History of Qantas#Company heads

File:Portion of Qantas fleet c. 1930 SLNSW FL521295.jpg

Qantas was founded in Winton, Queensland on 16 November 1920 as Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited{{cite web| title =Small Beginnings| work=Our Company| publisher=Qantas| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details2| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009061143/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details2 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} by Paul McGinness and Hudson Fysh. Fergus McMaster joined them as chairman, as did Arthur Baird to take care of aircraft maintenance. McGinness left QANTAS for other interests in 1922, and Hudson Fysh remained with the company as General Manager & Managing Director. He retired as Sir Hudson Fysh KBE DFC, Chairman of QANTAS in 1966.{{Citation |last=Percival |first=J. |title=Sir Wilmot Hudson Fysh (1895–1974) |url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fysh-sir-wilmot-hudson-6263 |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography |access-date=2023-11-08 |place=Canberra |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |language=en}}

The airline's first aircraft was an Avro 504K purchased for £1425. The aircraft had a cruising speed of {{convert|105|km/h|mph}} and carried one pilot and two passengers.{{cite web| title =The Plane, the Place and the Passenger| work=Our Company| publisher=Qantas | url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details4| access-date = 17 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009060318/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details4 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} On 2 November 1922, eighty-four-year-old outback pioneer Alexander Kennedy became the first passenger on the first scheduled service (piloted by Hudson Fysh) receiving ticket number one for a flight from Longreach to Cloncurry.{{cite web|title=2 November 1922 – This Day in Aviation|url=http://www.thisdayinaviation.com/3-november-1922/|website=This Day in Aviation|access-date=12 May 2016|language=en-US|date=2 November 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105032237/http://www.thisdayinaviation.com/3-november-1922/|archive-date=5 November 2015}} The airline operated air mail services subsidised by the Australian government, linking railheads in western Queensland.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

Between 1926 and 1928, Qantas built seven de Havilland DH.50s and a single DH.9 under licence in its Longreach hangar.{{cite web| title =The Formative Years| work=Our Company| publisher=Qantas| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details5| access-date = 17 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009061156/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details5 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} In 1928 a chartered Qantas aircraft made the inaugural flight of the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia, departing from Cloncurry.{{cite web| title =The Flying Doctor Service| work=Our Company| publisher=Qantas| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details6| access-date = 17 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009061218/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details6 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}}

{{Rail freight

|title=Revenue Passenger Kilometers, scheduled flights only, in millions

|1950|142

|1955|434

|1960|1124

|1965|2471

|1971|4208

|1975|10142

|1980|15769

|1985|17304

|1995|51870

|2000|63495

|source=ICAO Digest of Statistics to 1960, IATA World Air Transport Statistics 1965-2000

}}

In 1934, QANTAS Limited and Britain's Imperial Airways (a forerunner of British Airways) formed a new company, Qantas Empire Airways Limited (QEA). Each partner held 49%, with two per cent in the hands of an independent arbitrator.{{cite web

| title =The Move to Brisbane

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details7

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009060646/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details7 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} The new airline commenced operations in December 1934 flying between Brisbane and Darwin using obsolescent DH.50 and de Havilland DH.61 biplanes.{{cite web|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/qantas-airways-ltd-history/|title=Qantas Airways Ltd. History|publisher=Funding Universe|access-date=24 November 2020|archive-date=22 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922195021/http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/qantas-airways-ltd-history/|url-status=live}}

QEA flew internationally from May 1935, when the service from Darwin was extended to Singapore using newer de Havilland DH.86s. Imperial Airways operated the rest of the service through to London. In July 1938 this operation was replaced by a thrice-weekly flying boat service using Short S.23 Empire flying boats. The Sydney to Southampton service took nine days, with passengers staying in hotels overnight.{{cite web

| title =Venturing Overseas

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details8

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009060355/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details8 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} For the single year of peace that the service operated, it was profitable and 94% of services were on time. After Italy entered the war in June 1940, this became the Horseshoe Route between Sydney and Durban in South Africa with South Africa – UK stage being by the sea. This service was a vital line of communication between Australia and the United Kingdom and lasted until Singapore fell in February 1942. Enemy action and accidents destroyed half of the fleet of ten when most of the fleet was taken over by the Australian government for war service.{{cite web

| title =The World at War

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details10

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009060532/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details10 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}}

Flying boat services were resumed with American-built Consolidated PBY Catalinas on 10 July 1943, with flights between Swan River, Perth and Koggala lake in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) in a service that was named "The Double Sunrise". This linked up with the British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC, the successor airline to Imperial Airways) service to London, maintaining the vital communications link with England. The 5,652 km non-stop sector was the longest flown up to that time by any airline, with an average flying time of 28 hours. Passengers received a certificate of membership to The Rare and Secret Order of the Double Sunrise as the sun rose twice during the westbound portion of the route.{{cite web|title=The Rise of Civil Aviation to 1970 |work=National Stories |publisher=Australian Heritage Commission |url=http://www.ahc.gov.au/publications/national-stories/transport/chapter8.html |access-date=7 January 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061206065231/http://www.ahc.gov.au/publications/national-stories/transport/chapter8.html |archive-date=6 December 2006 }}{{cite web

|author = Roger Thiedeman

|title = Koggala, Catalinas, and the double sunrise

|work = The Sunday Times

|location = Colombo, Sri Lanka

|date = 27 February 2007

|url = http://sundaytimes.lk/000227/plus6.html

|access-date = 15 February 2009

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090410000329/http://www.sundaytimes.lk/000227/plus6.html

|archive-date = 10 April 2009

|df = dmy-all

}}

In 1944 the Catalinas were augmented by conventional Consolidated B-24 Liberators, flying from Ratmalana via RAF Minneriya for refueling and then across the ocean to Learmonth. Later, Avro Lancastrians were flown on the route. They flew from Sydney to Gawler, stopping in Adelaide for refuelling, and on to Learmonth for the overnight stage. On the next leg of the trip, they flew to Ratmalana, where the aircraft refuelled, then on to Karachi, where BOAC crews took over for the final segment of the journey to the UK. The lengthening of the runway at Ratmalana enabled the diversion to Minneria to be eliminated, and soon Ratmalana was replaced by RAF Negombo. The service was renamed the Kangaroo Service and the passenger award became The Order of the Longest Hop. It was on this route that the Kangaroo logo was first used. After the war, the return trip could also go from Colombo to Cocos Islands, then to Perth on to Sydney. These flights continued until 5 April 1946.{{cite web

|title = Australia/Asia/Europe during World War II

|work = Air Routes

|publisher = Petan.net

|url = http://www.petan.net/aviation/AirRoute/aust_asia_europe.htm

|access-date = 15 February 2009

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090107090023/http://www.petan.net/aviation/AirRoute/aust_asia_europe.htm

|archive-date = 7 January 2009

|df = dmy-all

}}{{cite web

|title = Indian Ocean – New Guinea – Kangaroo Service – 1950–1946

|work = Archive

|publisher = Flight Global website

|url = http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1950/1950%20-%201946.html

|access-date = 15 February 2009

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120314054323/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1950/1950%20-%201946.html

|archive-date = 14 March 2012

|df = dmy-all

}}

File:Qantas Replica Mascot Airport.JPG|Avro 504K replica on display in Qantas' Sydney Airport domestic terminal

File:First Qantas flight 1922 SLNSW FL8579187.jpg|Arrival at Longreach of the Armstrong Whitworth FK8 with the first bag of airmail on the inaugural flight of the first Qantas air service from Charleville to Cloncurry, 22 November 1922

File:De Havilland DH.50J VH-ULG Hippomenes of Qantas at Longreach.jpg|Qantas-manufactured de Havilland DH.50J, circa 1928

File:Short S-23.jpg|Qantas Short S.23 Empire flying boat

File:Mornington Island Parachute Mail.jpg|A vignette for affixing to mail for the 1943 Christmas parachute drop to Mornington Island Mission

File:Lockheed L1049 VH-EAK Qantas LAP 04.06.55 edited-2.jpg arriving at London Heathrow from Sydney in 1955]]

In 1947, QEA was nationalised, with the Australian Labor government led by Prime Minister Ben Chifley buying the shares owned by BOAC, followed by those of QANTAS Limited. Nationalised airlines were normal at the time, and the Qantas board encouraged this move. After the completion of the buyout, QANTAS Limited was wound up and liquidated to shareholders.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

Shortly after nationalisation, QEA began its first services outside the British Empire-to Tokyo via Darwin and Manila with Avro Lancastrian aircraft.{{cite web

| title =Post War Expansion

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details12

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009061308/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details12 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} These aircraft were also deployed between Sydney and London in co-operation with BOAC, but were soon replaced by Douglas DC-4s. Services to Hong Kong began in 1949 as well.

In 1947 the airline took delivery of Lockheed L-749 Constellations and these took over the trunk route to London. Flying boats again entered the fleet from 1950, when the first of five Short Sandringham aircraft entered service for flights between the Rose Bay flying boat base on Sydney Harbour and destinations in New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Fiji, New Guinea (dubbed the "Bird of Paradise" route) and Lord Howe Island.{{cite web | title =Australian Short Flying Boat Register | publisher =Aussie Airliners | url =http://www.aussieairliners.org/shortfb/shortfbregister.html | access-date =20 April 2013 | url-status =live | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20131030002019/http://www.aussieairliners.org/shortfb/shortfbregister.html | archive-date =30 October 2013 | df =dmy-all }}

In 1952 Qantas expanded services across the Indian Ocean to Johannesburg via Melbourne, Perth, the Cocos Islands, Réunion and Mauritius, calling this the Wallaby Route.{{Citation |title=Qantas celebrates 60 years of flying to South Africa |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyknaFqiecU |access-date=2023-04-24 |language=en |archive-date=21 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321102724/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyknaFqiecU&feature=youtu.be |url-status=live }}{{Cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xQ8nAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA78 |title=Flight: The Aircraft Engineer |date=1952 |publisher=IPC Transport Press Limited |pages=78 |language=en |chapter=Indian Ocean Route – Qantas to Fly Direct Australia{{!}}South Africa Services: Cocos Base Re-constructed}} Around this time, the British Government pressured Qantas to purchase the de Havilland Comet jet airliner, but Hudson Fysh was dubious about the economics of the aircraft and successfully resisted this. The network expanded across the Pacific to Vancouver via Auckland, Nadi, Honolulu and San Francisco in early 1954 when it took over the Southern Cross Route of British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines (BCPA). The first of the airline's Lockheed 1049 Super Constellations was delivered in early 1954.

In January 1958 Qantas became the second round-the-world airline, flying Super Constellations west from Australia to London through Asia and the Middle East on the Kangaroo route, and east to London on the Southern Cross route.{{cite web

| title =Constellations Span the World

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details13

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009061320/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details13 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} At their inaugural flight on 14 January, Super Constellation VH-EAO flew eastbound, while its counterpart VH-EAP flew westbound. They both reached London and then returned in Sydney on 20 January.{{Cite journal |last1=Allen |first1=Eric |last2=Frame |first2=Chris |date=November 2020 |title=100 Years of Qantas |journal=Australian Aviation |issue=379 |page=32}} Later, a Lockheed Electra aircraft inaugurated flights to New Zealand in 1961.

In September 1956 Qantas ordered the Boeing 707-138 jet airliner and the first was delivered in June 1959.{{Cite book | last= Wilson | first = Stewart | title = Boeing 707 Douglas DC-8 & Vickers VC10 | publisher=Aerospace Publications | year = 1998| location = ACT, Australia | page = 185 | isbn = 978-1-875671-36-6}} This order made the airline the first customer for the type outside the US.{{Rp|53}} The special shortened version for Qantas was the original version Boeing offered to airlines. Boeing lengthened the aircraft by ten feet for all other customers, which destroyed the economics for Qantas Pacific routes. The airline successfully negotiated with Boeing to have the aircraft for which it had originally contracted.{{cite web

|title = Qantas and the 707

|work = VH-JET#1 & Her Sisters

|publisher = Ron Cuskelly

|author = Dr Ron Yates

|url = http://www.adastron.com/707/qantas/707-development.htm

|access-date = 14 May 2007

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928001942/http://www.adastron.com/707/qantas/707-development.htm

|archive-date = 28 September 2007

|df = dmy-all

}} This order was later followed up by another purchase by Qantas of the same variant. In March 1960 the airline ordered six of the turbofan derivative, Boeing 707-138B, with delivery scheduled for the following year.{{Rp|64}}

File:Boeing 707 Qantas (VH-XBA).jpg was restored in the UK in the middle of the first decade of the 21st century and flown to Australia to be put on display in a museum]]

The first jet aircraft on the Australian register (and the 29th 707 built) was registered VH-EBA and named City of Canberra. This aircraft returned to Australia as VH-XBA{{cite web

|title = Why VH-XBA?

|publisher = Qantas Foundation Memorial Ltd

|date = 8 October 2006

|url = http://www.707.adastron.com/qantas/why-xba.htm

|access-date = 13 June 2007

|url-status = dead

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070717043850/http://www.707.adastron.com/qantas/why-xba.htm

|archive-date = 17 July 2007

|df = dmy-all

}} in December 2006 for display in the Qantas Founders Outback Museum at Longreach, Queensland.

{{cite web

| title =Historic First Qantas Jet to Return to Australia

| publisher =Qantas

| date =9 October 2006

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2006/oct06/3489

| access-date =20 December 2006

| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070205031824/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2006%2Foct06%2F3489

| archive-date =5 February 2007

| url-status =live

| df =dmy-all

}}

The Boeing 707-138 was a shorter version of the Boeing 707 that was ordered only by Qantas. The first Qantas jet service was on 29 July 1959 from Sydney to San Francisco via Nadi and Honolulu. On 5 September 1959 Qantas became the third airline to fly jets across the North Atlantic, after BOAC and Pan Am, operating between London and New York as part of the service from Sydney.{{cite web

|title = 707 Chronology

|publisher = VH-Jet#1 & her sisters

|url = http://www.adastron.com/707/history/707-chron.htm

|access-date = 20 December 2006

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928001934/http://www.adastron.com/707/history/707-chron.htm

|archive-date = 28 September 2007

|df = dmy-all

}} All of the turbojet aircraft were converted to upgraded turbofan engines in 1961 and were rebranded as V-Jets from the Latin vannus meaning fan.{{cite book |last=Gunn |first=John |title=High Corridors: Qantas, 1954–1970 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CkrYeQcU6K4C |access-date=22 July 2007 |publisher=University of Queensland Press |location=Saint Lucia, Queensland |isbn=978-0-7022-2128-6 |page=226 |chapter=This Remarkable Position 1961 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CkrYeQcU6K4C |year=1988 |archive-date=10 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140210134747/http://books.google.com/books?id=CkrYeQcU6K4C |url-status=live }} While jets superseded Super Constellations on the Kangaroo and Southern Cross services, they remained flying on the Wallaby Route.

Air travel grew substantially in the early 1960s, so Qantas ordered the larger Boeing 707-338C series of aircraft. While waiting for these to be delivered, Qantas operated six deHavilland Comet 4 aircraft wet-leased from BOAC between 7 November 1959 to 30 May 1963. The aircraft were crewed by BOAC flight and cabin crew and featured Qantas titles on the fuselage in place of the BOAC titles.{{cite web |url=http://www.aussieairliners.org/dh%20comet/austcometregister.htm |title=de Havilland DH-106 Comet 4 Register |access-date=9 April 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029230147/http://www.aussieairliners.org/dh%20comet/austcometregister.htm |archive-date=29 October 2013 }} In 1966 the airline diversified its business by opening the 450-room Wentworth Hotel in Sydney. The same year, Qantas placed early options on the new Concorde airliner but the orders were eventually cancelled. Also in 1966, the Fiesta route opened from Sydney to London via Fiji, Tahiti, Mexico City, Acapulco, Nassau and Bermuda. In September 1965 Qantas launched the first V-Jet service on the Kangaroo Route, via Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

In 1967 the airline placed orders for the Boeing 747. This aircraft could seat up to 350 passengers, a major improvement over the Boeing 707. Orders were placed for four aircraft with deliveries commencing in 1971. The later delivery date allowed Qantas to take advantage of the −200B version, which better suited its requirements. Also in 1967, Qantas Empire Airways changed its name to Qantas Airways, the name of the airline today.{{cite web

| title =The Jumbo Jet

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details15

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061201212133/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details15 |archive-date = 1 December 2006}} From late 1968 Qantas technical representatives worked at Everett, WA, with Boeing to customise the 747 to its needs, which resulted in the updated 747B model. One of the changes included the extension of upper deck by 20 inches to allow for ten windows each side instead of three fitted on the original version.{{Cite journal |last1=Allen |first1=Eric |last2=Frame |first2=Chris |date=November 2020 |title=100 Years of Qantas |journal=Australian Aviation |issue=379 |page=33}}

When Cyclone Tracy devastated the town of Darwin at Christmas 1974, Qantas established a world record for the most people ever embarked on a single aircraft when it evacuated 673 people on a single Boeing 747 flight. It also established a record embarking 327 people on a Boeing 707.{{cite web

|first = Ron

|last = Cuskelly

|title = VH-EAH

|publisher = VH-Jet#1 & her sisters

|url = http://www.707.adastron.com/qantas/VH-EAH.htm

|access-date = 16 December 2006

|url-status = dead

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070206222310/http://www.707.adastron.com/qantas/VH-EAH.htm

|archive-date = 6 February 2007

|df = dmy-all

}} Later in the decade, Qantas placed options on two McDonnell Douglas DC-10 aircraft for flights to Wellington, New Zealand. These were not taken up, and two Boeing 747SPs were ordered instead. In March 1979, Qantas operated its final Boeing 707 flight from Auckland to Sydney, and became the only major airline in the world to have an all-747 fleet. That same year Qantas introduced Business class—the first airline in the world to do so.

In 1975 Qantas was headquartered in Qantas House in the City of Sydney.{{cite book | title=World Airline Directory | publisher=Flight International | date=20 March 1975 | url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%200562.html | page=498 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015034951/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%200562.html | archive-date=15 October 2012 | df=dmy-all }}

The Boeing 767-200 was introduced in 1985,{{cite web

| title =Boeing Aircraft Take Qantas Further

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details16

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061012141422/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details16 |archive-date = 12 October 2006}} for New Zealand, Asia and Pacific routes. The same year, the Boeing 747-300 was introduced, featuring a stretched upper deck. The Boeing 747 fleet was upgraded from 1989 with the arrival of the new Boeing 747-400 series. The delivery flight of the first 747-400 was a world record for commercial aircraft, flying the {{convert|17850|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} from London to Sydney non-stop.

In 1990, Qantas established Australia Asia Airlines to operate services to Taiwan. Several Boeing 747SP and Boeing 767 aircraft were transferred from Qantas service. The airline ceased operations in 1996.{{cite web

| title =Expanding Overseas...and at Home

| work=Our Company

| publisher=Qantas

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details17

| access-date = 16 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061010230529/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details17 |archive-date = 10 October 2006}}

File:Boeing 707-338C VH-EBR Qantas FRA 01.07.72 edited-2.jpg|Qantas Boeing 707-338C convertible passenger/freight aircraft carrying a spare engine under its wing root at Frankfurt Airport in 1972

File:Boeing 707 Qantas (VH-XBA).jpg|Qantas' first Boeing 707 was restored in the UK in the middle of the first decade of the 21st century and flown to Australia to be put on display in a museum

File:Boeing 707-338C VH-EBR Qantas FRA 01.07.72 edited-2.jpg|Qantas Boeing 707-338C convertible passenger/freight aircraft carrying a spare engine under its wing root at Frankfurt Airport in 1972

File:Qantas Boeing 747-200 Fitzgerald.jpg|Qantas Boeing 747-200 at London Heathrow Airport in 1978

File:QANTAS 747SP touches down in Wellington.jpg|747SP lands at Wellington, New Zealand in 198

File:Qantas Boeing 737-800 PER Monty-1.jpg|Boeing 737-800 at Perth Airport with the city of Perth in the background (2004).

The Australian Government sold the domestic carrier Australian Airlines to Qantas in August 1992, giving it access to the national domestic market for the first time in its history. The purchase saw the introduction of the Boeing 737 and Airbus A300 to the fleet, though the A300s were soon retired. Qantas was privatised in March 1993, with British Airways taking a 25% stake in the airline for A$665 million.The Hon R. Willis, Answer to a Question without Notice, House of Representatives Debates, 13 May 1993, p. 775. After a number of delays, the remainder of the Qantas float proceeded in 1995. The public share offer took place in June and July of that year, with the government receiving A$1.45 billion in proceeds. The remaining shares were disposed of in 1995–96 and 1996–97.Commonwealth of Australia Budget Statements 1996–97, Budget Paper no. 3, p. 3-191. Investors outside Australia took a strong interest in the float, securing 20% of the stock which, together with British Airways' 25% holding, meant that, once floated on the stock exchange, Qantas was 55% Australian-owned and 45% foreign-owned.Ian Thomas, '"Luck" played a key part in float success', Australian Financial Review, 31 July 1995. By law, Qantas must be at least 51% Australian-owned, and the level of foreign ownership is constantly monitored.{{Cite book |url=https://www.qantas.com.au/infodetail/about/corporateGovernance/Constitution.pdf |title=Constitution of Qantas Airways Limited |year=2014 |location=Australia |pages=6 |language=English |access-date=12 January 2023 |archive-date=12 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112183007/https://www.qantas.com.au/infodetail/about/corporateGovernance/Constitution.pdf |url-status=live }}

In 1998, Qantas co-founded the Oneworld alliance with American Airlines, British Airways, Canadian Airlines, and Cathay Pacific. The alliance commenced operation in February 1999,{{cite web

|title=Oneworld: The alliance to serve the world takes off on February 1

|publisher=Oneworld

|date=25 January 1999

|url=http://www.oneworld.com/ow/news/details?objectID=1273

|access-date=15 May 2007

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831041218/http://www.oneworld.com/ow/news/details?objectID=1273

|archive-date=31 August 2007

}} with Iberia Airlines and Finnair joining later that year. Oneworld markets itself at the premium travel market, offering passengers a larger network than each airline could on its own. The airlines also work together to provide operational synergies to keep costs down.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

File:Qantas B767-300ER VH-OGF.jpg

Qantas ordered twelve Airbus A380-800s in 2000, with options for twelve more. Eight of these options were exercised in 2006, bringing firm orders to twenty. Qantas is the third airline to receive A380s, after Singapore Airlines and Emirates.

{{cite press release

| title =Qantas Statement on A380 Delay

| publisher =Qantas

| date =28 November 2006

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2006/oct06/3487

| access-date =17 December 2006

| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070205031805/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2006%2Foct06%2F3487

| archive-date =5 February 2007

| url-status =live

| df =dmy-all

}}

{{cite press release

| title =Qantas Orders Additional A380 Aircraft

| publisher =Qantas

| date =29 October 2006

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2006/oct06/3498

| access-date =16 December 2006

| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070204235259/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2006%2Foct06%2F3498

| archive-date =4 February 2007

| url-status =live

| df =dmy-all

}}

The main domestic competitor to Qantas, Ansett Australia, collapsed on 14 September 2001.{{cite web

|title = Ansett Airlines Shut Down; NZ Prime Minister Blockaded in Melbourne; Howard Returns to Parochial Political Realities

|publisher = australianpolitics.com

|date = 14 September 2001

|url = http://www.australianpolitics.com/news/2001/01-09-14.shtml

|access-date = 15 May 2007

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070210122552/http://www.australianpolitics.com/news/2001/01-09-14.shtml

|archive-date = 10 February 2007

|df = dmy-all

}} Market share for Qantas immediately neared 90%, with the relatively new budget airline Virgin Blue holding the remainder. To capitalise on this event, Qantas ordered Boeing 737-800 aircraft, obtaining them a mere three months later.{{cite web

|title=Boeing Welcomes Qantas Decision on 737-800 Purchase

|publisher=Boeing

|date=29 October 2001

|url=http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2001/q4/nr_011029a.html

|access-date=15 May 2007

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612235639/http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2001/q4/nr_011029a.html

|archive-date=12 June 2007

}}

This unusually short time between order and delivery was possible due to the 11 September 2001 attacks in the United States; the subsequent downturn in the US aviation market meant American Airlines no longer needed the 737-800 aircraft it had ordered. The delivery positions were reassigned to Qantas on condition the aircraft remained in American Airlines configuration for later possible lease purposes.

{{cite news

| title =Qantas Orders 15 Boeing 737-800s

| publisher =Airline Industry Information

| date =29 October 2001

| url =http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CWU/is_2001_Oct_29/ai_79521571

| access-date =15 May 2007

| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20071016223228/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CWU/is_2001_Oct_29/ai_79521571

| archive-date =16 October 2007

| url-status =live

| df =dmy-all

}}

At the same time, Virgin Blue announced a major expansion in October 2001,{{cite press release

|title = Virgin Blue Announces Major Expansion Plans Australia's Second Airline Keeps More of the Air Fare

|publisher = Virgin Blue

|date = 30 October 2001

|url = http://www.virginblue.com.au/AboutUs/index.htm?co=vb&artdate=102001

|access-date = 16 December 2006

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071210060735/http://www.virginblue.com.au/AboutUs/index.htm?co=vb&artdate=102001

|archive-date = 10 December 2007

|df = dmy-all

}} which was successful in eventually pushing the Qantas domestic market share back to 60%. To prevent any further loss of market share, Qantas responded by creating a new cut-price subsidiary airline, Jetstar Airways. This has been successful in keeping the status quo at around 65% for Qantas Group airlines and 30% for Virgin Blue, with other regional airlines accounting for the rest of the market.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

Qantas had also developed a full-service all-economy international carrier focused on the holiday and leisure market, which had taken on the formerly used Australian Airlines name. This airline ceased operating its own-liveried aircraft in July 2006, with the staff operating Qantas services before being closed entirely in September 2007, with the staff joining the new Qantas base in Cairns.

{{cite web

| title =Qantas to Open New Base in Cairns

| publisher =Qantas

| date =3 May 2007

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2007/may07/Q3752

| access-date =15 May 2007

| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070701162303/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2007%2Fmay07%2FQ3752

| archive-date =1 July 2007

| url-status =live

| df =dmy-all

}}

Qantas has also expanded into the New Zealand domestic air travel market, firstly with a shareholding in Air New Zealand and then with a franchise takeover of Ansett New Zealand. In 2003, Qantas attempted and failed to obtain regulatory approval to purchase a larger (but still minority) stake in Air New Zealand. Subsequently, Qantas stepped-up competition on the trans-Tasman routes, introducing Jetstar to New Zealand. British Airways sold its 18.5% stake in Qantas in September 2004 for £425 million, though keeping its close ties with Qantas intact.{{cite web

|title = British Airways Sells Qantas Stake

|publisher = ASIA Travel Tips.com

|date = 8 September 2004

|url = http://www.asiatraveltips.com/travelnews04/89-Qantas.shtml

|access-date = 15 May 2007

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071016221554/http://asiatraveltips.com/travelnews04/89-Qantas.shtml

|archive-date = 16 October 2007

|df = dmy-all

}}

On 13 December 2004, the first flight of Jetstar Asia took off from its Singapore hub to Hong Kong, marking Qantas' entry into the Asian cut-price market. Qantas owns 44.5% of the carrier.{{Citation needed|date=May 2007}}

{{Multiple image||align=center||image1=Australian Airlines VH-OGI Sydney Airport 2005.jpg||width1=300||image2=VH-EBD Airbus A330 of Jetstar approaching Sydney May 2007.jpg||width2=270||footer=In 2006, Qantas shut down Australian Airlines (left) after four years of operation, in favour of the more competitive Jetstar (right)}}

On 14 December 2005 Qantas announced an order for 115 Boeing 787-8 and 787-9 aircraft (45 firm orders, 20 options and 50 purchase rights).{{cite press release

|title = Qantas Chooses Boeing 787 Dreamliner

|publisher = Boeing

|date = 13 December 2005

|url = http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2005/q4/051213h_nr.html

|access-date = 16 December 2006

|url-status = dead

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061210201400/http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2005/q4/051213h_nr.html

|archive-date = 10 December 2006

|df = dmy-all

}} The aircraft will allow Qantas to replace its Boeing 767-300 fleet, increase capacity and establish new routes.

{{cite press release

| title =Qantas Board Chooses Boeing

| publisher =Qantas

| date =14 December 2005

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2005/dec05/3369

| access-date =16 December 2006

| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20061025214342/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2005%2Fdec05%2F3369

| archive-date =25 October 2006

| url-status =live

| df =dmy-all

}}

This announcement came after a long battle between Boeing and Airbus to meet the airline's needs for fleet renewal and future routes. The first of the 787s were originally scheduled to be delivered in August 2008, with the 787-9s coming in 2011. However, on 10 April 2008 Qantas announced that the intended August delivery of the 787s has been delayed for a further 15 months from the original delivery date. In the interim, Qantas Chief Executive Officer Geoff Dixon stated that Qantas would claim substantial liquidated damages from Boeing under the purchase agreement, and use those funds to offset the costs of leasing alternative aircraft.

{{cite press release

| title =Qantas Statement on Further B787 Delays

| publisher =Qantas

| date =10 April 2008

| url =http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2008/apr08/Q3745

| access-date =10 April 2008

| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080414191654/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2008%2Fapr08%2FQ3745

| archive-date =14 April 2008

| url-status =live

| df =dmy-all

}}

In December 2006, Qantas was the subject of a failed bid from a consortium calling itself Airline Partners Australia. This bid failed in April 2007, with the consortium not gaining the percentage of shares it needed to complete the takeover.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/04/business/worldbusiness/04iht-qantas.2.5565369.html|title=Qantas takeover bid appears to have failed|work=The New York Times|author=Tim Johnston|date=4 May 2007|access-date=24 November 2020|archive-date=2 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220802103105/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/04/business/worldbusiness/04iht-qantas.2.5565369.html|url-status=live}}

{{See also|2011 Qantas trade union disputes}}

Qantas's main international hubs are Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane. However, Qantas operates a significant number of international flights into and out of Singapore Changi, Auckland, Los Angeles International and London Heathrow airports. Its domestic hubs are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide airports, but the company also has a strong presence in Cairns and Canberra airports. It serves a range of international and domestic destinations.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

File:qantas b747-400 vh-ojp arp.jpg at takeoff]]

Qantas wholly owns Jetstar, Jetconnect (which operates international services between Australia and New Zealand), QantasLink (including Sunstate Airlines and Eastern Australia Airlines), and Qantas Freight (which itself wholly owns Australian airExpress and Express Freighters Australia).{{cite press release|title=Qantas and Australia Post buy Star Track Express|work=Australia Post|url=http://www.auspost.com.au/BCP/0,1080,CH3594%257EMO19,00.html|access-date=22 December 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070216044247/http://www.auspost.com.au/BCP/0%2C1080%2CCH3594%7EMO19%2C00.html|archive-date=16 February 2007|df=dmy-all}}{{cite web|title=QantasLink|work=Our Company|publisher=Qantas|url=http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details2|access-date=22 December 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061009061143/http://www.qantas.com.au/info/about/history/details2 |archive-date = 9 October 2006}} Qantas did have a minor 4.2% stake in Air New Zealand, but this was sold on 26 June 2007. Qantas has a 46% shareholding in Fiji Airways.{{cn|date=June 2024}}

Qantas has stepped up the expansion of Jetstar, with the launch of international services (in addition to existing trans-Tasman and Jetstar Asia flights) to leisure destinations such as Bali, Ho Chi Minh City, Osaka and Honolulu having begun in November 2006. On some routes (such as Sydney–Honolulu) Jetstar supplements existing Qantas operations, but many routes are new to the network. The lower cost base of Jetstar allows the previously unprofitable or marginal routes to be operated at greater profitability.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

The Boeing 747, which constituted the entire Qantas fleet in the early 1980s, is being retired by the airline. The last three 747-300s were retired at the end of 2008 and the 747-400 series have, at present, been gradually phased out since 2012, replaced by the Airbus A380 and Boeing 787-9 Dreamliner.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

File:September 21 - Airbus A380 Qantas 146.jpg, lands at Sydney Airport at the end of its first flight to Australia]]

On 1 July 2008 Qantas became a 58% shareholder in the Jetset Travelworld Group (known as Helloworld Travel from 2013{{Cite news|url=http://www.travelweekly.com.au/article/JTG-to-launch-new-brand-called-helloworld/|title=JTG to launch new brand called 'helloworld' - Travel Weekly|work=Travel Weekly|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711070837/http://www.travelweekly.com.au/article/JTG-to-launch-new-brand-called-helloworld/|archive-date=11 July 2018|url-status=live}} and Helloworld Travel from 2017{{Cite news|url=http://www.travelweekly.com.au/article/helloworld-changes-its-name/|title=Helloworld changes its name - Travel Weekly|work=Travel Weekly|access-date=2018-10-02|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829151602/http://www.travelweekly.com.au/article/helloworld-changes-its-name/|archive-date=29 August 2018|url-status=live}}), by corporatising its leisure and corporate travel divisions; Qantas Holidays and Qantas Business Travel and selling them to Jetset Travelworld Group. This deal created a vertically integrated travel company with retail, wholesale and corporate sales arms.{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/business/jetset-to-merge-with-qantas-20080717-3gtr.html|title=Jetset to merge with Qantas|last=McLennan|first=Leah|date=2008-07-17|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|access-date=2018-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002064819/https://www.smh.com.au/business/jetset-to-merge-with-qantas-20080717-3gtr.html|archive-date=2 October 2018|url-status=live}}

Also in 2008 the first Qantas Airbus A380 was handed over by Airbus at a ceremony on 19 September.[http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2008/aug08/Q3799 "Qantas Announces A380 Delivery Date"; Qantas Media Release.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911131935/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2008%2Faug08%2FQ3799 |date=11 September 2008 }}. Retrieved 8 September 2008. During this ceremony, Qantas announced that it was considering ordering four more A380s.[http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24379260-662,00.html "Qantas Airbus 380 finally reaches Sydney airport"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808042151/http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24379260-662,00.html |date=8 August 2009 }}. Retrieved 21 September 2008. The aircraft arrived on Australian soil on the morning of 21 September, when it touched down at Sydney Airport.{{cite news |date=21 September 2008 |title=First Qantas A380 arrives |publisher=Trove |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-148435988 |access-date=30 September 2023 |archive-date=3 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003040941/https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-148435988 |url-status=live }} Qantas' first route for the A380 was Melbourne to Los Angeles beginning on 20 October 2008, then from Sydney to Los Angeles. The second A380, which was delivered in December 2008, increased the service frequency on the same routes. Subsequent aircraft to be delivered will further expand services, initially on the Kangaroo Route.{{cite press release

|title=The Qantas A380 – Now on sale

|publisher=Qantas

|date=16 June 2008

|url=http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2008/jun08/3773

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080627144617/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2008%2Fjun08%2F3773

|url-status=dead

|archive-date=27 June 2008

|access-date=30 June 2008

}}{{cite news

|title = Qantas A380 on maiden commercial flight from Sydney

|work = Sydney Morning Herald

|date = 24 October 2008

|url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/news/super-jumbo-takes-off-from-sydney/2008/10/24/1224351515912.html

|access-date = 24 October 2008

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081027111824/http://www.smh.com.au/news/news/super-jumbo-takes-off-from-sydney/2008/10/24/1224351515912.html

|archive-date = 27 October 2008

|df = dmy-all

}}

On 2 December 2008, British Airways confirmed that talks were underway regarding a possible merger between the two companies. They would merge as a dual-listed company with shares listed both on the London Stock Exchange and Australian Securities Exchange.{{cite news | title = BA is in merger talks with Qantas | work = BBC News | date = 2 December 2008 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7760851.stm | access-date = 2 December 2008 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081203053123/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7760851.stm | archive-date = 3 December 2008 | df = dmy-all }} However, on 18 December 2008, the two companies called off their merger discussions over ownership issues in the aftermath of a merger.{{cite news |last=Fenner |first=Robert and Steve Rothwell |title=British Airways, Qantas Talks Fail on Ownership Split |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601081&sid=atsndhbnWsoM&refer=australia |publisher=Bloomberg |date=18 December 2008 |access-date=18 December 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525071904/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601081 |archive-date=25 May 2010 }} If the merger between Qantas and British Airways and the previously announced merger between British Airways and Iberia Airlines had both occurred, it would have created the largest airline company in the world.{{cite news |last=Lalor |first=Dan |title=British Airways in merger talks with Qantas |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/innovationNews/idUSTRE4B143O20081202 |publisher=Reuters |date=2 December 2008 |access-date=2 December 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205120340/http://www.reuters.com/article/innovationNews/idUSTRE4B143O20081202 |archive-date=5 December 2008 }}

On 29 December 2008, Qantas flew its last scheduled Boeing 747-300 service, operating from Melbourne to Los Angeles via Auckland. The final 747-300 flight was on 20 January 2009 when the last of the three 747-300s was ferried to the United States for storage, bringing to a close over 24 years and 524,000 flying hours of operations. The final 747-300 flight was also the last time a Qantas aircraft flew with a flight engineer.{{cite news | title = Qantas's final Boeing 747-300 heads for graveyard | work = The Age | location = Australia | date = 21 January 2009 | url = http://www.theage.com.au/travel/travel-news/qantass-final-boeing-747300-heads-for-graveyard-20090120-7lfi.html | access-date = 21 January 2009 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090122072813/http://www.theage.com.au/travel/travel-news/qantass-final-boeing-747300-heads-for-graveyard-20090120-7lfi.html | archive-date = 22 January 2009 | df = dmy-all }}

During the 2008 financial crisis Qantas said it could "ditch" some first-class seats on some short International routes to maximise profits. Its share price has been steadily rising after its low point in March 2009 and the airline's profit fell by 88% to $117 million for the year to June but despite this, it was one of the few international airlines to report a profit for the financial year.{{cite news | url=http://www.news.com.au/business/story/0,27753,26217308-462,00.html | work=News Limited | title=Qantas may ditch most first-class seats | date=16 October 2009 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018091108/http://www.news.com.au/business/story/0,27753,26217308-462,00.html | archive-date=18 October 2009 | df=dmy-all }} The company blamed the figures on a drop in customer demand and said it was scrapping dividend payments. Qantas said passengers would only be able to fly first class between Australia and London, via Singapore, and between Australia and Los Angeles.{{Cite news|title=Qantas reduces first-class seats as profits fall|work=BBC News|date=18 February 2010|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8521435.stm|access-date=30 October 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221161237/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8521435.stm|archive-date=21 February 2010}}

In November 2012, Qantas took full ownership of Australian airExpress after buying Australia Post's 50% shareholding. At the same time it sold its 50% interest in StarTrack to Australia Post.[https://web.archive.org/web/20121121095251/http://auspost.com.au/about-us/australia-post-finalises-startrack-acquisition.html Australia Post finalises StarTrack acquisition] Australia Post 14 November 2012

Paris-based Australian designer Martin Grant is responsible for the new Qantas airline staff uniforms that were publicly unveiled on 16 April 2013. Qantas ambassador and model Miranda Kerr assisted with the launch of the new outfit for which the colours of navy blue, red, and fuchsia pink are combined. Qantas chief executive Alan Joyce stated that the new design "speaks of Australian style on the global stage" at the launch event that involved Qantas employees modelling the uniform. Grant consulted with Qantas staff members over the course of one year to finalise the 35 styles that were eventually created.{{cite news|title=Its hats off to new-age Qantas uniform|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/life/fashion/its-hats-off-to-new-age-qantas-uniform/story-e6frg8k6-1226622017102|access-date=18 April 2013|newspaper=The Australian|date=17 April 2013|author=Glynnis Traill-Nash|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418222117/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/life/fashion/its-hats-off-to-new-age-qantas-uniform/story-e6frg8k6-1226622017102|archive-date=18 April 2013}}

To account for a low Australian dollar and rising fuel costs, Qantas announced at the end of July 2013 that fuel surcharges on international flights would increase by A$75 (one way). In addition, domestic base fares will rise by two to three per cent.{{cite news|title=Qantas to hike fuel charges|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/aviation/qantas-to-hike-fuel-charges/story-e6frg95x-1226688388176?net_sub_uid=44933799|access-date=30 July 2013|newspaper=The Australian|date=31 July 2013|author=Steve Creedy}}

On 24 March 2018, a Boeing 787 operated the first ever scheduled non-stop commercial flight between Australia and Europe.{{cite news |last=Chong |first=Jordan |date=25 March 2018 |title=Qantas changes the game with departure of first nonstop Australia-UK passenger flight |url=http://australianaviation.com.au/2018/03/qantas-changes-the-game-with-departure-of-first-nonstop-australia-uk-passenger-flight/ |url-status=live |work=Australian Aviation |location=Sydney, NSW |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326034606/http://australianaviation.com.au/2018/03/qantas-changes-the-game-with-departure-of-first-nonstop-australia-uk-passenger-flight/ |archive-date=26 March 2018 |access-date=26 March 2018}} Flight QF9, was a 17-hour, 14,498 km (9,009-mile) journey from Perth to London Heathrow. In 2019 Qantas launched 19-hour flights on a restricted payload between New York and London to Sydney with 787-9s.{{cite news|title=Australia-UK: First non-stop flight arrives in London from Perth|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-43530332|access-date=25 March 2018|work=BBC News|publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation|date=25 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180325021256/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-43530332|archive-date=25 March 2018}}{{cite news|last1=Munk|first1=David|title=First non-stop scheduled flight from Australia to Britain lands after 17 hours|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/25/first-non-stop-flight-australia-britain-lands-17-hours-qantas|access-date=25 March 2018|work=The Guardian|date=25 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180325054931/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/25/first-non-stop-flight-australia-britain-lands-17-hours-qantas|archive-date=25 March 2018}} In April 2018, Qantas sold its Q Catering arm to dnata.Debrief Australian Aviation May 2018 page 15 In February 2019, Qantas purchased a 20% shareholding in Alliance Airlines.Debrief Australian Aviation March 2019 p. 15[https://web.archive.org/web/20200331120212/https://www.accc.gov.au/media-release/qantas-stake-in-alliance-airlines-raises-concerns Qantas stake in Alliance Airlines raises concerns] Australian Competition & Consumer Commission 1 August 2019

On 4 February 2021, a 3-year deal with Alliance Airlines was announced to access 3 E190 aircraft on a wet lease with flexibility to use up to 11 additional aircraft (for a total of 14). The aircraft would initially be used between Adelaide, Darwin and Alice Springs.{{Cite web |date=2021-02-11 |title=QANTAS GROUP TARGETS DOMESTIC GROWTH WITH ALLIANCE AIRLINES CAPACITY DEAL |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-group-targets-domestic-growth-with-alliance-airlines-capacity-deal/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Qantas Newsroom |archive-date=24 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124015246/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-group-targets-domestic-growth-with-alliance-airlines-capacity-deal/ |url-status=live }} Since then Qantas has steadily increased its use of the aircraft and have currently agreed to operate 26 aircraft with 4 options remaining, by April 2024.{{Cite web |date=2023-10-19 |title=QANTAS AND ALLIANCE AVIATION TERMINATE ACQUISITION PLANS, AGREE ON MORE AIRCRAFT |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-and-alliance-aviation-terminate-acquisition-plans-agree-on-more-aircraft/ |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=Qantas Newsroom |archive-date=11 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211001254/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-and-alliance-aviation-terminate-acquisition-plans-agree-on-more-aircraft/ |url-status=live }}

On 2 March 2022, Qantas announced a major order with Airbus to firm up its domestic orders for Project Winton, with a firm order for 20 Airbus A321XLR aircraft and 20 Airbus A220-300 (later increased to 29 through activation of purchase rights). The order included 94 purchase rights spread across multiple aircraft and a 10-year period allowing for flexibility for the group. With an existing order already being in place with Airbus of 109 A320neo aircraft (including options), subsequently meaning the group has access to up to 299 narrowbody aircraft if all options are used.{{Cite web |date=2022-05-02 |title=QANTAS GROUP ANNOUNCES MAJOR AIRCRAFT ORDER TO SHAPE ITS FUTURE |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-group-announces-major-aircraft-order-to-shape-its-future/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Qantas Newsroom |archive-date=2 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502130646/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-group-announces-major-aircraft-order-to-shape-its-future/ |url-status=live }}

On the same day Qantas also announced an order for 12 Airbus A350-1000 aircraft to operate Project Sunrise flights, enabling the group to achieve what they call 'the final frontier of travel' and fly non-stop from the east coast of Australia to any other city (including New York and London). The aircraft will only have 238 seats onboard (the lowest of any aircraft in that class) with 40% being dedicated to premium, with Qantas designing new seats for all cabins to ensure the flagship service is up to the new standards of the 21st century.{{Cite web |date=2022-05-02 |title=QANTAS ANNOUNCES PROJECT SUNRISE AIRCRAFT ORDER FOR NON-STOP FLIGHTS TO AUSTRALIA |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-announces-project-sunrise-aircraft-order-for-non-stop-flights-to-australia/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Qantas Newsroom |archive-date=24 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124015245/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-announces-project-sunrise-aircraft-order-for-non-stop-flights-to-australia/ |url-status=live }}

On 24 August 2023, Qantas announced another order for aircraft to operate international service under Project Fysh, with a firm order for four 787-9, eight 787-10 and another 12 Airbus A350-1000 aircraft (for a total of 24). With the A350-1000 expected to have a different seating configuration to those operating Project Sunrise flights. These aircraft will be used to replace the Airbus A330 and A380 in the Qantas fleet from 2027 and 2032 respectively.{{Cite web |date=2023-08-24 |title=QANTAS ORDERS MORE AIRCRAFT FOR INTERNATIONAL FLEET |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-orders-more-aircraft-for-international-fleet/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Qantas Newsroom |archive-date=19 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231119210946/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-orders-more-aircraft-for-international-fleet/ |url-status=live }}

Having acquired a 51% shareholding in TripADeal in 2022, in June 2024 Qantas took full ownership.[https://announcements.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20240613/pdf/064j93r17zcw02.pdf Qantas accelerates expansion into holiday packages market by acquiring remaining stake in TraipADeal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613031547/https://announcements.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20240613/pdf/064j93r17zcw02.pdf |date=13 June 2024 }} Qantas 13 June 2024

The company heads of Qantas throughout the years since its inception in 1920. The people listed below lead Qantas through its many different structures, branding and variations, with its current structure being in place since 1993.

{{columns-start}}

{{columns-end}}

The Qantas kangaroo logo made its first appearance in 1944, painted on a Liberator to celebrate the renaming of the Indian Ocean Route to "Kangaroo Service". The design was adapted from the design on the reverse side of the contemporary one-penny coin.{{cite web |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/History-Qantas-Tales-Face-Sheet.pdf |title=Qantas livery throughout the ages. |publisher=Qantas Newsroom |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403035034/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/History-Qantas-Tales-Face-Sheet.pdf |archive-date=3 April 2019 |url-status=live }} Since then, the kangaroo has undergone four major changes.{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Chenery |title=Kangi gets a facelift |url=http://www.adnews.com.au/news.cfm?NewsID=3388|publisher=AdNews, Yaffa Publishing Group Pty Ltd |date=24 July 2007 |access-date=25 July 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070831192316/http://www.adnews.com.au/news.cfm?NewsID=3388 |archive-date = 31 August 2007}}{{cite press release |url=http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2007/jul07/3621 |title=New Logo Takes Qantas into the A380 Era |date=24 July 2007 |location=Sydney |publisher=Qantas Newsroom |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070805022108/http://www.qantas.com.au/regions/dyn/au/publicaffairs/details?ArticleID=2007%2Fjul07%2F3621 |archive-date=5 August 2007 |access-date=15 May 2019 |url-status=live }} To better suit its airborne nature, wings were added to the kangaroo in 1947 by Gert Sellheim{{cite web |url=http://www.hulsbosch.com.au/case-study-qantas/ |title=Case Study: Qantas |date=2007 |publisher=Hulsbosch |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123900/http://www.hulsbosch.com.au/case-study-qantas/ |archive-date=9 February 2019 |url-status=live }} and it was painted on the tail of the Lockheed Super Constellations in 1954. These Super Constellations used a predominantly white livery with a red cheatline.

File:Qantas Foundation Memorial Boeing 707-138B CBR Gilbert.jpg|Boeing 707 with "Red Stripe" livery featuring red wordmark on whitetail and red cheatline, livery used 1959–1961. Piston aircraft wore a similar, but identical livery from 1955 to 1959.

File:Boeing 707-138B, Jett Clipper Johnny JP27930.jpg|Boeing 707 with "V-Jet" livery used 1961–1971. Piston and turboprop aircraft wore a similar livery, with a white tail and a red stripe with the Qantas wordmark within it and Flying Kangaroo symbol positioned above the stripe from 1959 to 1971.

File:Boeing 747-238B, Qantas AN2122811.jpg|Boeing 747 with "Flying Kangaroo" livery used 1971–1984; note ochre cheatline

In 1959, Qantas was the first airline outside the United States to operate the Boeing 707 jetliner, making its inaugural flight from Sydney to San Francisco on 29 July 1959. The aircraft of the initial 707 fleets were painted in 'Red Stripe' livery with white tailfins marked with the red "flying kangaroo" logo and the Qantas wordmark or aircraft registration as used on other aircraft since 1955. Piston and turboprop aircraft later had tailfins carrying a red stripe with the Qantas wordmark within it and the flying kangaroo symbol from 1959 to 1971.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

Qantas later purchased the 707-138B variant with turbofan engines in 1961; these were prominently painted in 'V-Jet' livery with red tailfins marked with the words "V-Jet" ("V" standing for the Latin word vannus, meaning fan).{{cite web |url=https://www.qantas.com/travel/airlines/history-jet-age/global/en |title=Entering the Jet Age |publisher=Qantas |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811032223/https://www.qantas.com/travel/airlines/history-jet-age/global/en |archive-date=11 August 2018 |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.707.adastron.com/qantas/why-vjet.htm |title=Why V-Jet? |publisher=VH-JET#1 & Her Sisters |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215121330/http://www.707.adastron.com/qantas/why-vjet.htm |archive-date=15 December 2018 |url-status=live }} In 1998, actor John Travolta acquired one of the 707-138Bs originally delivered to Qantas in 1961, had it repainted in the V-Jet livery in 2002, and donated it to the Historical Aircraft Restoration Society.{{cite news |url=http://australianaviation.com.au/2017/12/john-travolta-commits-to-personally-deliver-boeing-707-to-hars/ |title=John Travolta commits to personally deliver Boeing 707 to HARS |date=8 December 2017 |work=Australian Aviation |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210152744/http://australianaviation.com.au/2017/12/john-travolta-commits-to-personally-deliver-boeing-707-to-hars/ |archive-date=10 February 2019 |url-status=live }}

To mark the arrival of the new 747 in 1971, the new Qantas livery made the Flying Kangaroo logo the dominant tailfin element and the cheatline colour was changed to ochre.

File:Frola 71021 1267217023 (5777148411).jpg|Boeing 767 with {{"'}}Roo" livery and "Spirit of Australia" strapline, livery used 1984–2007

File:Qantas Airbus A380-842; VH-OQB@SIN;07.08.2011 617bq (6069396936).jpg|Airbus A380 with "New 'Roo" livery used 2007–2016

File:VH-ZNF 02092018LHR (29596062827).jpg|Boeing 787 with Newson/Houston Group-designed "Silver 'Roo" livery used 2016–present

The livery was updated again in 1984 preceding the launch of Boeing 767 service for Qantas in 1985. In the 1984 livery, the Flying Kangaroo on the tail lost its wings{{cite web|title=A New Era: Annual Report 2007 |publisher=Qantas |url=http://qantas.republicast.com/ar2007/Qantas_Annual_Report_2007.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091122115035/http://qantas.republicast.com/ar2007/Qantas_Annual_Report_2007.pdf |archive-date=22 November 2009 }} and the coloured cheatline was dropped, but the tailfin colour now extended onto the fuselage and a thin gold band was added to the tailfin's leading edge. Hans Hulsbosch worked on the 1984 logo update and proposed the strapline "Spirit of Australia", which had previously been used in marketing materials, should be added to the exterior markings.

The next major revision occurred in 2007, with the so-called 'New Roo' livery bringing a "polished, contoured Flying Kangaroo". and different text positioning, primarily to deal with technical issues arising from changes to the shape of airliner tails and surface areas on stabilisers being designated as no paint areas on the Airbus A380s. The 2007 revision was carried out by Hulsbosch Communications, leading a creative team that included input from Peter Morrissey, Neil Perry, and Marc Newson. The revision also included an exclusive typeface to match the new kangaroo and was first deployed on a 767, ahead of the launch of Airbus A380 service. Qantas Executive General Manager John Borghetti stated "the differences are subtle but distinctive ... our new flying kangaroo is sleeker and more contoured than the current version - a modern take on a design that has stood the test of time."{{cite web |url=https://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/the_kangaroo_with_more_power.php |title=The Kangaroo With More Power |author=Feldhouse, John |date=25 July 2007 |publisher=Brand New |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124133/https://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/the_kangaroo_with_more_power.php |archive-date=9 February 2019 |url-status=live }} The kangaroo's feet were carried forward to avoid the illusion that they had been cut off by the aircraft's wings, and the wing/tail was brought back to give it a more dynamic, in-flight look.

In 2016, a new livery with an updated kangaroo logo and exclusive typography designed by Marc Newson in partnership with Houston Group{{cite press release |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/flying-kangaroo-receives-an-update-as-qantas-prepares-to-welcome-dreamliner/ |title=Flying Kangaroo receives an update as Qantas prepares to welcome Dreamliner |date=27 October 2016 |publisher=Qantas Newsroom |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210152600/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/flying-kangaroo-receives-an-update-as-qantas-prepares-to-welcome-dreamliner/ |archive-date=10 February 2019 |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://houstongroup.com.au/projects/qantas-rebrand/ |title=Projects: Qantas Rebrand |publisher=Houston Group |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210152550/http://houstongroup.com.au/projects/qantas-rebrand/ |archive-date=10 February 2019 |url-status=live }} was unveiled on an Airbus A330-300 in preparation for the delivery of the first Boeing 787 Dreamliner for Qantas.{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/todayinthesky/2016/10/31/qantas-logo-livery-dreamliner/93074980/ |title=Qantas reveals new logo, livery and Dreamliner interior |author=Baskas, Harriet |date=31 October 2016 |newspaper=USA Today |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209141055/https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/todayinthesky/2016/10/31/qantas-logo-livery-dreamliner/93074980/ |archive-date=9 February 2019 |url-status=live }} According to Newson, a silver band was added "to give a more premium feel" and the typography was "carefully streamlined". The Qantas wordmark was added to the belly to enhance visual recognition from the ground. The Flying Kangaroo was made significantly more abstract, losing its arms and having a simplified head.{{cite web |url=https://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/new_logo_identity_and_livery_for_qantas_by_houston_group.php |title=Tail You Win, Head You Lose |author=Vit, Armin |date=27 October 2016 |publisher=Brand New |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210152526/https://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/new_logo_identity_and_livery_for_qantas_by_houston_group.php |archive-date=10 February 2019 |url-status=live }} The 1968 Flying Kangaroo symbol was also applied to the nose.{{cite web |url=https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Evolving-Icon-Changes-Qantas-Livery.pdf |title=Evolving an icon: Changes to Qantas' livery |publisher=Qantas Newsroom |date=October 2016 |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403035027/https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Evolving-Icon-Changes-Qantas-Livery.pdf |archive-date=3 April 2019 |url-status=live }} The triangular symbol was reshaped to resemble the tail fin of a modern aircraft. The "Flying Kangaroo" graphic was changed by losing some details such as the arms and bolstered with some gradated areas to simulate a three-dimensional feel.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

{{Reflist}}

{{refbegin}}

• {{cite book |last1=Aston |first1=Joe |title=The Chairman's Lounge: The inside story of how Qantas sold us out |date=2024 |publisher=Scribner Australia |location=Sydney |isbn=9781761632617 |url={{GBurl|MrIUEQAAQBAJ}}}}
• {{cite book |last1=Bennett-Bremner |first1=E. |title=Front-Line Airline: The War Story of Qantas Empire Airways Limited |date=1944 |publisher=Angus & Robertson |location=Sydney, London |oclc=5950287 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Eh8ZAAAAIAAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922060156/https://books.google.com/books?id=Eh8ZAAAAIAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Benns |first1=Matthew |title=The Men Who Killed Qantas |date=2014 |publisher=William Heinemann Australia |location=North Sydney, NSW |isbn=9780857985828 |edition=Revised |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3RCzAwAAQBAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=24 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924063027/https://books.google.com/books?id=3RCzAwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Byrnes |first1=Paul |title=Qantas by George!: The Remarkable Story of George Roberts |date=2000 |publisher=Watermark Press |location=Sydney |isbn=0949284521 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uCDqPQAACAAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=24 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924063028/https://books.google.com/books?id=uCDqPQAACAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Crotty |first1=David |title=Qantas and the Empire Flying Boat |date=2022 |publisher=Key Publishing |location=Stamford, Lincs, UK |isbn=9781802820942 |url={{GBurl|9_1zEAAAQBAJ}}}}
• {{cite journal |last1=Crotty |first1=David |title=Singapore Express: Qantas Empire Airways & the D.H.86 Saga|journal=The Aviation Historian |date=2015 |issue=13 |pages=12–21 |issn=2051-1930}}
• {{cite book |last1=Eames |first1=Jim |title=The Flying Kangaroo: Great Untold Stories of QANTAS ... the Heroic, the Hilarious and the Sometimes Just Plain Strange. |date=2015 |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Sydney |isbn=9781925268478 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xj0oCgAAQBAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922095009/https://books.google.com/books?id=Xj0oCgAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book|last1=Eames|first1=Jim|title=Courage in the Skies: The untold story of Qantas, its brave men and women and their extraordinary role in World War II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muoxDwAAQBAJ|date=2017|publisher=Allen & Unwin|location=Sydney|isbn=9781760293932|author1-mask=6|access-date=18 January 2023|archive-date=19 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019151258/https://books.google.com/books?id=muoxDwAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}
• {{cite book |last1=Eames |first1=Jim |title=The Mighty 747: Australia's Queen of the Skies |date=2022 |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest, NSW |isbn=9781760877118 |url={{GBurl|yah-EAAAQBAJ}}|author1-mask=6}}
• {{cite book |last1=Fysh |first1=Wilmot Hudson |author1-link=Hudson Fysh |title=Qantas Rising: The autobiography of the Flying Fish |date=1965 |publisher=Angus & Robertson |location=Sydney |oclc=2223794 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4li3AAAAIAAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171421/https://books.google.com/books?id=4li3AAAAIAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Fysh |first1=Wilmot Hudson |author1-link=Hudson Fysh |title=Qantas at War |date=1968 |publisher=Angus & Robertson |location=Sydney |oclc=7383547 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WmS3AAAAIAAJ |author1-mask=6 |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922125315/https://books.google.com/books?id=WmS3AAAAIAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Fysh |first1=Wilmot Hudson |author1-link=Hudson Fysh |title=Wings to the World: The Story of Qantas 1945–1966 |date=1970 |publisher=Angus & Robertson |location=Sydney |isbn=0207953783 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xrUwAQAAIAAJ |author1-mask=6 |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922140731/https://books.google.com/books?id=xrUwAQAAIAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Gunn |first1=John |author1-link=John Gunn (Australian writer) |title=The Defeat of Distance: Qantas 1919–1939 |date=1985 |publisher=University of Queensland Press |location=St. Lucia, Qld |isbn=0702217077 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dO_z29s9YigC |access-date=16 September 2022 |archive-date=18 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118033137/https://books.google.com/books?id=dO_z29s9YigC |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Gunn |first1=John |author1-link=John Gunn (Australian writer) |title=Challenging Horizons: Qantas 1939–1954 |date=1987 |publisher=University of Queensland Press |location=St. Lucia, Qld |isbn=0702220175 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NnSm-oOCr5AC |author1-mask=5 |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=21 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921201018/https://books.google.com/books?id=NnSm-oOCr5AC |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Gunn |first1=John |author1-link=John Gunn (Australian writer) |title=High Corridors: Qantas 1954–1970 |date=1988 |publisher=University of Queensland Press |location=St. Lucia, Qld |isbn=0702221287 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CkrYeQcU6K4C |author1-mask=5 |access-date=16 September 2022 |archive-date=18 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118033136/https://books.google.com/books?id=CkrYeQcU6K4C |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Harbison |first1=Peter |last2=with Sadubin |first2=Derek |title=Alan Joyce and Qantas: The Trials and Transformation of an Australian Icon |date=2023 |publisher=Penguin Random House Australia |location=Southbank, VIC |isbn=9781761345296 |url={{GBurl|Sp_LEAAAQBAJ}}}}
• {{cite book |last1=Leonard |first1=Bruce |title=A Tradition of Integrity: The Story of Qantas Engineering and Maintenance |date=1994 |publisher=UNSW Press |location=Sydney |isbn=0868401102 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IQpFAAAACAAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928140534/https://books.google.com/books?id=IQpFAAAACAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Leonard |first1=Bruce |title=The Pursuit of Excellence: The Story of Qantas Engineering and Maintenance. Part Two – 1971 to 2001 |date=2010 |publisher=Acacia Press |location=Coorparoo DC, Qld. |isbn=9780980583939 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MB1NywAACAAJ |author1-mask=7 |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=24 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924063027/https://books.google.com/books?id=MB1NywAACAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Lock |first1=Colin |title=Finished with Engines: the story of Qantas' longhaul flight engineers 1941-2009 |date=2012 |publisher=Independently published |location=Cronulla, NSW |isbn=9780646581569}}
• {{cite book |last1=Montagnana-Wallace |first1=Neil |title=The Flying Kangaroo: 100 years of Qantas |date=2021 |publisher=Affirm Press |location=Preston, Vic |isbn=9781922419392 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DSpXzgEACAAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163934/https://books.google.com/books?id=DSpXzgEACAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Stackhouse |first1=John |title=... from the dawn of aviation: the Qantas story 1920–1995 |date=1995 |publisher=Focus Publishing |location=Double Bay, NSW |isbn=1875359273 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iu6wPQAACAAJ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=21 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921221732/https://books.google.com/books?id=iu6wPQAACAAJ |url-status=live }}
• {{cite book |last1=Stackhouse |first1=John |title=The Longest Hop: Celebrating 50 Years of the QANTAS Kangaroo Route, 1947–1997 |date=1997 |publisher=Focus Publishing |location=Double Bay, NSW |isbn=1875359362 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cPLdAAAACAAJ |author1-mask=8 |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163951/https://books.google.com/books?id=cPLdAAAACAAJ |url-status=live }}

{{refend}}

• [http://www.qantas.com.au/travel/airlines/history/global/en Qantas History]
• {{Cite web |date=2021-11-23 |title=Birth of Qantas – The flying kangaroo - Stories from the Archives |url=https://blogs.archives.qld.gov.au/2021/11/23/birth-of-qantas-the-flying-kangaroo/ |access-date= |website=Blogs |publisher=Queensland State Archives}}

Category:Qantas

Qantas

Qantas

Category:Aviation history of Australia