald, David H. Lincoln. 1995. p. 13. Historian and political scientist Julian E. Zelizer has argued that traditional presidential rankings explain little concerning actual presidential history and that they are "weak mechanisms for evaluating what has taken place in the White House."Zelizer, Julian E. (February 21, 2011). [http://edition.cnn.com/2011/OPINION/02/21/zelizer.presidential.rankings/ Opinion: "What's wrong with presidential rankings"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208205253/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/OPINION/02/21/zelizer.presidential.rankings/|date=December 8, 2015}}. CNN Opinion. The broadly static nature of the rankings over multiple decades has also been called into question{{Who|date=February 2024}}, particularly given the frequent exposure of previously unknown material about American government.{{cite news |last=Mengisen |first=Annika |date=October 31, 2008 |title=The Presidents Ranked and Graded: A Q&A With the Author of The Leaders We Deserved |url=https://freakonomics.com/2008/10/31/the-presidents-ranked-and-graded-a-qa-with-the-author-of-the-leaders-we-deserved/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415065654/https://freakonomics.com/2008/10/31/the-presidents-ranked-and-graded-a-qa-with-the-author-of-the-leaders-we-deserved/ |archive-date=April 15, 2020 |access-date=April 3, 2020 |publisher=Freakonomics.com}}{{Failed verification|date=February 2024}}{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

The first British survey, published in 2011, places some small government advocates higher than recent US surveys have: Thomas Jefferson at 4, Ronald Reagan at 8, and Andrew Jackson at 9 (compare 7, 10 and 13 in C-SPAN 2009).

= Survey takers =

In 2002, Ron Walters, former director of the University of Maryland's African American Leadership Institute, stated that ranking based on the presidents' ability to balance the interests of the majority and those of excluded groups was practical in respect to American debate on racial politics. Presidents have traditionally been ranked on personal qualities and their leadership ability to solve problems that move the nation in a positive direction. Walters stated that there was a qualitative difference between presidential evaluations from white and African-American intellectuals. He gives as an example of this difference a comparison between two contemporary studies, a 1996 New York Times poll by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., where 31 white historians and one black historian ranked presidents as "Great", "Near Great", "High Average", "Average", "Below Average", or "Failure", and a survey performed by professors Hanes Walton Jr. and Robert Smith and featured in their book American Politics and the African American Quest for Universal Freedom, where 44 African-American political scientists and historians ranked presidents as "White Supremacist", "Racist", "Racially Neutral", "Racially Ambivalent", or "Antiracist".Walters, Ronald (July 8, 2002).[http://hnn.us/articles/450.html "Presidency: How Do African-American Scholars Rank Presidents?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312045159/http://hnn.us/articles/450.html|date=March 12, 2012}}. History News Network.

A 2012 analysis by Mark Zachary Taylor faulted presidential surveys with "partisan bias and subjective judgments", suggesting an algorithm to rank of the presidents based on objectively measurable economic statistics. His algorithm placed Franklin Roosevelt as the best president for the economy, followed by Harding, Hayes and McKinley tied for second. The worst-ranked presidents were Hoover and Van Buren, tied.{{Cite journal |last=Taylor |first=Mark Zachary |date=October 2012 |title=An Economic Ranking of the US Presidents, 1789–2009: A Data-Based Approach |journal=PS: Political Science and Politics |volume=45 |pages=596–604 |doi=10.1017/S1049096512000698 |jstor=41691393 |s2cid=154631454 |number=4}}

Alvin S. Felzenberg has criticized what he sees as a liberal bias in presidential rankings. In particular, he ranks Ronald Reagan in third place, substantially higher than averaged rankings. In reviewing his 2010 book, Michael Genovese says, "Felzenberg is upset—with some justification—at the liberal bias he sees as so prevalent in the ranking of U.S. presidents by historians and political scientists. To remedy this, he has provided a counter to the liberal bias with a conservative bias. In doing so, he commits all the sins of which he accuses liberals. This book is a mirror image of the work he finds so troubling....It is unscientific, impressionistic, and highly subjective."Michael Genovese (2010) "The Leaders We Deserved (And a Few We Didn't): Rethinking the Presidential Rating Game." Presidential Studies Quarterly 40.4: 799–800.

See also

{{Portal|History|Politics|United States}}

Individual presidents

Other countries

References

{{reflist}}{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

Further reading

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite book |last=Bailey |first=Thomas A. |author-link=Thomas A. Bailey |url=https://archive.org/details/presidentialgrea0000bail |title=Presidential Greatness: The Image and the Man from George Washington to the Present |publisher=Appleton-Century |year=1966 |location=New York |url-access=registration}} → A non-quantitative appraisal by leading historian.
  • {{cite book |last=Murray |first=Robert K. |title=Greatness in the White House: Rating the Presidents, from Washington Through Ronald Reagan |author2=Blessing, Tim H. |publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0271010892 |edition=2., updated |location=University Park, PA}}
  • {{cite journal |last=Nichols |first=Curt |year=2012 |title=The Presidential Ranking Game: Critical Review and Some New Discoveries |journal=Presidential Studies Quarterly |volume=42 |issue=2 |pages=275–299 |doi=10.1111/j.1741-5705.2012.03966.x |issn=0360-4918}}
  • {{cite journal |last=Pfiffner |first=James P. |year=2003 |title=Ranking the Presidents: Continuity and Volatility |url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA109025096&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=15354768&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7Ec6e21e99&aty=open-web-entry |journal=White House Studies |volume=3 |page=23 |issn=1535-4768 |publisher=Nova Science Publishers}}

{{refend}}

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United States

Category:Historical reputations of presidents of the United States

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Category:United States presidential history